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Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Civics Solutions Chapter 2 Preamble to the Constitution Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 7 Civics Chapter 2 Question Answer Preamble to the Constitution Maharashtra Board

Class 7 Civics Chapter 2 Preamble to the Constitution Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Preamble to the Constitution Class 7 Questions And Answers

1. Find the following words in the grid:

Question 1.
A sense of ‘we-feeling’ and empathy towards fellow citizens
Answer:
Fraternity.

Question 2.
A system in which sovereign power is in the hands of the people
Answer:
Democracy.

Question 3.
Introduction to the Constitution
Answer:
Preamble.

Question 4.
A system in which all religions are considered equal
Answer:
Secular

2. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What are the provisions in a secular Constitution?
Answer:

• In a Secular State, all religions are considered as equal.
• No religion is considered to be the state religion. The citizens are free to follow their own religion.
• The state cannot discriminate among citizens on the basis of religion.

Question 2.
What is meant by adult franchise?
Answer:

• Adult franchise means all citizens completing 18 years of age have the right to vote in the elections.
• This enables equal participation of citizens in the running of our country.

Question 3.
What right does economic justice ensure?
Answer:
Economic justice ensures our right to a source of livelihood so as to look after oneself and one’s family.

Question 4.
How will human dignity be established in a society?
Answer:
When every individual respects another and honours their freedom and rights, dignity of the individual will be established.

3. How should we make use of our freedom ? Write your views about it.
Answer:

• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru has rightly said. ‘We have to assume the responsibility ourselves of what we do’.
• Freedom must be exercised with care, with a sense of responsibility.
• Our freedom and independence which we gained after innumerable sacrificies must be safeguarded.
• We should use the different freedoms endowed on us by our Constitution to bring out the best in us and build a better nation, a better world
• The future lies in our hands.

4. Explain the following concepts.

Question 1.
Socialist State
Answer:

• A Socialist State is such a State where the gap between the rich and the poor is minimum.
• All have a right over the wealth of the country.
• It is ensured that wealth is not concentrated in the hands of a few people.

Question 2.
Equality
Answer:
(i) The Preamble guarantees the Indian citizens equality of status and there will be no discrimination based on caste, creed, race, sex, place of birth, etc.

(ii) The guarantee of equality means that there should be no discrimination between people in terms of high-low, superior-inferior.

Question 3.
Sovereign State
Answer:
The word sovereign means that a state is not under the control of a foreign power. The most important goal of our freedom struggle was to acquire sovereignty. ‘Sovereignty’ means the ultimate authority to govern oneself. In a democracy, sovereignty rests with the people

Question 4.
Equality of opportunity.
Answer:
Equality means the state of being equal in status, rights or opportunities. Equality of status, and of opportunity means that all have equal human status and there will be no discrimination based on caste, creed, race, sex, place of birth, etc. All will get the opportunities for development without any discrimination.

5. Make a list of the key words in the Preamble. Look for their meanings in a dictionary. Prepare a chart in the following way:

Answer:

Activities:

1. Visit your Tehsil office with your teacher to understand how a vote is cast and how the electronic voting machine works.
2. Make a list of newspapers available in your locality.

Class 7 Civics Chapter 2 Preamble to the Constitution InText Questions and Answers

Answer the following concepts:

Question 1.
Liberty
Answer:
(i) Liberty implies that there should be no coercive, unfair restrictions upon us and that ’ there should be an atmosphere conducive to the development of our inherent capacities.

(ii) In a democracy, citizens enjoy liberty. In fact, democracy becomes mature only if the citizens enjoy freedom.

Discuss:

Question 1.
Some statements regarding freedom have been given below for discussion. Express your views.
(a) While publicly celebrating our festivals, we need to follow some rules. That does not restrict our freedom,
(b) Freedom means behaving in a responsible way, not as per our whims and fancies.
Answer:
Yes, With freedom comes responsibilities. Rules should be followed while exercising freedom for a smooth life and to ensure that we work towards responsible citizenship.

Question 2.
Read what Deepa has written on the topic: “My Family’.
Answer:
Democracy does not only imply elections. My parents do all the household work together. We also participate in it. We ensure that we talk cordially with each other. Even if we happen to fight, we try to listen to each others views by stopping the fight as soon as possible. If any change has to be made, even the grandparents are consulted. Anuja wants to take up agricultural research as her career. Her decision was appreciated by everybody.

Question 3.
Do you think that Deepa’s house functions in a democratic way? Which features of democracy can be found in this passage.
Answer:
Yes. They function in a democratic way and the features of democracy displayed here are:

• Carrying out responsibilities collectively as a unit.
• Mutual respect.
• Honouring opinions which are not in line with our views.
• Consensus in decision making.
• Freedom of thought and expression.
• Freedom of occupation.

Activities:

Question 1.
Visit your Tehsil office with your teacher to understand how a vote is cast and how the electronic voting ntachine (EVM) works.
Answer:
The voting machines used in India are a combination of two components. First component is called the Balloting unit on which the voters press the button. The other part is called the Control unit. This unit gives supervising power to the polling officer stationed at the poll booth.

The two units are connected by a five-meter cable. The voter places his /her vote on the Balloting unit which is placed inside the Voting compartment.

An EVM runs on 6-volt batteries to eliminate the need of any external power source. It is designed to record 64 candidate names and 3,840 votes at the max. The 64 candidate names can be split across (a maximum of) 4 balloting units connected in parallel, with 16 candidate names on each of the unit.

Question 2.
Make a list of newspapers available in your locality.
Answer:

English News Papers:

• The Times of India
• Economic Times
• Financial Express
• Indian Express
• Mumbai Mirror
• Mid-day
• DNA (Daily News and Analysis)
• Business- Standard
• Hindustan Times
• Free Press Journal

Hindi News Papers (Including Urdu Daily):

• Hindi Mid-Day
• Tehalka News
• Navbharat Times
• Humara Mahanagar
• Aaj Ka Anand
• YashoBhoomi
• Dopahar
• Saamna
• Hindmata
• Mumbai Sandhya

Marathi News Papers:

• Loksatta
• Maharashtra Times
• Navshakti
• Navakal
• Vartahar
• Saamna (saamana)
• Sakai
• Sandesh
• Lokmat
• Divyabhaskar
• Mumbai Mitra
• Sandhyanand
• Punya Nagri
• Samrat

Class 7 Civics Chapter 2 Preamble to the Constitution Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate words from the options given below:

Question 1.
The _______ to the Indian Constitution is called the ‘Preamble’. (Preface, Preview, Annexure)
Answer:
Preface

Question 2.
The Preamble sets out the ______ of our Constitution. (declaration, objectives, theme of the Articles)
Answer:
objectives

Question 3.
It talks about the resolve of the Indians to constitute India into a ‘Sovereign, Socialist, _______ Democratic Republic’. (Theocratic, Autocratic, Secular)
Answer:
Secular

Question 4.
Our country became independent on _______. (15th August 1947, 26th January 1950, 26th November 1949)
Answer:
15th August 1947

Question 5.
The word _______ means that a state is not under the control of a foreign power. (Sovereign, Secular, Socialist)
Answer:
Sovereign

Question 6.
A Socialist State is such a State where the gap between the rich and the poor ______. (is maximum, is minimum, does not exist)
Answer:
is minimum

Question 7.
In _________ State, all religions are considered equal and no religion is considered as a State religion. (secular, socialist, sovereign)
Answer:
secular

Question 8.
In a _______ the sovereign power is in thehands of the people. (democracy, autocracy, monarchy)
Answer:
democracy

Question 9.
Elections are conducted in India after a fixed period when voters elect their ______. (President, Vice-president, Representatives)
Answer:
Representatives

Question 10.
The Parliament or Legislature and the Executive take decisions for the entire population as per the procedure laid down by the ______.(High Court, Supreme Court, Constitution)
Answer:
Constitution

Question 11.
________ implies removal of injustice and ensuring that everybody has the opportunity for progress. (Liberty, Justice, Equality)
Answer:
Justice

Question 12.
________ ensures that as human beings all have the right to the same dignity and respect, the same status. (Political justice, Social justice, Economic justice)
Answer:
Social justice

Question 13.
Since we have adopted universal adult franchise, all citizens completing ________ years of age have the right to vote in the elections. (18, 20, 21)
Answer:
18

Question 14.
The liberty of belief, faith and worship implies ______ freedom. (economic, social, religious)
Answer:
religious

Question 15.
_____ implies a ‘we-feeling’ towards one another. (Fraternity, Empathy, Sympathy)
Answer:
Fraternity

Question 16.
________ implies equal respect to each (Human Rights, Equality, Dignity)
Answer:
Equality

Match the following:

Question 1.

(1) Sovereignty (2) Socialist State (3) Secular (4) Democratic

(a) Equal right over the wealth of the country. (b) No discrimination on the basis of religion. (c) Sovereign power is in the hands of the people. (d) Public positions elected by the people. (e) Ultimate authority to govern ownself.

Answer:
1 – e
2 – a
3 – b
4 – c

Name the following:

Question 1.
The fundamental and the highest law of the land which is an important document clarifying the rules of the administration.
Answer:
Constitution.

Question 2.
A systematic arrangement of all the aims and objectives of a law which is the preface to the Constitution.
Answer:
Preamble

Question 3.
The words with which the Preamble begins,
Answer:
’We, the people of India’.

Question 4.
The word that means that a State is not under the control of a foreign power.
Answer:
Sovereign

Question 5.
A state where the gap between the rich and poor is minimum.
Answer:
Socialist.

Question 6.
A state wherein all religions are considered equal.
Answer:
Secular state.

Question 7.
In this form of governance, the sovereign power is in the hands of the people.
Answer:
Democracy.

Question 8.
Institutions in India created by our Constitution.
Answer:

• Parliament
• Legislature
• Executive.

Question 9.
In this form of government, all positions are elected by the people and no public position is occupied on the basis of hereditary succession.
Answer:
Republic.

Question 10.
Three types of Justice talked of in the Constitution.
Answer:
Social Justice, Economic Justice, Political Justice.

Question 11.
This implies that there should be no coercive, unfair restrictions upon us and that there should be an atmosphere conducive to the development of our inherent capacities.
Answer:
Liberty

Question 12.
The most fundamental freedom of an individual.
Answer:
Freedom of Thought and Expression.

Question 13.
The liberty of belief, faith and worship implies this value.
Answer:
Religious freedom.

Question 14.
The goal which is included in the Constitution which implies a ‘we-feeling ‘ and feeling of empathy.
Answer:
Fraternity.

State whether the following statements are true or false with reason:

Question 1.
The Preamble begins with the mention that the people of India have given the Constitution to themselves.
Answer:
False : The Preamble begins with the words ‘We, the People of India’.

Question 2.
In a democracy, the sovereign power is in the hands of the people.
Answer:
True: Democracy is the Government of the people, by the people and for the people.

Question 3.
In a democracy, citizens enjoy liberty.
Answer:
True : In fact democracy becomes mature only if citizens enjoy liberty.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
The Preamble guarantees the Indian citizens equality of status and of opportunity. Explain.
Answer:

• It means that all have equal human status and there will be no discrimination based on caste, creed, race, sex, place of birth, high or low status or superior-inferior.
• The Preamble has given great importance to equality of opportunity as well.
• Each one gets the opportunities for development without discrimination.

Answer the following concepts:

Question 1.
Constitution and Preamble
Answer:

• Our Constitution is the fundamental and the highest law of the land.
• There are definite aims or purposes in making any law.
• Basic provisions in the law are made, after clarifying these objectives.
• A systematic arrangement of all the aims and objectives of a law is the Preface to the law.
• The Preface to the Indian Constitution is called the ‘Preamble’. The Preamble sets out the objectives of our Constitution.

Question 2.
Republic and how is it different from Monarchy.
Answer:

• Along with being a democracy, we are a Republic. All public positions in a Republic are elected by the people.
• No public position is occupied on the basis of hereditary succession.
• The position like the President, the Prime Minister, the Governor, the Chief Minister, the , Mayor, the Sarpanch, etc. are public positions.
• Any Indian citizen fulfilling the prescribed age criterion can get himself/herself elected to any of these positions.

Question 3.
Fraternity
Answer:

• Fraternity implies a ‘we-feeling’ towards one another.
• It creates a feeling of empathy.
• People become more understanding towards each other’s problems and needs.

Explain the terms:

Question 1.
Justice
Answer:

• Justice implies removal of injustice and ensuring that everybody has the opportunity for progress.
• Establishing justice is adopting such policies that will promote public good.

Question 2.
Social Justice
Answer:

• There should be no discrimination among individuals on the basis of caste, creed, race, language, region, place of birth or sex.
• As human beings, all have the right to the same dignity and respect, the same status.

Question 3.
Economic Justice
Answer:

• Poverty leads to the evils of hunger, hunger -deaths or malnourishment.
• If poverty is to be eradicated, everyone should have the right to a source of livelihood so as to look after oneself and one’s family.
• Our Constitution has given this right to every citizen without any discrimination.

Question 4.
Political Justice
Answer:

• We have adopted universal adult franchise to enable equal participation in the running of the country.
• Accordingly, all citizens completing 18 years of age have the right to vote in elections.

Give reason:

Question 1.
India is a sovereign state.
Answer:

• India was ruled by Britain for a long period.
• The British rule ended on 15th August, 1947. Our country became independent and India became sovereign i.e a state not under the control of a foreign power.

Question 2.
India is a secular state.
Answer:

• In India, all religions are considered as equal.
• No one religion is considered to be a state religion. The citizens are free to follow their own religion. So, India is a secular state.

Question 3.
Freedom of thought and expression is the most fundamental freedom for an individual.
Answer:

• Freedom of thought and expression is the most fundamental freedom for an individual.
• Everyone is free to express their own views and opinions. A give-and-take of ideas enhances the spirit of cooperation and unity amongst us.
• Similarly, it also enables us to understand the various dimensions of any problem.

Question 4.
Promotions of fraternity has been included in the Preamble as a goal.
Answer:

• The makers of the Constitution believed that merely guaranteeing justice, freedom and equality would not lead to establishing equality in Indian society.
• No amount of laws would help us achieve these goals if fraternity is lacking among Indians.
• Hence the promotion of fraternity has been included in the Preamble as a goal.

Question 5.
Fraternity is closely related with human dignity.
Answer:

• Human dignity implies equal respect to each individual as a human being. .
• It does not depend upon the criteria of caste, creed, race, sex, language, etc.
• Just as we would like to be treated with dignity and respect by others, we should treat others with the same dignity and respect.
• When every individual respects another and honours their freedom and rights, dignity of the individual will get established.
• This will also develop fraternity, a ‘we-feeling’ towards one another.

7th Std Civics Questions And Answers:

• Introduction to Our Constitution Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers
• Preamble to the Constitution Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers
• Features of the Constitution Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers
• Fundamental Rights Part 1 Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers
• Fundamental Rights Part 2 Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers
• Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties Class 7 Civics Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 1.3 Algebra 10th Class Maths Part 1 Answers Solutions Chapter 1 Linear Equations in Two Variables.

10th Standard Maths 1 Practice Set 1.3 Chapter 1 Linear Equations in Two Variables Textbook Answers Maharashtra Board

Class 10 Maths Part 1 Practice Set 1.3 Chapter 1 Linear Equations in Two Variables Questions With Answers Maharashtra Board

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with correct number.
Solution:

Question 2.
Find the values of following determinants.

Solution:

Question 3.
Solve the following simultaneous equations using Cramer’s rule.
i. 3x – 4y = 10 ; 4x + 3y = 5
ii. 4x + 3y – 4 = 0 ; 6x = 8 – 5y
iii. x + 2y = -1 ; 2x – 3y = 12
iv. 6x – 4y = -12 ; 8x – 3y = -2
v. 4m + 6n = 54 ; 3m + 2n = 28
vi. 2x + 3y = 2 ; x – \(\frac { y }{ 2 } \) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
Solution:
i. The given simultaneous equations are 3x – 4y = 10 …(i)
4x + 3y = 5 …(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are in ax + by = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁x + b₁y = c₁ and a₂x + b₂y = c₂, we get
a₁ = 3, b₁ = -4, c₁ = 10 and
a₂ = 4, b₂ = 3, c₂ = 5

∴ (x, y) = (2, -1) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

ii. The given simultaneous equations are
4x + 3y – 4 = 0
∴ 4x + 3y = 4 …(i)
6x = 8 – 5y
∴ 6x + 5y = 8 …(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are in ax + by = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁x + b₁y = c₁ and a₂x + b₂y = c₂, we get
a₁ = 4, b₁ = 3, c₁ = 4 and
a₂ = 6, b₂ = 5, c₂ = 8

∴ (x, y) = (-2, 4) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

iii. The given simultaneous equations are
x + 2y = -1 …(i)
2x – 3y = 12 …(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are in ax + by = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁x + b₁y = C₁ and a₂x + b₂y = c₂, we get
a₁ = 1, b₁ = 2, c₁ = -1 and
a₂ = 2, b₂ = -3, c₂ = 12

∴ (x, y) = (3, -2) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

iv. The given simultaneous equations are
6x – 4y = -12
∴ 3x – 2y = -6 …(i) [Dividing both sides by 2]
8x – 3y = -2 …(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are in ax + by = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁x + b₁y = c₁ and a₂x + b₂y = c₂, we get
a₁ = 3, b₁ = -2, c₁ = -6 and
a₂ = 8, b₂ = -3, c₂ = -2

∴ (x, y) = (2, 6) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

v. The given simultaneous equations are
4m + 6n = 54
2m + 3n = 27 …(i) [Dividing both sides by 2]
3m + 2n = 28 …(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are in am + bn = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁m + b₁n = c₁ and a₂m + b₂n = c₂, we get
a₁ = 2, b₁ = 3, c₁ = 27 and
a₂ = 3, b₂ = 2, c₂ = 28


∴ (m, n) = (6, 5) is the solution of the given simultaneous equations.

vi. The given simultaneous equations are
2x + 3y = 2 …(i)
x = \(\frac { y }{ 2 } \) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
∴ 2x – y = 1 …(ii) [Multiplying both sides by 2]
Equations (i) and (ii) are in ax + by = c form.
Comparing the given equations with
a₁x + b₁y = c₁ and a₂x + b₂y = c₂, we get
a₁ = 2, b₁ = 3, c₁ = 2 and
a₂ = 2, b₂ = -1, c₂ = 1

Question 1.
To solve the simultaneous equations by determinant method, fill in the blanks,
y + 2x – 19 = 0; 2x – 3y + 3 = 0 (Textbookpg.no. 14)
Solution:
Write the given equations in the form
ax + by = c.
2x + y = 19
2x – 3y = -3

Question 2.
Complete the following activity. (Textbook pg. no. 15)
Solution:

Question 3.
What is the nature of solution if D = 0? (Textbook pg. no. 16)
Solution:
If D = 0, i.e. a₁b₂ – b₁a₂ = 0, then the two simultaneous equations do not have a unique solution.
Examples:
i. 2x – 4y = 8 and x – 2y = 4
Here, a₁b₂ – b₁a₂ = (2)(-2) – (-4) (1)
= -4 + 4 = 0
Graphically, we can check that these two lines coincide and hence will have infinite solutions.

ii. 2x – y = -1 and 2x – y = -4
Here, a₁ b₂ – b₁ a₂ = (2)(-1) – (-1) (2)
= -2 + 2 = 0
Graphically, we can check that these two lines are parallel and hence they do not have a solution.

Question 4.
What can you say about lines if common solution is not possible? (Textbook pg. no. 16)
Answer:
If the common solution is not possible, then the lines will either coincide or will be parallel to each other.

Class 10 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 1.1 Class 10 Answers
• Practice Set 1.2 Class 10 Answers
• Practice Set 1.3 Class 10 Answers
• Practice Set 1.4 Class 10 Answers
• Practice Set 1.5 Class 10 Answers
• Problem Set 1. Class 10 Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 9.2 8th Std Maths Answers Solutions Chapter 9 Discount and Commission.

Discount and Commission Class 8 Maths Chapter 9 Practice Set 9.2 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 8 Maths Practice Set 9.2 Chapter 9 Solutions Answers

Question 1.
John sold books worth Rs 4500 for a publisher. For this he received 15% commission. Complete the following activity to find the total commission John obtained.
Solution:
Selling price of the books = Rs 4500
Rate of commission = 15%
Commission obtained = 15% of selling price
\(=\frac{[15]}{[100]} \times[4500]\)
= 15 × 45
∴ Commission obtained = 675 Rupees.
∴ The total commission obtained by John is Rs 675.

Question 2.
Rafique sold flowers worth Rs 15,000 by giving 4% commission to the agent. Find the commission he paid. Find the amount received by Rafique.
Solution:
Here, selling price of flowers = Rs 15,000,
Rate of commission = 4%
i. Commission = 4% of selling price
= \(\frac { 4 }{ 100 }\) × 15,000
= 4 x 150
∴ Commission = Rs 600

ii. Amount received by Rafique = selling price – commission
= 15,000 – 600
= Rs 14,400
∴ Rafique paid Rs 600 as commission and the amount received by him was Rs 14,400.

Question 3.
A farmer sold food grains for Rs 9200 through an agent. The rate of commission was 2%. How much amount did the agent get ?
Solution:
Here, selling price of food grains = Rs 9200,
Rate of commission = 2%
Commission = 2% of selling price
= \(\frac { 2 }{ 100 }\) × 9200
= 2 × 92
= Rs 184
∴ The agent got a commission of Rs 184.

Question 4.
Umatai purchased following items from a Khadi – Bhandar.
i. 3 sarees for Rs 560 each.
ii. 6 bottles of honey for Rs 90 each.
On the purchase, she received a rebate of 12%. How much total amount did Umatai pay?
Solution:
Here, number of sarees = 3,
Price of each saree = Rs 560
∴ Cost of 3 sarees = 560 × 3
= Rs 1680 …(i)
Also, number of honey bottles = 6,
Price of each bottle = Rs 90
∴ Cost of 6 honey bottles = 90 × 6
= Rs 540
Total amount of purchase
= cost of 3 sarees + cost of 6 honey bottles
= 1680 + 540 … [From (i) and (ii)]
= Rs 2220 …(iii)
Rate of rebate = 12%
Rebate = 12% of total amount of purchase
= \(\frac { 12 }{ 100 }\) × 2220
= 12 × 22.20
= Rs 266.40 ..(iv)
Amount paid by Umatai
= Total amount of purchase – Rebate
= 2,220 – 266.40 … [From (iii) and (iv)]
= Rs 1953.60
∴ The total amount paid by Umatai is Rs 1953.60.

Question 5.
Use the given information and fill in the boxes with suitable numbers.
Smt. Deepanjali purchased a house for Rs 7,50,000 from Smt. Leelaben through an agent. Agent has charged 2 % brokerage from both of them.
Solution:
i. Smt. Deepanjali paid 7,50,000 × \(\frac { 2 }{ 100 }\)
= 7,500 × 2 = Rs 15,000 brokerage for purchasing the house.

ii. Smt. Leelaben paid brokerage of Rs 15,000

iii. Total brokerage received by the agent is = 15,000 + 15,000 = Rs 30,000

iv. The cost of house Smt. Deepanjali paid is = 7,50,000 + 15,000 = Rs 7,65,000

v. The selling price of house for Smt.Leelaben is = 7,50,000 – 15,000
= Rs 7,35,000

Std 8 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 8.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.3 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.2 Class 8 Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 8.3 8th Std Maths Answers Solutions Chapter 8 Quadrilateral: Constructions and Types.

Quadrilateral: Constructions and Types Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Practice Set 8.3 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 8 Maths Practice Set 8.3 Chapter 8 Solutions Answers

Question 1.
Measures of opposite angles of a parallelogram are (3x – 2)° and (50 – x)°. Find the measure of its each angle.
Solution:
Let ₹PQRS be the parallelogram.
m∠Q = (3x – 2)° and m∠S = (50 – x)°

m∠Q = m∠S
…..(i)
[Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent]
∴ 3x – 2 = 50 – x
∴ 3x + x = 50 + 2
∴ 4x = 52
∴ x = \(\frac { 52 }{ 4 }\)
∴ x = 13
Now, m∠Q = (3x – 2)°
= (3 x 13 – 2)° = (39 – 2)° = 37°
∴ m∠S = m∠Q = 37° …[From(i)]
m∠P + m∠Q = 180°
….[Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary]
∴ m∠P + 37° = 180°
∴ m∠P = 180° – 37° = 143°
∴ m∠R = m∠P = 143°
…..[Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent]
∴ The measures of the angles of the parallelogram are 37°, 143°, 37° and 143°.

Question 2.
Referring the given figure of a parallelogram, write the answers of questions given below.
i. If l(WZ) = 4.5 cm, then l(XY) = ?
ii. If l(YZ) = 8.2 cm, then l(XW) = ?
iii. If l(OX) = 2.5 cm, then l(OZ) = ?
iv. If l(WO) = 3.3 cm, then l(WY) = ?
v. If m∠WZY = 120°, then m∠WXY = ? and m∠XWZ = ?

Solution:
i. l(WZ) = 4.5 cm … [Given]
l(X Y) = l(WZ) ….[Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congrument ]
∴ l(X Y) = 4.5cm

ii. l(YZ) = 8.2 cm …[Given]
l(XW) = l(YZ)
…[Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent]
∴ l(XW) = 8.2cm … [Given]

iii. l(OX) = 2.5 cm …[Given]
l(OZ) = l(OX)
….[Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other]
∴ l(OZ) = 2.5cm

iv. l(WO) = 3.3 cm … [Given]
l(WO) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) l(WY)
….[Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other]
∴ 3.3 = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) l(WY)
∴ 3.3 x 2 = l(WY)
∴ l(WY) = 6.6cm

v. m∠WZY =120° … [Given]
m∠WXY = m∠WZY
…..[Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congrument]
∴ m∠WXY = 120° …(i)
m∠XWZ + m∠WXY = 180°
….[Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary]
∴ m∠XWZ + 120° = 180° … [From (i)]
∴ m∠XWZ = 180°- 120°
∴ m∠XWZ = 60°

Question 3.
Construct a parallelogram ABCD such that l(BC) = 7 cm, m∠ABC = 40°, l(AB) = 3 cm
Solution:

Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.
∴ l(AB) = l(CD) = 3cm
l(BC) = l(AD) = 7 cm

Question 4.
Ratio of consecutive angles of a quadrilateral is 1 : 2 : 3 : 4. Find the measure of its each angle. Write with reason, what type of a quadrilateral it is.
Solution:
Let ₹PQRS be the quadrilateral.
Ratio of consecutive angles of a quadrilateral is 1 : 2 : 3 : 4.
Let the common multiple be x.
∴m∠P = x°, m∠Q = 2x°, m∠R = 3x° and m∠S = 4x°
In ₹PQRS,
m∠P + m∠Q + m∠R + m∠S = 360°
…[Sum of the measures of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360°]
∴x° + 2x° + 3x° + 4x° = 360°
∴10 x° = 360°
∴x° = \(\frac { 360 }{ 10 }\)
∴x° = 36°
∴m∠P = x° = 36°

m∠Q = 2x° = 2 × 36° = 72°
m∠R = 3x° = 3 × 36° = 108° and
m∠S = 4x° = 4 × 36° = 144°
∴The measures of the angles of the quadrilateral are 36°, 72°, 108°, 144°.
Here, m∠P + m∠S = 36° + 144° = 180°
Since, interior angles are supplementary,
∴side PQ || side SR
m∠P + m∠Q = 36° + 72° = 108° ≠ 180°
∴side PS is not parallel to side QR.
Since, one pair of opposite sides of the given quadrilateral is parallel.
∴The given quadrilateral is a trapezium.

Question 5.
Construct ₹BARC such that
l(BA) = l(BC) = 4.2 cm, l(AC) = 6.0 cm, l(AR) = l(CR) = 5.6 cm
Solution:

Question 6.
Construct ₹PQRS, such that l(PQ) = 3.5 cm, l(QR) = 5.6 cm, l(RS) = 3.5 cm, m∠Q = 110°, m∠R = 70°. If it is given that ₹PQRS is a parallelogram, which of the given information is unnecessary?
Solution:

1. Since, the opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.
   ∴ Either l(PQ) or l(SR) is required.
2. To construct a parallelogram lengths of adjacent sides and measure of one angle is required.
   ∴ Either l(PQ) and m∠Q or l(SR) and m∠R is the unnecessary information given in the question.

Maharashtra Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Quadrilateral: Constructions and Types Practice Set 8.3 Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1.
Draw a parallelogram PQRS. Take two rulers of different widths, place one ruler horizontally and draw lines along its edges. Now place the other ruler in slant position over the lines drawn and draw lines along its edges. We get a parallelogram. Draw the diagonals of it and name the point of intersection as T.

1. Measure the opposite angles of the parallelogram.
2. Measure the lengths of opposite sides.
3. Measure the lengths of diagonals.
4. Measure the lengths of parts of the diagonals made by point T. (Textbook pg. no. 47)

Solution:
[Students should attempt the above activities on their own.]

Question 2.
In the given figure of ₹ABCD, verify with a divider that seg AB ≅ seg CB and seg AD ≅ seg CD. Similarly measure ∠BAD and ∠BCD and verify that they are congruent. (Textbook pg. no. 48)

Solution:
[Students should attempt the above activities on their own.]

Std 8 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 8.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.3 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.2 Class 8 Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 7.3 8th Std Maths Answers Solutions Chapter 7 Variation.

Variation Class 8 Maths Chapter 7 Practice Set 7.3 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 8 Maths Practice Set 7.3 Chapter 7 Solutions Answers

Question 1.
Which of the following statements are of inverse variation?
i. Number of workers on a job and time taken by them to complete the job.
ii. Number of pipes of same size to fill a tank and the time taken by them to fill the tank.
iii. Petrol filled in the tank of a vehicle and its cost.
iv. Area of circle and its radius.
Solution:
i. Let, x represent number of workers on a job, and y represent time taken by workers to complete the job.
As the number of workers increases, the time required to complete the job decreases.
∴ \(x \propto \frac{1}{y}\)

ii. Let, n represent number of pipes of same size to fill a tank and t represent time taken by the pipes to fill the tank.
As the number of pipes increases, the time required to fill the tank decreases.
∴ \(\mathrm{n} \propto \frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}\)

iii. Let, p represent the quantity of petrol filled in a tank and c represent the cost of the petrol.
As the quantity of petrol in the tank increases, its cost increases.
∴ p ∝ c

iv. Let, A represent the area of the circle and r represent its radius.
As the area of circle increases, its radius increases.
∴ A ∝ r
∴ Statements (i) and (ii) are examples of inverse variation.

Question 2.
If 15 workers can build a wall in 48 hours, how many workers will be required to do the same work in 30 hours?
Solution:
Let, n represent the number of workers building the wall and t represent the time required.
Since, the number of workers varies inversely with the time required to build the wall.
∴ \(\mathrm{n} \propto \frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}\)
∴ \(\mathrm{n}=\mathrm{k} \times \frac{1}{\mathrm{t}}\)
where k is the constant of variation
∴ n × t = k …(i)
15 workers can build a wall in 48 hours,
i.e., when n = 15, t = 48
∴ Substituting n = 15 and t = 48 in (i), we get
n × t = k
∴ 15 × 48 = k
∴ k = 720
Substituting k = 720 in (i), we get
n × t = k
∴ n × t = 720 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
Now, we have to find number of workers required to do the same work in 30 hours.
i.e., when t = 30, n = ?
∴ Substituting t = 30 in (ii), we get
n × t = 720
∴ n × 30 = 720
∴ n = \(\frac { 720 }{ 30 }\)
∴ n = 24
∴ 24 workers will be required to build the wall in 30 hours.

Question 3.
120 bags of half litre milk can be filled by a machine within 3 minutes find the time to fill such 1800 bags?
Solution:
Let b represent the number of bags of half litre milk and t represent the time required to fill the bags.
Since, the number of bags and time required to fill the bags varies directly.
∴ b ∝ t
∴ b = kt …(i)
where k is the constant of variation.
Since, 120 bags can be filled in 3 minutes
i.e., when b = 120, t = 3
∴ Substituting b = 120 and t = 3 in (i), we get
b = kt
∴ 120 = k × 3
∴ k = \(\frac { 120 }{ 3 }\)
∴ k = 40
Substituting k = 40 in (i), we get
b = kt
∴ b = 40 t …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
Now, we have to find time required to fill 1800 bags
∴ Substituting b = 1800 in (ii), we get
b = 40 t
∴ 1800 = 40 t
∴ t = \(\frac { 1800 }{ 40 }\)
∴ t = 45
∴ 1800 bags of half litre milk can be filled by the machine in 45 minutes.

Question 4.
A car with speed 60 km/hr takes 8 hours to travel some distance. What should be the increase in the speed if the same distance is
to be covered in \(7\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) hours?
Solution:
Let v represent the speed of car in km/hr and t represent the time required.
Since, speed of a car varies inversely as the time required to cover a distance.
∴ \(v \propto \frac{1}{t}\)
∴ \(\mathbf{v}=\mathbf{k} \times \frac{1}{\mathbf{t}}\)
where, k is the constant of variation.
∴ v × t = k …(i)
Since, a car with speed 60 km/hr takes 8 hours to travel some distance.
i.e., when v = 60, t = 8
∴ Substituting v = 60 and t = 8 in (i), we get
v × t = k
∴ 60 × 8 = t
∴ k = 480
Substituting k = 480 in (i), we get
v × t = k
∴ v × t = 480 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
Now, we have to find speed of car if the same distance is to be covered in \(7\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) hours.
i.e., when t = \(7\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) = 7.5 , v = ?
∴ Substituting, t = 7.5 in (ii), we get
v × t = 480
∴ v × 7.5 = 480
\(v=\frac{480}{7.5}=\frac{4800}{75}\)
∴ v = 64
The speed of vehicle should be 64 km/hr to cover the same distance in 7.5 hours.
∴ The increase in speed = 64 – 60
= 4km/hr
∴ The increase in speed of the car is 4 km/hr.

Std 8 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 6.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.3 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.4 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.3 Class 8 Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 7.2 8th Std Maths Answers Solutions Chapter 7 Variation.

Variation Class 8 Maths Chapter 7 Practice Set 7.2 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 8 Maths Practice Set 7.2 Chapter 7 Solutions Answers

Question 1.
The information about number of workers and number of days to complete a work is given in the following table. Complete the table.

Number of workers	30	20	__	10	__
Days	6	9	12		36

Solution:
Let, n represent the number of workers and d represent the number of days required to complete a work.
Since, number of workers and number of days to complete a work are in inverse poportion.
∴ \(\mathbf{n} \propto \frac{1}{\mathrm{d}}\)
∴ \(\mathrm{n}=\mathrm{k} \times \frac{1}{\mathrm{d}}\)
where k is the constant of variation.
∴ n × d = k …(i)

i. When n = 30, d = 6
∴ Substituting n = 30 and d = 6 in (i), we get
n × d = k
∴ 30 × 6 = k
∴ k = 180
Substituting k = 180 in (i), we get
∴ n × d = k
∴ n × d = 180 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation

ii. When d = 12, n = 7
∴ Substituting d = 12 in (ii), we get
n × d = 180
∴ n × 12 = 180
∴ n = \(\frac { 180 }{ 12 }\)
∴ n = 15

iii. When n = 10, d = ?
∴ Substituting n = 10 in (ii), we get
n × d = 180
10 × d = 180
∴ d = \(\frac { 180 }{ 10 }\)
∴ d = 18

iv. When d = 36, n = ?
∴ Substituting d = 36 in (ii), we get
n × d = 180
∴ n × 36 = 180
∴ n = \(\frac { 180 }{ 36 }\)
∴ n = 5

Number of workers	30	20	15	10	5
Days	6	9	12	18	36

Question 2.
Find constant of variation and write equation of variation for every example given below:
i. \(p \propto \frac{1}{q}\) ; if p = 15 then q = 4.
ii. \(z \propto \frac{1}{w}\) ; when z = 2.5 then w = 24.
iii. \(s \propto \frac{1}{t^{2}}\) ; if s = 4 then t = 5.
iv. \(x \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\) ; if x = 15 then y = 9.
Solution:
i. \(p \propto \frac{1}{q}\) …[Given]
∴ p = k × \(\frac { 1 }{ q }\)
where, k is the constant of variation.
∴ p × q = k …(i)
When p = 15, q = 4
∴ Substituting p = 15 and q = 4 in (i), we get
p × q = k
∴ 15 × 4 = k
∴ k = 60
Substituting k = 60 in (i), we get
p × q = k
∴ p × q = 60
This is the equation of variation.
∴ The constant of variation is 60 and the equation of variation is pq = 60.

ii. \(z \propto \frac{1}{w}\) …[Given]
∴ z = k × \(\frac { 1 }{ w }\)
where, k is the constant of variation,
∴ z × w = k …(i)
When z = 2.5, w = 24
∴ Substituting z = 2.5 and w = 24 in (i), we get
z × w = k
∴ 2.5 × 24 = k
∴ k = 60
Substituting k = 60 in (i), we get
z × w = k
∴ z × w = 60
This is the equation of variation.
∴ The constant of variation is 60 and the equation of variation is zw = 60.

iii. \(s \propto \frac{1}{t^{2}}\) …[Given]
∴ \(s=k \times \frac{1}{t^{2}}\)
where, k is the constant of variation,
∴ s × t² = k …(i)
When s = 4, t = 5
∴ Substituting, s = 4 and t = 5 in (i), we get
s × t² = k
∴ 4 × (5)² = k
∴ k = 4 × 25
∴ k = 100
Substituting k = 100 in (i), we get
s × t² = k
∴ s × t² = 100
This is the equation of variation.
∴ The constant of variation is 100 and the equation of variation is st² = 100.

iv. \(x \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\) …[Given]
∴ \(x=\mathrm{k} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
where, k is the constant of variation,
∴ x × √y = k …(i)
When x = 15, y = 9
∴ Substituting x = 15 and y = 9 in (i), we get
x × √y = k
∴ 15 × √9 = k
∴ k = 15 × 3
∴ k = 45
Substituting k = 45 in (i), we get
x × √y = k
∴ x × √y = 45 .
This is the equation of variation.
∴ The constant of variation is k = 45 and the equation of variation is x√y = 45.

Question 3.
The boxes are to be filled with apples in a heap. If 24 apples are put in a box then 27 boxes are needed. If 36 apples are filled in a box how many boxes will be needed?
Solution:
Let x represent the number of apples in each box and y represent the total number of boxes required.
The number of apples in each box are varying inversely with the total number of boxes.
∴ \(x \infty \frac{1}{y}\)
∴ \(x=k \times \frac{1}{y}\)
where, k is the constant of variation,
∴ x × y = k …(i)
If 24 apples are put in a box then 27 boxes are needed.
i.e., when x = 24, y = 27
∴ Substituting x = 24 and y = 27 in (i), we get
x × y = k
∴ 24 × 27 = k
∴ k = 648
Substituting k = 648 in (i), we get
x × y = k
∴ x × y = 648 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
Now, we have to find number of boxes needed
when, 36 apples are filled in each box.
i.e., when x = 36,y = ?
∴ Substituting x = 36 in (ii), we get
x × y = 648
∴ 36 × y = 648
∴ y = \(\frac { 648 }{ 36 }\)
∴ y = 18
∴ If 36 apples are filled in a box then 18 boxes are required.

Question 4.
Write the following statements using symbol of variation.

1. The wavelength of sound (l) and its frequency (f) are in inverse variation.
2. The intensity (I) of light varies inversely with the square of the distance (d) of a screen from the lamp.

Solution:

1. \(l \propto \frac{1}{\mathrm{f}}\)
2. \(\mathrm{I} \propto \frac{1}{\mathrm{d}^{2}}\)

Question 5.
\(x \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\) and when x = 40 then y = 16. If x = 10, find y.
Solution:
\(x \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
∴ \(x=\mathrm{k} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
where, k is the constant of variation.
∴ x × √y = k …(i)
When x = 40, y = 16
∴ Substituting x = 40 andy = 16 in (i), we get
x × √y = k
∴ 40 × √16 = k
∴ k = 40 × 4
∴ k = 160
Substituting k = 160 in (i), we get
x × √y = k
∴ x × √y = 160 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
When x = 10,y = ?
∴ Substituting, x = 10 in (ii), we get
x × √y = 160
∴ 10 × √y = 160
∴ √y = \(\frac { 160 }{ 10 }\)
∴ √y = 16
∴ y = 256 … [Squaring both sides]

Question 6.
x varies inversely as y, when x = 15 then y = 10, if x = 20, then y = ?
Solution:
Given that,
\(x \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
∴ \(x=\mathrm{k} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)
where, k is the constant of variation.
∴ x × y = k …(i)
When x = 15, y = 10
∴ Substituting, x = 15 and y = 10 in (i), we get
x × y = k
∴ 15 × 10 = k
∴ k = 150
Substituting, k = 150 in (i), we get
x × y = k
∴ x × y = 150 …(ii)
This is the equation of variation.
When x = 20, y = ?
∴ substituting x = 20 in (ii), we get
x × y = 150
∴ 20 × y = 150
∴ y = \(\frac { 150 }{ 20 }\)
∴ y = 7.5

Std 8 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 6.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.3 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 6.4 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 7.3 Class 8 Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 9.1 8th Std Maths Answers Solutions Chapter 9 Discount and Commission.

Discount and Commission Class 8 Maths Chapter 9 Practice Set 9.1 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 8 Maths Practice Set 9.1 Chapter 9 Solutions Answers

8th Standard Maths Practice Set 9.1 Question 1. If marked price = Rs 1700, selling price = Rs 1540, then find the discount.
Solution:
Here, Marked price = Rs 1700,
selling price = Rs 1540
Selling price = Marked price – Discount
∴ 1540 = 1700 – Discount
∴ Discount = 1700 – 1540
= Rs 160
∴ The amount of discount is Rs 160.

Discount and Commission Practice Set 9.1 Question 2. If marked price Rs 990 and percentage of discount is 10, then find the selling price.
Solution:
Here, marked price = Rs 990,
discount = 10%
Let the percentage of discount be x
∴ x = 10%
i. Discount

= Rs 99

ii. Selling price = Marked price – Discount
= 990 – 99
= Rs 891
∴ The selling price is Rs 891.

Practice Set 9.1 Question 3. If selling price Rs 900, discount is 20%, then find the marked price.
Solution:
Here, selling price = Rs 900, discount = 20%
Let the marked price be Rs 100
Since, the discount given = 20%
∴ Amount of discount = Rs 20
∴ Selling price = 100 – 20 – Rs 80
Let actual marked price be Rs x
∴ For marked price of Rs x, selling price is Rs 900
\(\frac{80}{100}=\frac{900}{x}\)
∴ 80 × x = 100 × 900
∴ \(x=\frac{100 \times 900}{80}\)
∴ x = Rs 1125
∴ The marked price is Rs 1125.

Discount and Commission Std 8 Question 4. The marked price of the fan is Rs 3000. Shopkeeper gave 12% discount on it. Find the total discount and selling price of the fan.
Solution:
Here, Marked price = Rs 3000, discount = 12%
Let the percentage of discount be x.
∴ x = 12%
i. Discount

= 30 × 12
= Rs 360

ii. Selling price = Marked price – Discount
= 3000 – 360
= Rs 2640
∴ The total discount is Rs 360 and the selling price of the fan is Rs 2640.

Discount and Commission 8th Standard Question 5. The marked price of a mixer is Rs 2300. A customer purchased it for Rs 1955. Find percentage of discount offered to the customer.
Solution:
Here, marked price = Rs 2300,
selling price = Rs 1955
i. Selling price = Marked price – Discount
∴ 1955 = 2300 – Discount
∴ Discount = 2300 – 1955
= Rs 345

ii. Let the percentage of discount be x


∴ x = 15%
∴ The percentage of discount offered to the customer is 15%.

Question 6.
A shopkeeper gives 11% discount on a television set, hence the cost price of it is Rs 22,250. Then find the marked price of the television set.
Solution:
Here, selling price = Rs 22,250, discount = 11%
Let marked price be Rs 100
Since, the discount given = 11%
∴ Amount of discount = Rs 11
∴ Selling price = 100 – 11 = Rs 89
∴ Let actual marked price be Rs x
∴ For marked price of Rs x, selling price is Rs 22,250

∴ x = Rs 25,000
∴ The marked price of the television set is Rs 25,000.

8th Std Maths Discount and Commission Question 7. After offering discount of 10% on marked price, a customer gets total discount of Rs 17. To find the cost price for the customer, fill in the following boxes with appropriate numbers and complete the activity.
Solution:
Suppose, marked price of the item = 100 rupees Therefore, for customer that item costs 100 – 10 = 90 rupees.
Hence, when the discount is [10] then the selling price is [90] rupees.
Suppose when the discount is [17] rupees, the selling price is x rupees.

∴ The customer will get the item for Rs 153.

Question 8.
A shopkeeper decides to sell a certain item at a certain price. He tags the price on the item by increasing the decided price by 25%. While selling the item, he offers 20% discount. Find how many more or less percent he gets on the decided price.
Solution:
Here, price increase = 25%,
discount offered = 20%
Let the decided price be Rs 100
∴ Increase in price = Rs 25
∴ Shopkeeper marks the price = 100 + 25
= Rs 125
∴ marked price = Rs 125
Let the percentage of discount be x
∴ x = 20%

∴ Selling price = Marked price – Discount
= 125 – 25
= Rs 100
∴ If the decided price is Rs 100, then shopkeeper gets Rs 100.
∴ The shopkeeper gets neither more nor less than the decided price i.e. he gets 0% more / less.

Maharashtra Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 9 Discount and Commission Practice Set 9.1 Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1.
Write the appropriate numbers in the following boxes. (Textbook pg. no. 51)

1. \(\frac { 12 }{ 100 }=\) __ percent = __%
2. 47% = __
3. 86% = __
4. 4% of 300 = 300 × __ = __
5. 15% of 1700 = 1700 × __= __

Solution:

1. \(\frac { 12 }{ 100 }=\) 12 percent = 12%
2. 47% = \(\frac { 47 }{ 100 }\)
3. 86% = \(\frac { 86 }{ 100 }\)
4. 4% of 300 = 300 × \(\frac { 4 }{ 100 }\) = 12
5. 15% of 1700 = 1700 × \(\frac { 15 }{ 100 }\) = 255

Question 2.
You may have seen advertisements like ‘Monsoon Sale’, ‘Stock Clearance Sale’ etc offering different discount. In such a sale, a discount is offered on various goods. Generally in the month of July, sales of clothes are declared. Find and discuss the purpose of such sales. (Textbook pg. no. 51)
Solution:
(Students should attempt the above activity on their own)

Maharashtra Board Class 8 Maths Solutions

Std 8 Maths Digest

• Practice Set 8.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 8.3 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 9.2 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.1 Class 8 Answers
• Practice Set 10.2 Class 8 Answers