Class 10

Class 10 English Chapter 4.1 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

The World is Mine Poem 10th Std Question Answer

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. Form groups and discuss the following turn by turn:

Question (a)
What do you often, complain to your parents/eiders about?
Answer:
We often complain to our parents/elders about the things that we don’t have.

Question (b)
Name some of the things, you have in your possession, which your younger brother/sister does not have.
Answer:
I have my mobile, bank account, sports shoes but my younger brother does not have them.

Question (c)
Name one thing that, at present, you are craving to possess, most of all.
Answer:
At present, I am craving most of all, to possess my own laptop.

Question (d)
Read the translated Arabic proverb given below and discuss what it means to convey –
‘I complained that I had no shoes, until I met a man who had no feet’.
Answer:
The translated Arabic proverb means to convey that I am unhappy because I haven’t got shoes but when I saw a man who had no feet, I felt very happy that God has gifted me with feet.

2. Read the poem below and fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate words given in the brackets, to make it meaningful. Also suggest a title of your own:

Question 1.
Read the poem below and fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate words given in the brackets, to make it meaningful. Also suggest a title of your own: (hours/fall/flowers/at all/ birthday /years/tears/ shadows)
– Count your garden by the …………….
Never by the lea ves that …………….
Count your days by golden …………..
Don remember clouds ………………

– Count your nights by stars, not ……………
Count your life with smiles, not ……………
And with joy. on evely ……………
Count your age by friends not …………..
Answer:
Title: Think positive Be happy!
Count your garden by the flowers
Never by the leaves that fall
Count your days by golden hours
Don’t remember clouds at all

Count your nights by stars, not shadows
Count your life with smiles, not tears
And with joy, on every birthday
Count your age by friends not years.

3. Fill in the table on your own:

Question 1.
Fill in the table on your own:

Answer:

What makes me extremely happy?	What makes me extremely sad?
1. If someone praises me.	1. If I do not get things that I like.
2. When I get gift from others.	2. If someone blames me unnecessarily.
3. Going for outing/ picnic.	3. When my parents or teachers shout at me.
4. When I go out for shopping.	4. When someone dear to me dies.

4. Make the world a happy place by changing negative things into positive ones.

Question 1.
Make the world a happy place by changing negative things into positive ones.

Answer:

Sad world	Happy world
1. hatred	1. love
2. injustice	2. justice
3. poverty	3. richness
4. intolerance	4. tolerance
5. selfishness	5. unselfishness/selflessness
6. fear	6. confidence/fearlessness
7. jealousy	7. admiration/appreciations
8. enmity	8. friendship
9. differences	9. unity
10. unrest	10. peace
11. dirt	11. purity/cleanliness
12. sorrow	12. happiness/joy

English Workshop:
(Based on full Poem)

1. Complete the following, after reading the poem.

Question 1.
Complete the following, after reading the poem.
(a) The poet saw a lovely girl hobble down ………….. .
(b) The poet wanted to buy from the lad …………… .
(c) The poet told the boy to join others to play but he couldn’t …………… .
(d) The poet requests …………… to forgive him.
Answer:
The poet met a lovely girl on a bus.
The poet wanted to buy from the lad some sweets.
The poet told the boy to join the others to play but he couldn’t hear.
The poet requests God to forgive him.

2. Match the following.

Question 1.
Match the following.

Answer:
(a) A beautiful girl……. – had one leg and used a crutch.
(b) The lad who was selling candies……….. – was blind
(c) The child who was watching the others play…. – could not hear the poet.
(d) The poet says that the world is mine because…. – by the grace of God he can experience this beautiful Torld

3. What does the poet mean when she says ‘The world is mine?’ Explain the importance of the title with reference to the poem.

Question 1.
What does the poet mean when she says ‘The world is mine?’ Explain the importance of the title with reference to the poem.
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
Answer:
The poet means to say that we must count our blessings and be grateful for the good things in our life rather than complaining about the things which we think we lack. By the end of every stanza the poet says that she is grateful to God for giving her everything in the world she wants in life. So the title of the poem is appropriate with reference to the poem. It gives the gist of the poem, ‘Contentment is happiness’.

4. Answer in your own words:

Question (a)
What is the theme of the poem?
Answer:
The Central Idea of the poem is that you must count your blessings (=to be grateful for the good things in your life) rather than complain about the things which you think, you lack. When you are thankful to God for all the good things you are endowed with, then the world and its joys are yours. Then you cherish the things which you often take for granted and find no reason for complaining.

Question (b)
Do you think people with some handicap should beg for money? Justify your response.
Answer:
People with some handicap should not beg for money because God gifts them something extraordinary with which they can earn their bread and butter. Working even in hard conditions is better than begging. The handicapped can utilize some of their gifted qualities for living normal life, not very different from the rest.

Question (c)
What is better?
(i) To completely take over the work and responsibility of a disabled person in order to help
(OR)
(ii) Encourage such a person to do it himself/ herself in a different way. Justify your choice.
Answer:
It is better that we should encourage a disabled person to do something in his/her life. Besides his/her handicap, God blesses him/her with extraordinary power with which he/she can work and earn money and respect in their lives. To completely take over the responsibility of a disabled  person in order to help will make him/her dependent all his/her life and he/she will live helpless and ; disgraceful life throughout.

5. Make a list of pairs of rhyming words from the extract.

Question (a)
Make a list of pairs of rhyming words from the extract.
For example, whine – mine, …………., …………….
Answer:

1. hair – fair
2. charm – harm
3. kind – blind.

Question (b)
The Rhyme scheme of the first two stanzas is ………….
Answer:
1. aabcc (first stanza)
2. abbccdd (second stanza)

6. Pick out from the poem lines which contain the following figures of speech:

Question 1.
Pick out from the poem lines which contain the following figures of speech:
(a) Inversion ………………………………………….
Answer:
Today, upon a bus, I saw a very beautiful girl.
The correct order of the sentence would be
I saw a very beautiful girl upon a bus today.

(b) Interrogation ………………………………………
Answer:
I stopped a moment, then I said, “Why don’t you join the others dear? ”.

(c) Onomatopoeia ………………………………………
Answer:
O’ God, forgive me when I whine.

(d) Apostrophe ……………………………………………
Answer:
O God, forgive me when I whine.

7. Pick out 4 lines that contain imagery:

Question 1.
Pick out 4 lines that contain imagery:
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
(c) ………………………………………..
(d) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) I saw lovely girl with silken hair. I saw her hobble down the aisle.
(b) I saw a child with eyes of blue.
(c) With eyes to see the sunset’s glow.
(d) With ears to hear what I would know.

8. Among your classmates, one is lame, the second one can’t hear properly and the third one can’t see this beautiful world. All of them are facing lots of difficulties in life. Compose a dialogue among them, about the problems and difficulties faced by them. You ; can take help of the following dialogue to expand your ideas:

Question 1.
Among your classmates, one is lame, the second one can’t hear properly and the third one can’t see this beautiful world. All of them are facing lots of difficulties in life. Compose a dialogue among them, about the problems and difficulties faced by them. You ; can take help of the following dialogue to expand your ideas:
Student 1: Do you know, how many problems I have to face when I decide to go anywhere?
Student 2: I can’t hear anything.
Student 3: So, sad! You both can’t walk or hear but my problem is more serious than yours. You know, I can’t see this beautiful world. (Now continue in your notebook.)
Answer:
Title: Helping each other wins through your problems

1. Raj: Do you know, how many problems I (a lame) have to face when I decide to go anywhere?
2. Sanju: Yes, I can understand but at least you (a deaf) can hear, I can’t hear anything.
3. Amit: So, sad! You both can’t walk or hear (a blind) but my problem is more serious than yours. You know, I can’t see this beautiful world.
4. Sanju: No dear, I can’t hear but I can walk.
5. Raj: But I can’t walk like you. But I can I hear and speak.
6. Amit: See, all of us lack something in our life. If we come together, we will be of great help to each other.
7. Raj: You are absolutely right. If Sanju and you take me on your back I will describe this beautiful world to you.
8. Sanju: You are right, my dear. I am strong enough to carry you but how can I hear what you say?
9. Amit: Don’t be disappointed. Raj can speak and see this beautiful world. I am good at using of my hands and facial emotions. Don’t worry, you can understand what we mean to say by our expressions and gestures.
10. Raj: That’s good. If we help each other, we can understand what our teachers teach and our friends say.
11. Sanju: I can see and I am strong enough to face difficulties in our life. If you are ready to become my ‘ears’ I will definitely help you.
12. Amit: Of course. You both are my two eyes and I can see this beautiful world through your eyes.
13. Raj: Thanks both of you for being my two legs. Now I think we will not face any difficulty in our life, if we come together and live together.
14. Sanju: Absolutely right! Let’s come together and Amit and make our life easy, enjoyable, smooth, secure and favourable.

9. Develop/Complete the story in your own words and try to end it with a related moral/proverb. Suggest a title:

Question 1.
A polio victim and a strong, but visually challenged man, were friends. They wished to go to pay homage at a place of worship, three kilometres away. Now, continue the story and try to end it with a related moral/proverb.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:
You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours A polio victim and a strong, but visually challenged man, were friends. They wished to go to pay homage at a place of worship, three kilometres away. After walking some distance Mohan, who was a polio victim couldn’t walk further. So he requested his friend Yeshudas to wait for him under a shade of a tree.

Yeshudas, the visually challenged man was very strong and kind. He told his friend, f “If you are really tired, I will take you on my back and if you show me the way, we will reach the place ! of worship on time. Mohan agreed and said to Yeshudas, “That’s a good idea. I will show you the way and whenever you get tired I will walk a little. Don’t worry! I will not be a burden throughout the journey.” “Good, but my dear friend, I wouldn’t mind to carry you on my back till we reach our destination.”

In this way, they decided to help each other. Yeshudas lifted his friend Mohan on his back and showed him the way. With the help of each other both of them could reach the Shiva temple on time and paid homage to lord Shiva. They proved that “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

Where there is a will, there is a way
Help each other and win what you wish.

10. Recite/Read your favourite or any English poem before the class. Take help of the following points while reciting the poem:

Question 1.
Recite/Read your favourite or any English poem before the class. Take help of the following points while reciting the poem:
(a) Confidence and fluency
(b) Appropriate pronunciation and intonation
(c) Take proper pauses/stresses
(d) Proper voice and tone
(e) Pay attention to the music and rhythm of words and lines.

11. Translate into your medium of instructions:

Question (a)
A disabled person is needed in society, so that normal people can realize their blessings.
Answer:
सर्वसामान्य लोकांना त्यांना मिळालेल्या वरदानांची जाणीव व्हावी, याकरिता समाजात दिव्यांग (विकलांग) व्यक्ती असण्याची गरज असते.

Question (b)
A true friend ignores your weaknesses, corrects you and encourages you to make full use of your strengths.
Answer:
खरा मित्र तुमच्या उणिवांकडे (कमतरतांकडे) दुर्लक्ष करतो, तुमच्या चुका दुरुस्त करतो आणि तुमच्या क्षमतांचा पुरेपूर उपयोग करण्याकरिता उत्तेजन देतो.

Question (c)
One cannot change everything that one faces; but nothing can be changed unless one faces it.
Answer:
एखादयाला धैर्याने तोंड दयावी लागणारी प्रत्येक गोष्ट बदलता येणे शक्य नसते, परंतु धैर्याने सामोरे गेल्याशिवाय कोणालाही कोणतीच गोष्ट बदलणे शक्य नसते.

12. Write a letter to your father requesting him to attend the social and cultural gathering of your school. Take help of the points given below.

Question 1.
Write a letter to your father requesting him to attend the social and cultural gathering of your school.
Take help of the points given below.
(a) Social and cultural gathering a mega event.
(b) Varieties of activities conducted in the gathering.
(c) Your participation in two or three activities.
(d) Need to boost your confidence.
Answer:
Sameer Sane,
Blue Star Boys’ Hostel,
Panchgani,
Dist – Satara.
26th Dec., 2020

Dear father,
I was quiet happy to read your second letter in a week. I am happy to write this letter to invite you for our social and cultural gathering. You know it is a mega event of our school and we always eagerly wait for it.

This year being the Golden Jubilee Year of our school, it is going to be a great event. So we are allowed to invite our parents. There will be varieties of activities performed in it. I am participating in a solo dance, a skit and a group dance. You know I always like to do something different. Our school really provides a good opportunity through our Annual Gathering. We always try to bring some social issues through cultural activities, so this time we are focusing on the theme, “Save the girl child”. Hope you will appreciate it.

The gathering will be held on 3rd January from 7 ’o clock to ll’o clock in the evening. So I request you to attend it with mother and be a part of my happiness. Everything is going well and good here. Don’t worry about my studies. How is granny now? Convey my regards to mom, granny and Sawant aunty, our neighbour.

I am eagerly waiting for your arrival on the day of gathering. And please call me on mobile so that I can confirm the seats for both of you.

Your loving son,
Sameer Sane

13. Project:

Question 1.
Divide the class into groups and conduct a poster-making competition for an Eye/Blood Donation Camp. Fix up the details of the above camp, like time, place etc.:
(Note : Students should do this project on their own and present it before the class.)

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. The poet saw a lovely girl in a train. – Disagree
2. A beautiful girl had one leg and used a crutch. – Agree
3. The lad who was selling sweet was very sad. – Disagree
4. The poet was very kind with the lad who was selling sweet. – Agree

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences by using an appropriate word from the poem:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. The girl was lovely, gay and fair.
2. The lad thanked the poet for his kindness.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. The boy was watching the others play.
2. While walking down the street, the poet saw a boy with blue eyes.

Question 4.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. The poet told the lad to join others to play. – True
2. The poet could not hear the boy. – False
3. The poet requests the boy to forgive him. – False
4. The poet is very lucky by the grace of God. – True
5. The boy was watching the circus – False
6. The boy whom the poet met could not hear. – True
7. The writer didn’t pay any attention to the boy. – False
8. The eyes of the boy were red – False

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Match the information in column ‘A’ with column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. The poet saw a lovely girl…. 2. The lad who was selling sweets….	1. was calm and had a charm on his face. 2. had one leg and used a crutch.

Answer:
1. The poet saw a lovely girl………… – on a bus.
2. The lad who was selling sweets ……….. – was calm and had a charm on his face.

Question 2.
Describe the young girl in the bus.
Answer:
The young girl in the bus was very beautiful and happy. She was also very fair. She had lovely silken hair. But unfortunately she was walking with a limp.

Question 3.
What did the speaker in the poem not realize while chatting with the young lad?
Answer:
When the speaker in the poem was chatting with the young lad he didn’t realize that the young lad was blind.

Question 4.
Complete the following web:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 5.
Match the following.
Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. When the boy looked ahead without a word, the poet realized that….	(a) by the grace of God he can experience this beautiful world.
2. The poet requests God to…..	(b) he was deaf.

Answer:
1. When the boy looked ahead without a word, the poet realized that…. – he was deaf.
2. The poet requests God to – forgive him.

Question 6.
Why did the blue-eyed boy not join the others in their game?
Answer:
The blue-eyed boy did not join the others in their game because he could not hear as he was deaf.

Question 7.
What does the speaker thank God for?
Answer:
After meeting some disabled people, the speaker realised that even though these people lacked something in their life, they were happy. He thanks God because he is blessed with everything to live a happy life so he realises that there is nothing in the world for him to complain.

Activities based on Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Write down rhyming pairs from the extract.
Answer:
Rhyming pairs

1. blue – do
2. dear – hear
3. whine – mine
4. glow – know

Appreciation of poem:

1. Title: The title of the poem is ‘The world is mine’.
2. Poet: The poem is written by Joy Lovelet Crawford.
3. Rhyme scheme : Rhyming scheme of the 1st and last stanza is same aabcc, second stanza
   abbccdd, 3rd stanza aabbcc, 4th stanza aabcc.
4. Figure of Speech (Any 1): Apostrophe, Inversion
5. Theme / Central Idea : The Central Idea of the poem is that you must count your blessings (=to be grateful for the good things in your life) rather than complain about the things which you think, you lack.

When you are thankful to God for all the good things you are endowed with, then the world and its joys are yours. Then you cherish the things which you often take for granted and find no reason for complaining.

My English Coursebook 10th Class Solutions Pdf Unit 4

• The World is Mine Class 10 English Solutions
• Bholi Class 10 English Solutions
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 10 English Solutions
• Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Class 10 English Solutions
• Joan of Arc Class 10 English Solutions
• A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Class 10 English Solutions

Class 10 English Chapter 1.2 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 1.2 An Encounter of a Special Kind Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

An Encounter of a Special Kind Poem 10th Std Question Answer

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 1.2 An Encounter of a Special Kind Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!
Chit-chat

Question 1.
What do you see in the picture?
Answer:
I see a small girl carrying a puppy in a large round tub, in neck-deep water of the river.

Question 2.
What do you think the girl is trying to do? Why?
Answer:
The girl, I believe, is trying to rescue the puppy from drowning in the river because anyhow she wanted to save the puppy.

Question 3.
If you were in the place of that girl, what would you do?
Answer:
I would also have tried to rescue the puppy, if that was within my reach.

Question 4.
Do you think, she was successful in her action?
Answer:
Yes, the girl has rescued the puppy from drowning in the river. So, I think she was successful in saving the puppy.

Match the appropriate headings with the images.

Question 1.

1. Our luxurious bungalows. [ ]
2. My Favourite pastime. [ ]
3. What a commotion! [ ]
4. Engrossed in my book. [ ]

Answer:

1. Our Luxurious Bungalows [C]
2. My Favourite Pastime. [A]
3. What a Commotion! [D]
4. Engrossed in my book. [B]

English Workshop:

1. State whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. Justify your choice with proper reasons.

Question 1.
(a) The compound where the writer was living, was rich in nature’s bounty.
(b) Holidays provide us an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks.
(c) The narrator made a mistake by saving the baby langur.
(d) Animals cannot convey emotions.
(e) The narrator was fifty-five years old when this incident occured.
Answer:
(a) The compound where the writer was living was rich in nature’s bounty. – Agree
(b) Holidays provide the children an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks. – Agree
(c) The incident occurred during summer vacation. – Disagree
(d) Magazines and storybooks were published specially for adults in the festive season. – Disagree
(e) Writer’s father was a medical professional. – Agree

2. Match the phrases given in Group ‘A’ with their meanings in Group ‘B’.

Question 1.

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(a) to be a part and parcel of	(vi) to be an essential or integral part
(b) to be engrossed in	(v) to be completely occupied in
(c) to take notice of	(i) to observe and give attention
(d) to figure out	(vii) to be affected emotionally in a powerful way
(e) to ponder over	(iv) to think about seriously
(f) to be overwhelmed by	(ii) to be able to solve a problem
(g) in a flash	(viii) very quickly
(h) to find solace	(iii) to find comfort and peace

3. Write In your own words

Question a.
Why did the narrator Ignore the barking of dogs?
(i) …………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) …………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
(i) The narrator thought that the pack of dogs, as usual, must have trapped an unfortunate pig.
(ii) So he ignored the barking of dogs.

Question b.
Why did motherelangur make no effort to grab her baby from the coop?
(i) …………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) …………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
(i) Mother langur did not make any effort to grab her baby.
(ii) It was because she was completely sure that the writer was not doing any harm to her baby and whatever he was doing was for the good of the baby.

4. Read the text carefully and arrange the occurance of happenings in the text in a sequential order.

Question 1.
Read the text carefully and arrange the occurance of happenings in the text in a sequential order.

Answer:

I took the baby langur to the backyard.	6
I cannot forget that look in her eyes.	11
I heard the disturbance approaching closer.	3
I recalled the terrible custom in the animal clan.	5
I became deeply absorbed in the book.	2
I was engrossed in various magazines and storybooks.	1
I offered him a peeled banana.	9
I still fondly remember that encounter.	13
I gathered a stout stick and then started throwing stones.	7
I saw something horrible.	4
I was showed that food was not the only means of communication.	12
I managed to catch hold of the baby langur’s tail.	8
I allowed the mother, access to her baby	10

5. Discuss the following and write about it in your own words in 5-6 lines.

Question a.
What would you do, if you find an injured bird while returning from your school?
Answer:
If I find an injured animal, I will pick it up tenderly and bring it to my home carefully. I will put some drops of water in his mouth to make it fresh. I will examine its injury and apply antiseptic ointment to its injured part and bandage it without hurting it. When it is a little bit comfortable, I will provide it water and food. Then I shall keep it in small basket with cotton spread in it. I will see to it that it is safe in the place. I will take its care till it has enough strength or till it is fully recovered from the injury.

Question b.
What opinion do you form about the narrator, from the story?
Answer:
The writer of this story is a very sensitive, sympathetic and loving person. His qualities of humanity and courage are admirable and incredible. His thoughts about human-animal relations are great. He believes that communication between man and animal depends not only on food but also on trust, compassion and mutual understanding.

6. Complete the following and write a paragraph on each of the given activities.

Question 1.
Complete the following and write a paragraph on each of the given activities.
Answer:

Paragraph: Mother-child Relationship
The relationship between Mother and child is very close and inseparable. Mother’s love for a child is eternal. It is selfless. Her love and affection for her children are boundless and invaluable. She looks after them, nurses them and strives hard for her children’s upbringing and keeping them healthy.

She teaches them their family culture and moral values. The child also loves its mother immensely. Mother guides, inspires and encourages her children throughout their life. How wonderful and pleasant relationship is this!

Paragraph: How I will help an injured Animal
If I find an injured animal, I will pick it up tenderly and bring it to my home carefully. I will put some drops of water in his mouth to make it fresh. I will examine its injury and apply antiseptic ointment to its injured part and bandage it without hurting it. When it is a little bit comfortable, I will provide it water and food.

Then I shall keep it in small basket with cotton spread in it. I will see to it that it is safe in the place. I will take its care till it has enough strength or till it is fully recovered from the injury.

7. Work in pairs and make as many words as you can, using letters in the word. ‘ENCOUNTER’.

Question 1.
Make smaller words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word ‘Encounter’ :
(Note : In the activity sheet you will be asked to write only four words)

Answer:

Three letter words	Four letter words	Five/ Six letter words
our, cot, not, out, nut, ten, run, one, nor, ton, net, toe	noun, cote, note, none, tour, tune, cute, rent, turn	route, court, enter, centre, counter

8. Translate the following proverbs in good English : 

Question 1.
जनसेवा हीच खरी ईश्वरसेवा.
Answer:
Service to man is service to God.

Question 2.
पेरावे तसे उगवते.
Answer:
As you sow, so shall you reap.

9. Write a paragraph and give an appropriate title to it. Use the following points.

Question 1.
Write a paragraph and give an appropriate title to it. Use the following points.

Man’s Best Friends – Birds and Animals
Answer:
The relations between birds, animals and man are complementing each other. In absence of this relationship our environment is disturbed and we risk our whole balance of ecology in our area. That is why, man must treat the birds and animals with great love and affection. They are our best friends. They are loyal to man and serve us in many ways. We must preserve our eternal relationship kindly, honestly and compassionately. So it is our duty to protect them; take care of their security without hurting them.

It is our duty to maintain this relationship because they cannot speak. They try to explain their feelings without words. Their eyes and actions speak. Try to understand them with love, affection and help them in their needs. Man needs the company of birds and animals. Love the wildlife and avoid loneliness. Protect them!

10. (A) Complete the remaining blocks determining the types of news.

Question a.

Answer:

(B) Read the following headline and write a news report. Follow the steps as given.

Question 1.
Read the following headline and write a news report. Follow the steps as given.
Headline → ‘Tiger attacks 8-year old at Rajiv Gandhi National Park.’
Answer:
Tiger attacks 8-year old at Rajiv Gandhi National Park.
Goregon July 4: Recently tiger attacks on humans have become frequent in the nearby areas of Rajiv Gandhi National Park. A tragic death of 8 year old child attacked by a tiger, has shocked the people in the slum area near the Rajiv Gandhi National Park. It is learnt that early in the morning the child entered alone in the wildlife reserve for defecation.

The tiger crouching behind a fence of bushes attacked the young child and killed him. Slum dwellers gathered around to rescue him could not save him. The slum-dwellers are demanding that the Forest Department should arrange for rigorous patrols to restrict such incidents of human-animal conflicts and construct a boundary wall between the human- habitats and the Park.

(C) Read the following Headlines and write the dateline, intro and a short continuing paragraph.

Question 1.
Read the following Headlines and write the dateline, intro and a short continuing paragraph.

Answer:
Career Counselling with Achievers Wednesday, 15th August, Kripa Sindhu High School, Nagpur. Kripa Sindhu High School had organised the ‘Career Counselling Camp’ for the students of Standard X, on 15th August 2019 at 5 pm. Some renowned persons who had achieved name and fame in different professions were invited to share their own experiences about their career and their success. There were professionals from different fields-medicine, sports, arts, acting, engineering, I etc.

Each one of them explained how and why they dreamed of and pursued their own career and how they secured their achievement in their field. They advised students that great heights can be achieved by constant efforts, even when they have to face nerve-wrecking challenges in their life and have to fight against all overwhelming odds. Audiences were moved when they learnt about the heart-rending stories of some professionals who are now on the top of the world.

The students realized the importance of the career counselling event. It was a great treat for the students who had come there for vocational guidance.

Answer:
Note: Students should write this news report in their notebooks based on following points to emphasize the need of separate Tourism University.
Points: Tourism-a flourishing industry- many employments aya liable – trained candidates required – importance of tourism – can impart education in hospitality, booking, accommodation, selection of tour destinations, etc.-good prospects-responsibility of smooth pleasure tours – a good decision to establish Tourism University.

Language Study:

1. Present Participle: The form of a verb, ending in ‘ing’, which is used in forming continuous tenses. For example, He is sitting here. Present participle can also be used as an adjective. For example, He uses a walking stick.
Now, find out the ‘ing’ forms from the story and classify them into the following table.

Question 1.
find out the ‘ing’ forms from the story and classify them into the following table.

Answer:

Present Participle	Use in the Continuous Tense
twinkling eyes 1. marauding langur 2.  sloping roof 3.  caring arms	was holding 1. were witnessing 2.  was oozing 3.  was breathing| 4.  was pondering 5.  was trying

2. Spot the error and correct the following sentences.

Question 1.
(a) My grandparents laid down for an afternoon nap.
(b) A stranger were knocking at our door.
(c) My sister and I shares a study room.
(d) One of my friend, is leaving school.
(e) A flock of birds were flying overhead.
Answer:
(a) My grandparents lay down for an afternoon nap.
(b) A stranger was knocking at our door.
(c) My sister and I share a study room.
(d) One of my friends, is leaving the school.
(e) A flock of birds is flying overhead.

3. Rewrite the sentences as per instructions given along with.

Question a.
I took the baby langur to our backyard. ………………………….
(Rewrite the sentence in the Past Perfect Tense)
Answer:
I had taken the baby langur to our backyard.

Question b.
She simply sat there quietly ………………………….
(Rewrite the sentence in the Present Continuous Tense)
Answer:
She is simply sitting there quietly.

Question c.
The mother langur looked straight into my eyes. ………………………….
(Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Present Tense)
Answer:
The mother langur looks straight into my eyes.

Question d.
She surveyed the area for the vicious male langur. ………………………….
(Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Future Tense)
Answer:
She will survey the area for the vicious male langur.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 1.2 An Encounter of a Special Kind Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complex Factual Activities :

Question 1.
Complete the web describing the campus where writer’s family lived:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 2.
How did the family relax after lunch?
Answer:
After eating sufficient and wholesome lunch the writer’s parents and his sisters lay down for an afternoon nap. The author settled down with a storybook. The sound of their snoring in sleep was such that it occasionally broke the silence of the writer’s house.

Question 3.
What wicked custom is practised by animals who live in groups?
Answer:
According to the wicked custom in the animal clan who live in groups, a dominant, powerful male does not allow another male or adult to survive within its group. Mostly the leader of the group kills male babies or adults.

Question 4.
Complete the web with the help of the information given in the passage :
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 5.
What did the writer do to restrain the big langur from killing the baby langur?
Answer:
When the writer realised that the big langur was about to kill the baby langur, he gathered a big, strong stick in one hand and threw a piece of stone at the attacking langur. The big langur did not take notice of his attack; so he started throwing more ! stones at it. In this way, the writer restrained the big langur from killing the baby langur.

Question 6.
Complete the following web and describe the condition of wounded baby langur :
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 7.
Complete the following web with the information from the passage :
(Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Question 8.
Arrange the following events as per their sequence:
(Board’s Model Activity Sheet)
1. Writer’s father provided first aid to clean the wounds.
2. After a few shaky attempts, the baby langur sat up.
3. The writer turned away from the coop.
4. The writer took the baby langur to their backyard.
Answer:
4. The writer took the baby langur to their backyard.
1. Writer’s father provided first aid to clean the wounds.
2. After a few shaky attempts, the baby langur sat up.
3. The writer turned away from the coop.

Question 9.
Complete the following :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Mother langur simply sat quitely because she was convinced that no harm was being done to her child.
2. The baby langur started to sob and cry because he sensed the presence of his mother.
3. The baby found comfort and peace in caring arms of his mother.
4. (Mother langur gave a thorough inspection of baby langur’s body because she wanted to check his injuries.

Question 10.
Complete the web:
Answer:

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’ :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. hearty	(a) frequent
2. engrossed	(b) sufficient and wholesome
3. intermittent	(c) high pitched
4. shrill	(d) in full attention

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. hearty	(b) sufficient and wholesome
2. engrossed	(d) in full attention
3. intermittent	(a) frequent
4. shrill	(c) high pitched

Question 2.
Match the phrases in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. settle down with	(a) the act of checking with complete attention and care.
2. unfolded a new dimension	(b) overpowered someone
3. got the better of	(c) belief felt equally by both people involved.
4. pitch of cry	(d) penned up a new dimension aspect
5. was going on	(e) high sound of cry
6. thorough inspection	(f) to do something that makes people feel sympathy.
7. strike the right chord	(g) get into a with comfortable position
8. mutual trust	(h) was happening

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. settle down with	(g) get into a with comfortable position
2. unfolded a new dimension	(d) penned up a new dimension aspect
3. got the better of	(b) overpowered someone
4. pitch of cry	(e) high sound of cry
5. was going on	(h) was happening
6. thorough inspection	(a) the act of checking with complete attention and care.
7. strike the right chord	(f) to do something that makes people feel sympathy.
8. mutual trust	(c) belief felt equally by both people involved.

Question 3
Write from the passage the antonyms of the following :

1. mercifully
2. submissive
3. recognize
4. greater

Answer:

1. mercifully × mercilessly
2. submissive × aggressive
3. recognize × ignore
4. greater × lesser

Question 4.
Find present participles and past participles used as adjectives :
Answer:
1. Present Participles: sloping roof, twinkling eyes.
2. Past Participles: unexpected attack, unknown quarter, muffled cry, peeled banana.

Question 5.
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’ :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. shaky	(a) rose to the surface
2. welled up	(b) made the sound quieter
3. prospect	(c) unsteady
4. muffled	(d) future benefit

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. shaky	(c) unsteady
2. welled up	(a) rose to the surface
3. prospect	(d) future benefit
4. muffled	(b) made the sound quieter

Question 6.
Match the synonyms :
(Board’s Model Activity Sheet)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. trauma	(a) move
2. coop	(b) still
3. stir	(c) great distress
4. motionless	(d) pen

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. trauma	(c) great distress
2. coop	(d) pen
3. stir	(a) move
4. motionless	(b) still

Question 7.
Write opposites of the following from the passage :

1. steady
2. known
3. expected
4. firm.

Answer:

1. steady × unsteady
2. known × unknown
3. expected × unexpected
4. firm × shaky

Question 8.
Write the meaning of the following words from the options given in the brackets :
(breast, comfort, weird, evil)

1. uncanny
2. vicious
3. bosom
4. solace

Answer:

1. uncanny – weird
2. vicious – evil
3. bosom – breast
4. solace – comfort

Activities based on Contextual Grammar :

Rewrite the sentences as per tenses mentioned in the brackets :

Question 1.
My father was a medical professional.
(Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
My father had been a medical professional.

Question 2.
The holidays provided an opportunity for me to read various magazines and storybooks.
(Simple Present Tense.)
Answer:
The holidays provide me an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks.

Question 3.
I heard a group of street dogs barking.
(Present Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
I am hearing a group of street dogs barking.

Question 4.
The big male langur was holding a baby langur in his hands.
(Past Perfect Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
The big male langur had been holding a baby langur in his hands.

Question 5.
They were witnessing my rescue operation. (Simple Past Tense.)
Answer:
They witnessed my rescue operation.

Question 6.
He was in a state of shock. (Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
He had been in a state of shock.

Question 7.
The baby sensed the presence of his mother.
(Present Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
The baby has sensed the presence of his mother.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you have a reading hobby? How do you ! pursue it?
Answer:
Yes, I do have a reading hobby. I read a lot. I read anything and everything that comes in my sight. I keep on reading storybooks, novels, ‘ biographies, magazines, newspapers, etc. Whenever I find time I love and enjoy reading especially during long vacation.
Note: Students may give their own appropriate answer in all

Question 2.
Do you think that the custom of baby killing by dominant male in animal clan is good? Explain.
Answer:
No, I don’t think so. It’s a bad custom in any animal clan. It is the duty of dominant males to protect them and bring them up kindly and lovingly. They should not deprive them of their basic right to live.

Question 3.
Have you ever saved a puppy/dog or any other animal from naughty children who were throwing stones at him? Write about your
experience.
Answer:
Yes, I have saved a dog who was in such a situation. Though the stones thrown by the urchins did not hit the dog very much, he was frightened to death and was running helter skelter. I gathered a long stick and shouted at them. Then I hit one of the boys with the stick and they ran away. The dog had gratitude in his eyes for me.

Question 4.
What is your mother’s state of mind during your illness?
Answer:
My mother is always worried about my smallest illness. Deep anxiety overpowers her. She is restless and uneasy all the time. She keeps herself awake at night worrying about my ill-health. She is always by my bedside providing me food and medicine on time. She remains in a state of anxiety until I get well.

Question 5.
What did the mother langur seem to convey to the narrator?
Answer:
The mother langur seemed to convey the narrator that she was very grateful to him for saving her child. She was expressing her big thanks to him through her silent eyes. Her eyes showered silent gratitude for the narrator for his kindness and compassion. The narrator could understand her feelings, sentiments and the way of thanking him through her eloquent eyes.

Read the following passage and do the activities :

Simple Factual Activities :

Question 1.
Say whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:

1. A big male langur did not intend to kill the baby langur. – False
2. The writer started throwing more stones at the big langur. – True
3. The mother langur was watching her baby being killed. – True
4. According to the custom of animal clan, a dominant male protects another male baby or adult. – False

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences using the information given in the passage :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The langur baby was listless and appeared to be dead.
2. The writer’s parents and sisters had come out on the veranda and were witnessing his rescue operation.
3. The baby langur’s eyes welled up with tears.
4. The unexpected attack forced the langur to drop the baby from the sloping roof over the veranda.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The writer offered the baby langur a peeled banana.
2. The baby langur was in state of shock.
3. Splashes of cold water made the baby stir.
4. The mother langur was sitting on their kitchen roof.

Question 4.
Say whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:

1. The baby langur sensed the presence of his mother. – True
2. The mother langur was sitting on the floor of the coop. – False
3. The writer cuddled the baby langur tightly in his bosom. – False
4. The writer’s attention was fixed on the revival of the baby langur. – True

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The mother langur was sitting on their kitchen roof.
2. The mother sat still with the baby in her lap for a few minutes.

Question 6.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements :
Answer:

1. The narrator made a mistake by saving the baby langur. – Disagree
2. Animals cannot convey emotions. – Disagree
3. The narrator was fifty-five years old when this incident occurred. – Disagree
4. Even today, the narrator cannot forget that look in the mother langur’s eyes. – Agree

Choose correct reasons from the given options :

Question 1.
The writer ignored the commotion of street dogs.
(a) Thinking about the dogs’ involvement in some food items.
(b) Thinking about the dogs’ involvement in some stranger.
(c) Thinking about the dogs’ involvement in some thieves.
(d) Thinking about the dogs’ involvement in some unfortunate pig.
Answer:
(d) Thinking about the dogs’ involvement in some unfortunate pig.

Question 2.
The langur did not take notice of the writer’s assault.
(a) Because he was very busy.
(b) Because he was eating the baby langur.
(c) Because he was very infuriated.
(d) Because he ignored the writer’s presence.
Answer:
(c) Because he was very infuriated.

Do as directed :

Question 1.
I started throwing more stones.
(Begin with – ‘More stones were ….)
Answer:
More stones were being thrown by me.

Question 2.
It hardly took notice of my assault.
(Make this as a negative sentence.)
Answer:
It did not take notice of my assault.

Question 3.
My parents and sisters had come out on to the veranda. (Add a question tag.)
Answer:
My parents and sisters had come out on the veranda, hadn’t they?

Question 4.
He took the baby langur to our backyard. (Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined word as an answer.)
Answer:
Where did he take the baby langur?

Question 5.
The baby remained motionless.
(Make negative without changing the meaning.)
(Board’s Model Activity Sheet)
Answer:
The baby did not move. OR The baby did no movements.

Question 6.
She simply sat there quietly.
(Choose correct question tag.)
(Board’s Model Activity Sheet)
(i) doesn’t she?
(ii) didn’t she?
(iii) wasn’t she?
(iv) don’t she?
Answer:
She simply sat there, didn’t she?

Question 7.
I turned away from the coop and looked up. (Begin the sentence with – Turning … and rewrite it.)
Answer:
Turning away from the coop, I looked up.

Question 8.
She gave the baby a thorough body inspection. (Change the sentence into passive voice. Begin with – The baby …)
Answer:
The baby was given a thorough body inspection by her.

Question 9.
I cannot forget that look in her eyes.
(Add a question tag.)
Answer:
I cannot forget that look in her eyes, can I?

Question 10.
I was overwhelmed by the emotion.
(Write the sentence in Active voice. Begin with – The emotion ….)
Answer:
The emotion overwhelmed me.

Activities based on Language Study

Do as directed :

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letter:

1. fa_her
2. ha_sh
3. adu_t
4. tr_st

Answer:

1. father
2. harsh
3. adult
4. trust

Question 2.
Put the following words in alphabetical order :

1. baby, unsteady, mother, almost.
2. suddenly, splash, shock, started.

Answer:

1. almost, baby, mother, unsteady.
2. shock, splash, started, suddenly.

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences :

1. Mohan said to rajan, i shall never come with you
2. shall we reach pune on time he asked

Answer:

1. Mohan said to Rajan, “I shall never come with you.”
2. “Shall we reach Pune on time?” he asked.

Question 4.
Write related words as shown in the example :
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 5.
Complete the word-chain of adjectives. Add four words each beginning with the last letter of the previous word :
dominant → ……….. → ……….. → ……….. → ………..
Answer:
dominant → tall → loyal → long → good

Question 6.
Attempt anyone :
a. Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase ‘to catch hold of’
Answer:
Ramesh caught hold of his friend’s arm and stopped him from leaving the place.
OR
b. Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully :
The person, who
Answer:
The person, who is sitting on the stage, is a great social worker of this area.

Question 7.
Attempt anyone :
a. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. communicate
2. inspect
Answer:
1. communication
2. inspection
OR
b. Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words :
1. communicate
2. inspect
Answer:
1. She communicated her feelings through her eyes.
2. Let the office inspect the papers.

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Unit 1

• A Teenager’s Prayer Class 10 English Solutions
• An Encounter of a Special Kind Class 10 English Solutions
• Basketful of Moonlight Class 10 English Solutions
• Be SMART…! Class 10 English Solutions
• His First Flight Class 10 English Solutions

Class 10 English Chapter 4.5 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.5 Joan of Arc Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Joan of Arc Poem 10th Std Question Answer

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.5 Joan of Arc Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. Discuss in groups whether you would like to join the Armed Forces. Yes/No. Say Why? Why not? Each one should give 2 to 3 reasons for their responses.

Question 1.
Discuss in groups whether you would like to join the Armed Forces. Yes/No. Say Why? Why not? Each one should give 2 to 3 reasons for their responses.
Answer:
(a) Yes, I would like to join the Armed Forces because ……………..

1. It is my passion to serve my country by joining Armed forces.
2. It gives an opportunity to serve at different places and interact with different people everyday.
3. It keeps us physically and mentally fit.

(b) No, I wouldn’t like to join the Armed Forces because …………………..

1. I am not physically and mentally prepared for this field.
2. I have decided another career option for myself.
3. I don’t like to leave my parents and live away from them.
4. I am afraid of wars and killing and disaster that comes with them. I hate them all.

Question 2.
Also discuss what areas of work are open for women in Armed forces in India.
Answer:
All wings of the Indian Armed Forces allow women in combat roles (Junior rank) and combat supervisory roles (Officers).

1. They can work in administrative sections in the Armed Forces.
2. They can work in the medical field as a doctor, nurse or any other related post.
3. They can join the paramilitary forces of India.

1. Discuss in groups/pairs and make lists of the weapons used in the old times and in the present times:

Question 1.
Discuss in groups/pairs and make lists of the weapons used in the old times and in the present times:

Answer:

Weapons used in the Past	Weapons used nowadays
Sword Axe Spear Shield Dagger and knives	Rifles, Machine guns, Tanks, Grenade Aircraft Submarines Chemical weapons (gas, etc.) Biological weapons (germs, etc.)

2. Imagine that you are the captain of your school Kabaddi/Football team. Your final match is against a very strong team. Prepare a short pep-talk of about 60 to 80 words that you would give as a Captain, to encourage your team.

Question 1.
Imagine that you are the captain of your school Kabaddi/Football team. Your final match is against a very strong team. Prepare a short pep-talk of about 60 to 80 words that you would give as a Captain, to encourage your team.
Answer:
My dear teammates,

I have heard about a good quotation-winning or losing a game is not important but playing with spirit is important. We get good and useful experiences as participants. Success is not always about winning but being happy with the participation and playing to fullest ability.

We know that strength of our team is each individual member and the strength of each member is the team. The player that fights and works the hardest will always come out on the top. If you find out the strength in you and push forward to work hard for yourself and for the team, I am sure you can do a lot.

Leave your negativity and get in the habit of the doing things the right way in the game. Blaming others for not reaching your goal is pointless. It is your goal and you are the only one who can achieve it. I know champions are those who work to the point of exhaustion when no one else is watching.

Use your calibre and be a champion and success will be yours.
All the best!

3. When different Prepositions are added to the same action verb, meaning of the phrase thus formed changes.

Question 1.
When different Prepositions are added to the same action verb, meaning of the phrase thus formed changes.
Examples:

1. call out – announce
2. call at – visit
3. call far – summon
4. call up – make a telephone call

Try to guess the meanings of the underlined phrases and write them down:

Question (a)
He promised me to look into the matter.
Answer:
to inspect carefully, to investigate.

Question (b)
He wanted to look for his lost book.
Answer:
to search for.

Question (c)
An epidemic of cholera broke-out in the village.
Answer:
widely spread.

Question (d)
The thieves broke into the apartment.
Answer:
entered by force.

Question (e)
She has to carry out her duty regularly.
Answer:
discharge/perform

Question (f)
You must carry on trying for success.
Answer:
continue

English Workshop:

1. Read the extract from G. B. Shaw’s play on Joan of Arc and fill in the Tree diagram:

Question 1.
Read the extract from G. B. Shaw’s play on Joan of Arc and fill in the Tree diagram: (Answer is directly given.)

Answer:

2. Pick out from the play 2 lines each that prove the following:

Question 1.
Pick out from the play 2 lines each that prove the following:
Joan of Arc
Her confidence
1. …………………..
2. …………………..
Her courage
1. …………………..
2. …………………..
Her determination
1. …………………..
2. …………………..
Answer:

1. Her confidence	1. The Dauphin will give me, all I need, to free Orleans. 2. Three men will be enough for you to send with me.
2. Her courage	1. You wouldn’t see me. But here I am. 2. I can find a soldier’s armour that will fit me well enough.
3. Her determination	1. There will be no trouble for you, Squire. 2. I will teach them all to fight for France.

3. Match the comparisons as given in the extract:

Question 1.
Match the comparisons as given in the extract:

A	B
1. as easy as	(a) like sheep
2. as mad as	(b) like a rat in the corner
3. drive the soldiers	(c) a bit of a miracle
4. The Dauphin is	(d) as she is
5. Joan of Arc is	(e) the steward
	(f) chasing a cow

Answer:

1. as easy as – chasing a cow
2. drive the soldiers – like sheep
3. The Dauphin is – like a rat in a corner
4. Joan of Arc – a bit of miracle
5. as mad as – she is

4. Say Why?

Question (a)
Joan wanted to meet the Captain Squire? (%MT wq iN^dl ift?)
Answer:
Captain Squire was to give her a horse, armour and some soldiers and send her to the Dauphin. He thought that she wouldn’t dare to meet him. But being courageous she came to meet the Captain and showed her confidence. She wanted the Captain to give her his order to go to Dauphin, the prince of France.

Question (b)
Joan did not ask for many soldiers from the Captain Squire?
Answer:
Joan did not ask for many soldiers from the Captain Squire because she was fully confident about fighting against the English with a few warriors who would join her in the battle. She was also sure that the Dauphin would give her soldiers and all that she needed to free Orleans.

Question (c)
Poulengey, Jack and Dick offered to accompany Joan?
Answer:
Being kind and a gentleman Jack would go willingly with Joan and even she managed Poulengey as he was sure that she was like a miracle. They had promised to go with Joan because they had faith in her valour. Every one was as mad as she was for freedom of their country; so they had offered to accompany Joan.

Question (d)
French soldiers were always beaten?
Answer:
The French soldiers were always beaten because they used to fight only to save their skins. They used to run away from the battlefield to save their lives. They always cared only for their own lives, and not for their nation.

Question (e)
Captain Squire Robert said, “I wash my hands off it.”-Why did he say so?
Answer:
Captain Squire Robert realised that Joan could inspire anybody. But he was not ready to take any responsibility, because he knew that he was taking a big chance and was not sure about the win. He wanted to stay away if anything went wrong by his decision. He would be responsible only for sending Joan to Dauphin and nothing else. So he said, “I wash myhands off it.”

5. Using a dictionary, find the difference between the following pairs of phrases. Make sentences of your own with each of them:

Question 1.
Using a dictionary, find the difference between the following pairs of phrases. Make sentences of your own with each of them:

Answer:

Phrases	Meaning	Own Sentences
1. (a) to cut in (b) to cut out	(a) interrupt (b) remove/cut	(a) When I was talking with Arjun, Abid cut in our conversation. (b) The director cut out several scenes when objection was raised by Censor Board.
2. (a) to be held by (b) to be held up	(a) kept/maintained/will take place (b) delay/stop/block the movement	(a) The meeting will be held by next Saturday. (b) The match was held up by heavy rains.
3. (a) to run away (b) to run for	(a) to leave a place secretely (b) run for something	(a) He ran away from home when he was only fifteen. (b) The picnickers ran for shelter when the rain started.
4. (a) to be known as (b) to be known for	(a) to be best known as (b) to be famous or known because of something	(a) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is known as Mahatma Gandhi to all of us. (b) Miller is known for his whimsical paintings and sculpture.
5. (a) to go with (b) to go after	(a) to choose or accept something (b) to try to catch or stop something	(a) I think we should go with yellow for the drawing room. (b) You would better go after her and tell her you’re sorry.
6. (a) to put fire into (b) to put fire out	(a) heat up/put on the fire. (b) to extinguish a fire.	(a) She spends much of her time in putting fire into others lives. (b) The firemen were able to put out the fire before too much damage.

6. From an Indian history book or Internet find out information about Indian Women (queens) who led battles.

Question 1.
From an Indian history book or Internet find out information about Indian Women (queens) who led battles. (For example, Rani of Jhansi and Rani Karnawati of Mewad). Write out 3 points of similarity and 3 points of contrast between any one of the above Indian Queens and Joan of Arc. Write in your own words:

Answer:

Similarities	Contrast
(a) young and beautiful	(a) Joan of Arc was unmarried.
(b) brave and courageous	(b) She was poor being a peasant girl.
(c) fought for their kingdom/nation.	(c) Rani of Jhansi fought for her adopted son and her kingdom. Rani Karnawati of Mewad fought for her kingdom but Joan of Arc fought for her nation and led the French army to several victories during the Hundred Years War.

7. Read the script from:

Question 1.
Read the script:
Answer:
Joan: Good morning, … … … … … … … … … promised to come with me. On Coursebook page 157.
Write a summary of that part of the script (in Indirect Speech) in 15 to 20 lines.
Answer:
Wishing Good morning to Captain Squire, Joan said that he was to give her a horse and armour and some soldiers, and send her to the Dauphin. Robert felt that, that girl was indeed mad so he asked Steward why he had not told him about it. Hearing this Steward told him not to anger her and requested him to give her what she wanted.

After hearing his remark Robert got furious and told Joan that he would send her back to her father with orders to put her under lock and key. But Joan was confident and told him that he thought he would. But it wouldn’t happen that way. She further said that he said he would not see her but there she was. Robert asked her if she was assuming that he would give her what she wanted.

Joan confidently said that he would do so and continued that a horse would cost sixteen francs. It was a big amount of money. But she could save it on the armour. She didn’t need beautiful armour made to her measure, she could find a soldier’s armour that would fit her well enough. She wouldn’t want many soldiers and the Dauphin would give her all, she needed, to free Orleans. After hearing her Robert was shocked and asked if she could free Orleans. She continued with confidence and told him that, it was true and only three men would be enough for him to send with her. Polly and Jack had promised to come with her.

Language Study:

Question (A)
Make the following sentences affirmative without change of meaning.
(a) Negative: I am not so sure, now.
Affirmative: …………………………………..
(b) Negative: He will not be able to stop them.
Affirmative: …………………………………..
(c) Negative: I dont’t remember.
Affirmative: ……………………………………
(d) Negative: I can do no more.
Affirmative: ……………………………………
(e) Negative: Sir, do not anger her.
Affirmative: ……………………………………
(f) Negative: I shall not want many soldiers.
Affirmative: ……………………………………

Question (B)
Fill in the gaps in the table.

Answer:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
1. success	succeed	successful	successfully
2. inspiration	inspire	inspirational	inspirationally
3. safety	safe	safe	safely
4. belief	believe	believable	believably
5. thought	think	thoughtful	thoughtfully
6. brightness	brighten	bright	brightly
7. courage	encourage	courageous	courageously
8. haste	hasten	hasty	hastily

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.5 Joan of Arc Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Name the following:
Answer:

1. Military officer – Captain Robert de Baudricourt
2. A peasant girl – Joan
3. The oldest son of the King France – Dauphin
4. The persons who Joan needed to free Orleans – Squire Jack, John Godsave, Dick the Archer, John of
   Honecourt and Julian

Question 2.
State whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:

1. Monsieur de Poulengey and Monsieur de Metz want to go with Joan – True
2. Chinon is one of the cities in England. – False
3. Poulengey was sure that only miracle can save them. – True
4. Joan’s words have put fire into Robert. – False

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences: (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Soldiers called Joan ‘the Maid’.
2. Joan wanted a soldier’s dress.
3. The shortest way to save your skin is to run away.
4. According to Joan, their soldiers
5. Joan is a person of immense faith.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Was the Dauphin fit to be a Prince and heir?
Answer:
No, Dauphin was not at all fit to be a Prince and heir.

Question 2.
What was the Squire’s opinion about miracles?
Answer:
According to the Squires miracles don’t happen nowadays.

Question 3.
What did Robert tell the Steward?
Answer:
Robert told the Steward to go with Joan and keep eyes on her.

Question 4.
What did Robert accuse Poulengey of?
Answer:
Robert accused Poulengey that he was as mad as Joan.

Activity-based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out two adjectives and two adverbs from the passage :
Answer:
1. Adjectives – wrong, mad
2. Adverbs – seriously, obstinately

Question 2.
What shows Joan was a person of immense faith?
Answer:
Robert thought that his soldiers would not be inspired by anything but Joan was very sure that she along with her soldiers would drive the enemy like sheep and there would not be a single English soldier on the soil of France. It shows that Joan was a person of immense faith.

Question 3.
What made Robert finally agree to the plan?
Answer:
When Robert realized that if Joan could put fire into Poulengey, she could put it into anybody. She could inspire his soldiers too, so he finally agreed to the plan.

Question 4.
Give one word for the following :
Answer:

1. A person of high rank – Squire
2. A stupid person – blockhead
3. To take for granted – to assume
4. Military unit consisting of armoured fighting vehicles – armour

Question 5.
Find out synonyms:
Answer:

1. looting – plundering
2. seriously- gravely
3. following- chasing
4. hayfield – meadow.

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
He is a very kind gentleman.
(Make it exclamatory.)
Answer:
What a kind gentleman he is!

Question 2.
She is a well-built strong country girl.
(Make it exclamatory.)
Answer:
What a well-built, strong country girl she is!

Make the following sentences affirmative without change of meaning:

Question 1.
Sir, do not anger her.
Answer:
Sir, be calm with her.

Question 2.
I shall not want many soldiers.
Answer:
I shall want few soldiers.

Make it affirmative:

Question 1.
I am not sure, now.
Answer:
I am unsure (doubtful) now.

Question 2.
He will not be able to stop them.
Answer:
He will be unable to stop them.

Choose the correct question tag:

Question 1.
Choose the correct question tag:
(haven they?, doesn’t he?, aren’t you?, am I?)

1. The Steward retreats hastily.
2. You are as mad as she is,
3. I am not so sure now,
4. Jack and Dick have offered to go with her,

Answer:
doesn’t he? aren’t you? am I? haven’t they?

Rewrite as affirmative sentences:

Question 1.
I don’t remember.
Answer:
I forget.

Question 2.
You do not understand Squire.
Answer:
You fail to understand Squire.

Question 3.
I can do no more.
Answer:
I am unable to do anything more.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Describe any brave lady as Joan of Arc, from India who fought for her nation.
Answer:
Lakshmibai, the Rani of Jhansi, was the queen of the Princely state of Jhansi in North India. She was one of the leading figures of the first Indian War of Independence of 1857 and became the symbol of resistance to the British Raj by Indian nationalists.

After the death of her husband, the then Head of the British Government of India, Lord Dalhousie, refused to allow her adopted son to become Raja of Jhansi. British then forcibly took possession of Jhansi. Rani Lakshmibai with Tatya Tope and others fought against the British rule. She sacrificed her life to regain her kingdom.

Question 2.
What is your opinion about Joan?
Answer:
I think Joan was really a courageous and brave lady. She dared to fight against the enemy for her country without caring for her own life and family life. It shows that she was really a patriotic person who was proud of her country and loved her country from the bottom of her heart.

Question 3.
Do you love your country? Why?
Answer:
I love my country from the bottom of my heart. It is the place where I was born, brought up and saw this beautiful world. I owe everything to this country. I always think about the betterment of
my country because I really love my country as it is my birthplace, my motherland.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:

1. h o _ s e
2. t h i _ k
3. m o _ e y
4. c r a _ y

Answer:

1. horse
2. t h i n k
3. m o n e y
4. c r a z y

Question 2.
Put the words in alphabetical order:
1. order, trouble, captain, promise.
2. assume, armour, afraid, always.
Answer:
1. captain, order, promise, trouble.
2. afraid, always, armour, assume.

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. joan said i dont think it can be very difficult if god is on your side
2. joan said and the dress i may have a soldiers dress squire
Answer:
1. Joan said, “I don’t think it can be very difficult if God is on your side.”
2. Joan said, “And the dress? I may have a soldier’s dress, Squire?”

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word : ‘plundering’
Answer:
plunder, ring, under, pun.

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example: (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 6.
Complete the word-chain of nouns. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of previous word:
officer, → r…………., …………., …………., ………….
Answer:
officer, → ration , nation , novel, logo.

1. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase :’ to be afraid of’
Answer:
Most of the people are afraid of ghosts and darkness.

OR

Question (b)
Add a clause to expand the sentence:
This is the young boy
Answer:
This is the young boy who bagged the National Championship in boxing.

2. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. talk
2. except
Answer:
1. talkative
2. exceptional

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. talk
2. except
Answer:
1. We talked on the phone about our problem.
2. Except Mother, everyone went out for dinner.

My English Coursebook 10th Class Solutions Pdf Unit 4

• The World is Mine Class 10 English Solutions
• Bholi Class 10 English Solutions
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 10 English Solutions
• Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Class 10 English Solutions
• Joan of Arc Class 10 English Solutions
• A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Class 10 English Solutions

Class 10 English Chapter 4.3 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.3 O Captain! My Captain! Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

O Captain! My Captain! Poem 10th Std Question Answer

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.3 O Captain! My Captain! Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up:
Chit-chat

1. Discuss the following with your classmates:

Question (a)
What are the important games played in your school?
Answer:
We play cricket, baseball, kabaddi, foot-ball, langadi, etc. in our school.

Question(b)
Who are the captains of the various team games? Name them:
Answer:

Games	Captain
1. Cricket	Roshan More
2. Baseball	Karan Shirke
3. Kabaddi	Akshay Dalvi
4. Football	John D’Mello
5. Langadi	Kshitija Bhosale

Question (c)
What is the role played by a team-game captain? What are his/her responsibilities?
Answer:
A team-game captain plays a pivotal role for the team. He/She is the backbone of the team. He inspires and motivates the team. He creates team spirit among his players. He also plays ; crucial role to maintain good relations among all the teammates. He/She keeps the bonding with the team. He keeps the team united. He takes the responsibility of drawbacks and defeats of the team.

Question (d)
What is the role of a captain of a ship? What are the responsibilities of a captain of a ship?
Answer:
A captain of a ship plays an important role. He is solely responsible for keeping the ship safe and sound. He guides and takes the ship safely to its destination. He navigates safely to reach wherever he wants to take the ship and the people on the ship. He is responsible for the safety of the ship and his crew. Sometimes he has to risk his life to overcome difficulties he faces on his way.

1. In pairs find as many meaningful words as you can from the following grid within five minutes. You can find words horizontal and vertically. (Hint – The words are related to battles or battleships. For example, soldier.

Question 1.
In pairs find as many meaningful words as you can from the following grid within five minutes. You can find words horizontal and vertically. (Hint – The words are related to battles or battleships. For example, soldier. (Answers are directly given.)

Answer:

English workshop:

1. Pick out from the poem all words related to ‘ship’. Make a list of them in a word register:

Question 1.
Pick out from the poem all words related to ‘ship’. Make a list of them in a word register:
(a) Port
(b) …………..
(c) …………..
(d) …………..
(e) …………..
(f) …………..
(g) anchored
(h) …………..
Answer:
(a) port
(b) keel
(c) vessel
(d) captain
(e) deck
(f) flag
(g) ship anchored voyage.
(h) shores

2. Read the poem again and complete the following sentences.

Question 1.
Read the poem again and complete the following sentences.
(a) The Captain lies on the deck ……………………….
(b) The Captain doesn’t answer as ……………………
(c) Captain does not feel anything ……………………
(d) The bugle and flag are ……………………………….
Answer:
(a) The Captain lies cold and dead on the deck.
(b) The Captain doesn’t answer as he is dead.
(c) The captain does not feel anything beneath the poet’s arm because he has no pulse nor will.
(d) The bugle is trilled and the flag is flung.

3. The poem has a direct reference to the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln on 15th April, 1865, after the Civil War was won. Match the symbols/images in Column A with what they refer to, in Column B.

Question 1.
The poem has a direct reference to the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln on 15th April, 1865, after the Civil War was won. Match the symbols/images in Column A with what they refer to, in Column B.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. the ship	(a) victory (in the war)
2. the fearful (trip/ voyage)	(b) the President of USA
3. the port	(c) United States of America
4. the bells (ringing)	(d) lifeless/dead
5. Captain	(e) the deadly Civil War
6. anchored safe	(f) celebrating victory
7. no pulse, nor will	(g) peace after winning the war

Answer:

1. the ship – United States of America
2. the fearful (trip/voyage) – the deadly Civil War
3. the port – peace after wining the war
4. the bells (ringing) – celebrating victory
5. Captain – the President of USA
6. anchored safe – victory (in the war)
7. no pulse, nor will – lifeless/dead

4. The figures of speech ‘Apostrophe’ exists throughout the poem. Pick out lines where the poet directly addresses:

Question (a)
the dead captain:
Answer:
1. O Captain! My Captain!
2. rise up and hear the bells.

Question (b)
The grief in his heart:
Answer:
1. But O heart! heart! heart!
2. O the bleeding drops of red.

Question (c)
The sea shore:
Answer:
1. Exult, O shores and ring,
2. O bells!

B. Find from the poem, one example of each of the following.

Question (B)
Find from the poem, one example of each of the following.
Answer:
(a) Personification – O Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done.
(b) Alliteration – The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done.
(c) Tautology – Where on the deck my Captain lies, fallen cold and dead.
(d) Exclamation – But O heart! heart! heart!
(e) Antithesis – While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring.

5. Find and answer in your own words:

Question (a)
What are the signs that the captain has passed away?
Answer:
Everyone’s eyes follow the steady keel of the ship, the vessel that seems so serious and bold. Where on the deck my Captain lies, fallen cold and dead. These lines shows that the captain has passed away.

Question (b)
Why was the crowd on the shore eagerly waiting to felicitate their captain?
Answer:
As the people saw the ship very close to the port, they felt that their captain is back. So they started shouting and enjoying to welcome their king. They wanted to felicitate their king for his great victory in the Civil War.

Question (c)
What are the signs that show the people are celebrating victory ?
Answer:
The bells are ringing when the victorious ship is near. The flag is flung. The bugle is playing loudly. People are crowding along the shores. They are rejoicing. They have come with bouquets and ribboned garlands to welcome their victorious Captain. These signs show that the people are celebrating victory.

Question (d)
……. dear father! This arm beneath your head…” Why do you think the speaker in the poem puts his arm under the Captain’s head?
Answer:
The speaker in the poem puts his arms under the Captain’s head because he wants to help him to hear the bells of happiness, he wants to show him the flag of victory and the happiness of the people who were there with bouquets and wreaths.

Question (e)
Describe the grief that the speaker in the poem feels at the death of his Captain.
Answer:
When the speaker in the poem saw steady keel of the ship that seems serious and bold; his heart is suddenly filled with very strong emotion. He urged his captain to rise up and hear the bells. He told him to rise up because the flag is flung for him. For him the bugle sounds. For him people have brought bouquets and wreaths. People are crowding along the shore to welcome him. He felt very sad and lamented after seeing captain’s dead body on the deck.

6. Glance through the poem again to find who the speaker addresses in the first two stanzas and the last stanza.

Question 1.
Glance through the poem again to find who the speaker addresses in the first two stanzas and the last stanza.
Answer:
In the first two stanzas the speaker addresses the Captain of the ship. In the last stanza, the speaker addresses the crowd gathered at the shore to welcome the Captain.

7. Fill the qualities in the diagram given below: (Answers is directly given.)

Question 1.
Fill the qualities in the diagram given below: (Answers is directly given.)

1. courage
2. naval expert
3. integrity
4. visionary
5. confidence
6. humane
7. self-disciplined
8. sympathetic
9. leadership
10. foresight
11. knowledge of weather signs
12. positive attitude
13. role – model
14. selfless service
15. good administrator

Answer:

8. Complete the following sentences choosing from the alternatives:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences choosing from the alternatives:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
(a) The rhyme scheme of the poem is aabbcded. (aabbccdd/abcdede/aabbcded)
(b) The line repeated in every stanza fallen cold and dead. (O Captain! My Captain!/Fallen cold and dead)
(c) The steady rhythm in the poem consists of a pattern of three beats (three/four/five)
(d) In the third stanza the speaker does not address the Captain, (first/second/third)
(e) The type of poem is elegy because it is composed in memory of a passed away personality. (sonnet, lyric, elegy)

9. The feeling of grief and pain of the speaker in this poem are comparable to those of a great Maratha leader, inspite of winning the battle at a fort in Maharashtra. Guess who the great Maratha leader was and the Captain who was killed in the battle. Write down other basic historical facts of the above.

Question 1.
The feeling of grief and pain of the speaker in this poem are comparable to those of a great Maratha leader, inspite of winning the battle at a fort in Maharashtra. Guess who the great Maratha leader was and the Captain who was killed in the battle. Write down other basic historical facts of the above.
Answer:
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the king of Marathas, wished to capture the strong and unconquerable Kondana fort, which was under the Mughal Emperor, Aurangazeb. Keeper of the Kondana was Udaybhan Rathor, a great warrior of the Mughals. Tanaji Malusare, the brave lion-hearted general of Shivaji Maharaj took the responsibility to fulfil his king’s wish.

Tanaji, with a few mavalas climbed up the fort at night with the help of ropes. He fought gallantly against the Mughals and conquered Kondana. Unfortunately Tanaji was killed in the battle. When Maharaj heard that heart-breaking news of the great warrior’s death, he expressed his grief and pain with the words – ‘I have won the fort but I have lost my lion.’ Since then the Kondana fort was called as ‘Sinhagadh.’

10. The poem has described the sad demise of the Captain. How would you console the son of | the Captain? Write a short paragraph using the points given below:

Question 1.
The poem has described the sad demise of the Captain. How would you console the son of | the Captain? Write a short paragraph using the points given below:
(a) Expressing grief on the death,
(b) An act of God.
(c) Words/sentences giving strength and courage to face the situation.
(d) Add your own points.
Answer:
Consoling the son of the Captain

I am at a total loss for words to express my feelings. I don’t understand how to console you for ! the loss of your father. Your father was a great man, full of integrity and character. Losing your dad can | be extremely difficult for you because you have lost your source of strength, stability and consistency in your life. I am extremely sorry for your loss.

He was a real hero for the nation and a real patriot giving inspiration to all. Your dad was a brave man. He had great courage and valour. He will be missed greatly and always remembered during the time of crisis. I extend my heartfelt sympathy to you and your family. May the soul of your father be at peace with our Heavenly father.

11. Read the poem. Write an appreciation of the poem in about 12 to 15 sentences.

Question 1.
Read the poem. Write an appreciation of the poem in about 12 to 15 sentences.
Answer:

1. Title: O Captain! My Captain!
2. Poet: Walt Whitman.
3. Rhyme Scheme: The rhyme scheme for the stanzas 1, 3, and 5 is ‘aabb’. For stanzas 2, 4, and 6, it is ‘abcb’.
4. Figure of Speech (Any 1): Repetition, Tautology, Personification.
5. Theme/Central Idea: The Central Idea of the poem is the lamentation (an expression of great sadness) for the death of the Captain.

Here, America, which had undergone the Civil War, is compared to a ship that had weathered a rough voyage; Abraham Lincoln, who steered the state through the Civil War is compared to the Captain. Five days after the war ended Abraham Lincoln was shot dead. The poet laments the death of this great leader.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.3 O Captain! My Captain! Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. The speaker expresses his relief that the ship has reached its home port. – True
2. Captain’s dead body is lying on the land. – False
3. According to the speaker, his captain’s death feels like a horrible dream. – True
4. The people are cheering because the voyage of the ship is successful. – True

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks and complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The Captain lies cold and dead on the deck.
2. When the ship reached its home port he heard the people rejoicing and celebrating.
3. The poet tells the Captain to rise up and hear the bell.
4. The speaker is filled with grief because his captain is fallen cold and dead.
5. The location of the battleship is near the port.
6. While waiting to welcome the captain of the ship the people are rejoicing and celebrating.

Question 3.
State whether you agree or disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. Stanza II portrays how people celebrate the triumph of the ship and their leader. – Agree
2. The poet refers to the fallen Captain as “Father”- the father of nation. – Agree
3. Stanza III expresses the poet’s profound sorrow for President Lincoln’s death. – Agree
4. The poet is celebrating victory with the people of his country with joy. – Disagree

Question 4.
Fill in the blanks:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The poet steps slowly and sadly on the deck.
2. It is like a dream the Captain is fallen on the deck cold and dead.
3. The poet tells his Captain to rise up and hear the bells.

Complex Factual Activities:

Find out the line/lines from the extract as ‘a proof’ for the following:

Question 1.
The civil war has ended.
Answer:
our fearful trip is done.

Question 2.
America has braved the tough storm of Civil War.
Answer:
The ship has weather’d every rack.

Question 3.
The speaker calls out to the Captain to rise up and join in the celebration of the end of the war.
Answer:
O Captain! My Captain! rise up and hear the bells.

Question 4.
The Captain is felicitated for the victory in the war.
Answer:
for you the flag is flung-for you the bulge trills.

Complete the following:

Question 1.
Complete the following:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
(a) Captain does not feel anything because he has no pulse nor will as he is cold and dead.
(b) The ship is anchored safe and sound.

Activities based on Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Find from the extract one example each of the following:
Answer:

1. Exclamation – Exult O shores, and ring, O bells!
2. Tautology – My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still.
3. Personification – From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object won.

Question 2.
Pick out rhyming pairs from the extract.
Answer:
1. Stanza 1: done-one; exulting-daring; red-dead
2. Stanza 2: bells-trills; a crowding-turning head-dead.

My English Coursebook 10th Class Solutions Pdf Unit 4

• The World is Mine Class 10 English Solutions
• Bholi Class 10 English Solutions
• O Captain! My Captain! Class 10 English Solutions
• Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Class 10 English Solutions
• Joan of Arc Class 10 English Solutions
• A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Class 10 English Solutions

Class 10 English Chapter 2.4 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

An Epitome of Courage Poem 10th Std Question Answer

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

A Strange Truth – ‘Handicapped are those who refuse to take up challenges, even with all their senses and physiology in perfect condition.’

Question 1.
Understand and discuss the above truth.
Answer:
(वरील सत्याविषयी समजून घ्या व चर्चा करा.)

Question 2.
How can you encourage such people to change and become confident? Discuss at least 4 to 5 ways you can do the above.
Answer:
1. The discussion should be related to the people who are not really disabled mentally or physically. This truth is about the people who are mentally and physically perfect but avoid, hesitate or neglect doing something challenging. By some reasons, they are not ready to change their attitude or fixed ideas. They don’t wish to change their mindset and stick to their passive and inactive attitude.

2. Think and try to understand the reasons behind their lethargy, inactiveness or indifference and try to encourage them and give them confidence.

3. Ways to encourage them and give confidence :

• Know his mindset, know his/her handicaps and obstacles he faced.
• Talk to him/her in friendly manner about his good qualities.
• Give examples of successful persons who have faced the challenges.
• Advice him/her to be brave, courageous and active.
• Help him/her in the fields where he/she lacks (confidence, courage, boldness, openness, etc.)

1. There are pleasant and polite ways of referring to people with physical and mental disabilities. Fill in the table below:

Question 1.
There are pleasant and polite ways of referring to people with physical and mental disabilities. Fill in the table below:

Answer:

Previously used Term	New Polite Terms
1. Blind	(a) Visually challenged
2. Deaf	(b) Hearing impaired
3. Dumb	(c) Speech impaired
4. mad	(d) mentally ill
5. lame	(e) physically handicapped

2. Read the beginning and complete the story in your own words:
Sumit, the son oç a shoe maker, was a highly intelligent student in a municipal school. His Maths teacher Called him 1Einstein’, for he was brilliant in Maths.
He loved Maths. umit wanted to study further after C, however he suffered
from Polio and …..
Now, continue the story with a favourable/positive ending.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

English Workshop:

1. Match the following. 

Question 1.
Match the following.

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Galileo	(d) The greatest scientist 300 years before Hawking.
2. Dr. Stephen Hawking	(c) The greatest scientist of this century.
3. Black Holes	(a) The concept which helped Stephen to get his Ph.D.
4. Stephen’s favourite subjects	(b) Music andMathematics

2. Complete the following web-chart containing the qualities of Dr. Stephen Hawking.

Question 1.
Complete the following web-chart containing the qualities of Dr. Stephen Hawking.

Answer:

3. Arrange the following statements according to the occurance in the life history of Dr Stephen Hawking.

Question 1.
Arrange the following statements according to the occurance in the life history of Dr Stephen Hawking.
(a) At the age of 17, Stephen noticed that he fell down a couple of times for no reason.
(b) He became a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(c) He believes that in the next millenium, science will discover the core secrets of the universe.
(d) Stephen was born on 8th January, 1942 and then grew up like an average child and a normal teenager.
(e) The disease worked its way into Stephen’s body and left him disabled.
(f) Stephen decided to continue his doctoral research work with renewed vigor.
(g) Stephen was diagnosed with a rare disease – ALS or LOU.
(h) Though confined to a wheelchair he worked on computer and expressed his thoughts.
Answer:
(a) Stephen was born on 8th January, 1942 and then grew up like an average child and a normal teenager.
(b) At the age of 17, Stephen noticed that he fell down a couple of times for no reason.
(c) Stephen was diagnosed with a rare disease- ALS or LOU.
(d) Stephen decided to continue his doctoral research work with renewed vigour.
(e) The disease worked its way into Stephen’s body and left him disabled.
(f) Though confined to a wheelchair he worked on computer and expressed his thoughts.
(g) He became a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(h) He believes that in the next millennium, science will discover the core secrets of the universe.

4. Homographs – Pairs of words that are spelled and pronounced the same, but have different meanings, in different contexts.
For example

• watch – observe
• watch – device that shows time

Question 1.
Use the following words in two different contexts.
Answer:
(a) couple – couple
1. The bowler managed to take a couple of wickets.
2. The elderly couple was taking a walk in the park.

(b) mind – mind
1. There were many thoughts in his mind, before he left his house.
2. Do you mind, if I put on the fan?

(c) space – space
1. We shall make some space for our new table.
2. Man is thinking of building a space station on the moon.

(d) sound – sound
1. The loud sound at midnight startled everyone.
2. His idea of celebrating birthday in a different way sounds quite interesting.

(e) left – left
1. Go straight and then turn left to reach the station.
2. As soon as he completed his Ph.D., he left for USA.

5. Use the following words/phrases in your own sentences.

Question 1.
Use the following words/phrases in your own sentences.
(a) quirk of fate
(b) confined to
(c) exaggeration
(d) an epitome of
(e) millennium.
Answer:
(a) By the quirk of fate, all the members of the happy family died in an accident.
(b) My neighbour is confined to bed for a long time with paralysis.
(c) He told me the strange news without any . exaggeration.
(d) The champion cricketer is an epitome of modesty
(e) I believe that man will go to stay on other planets before the next millennium.

6. Expand the given themes. Make use of this support/hints:

Question 1.

Expand the given themes.	Make use of this support/hints:
(a) If you fall ill during your final exam.	First step/what to do support/help
(b) If you meet a disabled person who needs help.	Act/behave Contact whom?
(c) If your friend is in trouble.	Gestures/Body language Patience/Tolerance
(d) If you meet a great person like Dr. Stephen Hawking.	Plan/organise Face /Handle/Overcome Succeed/Accomplish

Answer:
Question a.
Falling ill during the Final Exam.
Answer:
If I fall ill during my final exam, I’ll feel worried in the beginning. But soon I’ll collect myself and will face the problem boldly. Determinedly I’ll continue to appear for the remaining exam papers because there will be no reason getting into a panic about the final exam. I already have completed my study and revised it well before the exam.
My parents, I am sure, will be there to nurse me well and look after my health, medicines and my fast recovery. My friends also will help me in my

studies. They will comfort me and give me confidence. If I feel a little better, I myself will continue my studies for the final exam. So everything will fall into place.

Question b.
Helping a Disabled Person.
Answer:
If I meet a disabled person who needs help, I’ll treat him kindly. I shall sympathetically enquire about his difficulties and his requirements. I shall, with the help of my friends, try to provide him with the things he needs. If his needs are beyond our reach, we shall contact the persons or the organizations who could support him and fulfill his needs and requirements. We shall continue our efforts till he meets all his essential needs and equipment.

Question c.
Helping a Friend in Trouble.
Answer:
If any of my friends is in trouble, I will immediately visit him and find out the nature of his trouble. I shall try to pacify him if he is really very much affected. I shall console him if his trouble is because of emotional or financial problems. My friends and I will promise him to share his problem if he speaks it up clearly and freely. A trouble shared is a trouble halved. We shall advise him to be patient and tolerate the situation bravely and courageously. We shall try to help and support our friend in every possible way.

Question d.
Meeting a Great Person like Dr. Stephen Hawking.
Answer:
Before meeting such a great person like Dr. Stephen Hawking, I will have to preplan my visit and get permission for the visit from him. I must be ready with the information about his life history, his characteristics, his education, his achievements and his display of exemplary courage in the face of overwhelming odds.

It is difficult to face and get to talk to such an awe-inspiring person. But I know how to handle myself in this situation. I will talk to him boldly and respectfully. I will overcome my fear of meeting such a great man. I will tell him how I am impressed and inspired by his work and achievements. I will get the greatest joy of my life in meeting such a great personality.

7. You happen to meet a successful person who is a disabled. Write an imaginary dialogue between you and him/her. You can take support of the hints provided.

Question 1.
You happen to meet a successful person who is a disabled. Write an imaginary dialogue between you and him/her. You can take support of the hints provided.
(a) introductionlwelcome/greetings
(b) congratulating/honouring
(c) cause/reason for the disability
(d) decisionlplan/organisationlimplementation
(e) idols in life
(f) parents/friends – support if any
(g) success stories/accomplishments
(h) conclusion/final message if any
Answer:
Answer:
An Imaginary Dialogue between Sumit, a disabled and you:

• Myself: Hello, Sir, nice to meet you. I have read that you have received ‘The Sangeet Samrat’ Award of our city. Congratulations!
• Sumit: Yes, you are right, and thank you for your good wishes.
• Myself: You are confined to the wheelchair and both your legs are amputated. What made you disabled?
• Sumit: At the age of five I was crippled by Polio, The disease worked its way into my legs and they had to be amputated. I was confined to this wheelchair since then.
• Myself: I wonder how you could achieve such a great feat. Didn’t you feel depressed?
• Sumit: That is a long story. Music was in my blood. My father was a great classical singer. I used to listen to him since my childhood. He was my first Guru.
• Myself: With all your sufferings and this disability, what made you live a normal life and who inspired you?

Sumit: God is great! And courage is a wonderful thing! I was optimistic, so I faced the calamity without losing heart. Fortunately one of our teachers in our special school inspired me. He told me the story of Wilma Rudolf whose legs were crippled by Polio. Even then she wanted to become the fastest runner in the world and she did it! She practised with determination.

She failed in many races got up started again. The day came when she reached Rome for participating in the 1960 Olympics. In women’s running races (events), she won gold medals in 100 metres running, 200 metres running and 400 metres relay race, defeating all the participants. She became the fastest runner in the then world. The story inspired me and I started my riyaz undauntedly for hours together and here I am today.

• Myself: Were there any obstacles?
• Sumit: Yes, there were. I faced them boldly and moved ahead. People began to admire my songs and music. Now people respect me as rich and famous, but a humble music director.
• Myself: Could you please tell me about the most memorable day in your career as a music composer?
• Sumit: Yes, It is unforgettable that I received my ‘Sangeet Samrat Award’ from Godlike Guru Pandit Hridaynath Mangeshkar.
• Myself: What are your plans for future?
• Sumit: I will continue my service to music and please my fans.
• Myself: What is your advice to the younger generation?
• Sumit: Come what may. Work hard determinently. Win over your physical or mental calamities courageously. Don’t give up and try your best to get success in life.
• Myself: Thank you for giving your precious time and talk.
• Sumit: It’s my pleasure!

Language Study:

1. Complete the following Word Chain of adjectives.

Question 1.
Complete the following Word Chain of adjectives
(a) cruel →____→ ____ → ____ → ____.
(b) medicine →____ → ____ → ____ → ____.
(c) grow →____ →____ → ____ → ____.
(d) physics →______ → ______→ ______ → ______.
Answer:
(a) cruel → lazy → yearlong → genuine → enthusiastic.
(b) medicine → energy → yardstick → keyboard → diary.
(c) grow → withstand → develop → practice → entertain.
(d) physics → secretary → yawn → nature → eligible

2. (A) Convert the following to Exclamatory sentences of the same meaning.

Question 1.
Convert the following to Exclamatory sentences of the same meaning.
(a) Dr Hawking is a very humble man.
(b) He was very clumsy.
(c) He was very simple and intelligent.
(d) Courage is a truly wonderful thing.

Answer:
(a) How humble a man Dr. Hawking is!
(b) How clumsy was he!
(c) How simple and intelligent was he!
(d) How truly wonderful a thing courage is!

(B) Convert the following to Interrogative (Question) form.

Question 1.
Convert the following to Interrogative (Question) form.

1. The prognosis was bad.
2. Stephen decided to continue his research.
3. There are many people who display exemplary courage.
4. His mind would soar up into space like light.

Answer:

1. Wasn’t the prognosis bad?
2. Didn’t Stephen decide to continue his research?
3. Aren’t there many people who display exemplary courage?
4. Wouldn’t his mind soar up into space, like light?

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the information from the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born on the eighth day of January 1942 in Oxford.
2. Courage is the quality which makes people not to lose heart when faced with a great calamity.
3. Dr. Stephen Hawking was a living legend of Cosmology.
4. He wanted to study mathematics but the Oxford University did not have mathematics course then, so he opted to study physics instead.
5. Stephen Hawking’s parents failed to know ! about Stephen that one day their little boy ; will be acclaimed as one of the greatest scientist of this century.
6. Stephen Hawkings was sent to the University of Oxford to study Mathematics.

Question 2.
State whether the following sentences are True or False:
Answer:

1. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born on the eighth day of February 1942. – False
2. Dr. Stephen Hawking was a living legend of Biology. – False
3. Courage makes people not lose heart when faced with a great calamity. – True
4. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born before the death of Galileo. – False

Question 3.
Say whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. At the age of 17 Dr. Stephen Hawking was suffering from an extremely rare disease. – True
2. Stephen’s teachers liked his handwriting very much. – False
3. He got his Ph.D. studying the concept of ‘Black Holes’. – True
4. At the dismal stage Dr. Hawking enjoyed his life the most. – True

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the information given in the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Dr. Hawking is a very humble man, though he is considered Einstein’s equal in intelligence.
2. Dr. Hawking expressed his thoughts with the help of his finger and with a computer.
3. He was bestowed with numerous honorary doctorates and awards.
4. Dr. Hawking’s ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of the best selling books of our time.

Complex Factual Activities

Question 1.
What do you know about Dr Stephen Hawking from this passage?
Answer:
Dr Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford on the 8th of January 1942. Nobody could imagine that the little boy would be one of the greatest scientists of this century. He faced a great calamity with great courage and became living legend of Cosmology. His body was bound to a wheelchair but his mind was working and that made him one of the greatest scientists of this century.

As a child he had a lot of love for music and mathematics. His father wanted him to study medicine but he was bent on studying mathematics. The Oxford University did not have a course in mathematics, so he opted to study physics.

Question 2.
Complete the web:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 3.
Complete the following web showing the effects of the disease ALS or LOU on Dr Hawking:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 4.
What did Dr. Stephen achieve even after the disease disabled him?
Answer:
Even after the disease disabled Stephen he continued his doctoral research work with renewed vigour. He studied the concept of “Black Holes” and got his Ph.D. in the subject. The study sparked his imagination with bright ideas. He made many epoch-making statements that shook established theories. To explain the concept of ‘Big Bang’ better, Stephen invented what is known as “Lie Algebra”.

Question 5.
What does the writer say about the books authored by Dr. Hawking?
Answer:
The writer says about Dr. Hawking’s books that he wrote many books dealing with his terrific ideas keeping a common man in mind. His writing is full of wit and humour. His style is so lucid that non-scientists can also understand his writing. His book ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of the best selling books of our time.

Question 6.
Which of Dr. Hawking’s achievements are mentioned in this passage?
Answer:
Dr. Hawking is an authority on profound subjects of science. Numerous honorary doctorates and awards have been bestowed upon him. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Sciences. He has authored many books dealing with his awesome ideas. His book ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of best selling books of our times.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Classify the following words into verbs, adjectives and nouns:
whole, know, little, predict, calamity, legend, mind, physics, great, imagine, wonderful, cruel, courage, faced, grew, heart, fate, course.
Answer:

1. Verbs – know, predict, imagine, faced, grew
   
2. Adjectives – little, wonderful, cruel, whole, great
3. Nouns – calamity, legend, mind, physics, courage, heart, fate, course

Question 2.
Find the similar meaning word/phrase for the following from the passage
Answer:

1. a period of hundred years – century
2. a very fine example of something – epitome
3. acclaimed – hailed
4. unexpected change of destiny – quirk of fate

Question 3.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. confined	(a) determined despite difficulties
2. undaunted	(b) awkward
3. perplexed	(c) restricted
4. clumsy	(d) worried because of difficulty

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. confined	(c) restricted
2. undaunted	(a) determined despite difficulties
3. perplexed	(d) worried because of difficulty
4. clumsy	(b) awkward

Question 4.
Write the adjectives for the following nouns from the passage:

1. ideas
2. style
3. courage
4. secrets.

Answer:

1. awesome ideas
2. lucid style
3. exemplary courage
4. core secrets

Question 5.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. profound	(a) a person without any special skill
2. awesome	(b) a perfect example
3. layman	(c) showing very (knowledge) great
4. quintessence	(d) very impressive

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. profound	(c) showing very (knowledge)
2. awesome	(d) very impressive
3. layman	(a) a person without any special skill
4. quintessence	(b) a perfect example

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Make the following sentences exclamatory:

i. Courage is truly a wonderful thing.
Answer:
What a wonderful thing courage is!

ii. He was very clumsy.
Answer:
How clumsy he was!

Question 2.
Change the following sentence into positive and comparative degree:
Dr Hawking is one of the greatest scientists of this century.
Answer:
i. Positive degree: Very few (Not many) scientists of this century are as great as Dr. Hawking.
ii. Comparative degree: Dr. Hawking is greater than most other scientists of this century.

Question 3.
He is one of the greatest scientists of this century. (Choose the correct question tag from the given alternatives.)
(a) aren’t he?
(b) is he?
(c) wasn’t he?
(d) isn’t he?
Answer:
He is one of the greatest scientists of this century; isn’t he?

Question 4.
He made many epoch-making statements. (Rewrite the sentence using Present Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
He is making many epoch-making statements.

Question 5.
This disease came as a bolt from the blue. (Rewrite the sentence using Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
This disease had come as a bolt from the blue.

Personal Responses:

Question 1.
Do you think, that courage is a wonderful thing? Why do you think so?
Answer:
Yes, I do think that courage is a wonderful I think because it can work miracles in one’s life. A person with great courage stimulates an ordinary or even a disabled person to achieve the impossible, I know a small boy who rescued his younger sister from a tiger’s fierce attack. A courageous person is brave enough to do whatever he/she feels to be right and good in his or her opinion.

Question 2.
What, do you think, are the miseries of a person who is confined to wheelchair?
Answer:
I think, the person who is confined to a wheelchair has to face many restrictions, difficulties and inconveniences. He is mentally and physically depressed all the time. He is deprived of living comfortable happy life. He neither has control over his limbs nor on his mind.

Question 3.
How do you know that Dr. Hawking is a perfect example of optimism and hope?
Answer:
He fully believed in his courage, his intelligence and his authority on profound subjects of science. He did not lose his hopes, even when he was suffering from the dreaded ALS disease. He believed that his life was not different from other people. He tried his best and lived a normal life like other people. He did not think about his sufferings or regret the things that prevented him from doing the things he hoped. His optimism helped him to fulfill his hopes and goals.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
His writing is full of wit and humour.
(Rewrite the sentence using Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
His writing had been full of wit and humour.

Question 2.
He is a fellow of the Royal society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(Use not only – but also)
Answer:
He is not only a fellow of the Royal society but also a member.

Activities based on Language Study

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using the correct letter:

1. d e _ t h
2. s t _ g e
3. b o o _ s
4. b _ a v e

Answer:

1. d e a t h
2. s t a g e
3. b o o k s
4. b r a v e

Question 2.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:

1. profound, prognosis, planet, possible
2. undaunted, confined, awesome, explain

Answer:

1. planet, possible, profound, prognosis
2. awesome, confined, explain, undaunted

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:

1. he said to her we must have to come out of this calamity
2. shall we reach meeras house on time i asked.

Answer:

1. He said to her, “We must have to come out of this calamity.”
2. “Shall we reach Meera’s house on time?” I asked.

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word meanwhile:
Answer:
mean, while, meal, mile

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Do as directed:

1. Attempt anyone:

b. Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully.
Nobody thought that
Answer:
Nobody thought that he would become such a great sportsman.

2. Attempt anyone:

a. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words:
1. known
2. lucky
Answer:
1. unknown
2. unlucky

OR

b. Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. known
2. lucky
Answer:
1. Satyendra Nath Bose was one of the known scientists of India.
2. Our school team was lucky to win the Kabaddi match at the last moment.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Pdf Unit 2

• You Start Dying Slowly … Class 10 English Solutions
• The Boy who Broke The Bank Class 10 English Solutions
• The Twins Class 10 English Solutions
• An Epitome of Courage Class 10 English Solutions
• Book Review – Swami and Friends Class 10 English Solutions
• World Heritage Class 10 English Solutions

Class 10th Sanskrit Aamod Chapter 11 जटायुशौर्यम् Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Amod Chapter 11 जटायुशौर्यम् Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 10 Sanskrit Chapter 11 Question Answer

Sanskrit Amod Std 10 Digest Chapter 11 जटायुशौर्यम् Textbook Questions and Answers

भाषाभ्यास:

1. लिट्पाणि चित्वा लिखत ।

प्रश्न 1.

2. नाम-तालिकां पूरयत ।

3. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न अ.
ततस्सा
उत्तरम् :
ततऽस्य – ततः + अस्य। महातेजा

प्रश्न आ.
ददर्शायतलोचना
उत्तरम् :
ददर्शायतलोचना – ददर्श + आयतलोचना।

प्रश्न इ.
वृद्धोऽहम्
उत्तरम् :
वृद्धोऽहम् – वृद्धः + अहम्।

प्रश्न ई.
तथाप्यादाय
उत्तरम् :
तथाप्यादाय – तथा + अपि + आदाय।

4. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरं लिखत ।
जटायुरावणयोः सङ्घर्षस्य वर्णनं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न 1.
जटायुरावणयोः सङ्घर्षस्य वर्णनं कुरुत।
उत्तरम् :
‘जटायुशौर्यम्’ या पाठात जटायू नामक गिधाडाने सीतेला रावणाच्या तावडीतून सोडवण्यासाठी स्वत:च्या प्राणांची आहुती कशी दिली, याचे वर्णन केले आहे. सीतेचे अपहरण करण्यासाठी रावण साधूच्या वेशात सीतेच्या पर्णकुटीपाशी पोहोचला. त्याला भिक्षा देण्यासाठी सीता कुटीबाहेर आली असता त्याने कपटाने तिचे अपहरण केले व तिला आपल्या सोबत लंकेस घेऊन जाऊ लागला. ती दुःखाने रामाचा धावा करत असताना तिच्या दृष्टीस जटायू पडला. तिने बचावासाठी मारलेली आर्त हाक जटायूने ऐकली व तिला मदत करण्यासाठी तो पुढे सरसावला.

प्रथम जटायूने नम शब्दात रावणाला विनंती केली की, “परस्त्रीचा अपमान करु नकोस, हे नीच कृत्य थांबव. कारण दुसऱ्यांना त्रास होईल असे वर्तन वीरपुरुषाने करू नये, मी वृद्ध आहे, पण तू तरुण, धनुष्यबाणधारी, रथारूढ, चिलखत घातलेले आहेस. तरीही मी तुला सहजासहजी सीतेला नेऊ देणार नाही.”

असे बोलून त्याने आपल्या तीक्ष्ण नखांनी रावणावर हल्ला चढवला. आपल्या पायांनी रावणाचे मोतीजडीत धनुष्यबाण मोडून टाकले. जटायू पूर्ण शक्तीने रावणावर तुटून पडला. त्यामुळे संतप्त होऊन रावणाने त्याला चिरडून टाकले. तलवारीने त्याचे पंख, व पाय छाटून टाकले. रावणाच्या या क्रूर कर्मामुळे जटायू गतप्राण होऊन जमिनीवर पडला.

आजच्या काळात एक माणूस दुसऱ्या माणसाला मदत करताना संकोच करतो. अशा समाजाच्या डोळ्यांत अंजन घालण्याचे काम या पाठाद्वारे होते.

The chapter ‘teryxid describes how a vulture sacrificed it’s life for helping file to get released from the custody of रावण. रावण reached the hermitage of सीता disguised as a monk. As she came out of the hermitage to give him alms, he abducted her deceitfully and took her along him to Lanka. She saw as she was lamenting in grief and pleaded TH to come for her rescue. Hearing her lamenting with grief Fery came forward to help her.

At first Hery humbly requested to that “You should not disrespect other’s wife. Stop this inferior deed as a brave man should not behave in such a way that it troubles others. I am old. You are young, armed with bow and arrows, seated on a chariot and wearing an armour.

Yet I can easily stop you from abducting सीता. Saying thus, it attacked 17 with sharp nails. He broke as bow, that was adorned with pearls, with his feet. It fought with strength. But 74 crushed it with anger. He cut his wings and feet with a sword, 24 got dead and fell on the ground due to cruel behavior of रावण. This story is an eye-opener in today’s world where people hesitate to help others in their time of need.

5. समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
सीता, रावणः, शृङ्गम्, तुण्डम्, पतगः

प्रश्न 1.
समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
सीता, रावणः, शृङ्गम्, तुण्डम्, पतगः
उत्तरम् :

• सीता – वैदेही, जानकी, मैथिली।
• रावणः – दशाननः, दशग्रीवः, लङ्काधीशः, लकेशः।
• शृङ्गम् – शिखरम्।
• तुण्डम् – मुखम्, आननम्, वदनम्, वक्त्रम्।
• पतगः – पक्षी, द्विजः, खगः।

6. धातु-तालिकां पूरयत ।

7. सर्वनाम-तालिकां पूरयत ।

8. विशेषणानि अन्विष्य लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.

उत्तरम् :

प्रश्न आ.

उत्तरम् :

प्रश्न इ.

उत्तरम् :

9. सूचनानुसारं कृती: कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
सीता वनस्पतिगतं गृधं ददर्श (लङ्-लकारे परिवर्तयत ।)
उत्तरम् :
सीता वनस्पतिगतं गृधम् अपश्यत् ।

प्रश्न आ.
जटायुः रावणस्य गात्रे व्रणान् चकार (लङ्-लकारे परिवर्तयत ।)
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः रावणस्य गात्रे व्रणान् अकरोत्।

प्रश्न इ.
रावणः खड्गमुद्धृत्य पक्षौ अच्छिनत् ।(पूर्वकालवाचकम् अव्ययं निष्कासयत ।)
उत्तरम् :
रावणः खड्गम् उदधरत् पक्षौ अच्छिनत् च ।

Sanskrit Amod Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 11 जटायुशौर्यम् Additional Important Questions and Answers

सन्धिविग्रहं :

1. गृहीताऽतिचुक्रोश – गृहीता + अतिचुक्रोश।
2. रामेति – राम + इति।
3. करुणा वाचो विलपन्ती – करुणा: + वाचः + विलपन्ती।
4. मामार्य – माम् + आर्य।
5. ह्रियमाणामनाथवत् – ह्रियमाणाम् + अनाथवत्।
6. राक्षसेन्द्रेणाकरुणम् – राक्षसेन्द्रेण + अकरुणम्।
7. शब्दमवसुप्तस्तु – शब्दम् + अवसुप्त: +तु।
8. जटायुरथ – जटायु: + अथ।
9. निरैक्षद् वैदेहीम् – निक्षत् + वैदेहीम्।
10. पर्वतशृङ्गाभस्तीक्ष्णतुण्डः – पर्वतशृङ्गाभः + तीक्ष्णातुण्डः।
11. श्रीमान्व्याजहार – श्रीमान् + व्याजहार।
12. तत्समाचरेद्धीरो परो यदि – तत् + समाचरेत् + धीरः + पर: + यत् + हि।

अवबोधनम्

(क) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
सीता किम् अतिचुक्रोश?
उत्तरम् :
सीता रामेति अतिचुक्रोश।

प्रश्न 2.
सीतायाः कानि विशेषणानि?
उत्तरम् :
गृहीता, यशस्विनी, दुःखार्ता इति सीतायाः विशेषणानि।

प्रश्न 3.
सीता कं ददर्श?
उत्तरम् :
सीता वनस्पतिगतं गृधं ददर्श।

प्रश्न 4.
सीता केन ह्रियमाणा?
उत्तरम् :
सीता राक्षसेन्द्रेण ह्रियमाणा।

प्रश्न 5.
राक्षसेन्द्रः कीदृशः?
उत्तरम् :
राक्षसेन्द्रः पापकर्मा।

प्रश्न 6.
जटायुः कं कं अपश्यत्?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः रावणं वैदेहीं च अपश्यत्।

प्रश्न 7.
क: शब्दं शुश्रुवे?
उत्तरम् :
जटायु: शब्दं शुश्रुवे।

प्रश्न 8.
कः अवसुप्तः?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः अवसुप्तः।

प्रश्न 9.
जटायुः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः पर्वतशृङ्गाभः, तीक्ष्णतुण्डः, खगोत्तमः, वनस्पतिगतः, श्रीमान आसीत।

प्रश्न 10.
धीर: किं न समाचरेत्?
उत्तरम् :
यत् पर: विगर्हयेत् तत् धीर: न समाचरेत्।

प्रश्न 11.
जटायुः कीदृशः आसीत् ?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः वद्धः आसीत्।।

प्रश्न 12.
रावणः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
रावणः युवा, बन्ची, सरधः, कवची, शरी च आसीत्।

प्रश्न 13.
जटायुः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः महाबलः, पतगसत्तमः च आसीत्।

प्रश्न 14.
जटायुः कथं व्रणान् चकार?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः तस्य तीक्ष्णनखाभ्यां चरणाभ्यां च व्रणान् चकार ।

प्रश्न 15.
जटायुः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
जटायु:महातेजाः, पतगोत्तमः च आसीत्।

प्रश्न 16.
रावणस्य चापः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
रावणस्य चाप:मुक्तामणिविभूषितः च आसीत्।

प्रश्न 17.
जटायुः चापं कथं बभञ्ज?
उत्तरम् :
जटायुः चापंचरणाभ्यां बभञ्ज ।

प्रश्न 18.
दशग्रीवः क्रोधात् किमकरोत् ?
उत्तरम् :
दशग्रीवः क्रोधात् गृध्रराजम् अपोथयत्।

प्रश्न 19.
दशग्रीवः खड्गमुद्धृत्य किमकरोत् ?
उत्तरम् :
दशग्रीवः खड्गमुद्धृत्य गृध्रराजस्य पक्षी, पाश्वी,पादौ च अच्छिनत्।

प्रश्न 20.
केन रौद्रकर्मणा गृधः हत:?
उत्तरम् :
रक्षसा रौद्रकर्मणा गृध्रः हतः।

प्रश्न 21.
क; धरण्याम् निपपात?
उत्तरम् :
गृध: धरण्याम् निपपात।

प्रश्न 22.
गृधः कीदृशः आसीत्?
उत्तरम् :
गृधः छिन्नपक्षः, अल्पजीवित:, च आसीत्।

प्रश्न 23.
रावणेन गृहीता सीता।
उत्तरम् :
रावण : गृहीतवान् सीताम्।

(ख) विशेषण – विशेष्य – सम्बन्धः।

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
गृहीता / यशस्विनी / दुःखार्ता	सीता
विलपन्ती, सुदुःखिता, आयतलोचना	सीता
आर्य	जटायो
पापकर्मणा	राक्षसेन्द्रेण
अवसुप्तः	जटायुः
पर्वतशृङ्गाभः, तीक्ष्णतुण्डः, खगोत्तमः, वनस्पतिगतः, श्रीमान्	जटायुः
शुभाम्	गिरम
वृध्दः	जटायुः
युवा, धन्वी, सरथः, कवची, शरी	रावणः
महाबलः, पतगसत्तमः	जटायुः
महातेजाः, पतगोत्तमः	जटायु:
सशरम्, मुक्तामणिविभूषितम्	चापम्
हतः, छिन्नपक्षः, अल्पजीवितः	गृध्रः

(ग) त्वं’ स्थाने ‘भवान्’ योजयत।

प्रश्न 1.
त्वं कुशली न गमिष्यसि।
उत्तरम् :
भवान् कुशली न गमिष्यति।

प्रश्न 2.
त्वं युवा असि।
उत्तरम् :
भवान् युवा अस्ति।

(घ) लकारं परिवर्तयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
त्वं कुशली न गमिष्यसि । (विधिलिङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
त्वं कुशली न गच्छे ।

प्रश्न 2.
गृधः धरण्यां निपपात। (लङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
गृधः धरण्यां न्यपतत् ।

समासाः

समस्तपदम्	अर्थ	समासविग्रहः	समासनाम
खगोत्तमः	the excellent bird	उत्तमः खगः।	कर्मधारय समास
आयतलोचना	the one with wide eyes	आयते लोचने यस्याः सा।	बहुव्रीहि समास
वनस्पतिगतः	in the plant/woods	वनस्पतिं गतः।	द्वितीया तत्पुरुष समास
गृध्रराज:	king of vultures	गृधाणां राजा।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
महाबलः	the one with great strength	महत् बलं यस्य सः।	बहुव्रीहि समास
राक्षसेन्द्रः	king of demons	राक्षसाणाम् इन्द्रः।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
तीक्ष्णतुण्ड:	the one with sharp beak	तीक्ष्णं तुण्डं यस्य सः।	बहुव्रीहि समास

भाषाभ्यास:

समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत।

• लोचने – नेत्रे, नयने ।
• शब्दः – नादः, रवः ।
• गिर् – वाक्, वाणी, भाषा।

जटायुशौर्यम् Summary in Marathi and English

प्रस्तावना :

रामायण व महाभारताचा भारतातील ‘आर्ष महाकाव्ये’ असा गौरव केला जातो. यापैकी रामायण ही महर्षी वाल्मीकींनी लिहिलेली जगभरातील सर्वात प्रथम रचलेली काव्यकृती आहे. त्यात 7 कांडे असून 24,000 श्लोक आहेत. वनवासादरम्यान, रावण साधूच्या वेशात सीतेच्या पर्णकुटीपाशी गेला आणि कपटाने तिचे अपहरण केले.

परंतु हे पापकर्म करण्यापासून रोखण्याचा जटायू नामक गिधाडाने जीवापाड प्रयत्न केला. ‘जटायुशौर्यम्’ या पाठात जटायू नामक गिधाडाने सौतेला रावणाच्या तावडीतून सोडवण्यासाठी स्वत:च्या प्राणांची आहुती कशी दिली याचे वर्णन केले आहे.

आजच्या काळात एक माणूस दुसऱ्या माणसाला अडचणीतून सोडवताना संकोच करतो, अशा समाजाच्या डोळ्यांत अंजन घालण्याचे कार्य हा पाठ करतो. रामायणात अशा अनेक प्राणिमात्रांनी स्वत:च्या जीवाची पर्वा न करता रामाला सहकार्य केले होते.

रामायणम् and महाभारतम् are honoured as the epic poetries of India. Out of these, रामायणम् is the first ever poetry composed in the world, by the great sage वाल्मीकि. It contains seven cantos comprising 24,000 verses.

During the exile, Tu reached the hermitage of to having disguised as a monk and abducted her deceitfully. जटायू a vulture tried to stop रावण from doing this sinful deed. The chapter ‘जटायुशौर्यम्’ describes how a vulture sacrificed it’s life for helping it to get released from the custody of 144.

This story is an eyeopener in today’s world where people hesitate to help others in their time of need. In रामायणम्, many animals help राम without caring for their lives.

श्लोकः 1

सा गृहीताऽतिचुक्रोश रावणेन वशस्विनी।
रामेति सीता दुःखार्ता रामे दूरगते वने ।।१।।

अनुवादः

राम वनात दूरवर गेला असता, रावणाने धरलेली तेजस्वी सीता दु:खाने व्याकूळ होऊन ‘राम’ असा आक्रोश करू लागली.

The illustrious lady, सीता, held by रावण, lamented aloud as राम being sunk in grief, when राम had gone far in the forest.

श्लोक: 2

सा तदा करुणा वाचो विलपन्ती सुदुःखिता।
वनस्पतिगतं गृधं ददर्शायतलोचना ।।2।।

अनुवादः

तेव्हा मोठ्या डोळ्यांच्या, अत्यंत दु:खीकष्टी झालेल्या सीतेने करुण आवाजात विलाप करत असताना झाडावर गिधाड पाहिले.

The wide-eyed in who was extremely grieved, was lamenting in pitiable voice, saw a vulture seated on a tree.

श्लोक: 3

जटायो पश्य मामार्य ह्रियमाणामनाथवत्।
अनेन राक्षसेन्द्रेणाकरुणं पापकर्मणा ।।3।।

अनुवादः

“हे आर्य जटायू, पहा या पापी राक्षसेंद्राकरवी एखाद्या अनाथाप्रमाणे निर्दयीपणे माझे अपहरण केले जात आहे.”

“Oh noble जटायू, see me being abducted like an orphan without mercy by this sinful lord of the demons रावण.”

श्लोकः 4

तं शब्दमवसुप्तस्तु जटायुरथ शश्रुवे।
निरक्षद् रावणं क्षिप्रं वैदेहीं च ददर्श सः ।।4।।

अनुवादः

निद्रिस्त असलेल्या त्या जटायूने ते शब्द ऐकले, वेगाने जाणाऱ्या रावणाला व सीतेला पाहिले.

जटायू, who was asleep, heard those words, saw रावण and He going hurriedly.

श्लोक: 5

तत: पर्वतशृङ्गाभस्तीक्ष्णतुण्डः खगोत्तमः।
वनस्पतिगतः श्रीमान्व्याजहार शुभां गिरम् ।।5।।

अनुवादः

तेव्हा पर्वतशिखराप्रमाणे रंग असलेला, तीक्ष्ण चोच असलेला, श्रेष्ठ खग, झाडावर बसलेला आदरणीय (जटायू) नम्र आवाजात म्हणाला.

Then the excellent bird whose colour was like the peak of the mountain, one with a sharp beak, the respected one, seated on a tree spoke in humble speech.

श्लोक: 6

निवर्तय मति नीचां परदाराभिमर्शनात् ।
न तत्समाचरेद्धीरो परो यद्धि विगर्हयेत् ।।६।।

अनुवादः

“(हे रावणा) परक्या स्त्रीचा मान राखण्यासाठी तुझा नीच विचार थांबव. कारण दुसऱ्याने निंदा करावी असे शूरवीर वागत नाहीत.”
“(Oh रावण) changeyour ill-mind as other’s wife should be respected. Because indeed a brave man does not – behave in such a way that is condemned by others.

श्लोकः 7

बद्धोऽहं त्वं युवा धन्वी सरथः कवची शरी।
तथाप्यादाय वैदेहीं कुशली न गमिष्यसि ।।7।।

अनुवादः

मी जरी वृद्ध असलो आणि तू तरुण, धनुष्यबाणासहित, रथारूढ, चिलखत घालून असलास, तरी तू वैदेहीला सहजपणे नेऊ शकत नाहीस.” Although I am old and you are young, armed with bows and arrows, seated on a chariot, wearing an armour, yet you will not go taking & easily.

श्लोक: 8

तस्य तीक्ष्णनखाभ्यां तु चरणाभ्यां महाबलः।
चकार बहुधा गात्रे व्रणान्यतगसत्तमः ।।8।।

अनुवादः

बलाढ्य असलेल्या (जटायू) ने तीक्ष्ण नखांनी व पायांनी (रावणाच्या) शरीरावर बऱ्याच जखमा केल्या.
The extremely strong and the best bird did many wounds on his (रावण’s) body with sharp nails and feet.

श्लोकः 9

ततोऽस्य सशरं चापं मुक्तामणिविभूषितम्।
चरणाभ्यां महातेजा बभञ्ज पतगोत्तमः।।९।।

अनुवाद:

तेव्हा अत्यंत पराक्रमी, श्रेष्ठ खग असलेल्या (जटायू) ने त्याचे मोती जडवलेले व बाण लावलेले धनुष्य पायांनी मोडून टाकले.

Then the extremely brave, great bird (er) broke his bow, that was adorned with pearls and attached with an arrow with his feet.

श्लोकः 10

ततः क्रोधादशग्रीवो गृध्रराजमपोथयत् ।
पक्षौ पाश्वा च पादौ च खड्गमुद्धृत्य सोऽच्छिनत्।।10।।

अनुवादः

तेव्हा त्या दशग्रीव (रावणा) ने रागाने त्या गिधाडाला चिरडून टाकले. तलवार उपसून त्याचे पंख आणि पाय छाटून टाकले.

दशग्रीव (रावण) crushed the great vulture angrily. Raising his sword, cut his wings, and feet.

श्लोक: 11

स छिन्नपक्षः सहसा रक्षसा रौद्रकर्मणा।
निपपात हतो गृधो धरण्यामल्पजीवितः ।।11।।

अनुवादः

राक्षसाच्या रौद्र कृत्यामुळे लगेच मारले गेलेले, पंख छाटलेले ते अल्पायुषी गिधाड जमिनीवर पडले.

That short-lived vulture, whose wings were cut, got killed immediately due to the terrible deeds of the demon and fell on the ground.

शब्दार्था:

1. गृह्यता – held – धरले होते
2. यशस्विनी – illustrious – तेजस्वी
3. अतिचुक्रोश – lamented aloud – मोठ्याने आक्रोश करत ह्येतो
4. दुःखार्ता – sunk in grief – दुःखात बुडालेली
5. पापकर्मणा – by the sinful one – पापी माणसाकडून
6. अकरुणम् – without mercy – निर्दयीपणे
7. अनाथवत् – like an orphan – अनाथ असल्याप्रमाणे
8. ह्रियमाणाम् – being abducted – अपहरण केले जात असपाऱ्या
9. अवसुप्तः – asleep – झोपलेला
10. क्षिप्रम् – speedily – वेगाने
11. निरक्षत् – observed – पाहिले
12. शुश्रुवे – had heard – ऐकले होते+
13. पर्वतशृङ्गाभः – colour like the peak of the mountain – पर्वतशिखराप्रमाणे रंग असलेला
14. तीक्ष्णतुण्डः – having sharp beak – तीक्ष्ण चोच असलेला
15. व्याजहार – spoke – बोलला
16. शुभां – in humble speech – गिरम्
17. सरथः – seated on a chariot – रथी / रथारूढ़
18. धन्वी – armed with a bow – धनुष्यधारी
19. कवची – wearing armour – चिलखत घातलेला
20. शरी – having arrows – बाण जवळ असलेला
21. कुशली – (here) easily – (इथे) सहजपणे
22. महाबलः – extremely strong – बलाढ्य
23. पतगसत्तमः – the best bird – सर्वोत्तम पक्षी
24. वणान् – wounds – जखमा
25. गात्रे – on the body – शरीरावर
26. चकार – did / made – केले
27. महातेजाः – extremely lustrous / extremely brave – अत्यंत तेजस्वी / अत्यंत शूर
28. पतगोत्तमः – great bird – श्रेष्ठ खग
29. मुक्तामणिविभूषितम् – adorned with pearls – मोती जडवलेले
30. बभज – broke – तोडले
31. दशग्रीवः – Ravan – रावण
32. खड्गम् – sword – तलवार
33. अपोथयत् – crushed – चिरडून टाकले
34. अच्छिनत् – cut – कापले
35. छिनपक्ष: – whose wings are cut – पंख छाटलेला
36. सहसा – at once – लगेच
37. रौद्रकर्मणा – due to terrible deeds – रौद्र कृत्यामुळे
38. निपपात – fell – पडला
39. अल्पजीवितः – short-lived – अल्पायुषी

Aamod Sanskrit Book 10th Class Solutions

• आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा Class 10 Question Answer
• सूक्तिसुधा Class 10 Question Answer
• अमूल्यं कमलम् Class 10 Question Answer
• स एव परमाणुः Class 10 Question Answer
• युग्ममाला Class 10 Question Answer
• संस्कृतनाट्ययुग्मम् Class 10 Question Answer
• वाचनप्रशंसा Class 10 Question Answer
• धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते Class 10 Question Answer
• नदीसूक्तम् Class 10 Question Answer
• जटायुशौर्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• आदिशङ्कराचार्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• चित्रकाव्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• प्रतिपदं संस्कृतम् Class 10 Question Answer
• मानवताधर्मः Class 10 Question Answer

Class 10th Sanskrit Anand Chapter 1 आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Anand Chapter 1 आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 10 Sanskrit Chapter 1 Question Answer

Sanskrit Anand Std 10 Digest Chapter 1 आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Textbook Questions and Answers

भाषाभ्यास:

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.
चारणाः किमर्थम् उत्सुका: ?
उत्तरम् :
चारणाः पृथुनृपस्य स्तुतिं गातुम् उत्सुकाः ।

प्रश्न आ.
भ्रमणसमये पृथुराजेन किं दृष्टम् ?
उत्तरम् :
भ्रमणसमये पृथुराजेन दृष्टं यत् प्रजा: अतीव कृशाः अशक्ता: च। ताः पशुवत् जीवन्ति । निकृष्टान्नं खादन्ति।

प्रश्न इ.
वसुन्धरायाः उदरे किं वर्तते ?
उत्तरम् :
वसुन्धराया: उदरे धनधान्यादि सर्व वस्तुजातं वर्तते।

प्रश्न ई.
स्त्रीरूपं धृत्वा पृथुनृपस्य पुरतः का प्रकटिता अभवत् ?
उत्तरम् :
स्त्रीरूपं धृत्वा पृथुनूपस्य पुरतः भूमि: प्रकटिता अभवत्।

प्रश्न उ.
पृथुवैन्यः कृषिकार्यार्थं जलस्य व्यवस्थापनं कथम् अकरोत् ?
उत्तरम् :
पृथुवैन्यः वृष्टिजलसञ्चयं कृत्वा जलव्यवस्थापनम् अकरोत्।

2. जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत ।

प्रश्न अ.

उत्तरम् :

प्रश्न आ.

उत्तरम् :

प्रश्न इ.

उत्तरम् :

3. पाठ्यांशं पठित्वा प्रवाहिजालं पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
पाठ्यांशं पठित्वा प्रवाहिजालं पूरयत ।

उत्तरम् :

4. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
भूमाता पृथुवैन्यं किम् उपादिशत् ?
उत्तरम् :
आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः हा पाठ म्हणजे पृथुवैन्य राजाच्या कृषिविषयक कार्याचा प्रारंभ व त्याचा विकास याचा इतिहास स्पष्ट करणारी आख्यायिका आहे. एकदा पृथुवैन्य राजा त्याच्या राज्यात फिरत असताना त्याने प्रजेला दयनीय अवस्थेत पाहिले. त्याच्या राज्यातील लोक हलक्या प्रतीच्या अन्नामुळे क्षीण, अशक्त झाले होते. हे पाहून राजाचे मन द्रवले व तो चिंताग्रस्त झाला.

पुरोहितांच्या सांगण्यानुसार त्याने पृथ्वीमधून धन-धान्य बाहेर काढण्याकरिता धनुष्य सज्ज केले. तेव्हा पृथ्वीने स्त्रीरूप धारण केले व राजाला कृषिकार्य करण्याचा आदेश दिला.

भूमातेने नांगर, कुदळ, फावडे, कोयता या उपकरणांच्या साहाय्याने राजाला कृषिकार्य करण्यास सांगितले. भूमातेने राजाला त्याच्या अन्यायी वडिलांचा संदर्भ दिला तसेच त्यावेळी राजाच्या सदाचरणाचे कौतुक केले आणि राजाच्या कृषिकार्यावर तिची कृपा होईल, असे आश्वासन दिले.

आद्यकृषक: पृथुवेन्य: is the legend that reveals the history of Pruthuvainya’s initiation of agricultural work and civilization. Once, the king पृथुवैन्यं was wandering in his kingdom; He saw the pitiable condition of his subjects. His subjects were thin and weak due to low-quality food. The king’s heart melted with compassion and his mind was filled with worry.

On the advice of a priest, he set the bow; when he was about to take out wealth and grains from the earth, the earth disguised as a woman and advised him to do agricultural work.

The earth advised the king to work with the help of hoe, plough, spade, sickles along with his subjects. She reminded the king of his father who was the corrupt king. She praised the king’s righteous behaviour and assured him with her favor in agricultural work.

प्रश्न आ.
धरित्र्याः उपदेशं मनसि निधाय पृथुवैन्यः किं किम् अकरोत् ?
उत्तरम् :
आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः हा पाठ म्हणजे पृथुवैन्य राजाच्या कृषिविषयक कार्याचा प्रारंभ व त्याचा विकास याचा इतिहास स्पष्ट करणारी आख्यायिका आहे. राजाने नदीचा मार्ग अडविला व ते पाणी कृषिकार्यासाठी उपयोगात आणले. पावसाच्या पाण्याचा संचय करून पाण्याचे व्यवस्थापन केले.

जमिनीला सुपीक करण्यासाठी राजाने विशेष प्रयत्न केले, नंतर लोकांनी धान्याच्या बिया पेरल्या. राजाने सुद्धा विविध प्रकारची बी-बियाणे गोळा करून, त्याचे संस्करण केले व प्रयत्नपूर्वक त्याची पेरणी केली. पाऊस झाल्यानंतर धान्यांत अंकुर फुटला. राजाच्या परिश्रमामुळे धान्यलाभ झाला व सगळी प्रजा अतिशय आनंदित झाली.

आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्य: is the legend that reveals the history of Pruthuvaiya’s initiation of agricultural work and civilization The king obstructed the river’s path for agricultural work. He stored the rain water and did the water-management. He took special efforts to make the land fertile.

Afterwards, people sowed the seeds of grains. The king gathered varied seeds, refined it and sowed with efforts. After the rains, the sprouts were germinated and all subjects became happy by the gain of grains.

5. अमरकोषात् योग्यं समानार्थक शब्दं योजयित्वा वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.
राजा चिन्ताकुलः जातः ।
उत्तरम् :
राजायाः दैन्यावस्थां दृष्ट्वा राजा चिन्ताकुलः जातः।

प्रश्न आ.
भूमिः स्त्रीरूपं धृत्वा प्रकटिता ।
उत्तरम् :
गोत्रा / कुः / पृथिवी / पृथ्वी / क्ष्मा / अवनिः । मेदिनी / मही स्त्रीरूपं धृत्वा प्रकटिता।

6. मेलनं कुरुत।

प्रश्न 1.
मेलनं कुरुत

उत्तरम् :

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
कृशाः	प्रजाः
उर्वरा	भूमिः
आनन्दिताः	प्रजाजना:
दःशासकः	वेनः
प्रजाहितदक्षः	पृथुः

7. समानार्थकशब्द लिखत ।
वृक्षः, भूमिः, राजा, धनुः, नदी ।

प्रश्न 1.
समानार्थकशब्द लिखत ।
वृक्षः, भूमिः, राजा, धनुः, नदी ।
उत्तरम् :

• वृक्षः – तरुः, महीरुहः, पादयः, द्रुमः ।
• भूमिः – पृथिवी, पृथ्वी, धरा, वसुन्धरा, अवनी, मही, मेदिनी, क्षमा, गोत्रा, कुः।
• राजा – महीपतिः, महीपालः, नरेशः, नृपः, भूपः, नरपतिः, भूपाल: ।
• धनुः – त्रिणता, चापः, शरासन:, कोदण्डः ।
• नदी – तटिनी, निम्नगा, आपगा, सरित्।

8. विरुद्धार्थकशब्दं लिखत ।
स्तुतिः, सद्गुणाः, प्रसन्नाः, अशक्ताः, पुरतः, कृशाः ।

प्रश्न 1.
विरुद्धार्थकशब्दं लिखत ।
स्तुतिः , सद्गुणाः, प्रसन्नाः, अशक्ताः, पुरतः, कृशाः ।
उत्तरम् :

• स्तुतिः × निन्दा।
• सद्गुणाः × दुर्गुणाः।
• प्रसन्नाः × खिन्नाः, दुःखिताः, विषण्णाः।
• अशक्ताः × सशक्ताः।
• पुरतः × पश्चात्, पृष्ठतः।
• कृशाः × पीवराः।

9. कः कं वदति ?

प्रश्न अ.
तिष्ठन्तु चारणाः ।
उत्तरम् :
लोट्लकारः।

प्रश्न आ.
तत्प्राप्तुं यतस्व ।
उत्तरम् :
पुरोहितः पृथुवैन्यं वदति।

प्रश्न इ.
तव पिता दुःशासकः ।
उत्तरम् :
भूमिः पृथुवैन्यं वदति।

प्रश्न ई.
अत: धनुः त्यज ।
उत्तरम् :
भूमिः पृथुवैन्यं वदति।

10. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न अ.
उदर एव
उत्तरम् :
उदर एव – उदरे + एव।

प्रश्न आ.
पशुवजीवन्ति
उत्तरम् :
पशुवजीवन्ति – पशुवत् + जीवन्ति ।

प्रश्न इ.
अशक्ताश्च
उत्तरम् :
अशक्ताश्च – अशक्ताः + च।

प्रश्न ई.
पुरोहितोऽवदत् ।
उत्तरम् :
पुरोहितोऽवदत् – पुरोहितः + अवदत्।

Sanskrit Anand Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 1 आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Additional Important Questions and Answers

अवबोधनम्‌ :

उचितं‌ ‌कारणं‌ ‌चित्वा‌ ‌वाक्यं‌ ‌पुनर्लिखत।‌ ‌

प्रश्न 1.
स्तुतिगायकाः‌ ‌प्रसन्नाः‌ ‌अभवन्‌ ‌यतः‌ ‌
(अ)‌ ‌पाठकाः‌ ‌राज्ञः‌ ‌प्रशंसाम्‌ ‌अकुर्वन्‌ ‌।‌‌
(ब)‌ ‌स्तुतिपाठकाः‌ ‌राज्ञः‌ ‌निःस्पृहताम्‌ ‌अजानन्।‌
‌उत्तरम्‌ ‌
(ब)‌ ‌स्तुतिपाठका:‌ ‌राज्ञः‌ ‌नि:स्पृहताम्‌ ‌अजानन्।‌

प्रश्न 2.‌
‌प्रजाः‌ ‌अतीव‌ ‌कृशाः‌ ‌अशक्ता:‌ ‌च‌ ‌यतः‌‌
(अ)‌ ‌ताः‌ ‌पशुवज्जीवन्ति‌ ‌निकृष्टानं‌ ‌खादन्ति‌ ‌च।‌‌
(ब)‌ ‌ता:‌ ‌मिष्टान्नं‌ ‌खादन्ति।‌
‌उत्तरम्‌
‌(अ)‌ ‌ता:‌ ‌पशुवज्जीवन्ति‌ ‌निकष्टानं‌ ‌खादन्ति‌ ‌च।‌ ‌

प्रश्न 3.
पृथुवैन्यः‌ ‌स्वप्रजाः‌ ‌दृष्ट्वा‌ ‌चिन्ताकुल:‌ ‌जात:‌ ‌यतः‌‌
(अ)‌ ‌तस्य‌ ‌प्रजाजनाः‌ ‌परस्परं‌ ‌वादविवादं‌ ‌कुर्वन्ति।‌‌
(ब)‌ ‌तस्य‌ ‌प्रजाजना:‌ ‌पशुवत्‌ ‌जीवन्ति।‌ ‌
उत्तरम्‌
‌(ब)‌ ‌तस्य‌ ‌प्रजाजनाः‌ ‌पशुवत्‌ ‌जीवन्ति‌ ‌।‌‌

प्रश्न 4.
भूम्या धनधान्यपुष्पफलानि स्व-उदरे निहितानि यत: ……..
(अ) वेनभूप: दुःशासक: आसीत्।
(ब) भूमिः स्वभावेन कृपणा आसीत्।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) वेनभूप: दुःशासकः आसीत्।

प्रश्न 5.
पृथुभूपेन स्वधनुः सज्जीकृतं यतः ………
(अ) सः शचुं हन्तुम् इच्छति स्म।
(ब) सः धनधान्यादि सर्व वस्तुजातं वसुन्धरायाः प्राप्तुम् इच्छति स्म।
उत्तरम् :
(ब) सः धनधान्यादि सर्वं वस्तुजातं वसुन्धरायाः प्राप्तुम् इच्छति स्म।

प्रश्न 6.
पृथुभूपस्य प्रजाजनाः सन्तुष्टा: अभवन् यतः …………..
(अ) ते प्रभूतं धान्यम् अलभन्त।
(ब) ते प्रभूतं सुवर्णम् अलभन्त।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) ते प्रभूतं धान्यम् अलभन्त।

उचितं‌ ‌पर्यायं‌ ‌चित्वा‌ ‌वाक्यं‌ ‌पुनर्लिखत।‌ ‌

प्रश्न 1.

1. प्रजा:‌ ‌अतीव‌ ‌……………. आसन्।‌ ‌(कृशाः‌ ‌/‌ ‌सुदृवाः)‌ ‌
2. सर्व‌ ‌वस्तुजातं‌ ‌………….‌ ‌उदरे‌ ‌एव‌ ‌वर्तते।‌ ‌(धरायाः‌ ‌/‌ ‌सूर्यस्य‌)
3. पृथुभूपेन ……. सज्जीकृतम्। (धनुः/लवित्रम्)
4. दु:शासकः नृपः …………..। (वेनराज:/पृथुवैन्यः)
5. ………… बीजेभ्यः अङकुराः उद्भूताः। (पर्जन्यानन्तरं/ शीतकालानन्तरं)
6. ………….. प्रजाजनाः सन्तुष्टा : अभवन्। (धनलाभेन/धान्यलाभेन)

उत्तरम्‌ :

1. कशाः‌
2. धराया:‌
3. धनुः
4. वेनराजः
5. पर्जन्यानन्तरं।
6. धान्यलाभेन।

कः‌ ‌कं‌ ‌वदति‌ ‌।‌

‌प्रश्न 1.
स्तवनं‌ ‌तु‌ ‌ईश्वरस्यैव‌ ‌भवेत्।‌
उत्तरम्‌ :
पृथुवैन्यः‌ ‌चारणा‌‌ बदति।‌

‌प्रश्न 2.
त्वं तु प्रजाहितदक्षः नृपः।
उत्तरम् :
भूमिः पृथुवैन्यं वदति।

‌प्रश्न 3.
प्रजाजनैः सह कृषिकार्यं कुरु ।
उत्तरम् :
भूमिः पृथुवैन्यं वदति।

पूर्णवाक्येन‌ ‌उत्तरत।‌

प्रश्न 1.
‌कः‌ ‌धरायां‌ ‌प्रथम:‌ ‌अभिषिक्तः‌ ‌सम्राट्?‌
‌उत्तरम्‌
‌भूपालः‌ ‌पृथुवैन्य:‌ ‌धरायां‌ ‌प्रथम:‌ ‌अभिषिक्तः‌ ‌सम्राट्।‌‌

प्रश्न 2.‌
‌पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌राजधानी‌ ‌कुत्र‌ ‌आसीत्?‌ ‌
उत्तरम्‌ :
पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌राजधानी‌ ‌प्रयागक्षेत्रे‌ ‌आसीत्।‌

प्रश्न 3.
के‌ ‌पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌स्तुति‌ ‌गातुमुत्सुकाः?‌ ‌
उत्तरम्‌ ‌:
चारणाः‌ ‌पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌स्तुतिं‌ ‌गातुमुत्सुकाः।‌

प्रश्न 4. ‌
‌स्तुतिगायकाः‌ ‌किं‌ ‌ज्ञात्वा‌ ‌प्रसन्नाः‌ ‌अभवन्?‌ ‌/‌ ‌स्तुतिगायका:‌‌ किमर्थ‌ ‌प्रसन्नाः‌ ‌अभवन्?‌ ‌
उत्तरम्‌ ‌
स्तुतिगायका:‌ ‌पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌नि:स्पृहतां‌ ‌ज्ञात्वा‌ ‌प्रसन्नाः‌ ‌अभवन्।‌

प्रश्न 5.
पृथुः‌ ‌चारणान्‌ ‌किम्‌ ‌आज्ञापयत्?‌
‌उत्तरम्‌ ‌
पृथुः‌ ‌चारणान्‌ ‌स्थातुम्‌ ‌आज्ञापयत्‌ ‌अकथयत्‌ ‌च‌ ‌यावत्‌ ‌पृथो:‌‌ सद्गुणा:‌ ‌न‌ ‌प्रकटीभवन्ति‌ ‌तावत्‌ ‌सः‌ ‌न‌ ‌स्तोतव्यः‌ ।‌ ‌
स्तवनं‌‌ तु‌ ‌ईश्वरस्य‌ ‌एव‌ ‌भवेत्।‌ ‌

प्रश्न 6.
‌चिन्ताकुलं‌ ‌राजानं‌ ‌पुरोहितः‌ ‌किम्‌ ‌अवदत्‌ ‌?‌
‌उत्तरम्‌
‌चिन्ताकुलं‌ ‌राजानं‌ ‌पुरोहितः‌ ‌अवदत,‌ ‌”हे‌ ‌राजन्,‌ ‌धनधान्यादि‌‌ सर्व‌ ‌वस्तुजातं‌ ‌वस्तुत:‌ ‌वसुन्धराया:‌ ‌उदरे‌ ‌एवं‌ ‌वर्तते‌ ‌।‌ ‌तत्प्राप्तुं‌‌

प्रश्न 7.
‌‌एषः‌ ‌गद्यांश:‌ ‌कस्मात्‌ ‌पाठात्‌ ‌उद्धृतः?‌
उत्तरम्‌
‌एषः‌ ‌गद्यांश:‌ ‌आद्यकृषक:‌ ‌पृथुवैन्यः‌ ‌पाठात्‌ ‌उद्धृतः।‌

प्रश्न 8.
केन धनुः सज्जीकृतम्?
उत्तरम् :
पृथुभूपेन धनुः सज्जीकृतम्।

प्रश्न 9.
कया धनधान्यपुष्पफलानि उदरे निहितानि ?
उत्तरम् :
भूम्या धनधान्यपुष्पफलानि उदरे निहितानि।

प्रश्न 10.
कः दुःशासक:?
उत्तरम् :
पृथराजस्य पिता बेनराजः दुःशासकः।

प्रश्न 11.
भूमि: राजानं कृषिकार्यस्य कानि साधनानि उक्तवती?
उत्तरम् :
भूमि: राजानं खनित्राणि, हला:, कुद्दालकाः, लवित्राणि च एतानि साधनानि उक्तवती।

प्रश्न 12.
जनाः कुत्र धान्यबीजानि अवपन्?
उत्तरम् :
जनाः क्षेत्रे धान्यबीजानि अवपन्।

प्रश्न 13.
कदा बीजेभ्यः अङ्कुराः उद्भूता?
उत्तरम् :
पर्जन्यानन्तरं बीजेभ्य: अङ्कुराः उद्भूता।

प्रश्न 14.
प्रजाजना: केन/कश्यं सन्तुष्टाः अभवन्?
उत्तरम् :
धान्यलाभेन सर्वे प्रजाजनाः सन्तुष्टा: अभवन्।

वाक्यं‌ ‌पुनर्लिखित्वा‌ ‌सत्यम्‌ ‌/‌ ‌असत्यम्‌ ‌इति‌ ‌लिखत।‌‌

प्रश्न 1.

1. पृथुवैन्यः‌ ‌नाम‌ ‌धरायाम्‌ ‌आदिम:‌ ‌सम्राट्।‌ ‌
2. ‌स्तवनं‌ ‌तु‌ ‌मानवस्यैव‌ ‌भवेत्।‌ ‌
3. स्तुतिगायकाः‌ ‌पृथुनृपस्य‌ ‌नि:स्पृहतां‌ ‌ज्ञात्वा‌ ‌विषण्णा:‌ ‌अभवन्।‌‌
4. पृथुराजेन‌ ‌दृष्टं‌ ‌यत्‌ ‌प्रजाः‌ ‌अतीव‌ ‌सशक्ताः‌ ‌।‌‌
5. प्रजा:‌ ‌पशुवत्‌ ‌जीवन्ति।‌
6. धनधान्यादि‌ ‌वस्तुजातं‌ ‌वसुन्धराया:‌ ‌जठरे‌ ‌एव‌ ‌वर्तते।‌ ‌

उत्तरम्‌ ‌:

1. सत्यम्।‌ ‌
2. ‌असत्यम्।‌
3. ‌असत्यम्।‌
4. ‌असत्यम्।‌‌
5. ‌सत्यम्।‌ ‌
6. ‌सत्यम्।‌‌

प्रश्न 2.

1. भूमि: नररूपम् अधारयत्।
2. वेनराजः दुःशासकः आसीत्।
3. वेनराजः राजधर्मस्य उल्लङ्घनम् अकरोत्।
4. पृथुः प्रजाहितदक्षः नृपः।

उत्तरम् :

1. असत्यम्।
2. सत्यम्।
3. सत्यम्।
4. सत्यम्।

प्रश्न 3.

1. पृथुवैन्यः भूमिम् अनुर्वराम् अकरोत्।
2. पृथुवैन्य: उद्यमेन बीजानां सङ्कलनम् अकरोत्।
3. पर्जन्यानन्तरम् अकुरेभ्य: बीजानि उद्भूतानि ।
4. प्रजाजनाः विषण्णा: अभवन्।

उत्तरम् :

1. असत्यम्।
2. सत्यम्।
3. असत्यम्।
4. असत्यम्।

शब्दज्ञानम्‌ ‌

सन्धिविग्रहः।‌

1. ‌गातुमुत्सुकाः‌ ‌-‌ ‌गातुम्‌ ‌+‌ ‌उत्सुकाः‌ ‌।‌
2. ‌तावदहम्‌ ‌-‌ ‌तावत्‌ ‌+‌ ‌अहम्।‌
3. ‌ईश्वरस्यैव‌ ‌.‌ ‌ईश्वरस्य‌ ‌+‌ ‌एव‌ ‌।‌
4. ‌तत्प्राप्तुम्‌ ‌-‌ ‌तत्‌ ‌+‌ ‌प्राप्तुम्।‌
5. नाकरोत् – न + अकरोत् ।
6. स नैकेभ्यः – स: + नैकेभ्यः ।

विशेषण‌ ‌-‌ ‌विशेष्य‌ ‌-‌ ‌सम्बन्धः।‌‌

विशेषणम्‌	विशेष्यम्‌
1.‌ प्रथमः‌‌	सम्राट‌
2. ‌अभिषिक्तः‌	समाट्‌
3. प्रसन्नाः‌‌	स्तुतिगायकाः‌‌
4. राजा‌‌	चिन्ताकुल:‌
5. नैकेभ्यः	वृक्षेभ्यः
6. विविधप्रकारकाणाम्	बीजानाम्
7. कल्याणकारी	नृपः
8. अग्रणी:	नृपः
9. जनसेवाव्रती	नृपः

चान्त-ल्यबन्त-तुमन्त-अव्ययानि।‌

त्वान्त‌ ‌अव्यय‌‌ धातु‌ ‌+‌ ‌त्वा / ध्या / टवा / ‌ढवा ‌/ इत्वा / अयित्वा	ल्यबन्त अव्यय उपसर्ग + धातु + य / त्य	तुमन्त‌ ‌अव्यय‌ ‌‌‌धातु‌ ‌+‌ ‌तुम् / धुम् / टुम् / ढुम् / ‌‌इतुम् / अयितुम्‌‌
दृष्ट्वा,‌ ‌ज्ञात्वा, धृत्वा, गृहीत्वा, कृत्वा	निधाय, अवरुध्य	गातुम,‌ ‌प्राप्तुम्‌, कर्तुम्

विभक्त्यन्तरूपाणि।‌

• ‌प्रथमा‌ ‌-‌ ‌भूपालः,‌ ‌सम्राट्,‌ ‌राजधानी,‌ ‌चारणाः,‌ ‌अहम्,‌‌ ‌गायकाः,‌ ‌प्रजाः,‌ ‌ताः,‌ ‌राजा,‌ ‌पुरोहितः, भूमिः, पिता, नृपः, अहम्।
• ‌द्वितीया‌ ‌-‌ ‌अन्नम्,‌ ‌सर्वम्, धनुः, फलानि, खनित्राणि, हलान, कुद्दालकान, लवित्राणि।
• तृतीया‌ ‌-‌ ‌तेन, भूपेन, मया, प्रयत्लेन, प्रजाजनैः, परिश्रमेण, धान्यलाभेन ।
• पञ्चमी – भयात्, बीजेभ्यः, वृक्षेभ्यः ।
• षष्ठी‌ ‌-‌ ‌नृपस्य,‌ ‌मम,‌ ‌ईश्वरस्य,‌ ‌वसुन्धरायाः, तस्य, राजधर्मस्य, भूमातुः, नदीनाम, जलस्य, बीजानाम्।
• सप्तमी‌ ‌-‌ ‌धरायाम,‌ ‌क्षेत्रे,‌ ‌राज्याभिषेकसमये,‌ ‌स्वराज्ये, हस्ते, मनसि, तस्मिन्, क्षेत्रे, प्रशासने, पृथिव्याम्।
• ‌सम्बोधन‌ ‌-‌ ‌हे‌ ‌राजन्।‌‌

लकारं‌ ‌लिखत।‌

प्रश्न 1.

1. पृथुराजः‌ ‌स्वराज्ये‌ ‌भ्रमणम्‌ ‌अकरोत्।‌ ‌
2. ‌ता:‌ ‌मजा:‌ ‌पशुवत्‌ ‌जीवन्ति‌ ‌।‌
3. तत्‌ ‌प्राप्तुं‌ ‌यतस्व।‌

उत्तरम्‌ ‌:

1. ‌लङ्लकारः‌
2. ‌लट्लकारः‌
3. लोट्लकार:‌‌

प्रश्न 2.

1. भूमि: तस्य पुरत: प्रकटिता अभवत्।
2. त्वं प्रयत्नेन कृषिकार्य करोषि।
3. अहं प्रसन्ना भविष्यामि।
4. प्रजाजनैः सह कृषिकार्य कुरु।
5. जनाः धान्यबीजानि अवपन्।
6. पृथुवैन्य; भूमिम् उर्वरतमां कर्तुं प्रायतत।

उत्तरम् :

1. लङ्लकारः।
2. लट्लकारः।
3. लृट्लकारः।
4. लोट्लकारः।
5. लङ्लकार:।
6. लङ्लकारः।

‘भूमातुः’ इति स्थाने ‘भूमि’ शब्दस्य योग्य रूपं लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
भूमातुः उपदेशं मनसि निधाय पृथुवैन्यः कृषिकार्यम् अकरोत्।
उत्तरम् :
भूम्या: भूमेः उपदेशं मनसि निधाय पृथुवैन्यः कृषिकार्यम् अकरोत्।

भाषाभ्यास:

समानार्थकशब्दाः ।

1. नाम – अभिधानम्, नामधेयम्, आख्या।
2. सम्राट – अधिराजः, राजेन्द्रः, सार्वभौमः ।
3. चारणाः – स्तुतिपाठकाः, स्तुतिगायकाः ।
4. स्तवनम् – स्तुतिः, प्रशंसा।
5. ईश्वरः – देवः, भगवान्, सुरः।
6. ज्ञात्वा – अवगम्य।
7. प्रसन्नाः – सन्तुष्टाः, आनन्दिताः।
8. भ्रमणम् – अटनम्।
9. कृशः – क्षीणः ।
10. अशक्तः – दुर्बलः।
11. दृष्ट्वा – अवलोक्य, विलोक्य, वीक्ष्य।
12. चिन्ताकुलः – चिन्ताग्रस्तः, चिन्तितः, चिन्ताक्रान्तः।
13. पुरोहितः – उपाध्यायः।
14. वसुन्धरा – धरिणी, धरा, धरित्री, पृथिवी।
15. उदरम् – जठरम्, कोष्ठम्।
16. प्राप्तुम् – लब्धम्।
17. स्त्री – नारी, वनिता, महिला, योषित्।
18. पिता – जनकः, तात;, जन्मदाता।
19. चोरः – चौर:, स्तेनः, तस्करः, पाटच्चरः, लुण्ठकः ।
20. धनम् – वित्तम, द्रव्यम्, सम्पत्तिः ।
21. धान्यम् – सस्यम्।
22. पुष्पम् – प्रसूनम, सुमनः, सुमम, कुसुमम्।
23. मनसि – अन्त:करणे, चेतसि, चित्ते, मानसे।
24. निधाय – हित्वा।
25. मार्गः – पन्थाः , सरणिः।
26. जलम् – तोयम्, नौरम्, अम्बु, उदकम्, वारि।
27. सञ्चयम् – सङ्कलनम्।
28. बीजानि – सस्यानि।
29. कल्याणकारी – हितकारी।

विरुद्धार्थकशब्दाः‌

• ‌उत्सुकाः‌ ×‌ ‌अनुत्सुकाः।‌
• उपयोग: × निरुपयोगः।
• उर्वरा × अनुर्वरा/वन्ध्या ।
• लाभः × हानिः।

योग्यं क्रियापदं चित्वा वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.

1. त्वं तत्प्राप्तुं …………….। (यतस्व/यतन्ताम्)
2. त्वं प्रयत्लेन कृषिकार्य ……..। (करोति/करोषि)
3. त्वं धनुः …….। (त्यज/त्यजतु)
4. त्वं प्रजाननै: सह कृषिकार्य ……… । (कुरु/करोतु)

उत्तरम् :

1. त्वं तत्प्राप्तुं यतस्व।
2. करोधि ।
3. त्यज।
4. कुरु

योग्य वाच्यपर्याय चिनुत ।

प्रश्न 1.
ता: प्रजाः पशुवज्जीवन्ति। (कर्तृवाच्यम्/कर्मवाच्यम्)
उत्तरम् :
कर्तृवाच्यम्।

प्रश्न 2.
पृथुभूपेन धनुः सज्जीकृतम्। (कर्तृवाच्यम्/कर्मवाच्यम्)
उत्तरम् :
कर्मवाच्यम्।

प्रश्न 3.
मया धनधान्यपुष्पफलानि उदरे निहितानि । (कर्तृवाच्यम्/कर्मवाच्यम्)
उत्तरम् :
कर्मवाच्यम्।

प्रश्न 4.
त्वं धनुः त्यज। (कर्तृवाच्यम्/कर्मवाच्यम्)
उत्तरम् :
कर्तृवाच्यम्।

प्रश्न 5.
जनाः धान्यबीजानि अवपन्। (कर्तृवाच्यम्/कर्मवाच्यम्)
उत्तरम् :
कर्तृवाच्यम्।

योग्यं विशेषणं चिनुत।

प्रश्न 1.
पर्जन्यानन्तरं बीजेभ्यः अङकुराः ….। (उद्भूतः/उद्भूताः)
उत्तरम् :
उद्भूताः।

अमरकोषात् शब्दं योजयित्वा वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
भूपाल: पृथुवैन्य: नाम धराया: प्रथम: अभिषिक्त: सम्राट्।
उत्तरम् :
राट् / पार्थिवः / क्ष्माभूत् / नृपः / भूपः / महीक्षित् पृथुवैन्य: नाम धरायाः प्रथम: अभिषिक्तः सम्राट्।

समासाः

समस्तपदम्	अर्थ:	समासविग्रहः	समासनाम
प्रयागक्षेत्रम्	place named प्रयाग	प्रयागं नाम / इति क्षेत्रम्।	कर्मधारयः समासः।
विविधबीजानि	various seeds	विविधानि बीजानि।	कर्मधारयः समासः।
धनधान्यपृष्यफलानि	wealth, grains, flowers and fruits	धनानि च धान्यानि च पुष्पाणि च फलानि च।	इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः समासः ।
चिन्ताकुलः	perturbed with worry	चिन्तया आकुलः।	तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः समासः।
चोरलण्ठकभयम्	fear from thieves and robbers	चोरलण्ठकेभ्य: भयम्।	पञ्चमी-तत्पुरुषः समासः।
जलव्यवस्थापनम्	management of water	जलस्य व्यवस्थापनम्।	षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः समासः।
प्रजाहितदक्षः	alert in the subjects’ welfare	प्रजाहिते दक्षः।	सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः समासः।
कल्याणकारी	does welfare	कल्याणं करोति इति।	उपपद-तत्पुरुषः समास:।

आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Summary in Marathi and English

प्रस्तावना :

भारत हा कृषिप्रधान देश आहे. देशाच्या सामाजिक व आर्थिक उभारणीमध्ये कृषी (शेती) महत्त्वाची भूमिका बजावते. वेन राजाचा पुत्र, पृथुवैन्य/ पृथु राजाने शेतीविषयक कार्याचे संशोधन केले त्याचा प्रारंभ करून विकसित केले.

पृथु राजाला पृथ्वीवरील सर्वप्रथम अभिषिक्त राजा मानले जाते. पृथु राजाच्या कार्यस्मरणार्थ वसुंधरेस पृथ्वी असे संबोधले जाते. प्रस्तुत भाग म्हणजे पृथु राजाने केलेल्या कृषिविषयक कार्याचा प्रारंभ तसेच कृषी संस्कृती याचे विवरण करणारी आख्यायिका आहे.

India is an agriculture-based country. Agriculture plays a significant role in the socio-economic fabric of the country. Agricultural work was invented, initialised and developed by the king Pruthuvainya who was the son of Vena.

Pruthu (पृथु) is considered to be the first coronated king of the earth. The earth is known as Prithvi, in the memory of Pruthu’s work. The given extract is the legend that reveals the history of Pruthu’s initiation of agricultural work and civilization.

परिच्छेदः 1

भूपाल: ……………… यतस्व।

अनुवादः

राजा पृथुवैन्य म्हणजे पृथ्वीवरील सर्वप्रथम अभिषिक्त सम्राट (होय.) प्रयागक्षेत्रात पृथु राजाची राजधानी होती, राज्याभिषेकासमयी, भाट (स्तुतिपाठक) पृथु राजाची स्तुती गाण्यास उत्सुक होते. नंतर, पृथु राजाने आदेश दिला, “कृपया भाटांनी थांबावे! जोपर्यंत माझ्यातील सद्गुणांचे दर्शन होत नाही, तोपर्यंत माझी स्तुती केली जाऊ नये.

ईश्वराचेच स्तबन व्हावे.” पृथु राजाची अशी निःस्पृह (निःस्वार्थी) वृत्ती जाणून स्तुतिपाठक संतुष्ट झाले. एकदा पृथु राजा त्याच्या राज्यात भ्रमण करत होता. त्याने फिरताना पाहिले की, त्याची प्रजा क्षीण (बारीक) व अशक्त झाली आहे.

ते प्रजाजन प्राण्यांप्रमाणे आयुष्य जगत होते. (ते) हलक्या दर्जाचे/कमी प्रतीचे अन्न खात होते. ते पाहून राजा चिंताग्रस्त झाला. तेव्हा पुरोहित (उपाध्याय) म्हणाले, “हे राजा, खरेतर धन (समृद्धी), धान्य इत्यादी सर्व वस्तू धरणीच्या पोटातच असतात. (वास करतात.)
(कृपया) त्या प्राप्त करण्यासाठी तू प्रयत्न कर.”

The king named पृथुवैन्य was the first coronated (enthroned) emperor on the earth. The king पृथु’s capital was in the region of प्रयाग. The bards were eager to praise king पृथु at the time of coronation.

Then, पृथु ordered, “May the bards stop (praising me)! As long as, my virtues are not manifested (don’t appear) till then I am not worthy of praise (appreciation).

The Almighty is praiseworthy alone.” Having realized such desirelessness of king पृथु, the bards got pleased. Once, king पृथु was wandering in his kingdom. While wandering, he saw that his subjects are very thin and weak.

Those people were living life like an animal. They were eating low-quality food. Seeing that, The king got perturbed (disturbed). Then the priest said, “O King, in fact all the things like wealth and grains are in the belly of the earth itself (generated from the earth). Please strive to obtain it.”

परिच्छेदः 2

तदा ………….. पृथुभूपेन

अनुवादः

त्यानंतर, त्याकरिता पृथुराजाने धनुष्य तयार ठेवले, मग पृथ्वी स्त्रीचे रूप धारण करून त्याच्यासमोर प्रकट झाली व म्हणाली, “हे राजा ! जुलमी असणाऱ्या तुझ्या वडिलांनी, वेन राजाने राजधर्माचे पालन केले नाही.

त्यानंतर, चोर-लुटारूंच्या भयामुळे मी, धन-धान्य-फुले-फळे माझ्या पोटात ठेवले. तू निश्चितच प्रजेच्या हितामध्ये सतर्क असणारा राजा आहेस, जर तू प्रयत्नपूर्वक कृषिकार्य केलेस, तर मी प्रसन्न होईन, म्हणूनच धनुष्य सोडून दे. तुझ्या प्रजाजनांसमवेत फावडे, नांगर, कुदळ, विळे (हे सर्व) हातात घेऊन कृषिकार्य कर.”

Then king Ty set the bow for that. Then, having taken the form of a woman, the earth appeared in front of him and said, “O King! your father, the bad ruler , did not follow royal duty. Then, I placed wealth, grains, flowers, fruits in my belly, due to fear of thieves, robbers.

But, you are engaged in welfare of the subjects. If you strive in farming, I will be pleased. Hence, give up a bow. Start farming with the subjects by taking spades, ploughs, hoes, sickles in hand”.

परिच्छेदः 3

भूमातु: ………………………………….. अभवत्।

अनुवादः

धरणीमातेचा उपदेश लक्षात येऊन, पृथुवैन्य राजाने नद्यांचा मार्ग थांबवून पाण्याचा उपयोग शेतीकामासाठी केला. (राजाने) पावसाच्या पाण्याचा साठा करून पाण्याचे व्यवस्थापन केले. (त्याने) जमीन अधिक सुपीक होण्यासाठी प्रयत्न केले. नंतर, लोकांनी त्या ठिकाणी (शेतात) धान्यबीजे पेरली.

त्याने अनेक वृक्षांपासून विविध प्रकारच्या बीजांचे परिश्रमपूर्वक संचय व निवड केली. (व) नंतर बीजांचे संस्करण करून पेरणी केली. पावसानंतर बीजांतून अंकुर फुटले. धान्याच्या प्राप्तीमुळे सर्व प्रजा आनंदित झाली. हा कल्याणकारी राजा पृथ्वीवर, प्रशासनात अग्रेसर व जनसेवाव्रती ठरला.

Keeping in mind the advice of the mother earth, पृथुवैन्य used water for agricultural work by obstructing the way of rivers. Having stored the rain-water, he did water-management. He strived to make the land most fertile.

After that, people sowed the seeds of grains in that field (farm). He collected and selected the various seeds from many trees with so much of effort. After that, having refined (polished) the seeds, he sowed. After the rain, sprouts germinated from the seeds.

After obtaining grains, all subjects were pleased (satisfied). This welfare-oriented king became the foremost in the administration on the earth and was committed to the service of public.

शब्दार्थाः

1. भूपाल: – king – राजा
2. धरायाम् – on the earth – पृथ्वीवर
3. अभिषिक्तः – coronated – अभिषेक झालेला
4. चारणा: – bards – भाट (स्तुतिपाठक)
5. आज्ञापयत् – ordered – आज्ञा केली
6. तिष्ठन्तु – please wait – थांबावे
7. यावत्-तावत् – as long as-till then – जोपर्यंत-तोपर्यंत
8. प्रकटीभवन्ति – manifested – प्रकट होतात
9. स्तोतव्यः – worthy to be praised – स्तुती करण्यायोग्य
10. एतादृशीम् – such – अशी
11. निःस्पृहताम् – detachment – निःस्पृहा, निरिच्छा
12. भ्रमणम् – wandering – फिरणे
13. कृशाः – lean – बारीक
14. अशक्ताः – weak – अशक्त
15. पशुवत् – like animals – पशुप्रमाणे/प्राण्याप्रमाणे
16. निकृष्टान्नम् – low quality food – हलक्या दर्जाचे अन्न
17. दृष्ट्वा – having seen – पाहून
18. चिन्ताकुल: – worried – चिंताग्रस्त
19. पुरोहितः – priest – उपाध्याय
20. वस्तुजातम् – things – सर्व वस्तू
21. वस्तुतः – in fact – मुळ्यात, खरे पाहता
22. उदरे – in the belly – पोटात
23. प्राप्तुम् – to obtain – मिळविण्यासाठी
24. यतस्व – you strive – प्रयत्न कर
25. तदर्थम् – for that – त्यासाठी
26. सज्जीकृतम् – set – तयार केले
27. भूमिः – earth – पृथ्वी
28. धृत्वा – taking/bearing – घेऊन/धारण करून
29. पुरतः – in front of – च्या पुढे
30. प्रकटिता अभवत् – appeared – प्रकट झाली
31. दुःशासकः – bad ruler – जुलमी राजा
32. चोरलुण्ठक – due to fear from – चोर, लुटारुच्या
33. भयात् – thief and robber – भीतीने
34. निहितानि – placed/laid – ठेवलेले
35. प्रजाहितदक्षः – prompt towards subject’s welfare – प्रजाहितासाठी तयार / सतर्क
36. त्यज – leave – सोड
37. खनित्राणि – spades – फावडे
38. हलान् – ploughs – नांगर
39. कालकान – hoes – कुदळ
40. लवित्राणि – sickles – विळे
41. गृहीत्वा – having taken – घेऊन
42. धनुः – bow – धनुष्य
43. उपदेशम् – advice – सल्ला
44. मनसि निधाय – having taken into consideration – लक्षात घेऊन
45. अवरुध्य – obstructing – अडवून
46. जलसञ्चयम् – accumulation of water – पाण्याचा साठा
47. जल – व्यवस्थापनम् – management of water – पाण्याचे व्यवस्थापन
48. उर्वरतमाम् – most fertile – अधिक सुपीकता
49. धान्यबीजानि – seeds of grains – धान्याच्या बिया
50. अवपन् – sowed – पेरली
51. सङ्कलनम् – collection – साठा
52. चयनम् – selection – निवड
53. संस्करणम् – having polished / refined – शुद्धीकरण करून
54. अडकुराः – were sprouted – अंकुर फुटले
55. उद्भूताः – germinated
56. सन्तुष्टाः – satisfied – समाधानी
57. कल्याणकारी – welfare-oriented – कल्याण करणारा
58. अग्रणी: – foremost – अग्रेसर
59. जनसेवाव्रती – committed to the service of public – जनसेवेचे व्रत घेतलेला

10th Standard Sanskrit Anand Digest Pdf  

• आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा Class 10 Question Answer
• सूक्तिसुधा Class 10 Question Answer
• स एव परमाणुः Class 10 Question Answer
• युग्ममाला Class 10 Question Answer
• संस्कृतनाट्यस्तबकः Class 10 Question Answer
• वाचनप्रशंसा Class 10 Question Answer
• नदीसूक्तम् Class 10 Question Answer
• आदिशङ्कराचार्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• चित्रकाव्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• मानवताधर्मः Class 10 Question Answer

Class 10th Sanskrit Anand Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Anand Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 Question Answer

Sanskrit Anand Std 10 Digest Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Textbook Questions and Answers

भाषाभ्यासः

श्लोकः 1

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न अ.
का गुरूणां गुरुः ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।

प्रश्न आ.
किं राजसु न पूज्यते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
धनं राजसु न पूज्यते।

प्रश्न इ.
कः पशुः एव ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
विद्याविहीन : पशुः एव।

2. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
‘विद्या नाम नरस्य’ …….. इति श्लोकाधारण विद्यायाः महत्त्वं लिखत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. ‘विद्याविहीनः पशुः’ ही सूक्ति ज्ञानाचे महत्त्व विशद करते. विद्या नाना भोग (समाधान) प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. तसेच ती यश व आनंदही प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. विद्या हे संरक्षिलेले गुप्त धन आहे. परदेशातही विद्या बंधुसम असते. राजसभेतही विद्यावान व्यक्तीचा सन्मान केला जातो. विद्येमुळे माणसाला ज्ञानाचे तेज प्राप्त होते व त्याचे सौंदर्य वाढते.

ज्ञानामुळे सर्व उद्दिष्टे साध्य होऊ शकतात, ‘किं किं न साधयति कल्पकतेव विद्या’ या उक्तीप्रमाणे विद्या कल्पकतेप्रमाणे सर्व इच्छांची पूर्ती करते. म्हणूनच ज्ञानहीन मनुष्यास पशूच मानले जाते.

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based quotations. The सूक्ति ‘विद्याविहीनः पशुः’ ellobarates the importance of knowledge.

Knowledge alone gives enjoyment, happiness and fame to a person. It is the preceptor of all preceptors. Hence, knowledge is precious wealth. It is well-guarded and concealed wealth.

It enhances the beauty of a person. Knowledge is considered to be relative while travelling in foreign country. It is said to be supreme deity. Even royal courts admire knowledgeable people.

A man who is devoid of knowledge / learning, is said to be an animal; as knowledge helps achieving all ends. It is rightly said, “किं किं न साधयति कल्पलतेब विद्या’ – what does not knowledge achieve like wish yielding-creeper.

3. जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत

उत्तरम्‌ :‌

श्लोक: 2.

1. मञ्जूषात: उचितं शब्दं चित्वा तालिकां पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
मञ्जूषात: उचितं शब्दं चित्वा तालिकां पूरयत ।

(निन्दन्तु, गच्छतु, युगान्तरे, मरणम्, लक्ष्मी:, स्तुवन्तु ।)
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

नीतिनिपुणाः	निन्दन्तु	स्तुवन्तु	वा
लक्ष्मीः	समाविशतु	गच्छतु	वा
मरणम्	अद्यैव	युगान्तरे	वा

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
मरणमस्तु ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
मरणमस्तु – मरणम् + अस्तु।

प्रश्न आ.
अद्यैव ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अद्यैव – अद्य + एव।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
“न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः । इति सूक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. विद्याविटेन: पशुः हो सूक्ति ज्ञानाचे महत्व विशद करते. धैर्यवान लोकांमध्ये दृढनिश्चय ही स्थायी व विशेष गुण आहे. असे लोक स्थिर बुद्धीचे असतात. व ते स्वत:ला ध्येयापासून टू देत नाहीत ते त्याच मार्गाचा अवलंब करतात, व हवे ते परिणाम प्राप्त करून घेतात. ‘न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः’ ही सूक्ति हे विशद करते.

नीतिमध्ये कुशल लोक निंदानालस्ती करो वा प्रशंसा करोत, लक्ष्मी तिच्या इच्छेप्रमाणे येवो अथवा जावो, आजच मरण येवो वा युगान्त झाल्यावर (दुसऱ्या युगात / भरपूर काळ लोटल्यावर) येवो, (तरीही) धैर्यवान लोक न्याय्यमार्गावरून आपले पाऊल ढळू देत नाहीत (ते न्याय्यमार्ग सोडत नाहीत).

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based.quotations. Resolute people have distinct quality of firmness. They are of stable intelellect and do not deviate their minds from their aim. They follow the path of justice, till they achieve fruitful results.

The सूक्ति ‘न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः’ says that experts/skilled people may praise or criticise courageous people; may goddess Laxmi assist them by pleasing on them or not; may they have to face death instantly or after long time; passing through all circumstances, resolute ones follow the justice path, achieve fruitful results and enlighten other’s lives too.

श्लोक: 3.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
शुकसारिका: केन बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आत्मन: मुखदोषेण शुकसारिकाः बध्यन्ते।

प्रश्न आ.
के न बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
बका: न बध्यन्ते।

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न अ.
बकास्तत्र
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
बकास्तत्र – बकाः + तत्र।

प्रश्न आ.
आत्मनो मुखदोषेण
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आत्मनो मुखदोषेण – आत्मनः + मुखदोषेण।

श्लोकः 4.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
का कार्यसाधिका भवति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अल्पानां वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका भवति।

प्रश्न आ.
कै: मत्तदन्तिन: बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आपन्न : तृणैः मत्तदन्तिन: बध्यन्ते।

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
अल्पानामपि
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अल्पानामपि – अल्पानाम् + अपि।

प्रश्न आ.
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनर्बध्यन्ते
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनैर्बध्यन्ते – तृणैः + गुणत्वम् + आपनैः + बध्यन्ते।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
‘संहतिः कार्यसाधिका’ इति सूक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
संहतिः – एकता, ऐक्यम्।

श्लोक: 5.

1. एकवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न अ.
नरः किं छिन्द्यात् ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
नरः पटं छिन्द्यात्।

प्रश्न आ.
मनुजः किं भिन्द्यात् ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
मनुजः घटं भिन्द्यात्।

2. श्लोकात् लिङ्लकारस्य रूपाणि चित्वा लिखत ।

प्रश्न 1.
श्लोकात् लिङ्लकारस्य रूपाणि चित्वा लिखत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
भिन्द्यात्, छिन्द्यात्, कुर्यात्, भवेत्।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
‘येन केन प्रकारेण’ इति उक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. येन केन प्रकारेण’ ही सूक्ति उपहासाने माणसाच्या प्रवृत्तीचे वर्णन करते.

या जगात मनुष्याने कोणत्याही मार्गाने प्रसिद्ध व्हावे. इतरांचे लक्ष वेधून घेण्यासाठी घडे फोडावेत, कपडे फाडावेत, गाढवावर बसावे, या कृती खरेतर हास्यास्पद आहेत, तरीसुद्धा प्रसिद्ध होण्यासाठी व्यक्तीने हे सर्व करावे.

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based quotations. The सूक्ति ‘येन केन प्रकारेण describes human nature satirically.

In this world, a man should try to be famous by some way or the other. He should grab the attention of people by breaking pots, tearing clothes, riding a donkey such acts which are unusual and ridiculous. Yet, one should do it for the sake of popularity.

प्रश्न 2.
समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
विद्या, पशुः, धनम्, लक्ष्मी:, शुकः, संहतिः, दन्ती, पटम्, रासभः ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

• विद्या – ज्ञानम्, बोधः ।
• पशुः – प्राणी, तिर्यङ्, मृगः ।
• धनम् – द्रव्यम, वित्तम्, स्थापतेयम्, रिक्थम्, ऋक्यम्, वसुः।
• लक्ष्मीः – पद्मा, कमला, श्रीः, हरिप्रिया, पद्मालया।
• शुकः – किङ्किरातः, कौरः।
• संहतिः – संघ
• दन्ती – हस्ती, करी, गजः, कुञ्जरः, वारणः ।
• पटम् – वस्त्रम्, वसनम् ।
• रासभः – गर्दभः, खरः, धूमकर्णः ।

प्रश्न 3.
विरुद्धार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
विदेशः, प्रच्छन्नम्, निन्दन्तु, रोहणम् ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

• विदेशः × स्वदेशः।
• प्रच्छन्नम् × प्रकाशितम्, प्रकटीकृतम्।
• निन्दन्तु × स्तुवन्तु।
• रोहणम् × अवतरणम्, अवरोहणम्।

Sanskrit Anand Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Additional Important Questions and Answers

अवबोधनम्।

(क) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न 1.
विद्या कीदृशं धनम् अस्ति?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम् अस्ति।

प्रश्न 2.
विद्या केषां गुरुः?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।

प्रश्न 3.
विदेशगमने कृते विद्या कीदृशं भाति ?
उत्तरम् :
विदेशगमने कृते विद्या बन्धुजन : इव भाति।

प्रश्न 4.
किं परं दैवतम्?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या परं दैवतम्।

प्रश्न 5.
धीराः कस्मात् न प्रविचलन्ति?
उत्तरम् :
धीरा: न्याय्यात् पथ: न प्रविचलन्ति।

प्रश्न 6.
न्याय्यात्पथ: के न विचलन्ति ?
उत्तरम् :
न्याय्यात्पथ: धीराः न विचलन्ति।

प्रश्न 7.
के निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा?
उत्तरम् :
नीतिनिपुणा: निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा।

प्रश्न 8.
लक्ष्मी: कथं समाविशतु गच्छतु वा?
उत्तरम् :
लक्ष्मी: यथेष्टं समाविशतु गच्छतु वा।

प्रश्न 9.
किं सर्वार्थसाधनम्?
उत्तरम् :
मौनं सर्वार्थसाधनम्।

प्रश्न 10.
रविः प्रतिदिनं कुत्र याति?
उत्तरम् :
रविः प्रतिदिनं अपारस्य नभसः अन्तं याति।

प्रश्न 11.
महर्ता क्रियासिद्धिः कस्मिन् भवति?
उत्तरम् :
महतां क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति।

प्रश्न 12.
के तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनैः बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम् :
मतदन्तिन: तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन: बध्यन्ते।

प्रश्न 13.
पुरुषः कथं प्रसिद्धः भवेत्?
उत्तरम् :
येन केन प्रकारेण पुरुष: प्रसिद्धः भवेत्।

शब्दज्ञानम्

(क) विशेषण – विशेष्य – सम्बन्धः ।

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
1. प्रच्छन्नगुप्तम्	धनम्
2. भोगकरी	विद्या
3. यशःसुखकरी	विद्या
4. परम्	दैवतम्
5. सर्वार्थसाधनम्	मौनम्
6. भुजगयमिता:	तुरगा:
7. अपारस्य	नभसः
8. अल्पानाम्	वस्तूनाम्
9. संहतिः	कार्यसाधिका
10. अल्पम्	तोयम्
11. कृतम्	उपकारम्
12. प्रसिद्धः	पुरुषः

(ख) विभक्त्यन्तपदानि।

• प्रथमा – विद्या, गुरुः, यशः, बन्धुजनः, पशुः ।
• षष्ठी – नरस्य, गुरूणाम्।
• सप्तमी – विदेशगमने, राजसु।
• तृतीया – दोषेण।
• षष्ठी – आत्मनः
• प्रथमा – संहतिः, कार्यसाधिका, दन्तिनः।
• तृतीया – तृणैः, आपनैः।
• षष्ठी – अल्पानाम्, वस्तूनाम्।

पृथक्करणम्

पद्यांशं पठित्वा जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत।

1.

2.

3.

भाषाभ्यासः

(क) समानार्थकशब्दाः

• नरः – मनुष्यः, मानवः, मानुषः, मर्त्यः, मनुजः।
• यशः – ख्यातिः, कीर्तिः, प्रसिद्धिः।
• गुरुः – आचार्यः, अध्यापकः, उपाध्यायः।
• बन्धुजनः – बान्धवः।
• राजसु – पार्थिवेषु, नृपेषु, भूपेषु।
• निपुणः – कुशलः, प्रवीणः, पारङ्गतः।
• स्तुवन्तु – प्रशंसन्तु।
• यथेष्टम् – यथेच्छम्।
• मरणम् – मृत्युः ।
• पन्थाः – वर्त्म, सरणिः, मार्गः।
• धीरः – धैर्यवान्, धैर्यशीलः।
• आत्मनः – स्वस्य।
• मुखम् – तुण्डम, वदनम्, आननम्।
• दोषः – प्रमादः।
• बकः – मरुवकः, सर्पभुक्।
• अल्पम् – स्वल्पम्।
• तृणम् – घासः, यवसम्, कुशः, शष्पम्, अर्जुनम्।

(ख) विरुद्धार्थकशब्दाः

1. गुप्तम् × अनावृतम्।
2. विद्याविहीन: × ज्ञानयुक्तम्।
3. गच्छतु × आगच्छतु।
4. मरणम् × जनिः, जन्म, जनुः।
5. दोषः × गुणः।
6. बध्यन्ते × मुच्यन्ते।
7. मौनम् × भाषितम्।
8. संहतिः × भिन्नता, भेदः ।

(क) विभक्त्यन्तरूपाणि।

• प्रश्थमा – निपुणाः, लक्ष्मीः, धीराः।
• द्वितीया – मरणम्, पदम्।
• पन्चमी – न्याय्यात्, पथः।
• सप्तमी – युगान्तरे।

समासाः

समस्तपदम्	अर्थ:	समासविग्रहः	समासनाम
विद्याविहीनः	devoid of knowledge	विद्यया विहीनः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
नीतिनिपुणाः	experts in ethics	नीत्यां/नीतिषु निपुणाः।	सप्तमी तत्पुरुष समास
यथेष्टम्	as per/according to wish	इष्टम् अनुसृत्य /अनतिक्रम्य।	अव्ययीभाव समास
शुकसारिकाः	parrots and mynas	शुकाः च सारिका: च।	इतरेतर द्वन्द्व समास
सर्वार्थसाधनम्	mean/medium of achieving all ends	सर्वार्थानां साधनम्।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
रासभरोहणम्	ascending the donkey	रासभं रोहणम्।	द्वितीया तत्पुरुष समास
भुजगयमिताः	controlled by a snake	भुजगेन यमिताः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
चरणविकल:	lame with legs	चरणेन / चरणाभ्यां विकलः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
क्रियासिद्धिः	accomplishment of the task	क्रियायाः सिद्धिः।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास

सूक्तिसुधा Summary in Marathi and English

प्रस्तावना :

“सूक्तयः नाम सुवचनानि।” सूक्ती म्हणजे चांगली उक्ती (बोलणे). संस्कृत भाषा अशा अनेक सुवचनांनी समृद्ध आहे. सुभाषितांचा संदर्भ लक्षात घेऊन सूक्तींचा अर्थ जाणून घेतल्यास नैतिकदृष्ट्या श्रेष्ठ व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकसित केले जाऊ शकते.

पुष्कळदा, अनेक संस्कृत सूक्ती इतर भारतीय भाषांमध्ये सुध्दा वापरलेल्या दिसून येतात. प्रत्यक्षात, अशा सूक्तींचे स्मरण केल्याने व्यक्तीची शब्दसंपदा वाढते व इतर भाषांवर प्रभुत्व निर्माण होते.

“सूक्तिः नाम शोभना उक्तिः ” means a good saying. Sanskrit language is enriched with such good sayings. One can cultivate a strong and morally superior character by understanding the meaning of a good saying with reference to the given सुभाषित.

Several Sanskrit sayings are often used in other Indian languages. In fact, remembering such sayings definitely enhances one’s ocabulary and command over languages.

श्लोकः 1

विद्या नाम नरस्य रूपमधिकं प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम्
विद्या भोगकरी यश:सुखकरी विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।
विद्या बन्धुजनो विदेशगमने विद्या परं दैवतम्
विद्या राजमु पूज्यते न तु धनं विद्याविहीन: पशुः ।।1।। (वृत्तम् – शार्दूलविक्रीडितम्, स्रोत: – नीतिशतकम्)

सन्थिविग्रहः

1. रूपमधिकम् – रूपम् + अधिकम्।
2. बन्धुजनो विदेशगमने – बन्धुजन: + विदेशगमने।

अन्वय:- विद्या नाम नरस्य अधिकं रूपम्, प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम्, विद्या भोगकरी यश:सुखकरी (च)। विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः । विदेशगमने विद्या बन्धुजनः ।
विद्या पर दैवतम्। विद्या राजसु पूज्यते न तु धनम्। विद्याविहीनः पशुः (एव)।

अनुवादः

मराठी विद्येमुळे मानवाचे सौंदर्य वाढते. विद्या हे संरक्षिलेले गुप्त धन आहे. विद्या नाना भोग (समाधान) प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. (ती) यश व आनंद मिळवून देणारी आहे. विद्या गुरुंची गुरु आहे. परदेशी गेले असता विद्या ही बांधव असते. (बांधवाप्रमाणे उपयोगी पडते/सहाय्यभूत होते) विद्या सर्वश्रेष्ठ दैवत आहे. विद्या राजांमध्ये (राजसभांमध्ये) पूजनीय आहे; धन नाही. ज्याच्याजवळ विद्या नाही तो पशू(च) (समजावा).

English Knowledge enhances the beauty of man. It is secretly hidden treasure. Knowledge brings pleasure. It brings glory and comforts. Knowledge is the teacher of all teachers. Knowledge is kith and kin when going to a foreign land. Knowledge is a superior deity itself. Knowledge is worshipped amongst kings, not money. One without knowledge is a beast.

श्लोकः 2

निन्दन्तु नीतिनिपुणा यदि वा स्तुवन्तु
लक्ष्मीः समाविशतु गच्छतु वा यथेष्टम्।
अद्यैव वा मरणमस्तु युगान्तरे वा
न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः।।2।। (वृत्तम् – वसन्ततिलका, स्रोत: – नीतिशतकम्)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. नीतिनिपुणा यदि – नीतिनिपुणाः + यदि।
2. न्याय्यात्पथः – न्याय्यात् + पथ: ।

अन्वय:- यदि (अपि) नीतिनिपुणा: निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा, लक्ष्मी समाविशतु यथेष्ट गच्छतु वा, मरणम् अद्य एव अस्तु युगान्तरे वा, (तथापि) धीराः न्याय्यात् पथः पदं न प्रविचलन्ति।

अनुवादः

नीतिमध्ये कुशल लोक निंदानालस्ती करोत वा प्रशंसा करोत, लक्ष्मी तिच्या इच्छेप्रमाणे येवो अथवा जावो, आजच मरण येवो वा युगान्त झाल्यावर दुसऱ्या युगात / भरपूर काळ लोटल्यावर) येवो, (तरीही) धैर्यवान लोक न्याय्यमार्गावरून आपले पाऊल ढळू देत नाहीत (ते न्याय्यमार्ग सोडत नाहीत).

English Experts in ethics may insult or praise, wealth may come or go by itself, may there be death today or after many years; courageous ones never divert (take a step back) from the path of justice.

श्लोकः 3

आत्मनो मुखदोषेण बध्यन्ते शुकसारिकाः।
बकास्तत्र न बध्यन्ते मौनं सर्वार्थसाधनम् ।।3।। (वृत्तम् – अनुष्टुप, स्रोत: – पञ्चतन्त्रम्)

अनुवादः

मराठी पोपट, साळुक्या (मैना) त्यांच्या स्वत:च्या तोंडाच्या दोषाने (बडबडीमुळे) अडकले जातात. (पण) बगळे (मात्र) अडकत नाहीत. (अशा प्रकारे) मौन पाळणे हे सर्व हेतू (गोष्टी) प्राप्त करण्याचे (मिळविण्याचे) साधन आहे.

English Parrots and mynas get trapped by fault of their own mouths (voices/sounds). Cranes do not get trapped. Silence is an instrument for obtaining all objects.

श्लोक: 4

रथस्यैकं चक्रं भुजगयमिताः सप्त तुरगाः
निरालम्बो मार्गश्चरणविकल: सारथिरपि।
रविर्यात्येवान्तं प्रतिदिनमपारस्य नभसः
क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति महतां नोपकरणे।।4।। (वृत्तम् – शिखरिणी, स्रोतः – भोजप्रबन्धः)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. मार्गश्चरणविकलः – मार्गः + चरणविकलः।
2. रवियत्येवान्तम् – रविः + याति + एव + अन्तम्।
3. प्रतिदिनमपारस्य – प्रतिदिनम् + अपारस्य।
4. नोपकरणे – न + उपकरणे।

अन्वयः- रथस्य एकं चक्रं, सप्त भुजगयमिता: तुरगाः, निरालम्ब: मार्गः, सारथिः अपि चरणविकलः, (तथापि) रविः प्रतिदिनम् अपारस्य नभसः अन्तं याति एव। महतां क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति, उपकरणे न (भवति)।

अनुवादः

सूर्य दररोज, सापांनी नियंत्रित सात घोडे जोडलेल्या, एकच चाक असलेल्या रथातून, निराधार मार्गावरून, पायाने विकलांग अशा सारथीबरोबर अनंत अशा आकाशाच्या शेवटापर्यंत जातो. (जसे) महान लोकांच्या कार्याचे यश त्यांच्यातील सत्त्वाने (सामध्यनि) होते. साधनांनी नाही.

Even with a single wheel to the chariot of seven horses controlled by the bridle of snake, a supportless (difficult) path and a lame charioteer, the sun surely reaches the end of the unending sky everyday. The success of great people is in their spirit (valour) and does not depend on the means.

श्लोकः 5

अल्पानामपि वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका।
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनष्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः।।4।। (वृत्तम् – अनुष्टुप, स्रोत: – हितोपदेशः।)

अनुवादः

लहानसहान वस्तूंचा संघ कार्य यशस्वी करतो (पूर्णत्वास नेतो). गवतापासून बनविलेल्या दोरखंडाने मत्त हत्ती (सुद्धा) नियंत्रित केले जातात.

Union of even small things accomplishes (big) tasks. Just as the intoxicated elephants are tied by a rope made of hay-sticks.

श्लोकः 6

प्रथमवयसि पीतं तोयमल्पं स्मरन्तः
शिरसि निहितभारा नारिकेला नराणाम्।
ददति जलमनल्पास्वादमाजीवितान्त।
न हि कृतमुपकारं साधवो विस्मरन्ति ।।6।। (वृत्तम् – मालिनी, स्रोत: – विक्रमचरितम्।)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. तोयमल्पम् – तोयम् + अल्पम्।
2. कृतमुपकारम् – कृतम् + उपकारम्।
3. साधवो विस्मरन्ति – साधवः + विस्मरन्ति।
4. जलमनल्पास्वादमाजीवितान्तम् – जलम् + अनल्पास्वादम् + आजीवितान्तम्।
5. निहितभारा नारिकेला नराणाम् – निहितभारा: + नारिकेला: + नराणाम्।

अन्वय:- प्रथमवयसि पीतम् अल्पं तोयं स्मरन्तः शिरसि निहितभारा: आजीवितान्तं नराणां (नरेभ्यः) अनल्पास्वाद जलं ददति। साधवः कृतम् उपकारं नहि विस्मरन्ति।

अनुवादः

नारळाचे झाड लहानपणी मिळालेले थोडे पाणी लक्षात ठेवून, नारळांचे ओझे डोक्यावर बाळगून माणसांना आजन्म भरपूर गोड पाणी देते. (जसे) दुसऱ्याने केलेले उपकार सज्जन लोक कधीही विसरत नाहीत. (त्याची अनेक पटीने परतफेड करतात.)

In memory of the little water consumed in early age (as a seedling), a coconut tree, bearing weight on its head throughout its life, gives sweet water abundantly to humans. The noble people never forget benevolence (help offered by others).

श्लोक: 7

घटं भिन्द्यात् पटं छिन्द्यात् कुर्याद्रासभरोहणम्।
येन केन प्रकारेण प्रसिद्धः पुरुषो भवेत् ।।7।। (वृत्तम – अनुष्टुप, प्रकार: – हास्योक्तिः )

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. कुर्याद्रासभरोहणम् – कुर्यात् + रासभरोहणम्।
2. पुरुषो भवेत् . पुरुष: + भवेत्।

अन्वय:- पुरुषः घटं भिन्द्यात्, पटं छिन्द्यात, रासभरोहणं (अपि) कुर्यात्। येन केन प्रकारेण (स:) प्रसिद्धः भवेत्।

अनुवादः

घडा (भांडी) फोडावा, कपडे फाडावेत, गाढवावर (देखील) बसावे, पण काही तरी करून मनुष्याने प्रसिद्ध व्हावे.
One should break a pot, tear clothes and ride a donkey. By some way or the other (hook or crook), one should become popular.

शब्दार्थाः

1. रूपमधिकम् – more than beauty – रूपाहून अधिक
2. प्रच्छन्नगुप्तम् – secretly hidden – गुप्त/लपविलेले
3. भोगकरी – brings pleasure – आनंद / समाधान प्राप्त करून देणारे
4. सुखकरी – gives happiness – सुख देणारे
5. गुरूणाम् – of preceptors – गुरूंचे
6. बन्धुजनः – relative – नातेवाईक
7. विदेशगमने – when travelled in foreign land परदेशी प्रवास केला असता
8. परं दैवतम् – supreme deity – सर्वश्रेष्ठ दैवत
9. राजसु – among kings – राजांमध्ये
10. विद्याविहीन: – devoid of knowledge – विद्याहीन, ज्ञानहीन
11. निन्दन्तु – may censure – निंदानालस्ती करो
12. नीतिनिपुणाः – expert in ethics – नीतिमध्ये कुशल
13. स्तुवन्तु – may praise – स्तुती करो
14. समाविशतु – may come – येवो
15. यथेष्टम् – as per will – स्वेच्छेने
16. अद्यैव – today itself – आजच
17. युगान्तरे – in another era – युगानंतर (दुसऱ्या युगात)
18. न्याय्यात्पथ: – from the path of justice – न्याय्यमार्गावरून
19. प्रविचलन्ति – deviate – ढळतात
20. धीराः – courageous – धैर्यवान
21. भुजगयमिता: – controlled by serpants – सापांनी नियंत्रित
22. निरालम्बः – unsupported – निराधार
23. चरणविकल: – lame by a leg – पायाने पंगु
24. सारथिः – charioteer – सारथी
25. अन्तं याति – goes to the end – शेवटपर्यंत जातो
26. अपारस्य नभसः – of the endless sky – अनंत आकाशाच्या
27. क्रियासिद्धिः – accomplishment of the task – कार्याची पूर्तता
28. उपकरणे – on the means – साधनांवर
29. प्रथमवयसि – in early age – लहानपणी
30. तोयम् – water – पाणी
31. निहितभाराः – bearing weight – वजन घेऊन
32. आजीवितान्तम् – throughout life – संपूर्ण आयुष्यभर
33. अनल्पास्वादम् abundant of sweet water – भरपूर प्रमाणात गोड पाणी
34. उपकारम् – favour/benevolence – उपकार
35. अल्पनाम – of small (insignificant) things – लहानसहान गोष्टींचा
36. संहतिः – unity / union – संघ
37. कार्यसाधिका – that which accomplishes the task – कार्य साधणारी
38. गुणत्वम् – collection of a rope – दोरखंड
39. तृणैः – by grasses – गवतापासून बनविलेले
40. बध्यन्ते – can control – बांधले जातात/नियंत्रित केले जातात
41. घटम् – a pot – घडा
42. भिन्द्यात् – should break – फोडावा
43. पटम् – a cloth – वस्त्र
44. छिन्द्यात् – should tear – फाडावे
45. रासभरोहणम् – should ride – गाढवावर बसावे
46. कुर्यात् – adonkey
47. येन केन प्रकारेप – by hook or crook – काहीतरी करून
48. प्रसिद्धः भवेत् – should become famous – प्रसिद्ध व्हावे
49. आत्मनः – own – स्वत:च्या
50. मुखदोषेण’ – due to fault of mouths – तोंडाच्या दोषाने (आवाजामुळे)
51. बध्यन्ते – caged/trapped – अडकले जातात
52. शुकसारिकाः – parrots and mynas – पोपट व साळुक्या/मैना
53. बकाः – cranes – बगळे
54. मौनम् – silence – मौन
55. सर्वार्थसाधनम् – instrument of achieving all purposes – सर्व हेतू प्राप्त करण्याचे साधन

10th Standard Sanskrit Anand Digest Pdf  

• आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा Class 10 Question Answer
• सूक्तिसुधा Class 10 Question Answer
• स एव परमाणुः Class 10 Question Answer
• युग्ममाला Class 10 Question Answer
• संस्कृतनाट्यस्तबकः Class 10 Question Answer
• वाचनप्रशंसा Class 10 Question Answer
• नदीसूक्तम् Class 10 Question Answer
• आदिशङ्कराचार्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• चित्रकाव्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• मानवताधर्मः Class 10 Question Answer

Class 10th Sanskrit Aamod Chapter 9 धेनोाघः पलायते Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Amod Chapter 9 धेनोाघः पलायते Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 10 Sanskrit Chapter 9 Question Answer

Sanskrit Amod Std 10 Digest Chapter 9 धेनोाघः पलायते Textbook Questions and Answers

भाषाभ्यास:

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.
चिमणराव: कस्यां मग्नः?
उत्तरम् :
चिमणराव: पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नः।

प्रश्न आ.
क्रीडायां को व्याघ्रं भल्लूकं च नाटयत:?
उत्तरम् :
क्रीडायां द्वौ बहुरूपधारिणौ नरौ व्यानं भल्लूकं च नाटयतः।

प्रश्न इ.
महिला केन मूर्च्छिता?
उत्तरम् :
महिला व्याघ्रस्य मनुष्यबाण्या भाषणेन मूर्छिता।

प्रश्न ई.
चिमणरावेण किं निश्चितम् ?
उत्तरम् :
सर्कसस्वामिन : साहाय्य करणीयम् इति चिमणरावेण निश्चितम्।

प्रश्न उ.
सर्कसक्रीडायाः प्रारम्भः कदा जात: ?
उत्तरम् :
सर्कसक्रीडाया: प्रारम्भः रात्रौ दशवादने जातः ।

प्रश्न ऊ.
चिमणराव: किमर्थं प्रयत्तवान् ?
उत्तरम् :
चिमणराव यावत् शक्यं जनान् रञ्जयितुं प्रयत्तवान्।

प्रश्न ए.
कैः आनन्देन तालिकावादनम् आरब्धम् ?
उत्तरम् :
उत्तेजितैः प्रेक्षकै: आनन्देन तालिकावादनम् आरब्धम्।

प्रश्न ऐ.
धेन्वा किं लक्षितम् ?
उत्तरम् :
धेनुना इमौ न परिचिती व्याघ्रभल्लूको इति लक्षितम्।

प्रश्न ओ.
भल्लूकः कुत्र आरूढवान् ?
उत्तरम् :
भल्लूक: पटमण्डपस्तम्भम् आरूढवान्।

प्रश्न औ.
प्रेक्षकाः कदा कोलाहलं कृतवन्त: ?

2. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरं लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.
सर्कसस्वामी किमर्थं चिमणरावं प्रति आगतः ?
उत्तरम् :
‘धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ या कथेत चिमणरावांच्या स्वभाव वैशिष्ट्यांमुळे जी विनोदनिर्मिती होते त्यामुळे वाचकांच्या चेहऱ्यावर स्मितहास्य उमटते. त्याचप्रमाणे ही कथा म्हणजे एका प्रादेशिक भाषेतून प्राचीन भाषेतील अनुवादाचा उत्कृष्ट नमुना आहे.

या कथेचा नायक चिमणराव हा साधाभोळा, प्रामाणिक आणि देशभक्त आहे. त्यांनी ‘स्काऊट’ सारखाच शूरवीर मुलांचा संघ स्थापन केला, ज्याद्वारे लहान मुलांच्या मनात परोपकार, शौर्य, सहकार्य, समाजसेवेचे संस्कार रुजवण्याचा त्याचा मानस आहे.

सुट्टीमध्ये त्याने बनेश्वर नावाच्या गावात या मुलांच्या चमूला शिबिरासाठी नेले. शिबिराच्या पहिल्याच दिवशी दुपारचे जेवण आटपून चिमणराव मुलांसोबत पत्ते खेळण्यात मग्न असताना, नुकताच परिचय झालेले प्रोफेसर सर्कसवाले त्यांना शोधत आले. सर्कशीच्या मालकांना प्रयोगासाठी चिमणरावांचे सहकार्य अपेक्षित होते.

प्रयोगात अस्वल आणि वाघाचे सोंग घेणाऱ्या व्यक्ती भांडणादरम्यान जखमी झाल्या होत्या. त्यामुळे सर्कसच्या मालकांनी चिमणरावांना विनंती केली, की मुलांच्या संघातील दोघांना त्या दिवशीच्या प्रयोगात अस्वल व वाघाचे सोंग घेण्याची परवानगी द्यावी, जेणेकरुन प्रयोग न फसता यशस्वीपणे पूर्ण होईल.

The story ‘धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ brings smile on the faces of the readers due to the humor caused by innocent nature of चिमणराव. It is also an excellent example of translation skills from a regional language to the ancient language of India.

चिमणराव, the hero of this story isa sincere, innocent and patriotic person, made a troop of brave children like ‘scout’. The purpose behind it, was to inculcate values like benevolence, bravery, co-operation, social service etc. in the minds of the children.

During vacations, he took this troop of children to a village called ‘बनेश्वर for a camp. On the first day of the camp itself, when चिमणराव was busy playing cards with the children in the afternoon, प्रोफेसर सर्कसवाले, an owner of a circus came to meet him.

He was seeking help from चिमणराव in his circus show. The men enacting a bear and a tiger in his show were wounded. So the owner of the circus requested चिमणराव to allow any two soldiers from the troop to enact the animals and save the show from being a flop.

प्रश्न आ.
सर्कसक्रीडायाः आरम्भात् पूर्वं किं किम् अभवत् ?
उत्तरम् :
धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ या कथेत चिमणरावांच्या स्वभाव वैशिष्ट्यांमुळे जी विनोदनिर्मिती होते त्यामुळे वाचकांच्या चेहऱ्यावर स्मितहास्य उमटते. त्याचप्रमाणे ही कथा म्हणजे एका प्रादेशिक भाषेतून प्राचीन भाषेतील अनुवादाचा उत्कृष्ट नमुना आहे.

सर्कशीच्या मालकांनी प्रयोगासाठी सहकार्य करण्याच्या विनंतीचा चिमणरावांनी स्वीकार केला. त्यांनी आपल्या चमूतील बालवीरांपैकी अब्दुलची निवड अस्वलाच्या सोंगासाठी केली आणि ते स्वतः वाघाच्या वेशात तयार झाले. प्रयोग सुरु होण्यापूर्वी ते दोघे आपापले सोंग घेऊन नेमलेल्या पिंजऱ्यांत शिरले. वाघाचे सोंग घेतलेल्या चिमणरावांच्या पिंजऱ्यासमोर तोबा गर्दी जमली होती, त्यांनी प्रेक्षकांचे मनोरंजन करण्याचा प्रयत्न केला मात्र प्रेक्षक, ‘अरे, हा काय वाघ आहे? किती कृश आहे,’ अशी त्यांची खिल्ली उडवू लागले.

चिमणरावांनी वाघासारखी डरकाळी फोडल्यामुळे आईसोबत वाघ बघायला आलेला एक मुलगा घाबरला. तेव्हा त्याच्या आईन रागात वाघाला दगड फेकून मारला. परंतु त्यामुळे वाघाच्या वेशातील चिमणराव जखमी झाले. क्षणभर हे सगळे नाटक विसरून ते वेदनेने ओरडले, ‘पिंजऱ्यातल्या वाघाला बघून बायका दगड मारतात.’ त्यांचे हे वाक्य पूर्ण होण्याआधीच मनुष्यवाणीत बोलणाऱ्या वाघाला बघून ती बाई चक्रावली.

‘भूत आहे भूत’, असे किंचाळत ती चक्कर येऊन जमिनीवर पडली. त्यानंतर चिमणरावांचा मुलगा राषु पिंजऱ्याजवळ येऊन मधेच त्यांना म्हणाला, ‘आप्पा, तुम्हांला चहा प्यायचा आहे का?’ अशाप्रकारे वाघाला वडील म्हणून संबोधणारा मुलगा पाहून प्रेक्षक अधिकच संभ्रमात पडले. अशाप्रकारे, सर्कशीचा प्रयोग सुरु होण्यापूर्वीच तंबूत गडबड-गोंधळाचे वातावरण निर्माण झाले.

The story ‘धेनोक्नः पलायते।’ brings smile on the faces of the readers due to the humor caused by innocent nature of चिमणराव. It is also an excellent example of translation skills from a regional language to the ancient language of India. चिमणराव accepted the request of the circus owner to help him in his show.

He appointed अब्दुल, one of the cadets of his troop, as the bear and he himself got ready to enact the tiger in the show. Before the show would begin, both of them entered their allotted cages in the disguise of the bear and the tiger. A huge crowd. gathered around चिमणराव’s cage, who was disguised as the tiger.

He tried to entertain the crowd but the people mockingly said, “Is this a tiger? How weak is this!” A boy, who came to see the tiger along with his mother, got afraid due to the roaring of the tiger. So his mother threw a stone at him with anger. But behind the tiger’s disguise got wounded. For a second, he forgot about all the drama and screamed with pain, “Seeing the caged tigers, ladies throw stones.”

Before he could end his sentence, that lady got surprised seeing a tiger speaking in human voice. She fell on the ground being unconscious, screaming, “Ghost, it’s ghost!” Further चिमणराव’s son राघु came near the cage and asked him, “Father, would you like to have some tea?” With this the audience got even more confused. Thus, even before the circus show began, there was situation of chaos and confusion in the tent of circus.

प्रश्न इ.
पशूनां सहभोजनसमये क: हास्यपूर्णः अनवस्थाप्रसङ्गः समुत्पन्नः?
उत्तरम् :
‘धेनोव्याघ्रः पलायते।’ या कथेत चिमणरावांच्या स्वभाव वैशिष्ट्यांमुळे जी विनोदनिर्मिती होते त्यामुळे वाचकांच्या चेहऱ्यावर स्मितहास्य उमटते. त्याचप्रमाणे ही कथा म्हणजे एका प्रादेशिक भाषेतून प्राचीन भाषेतील अनुवादाचा उत्कृष्ट नमुना आहे. सर्कशीच्या मालकांच्या विनंतीचा स्वीकार करून चिमणराव व अब्दुलने अनुक्रमे वाघ व अस्वलाचे सोंग घेतले. प्रयोग रात्री 10 ला सुरू झाला. प्राण्यांच्या सहभोजनाचा लोकप्रिय कार्यक्रम 12 वाजता सुरू झाला.

प्रेक्षकांची उत्सुकता शिगेला पोहोचली. मंचावर तीन खुर्त्या आणि मधोमध एक गोलाकार टेबल ठेवण्यात आले. चिमणराव व अब्दुल आपापल्या खुर्चीत जाऊन बसले. त्या कार्यक्रमातील तिसरा प्राणी म्हणजे गाय सुद्धा मंचावर आली. चिमणराव आणि अब्दुल प्राण्यांचे सोंग घेऊन बसले होते, ती गाय मात्र खरीखुरी होते.

प्राण्यांसमोर खाद्य वाढले जात असता प्रेक्षकांनी आनंद आणि उत्सुकतेने टाळ्यांचा कडकडाट केला. त्या गायीला पूर्वी जे प्राण्यांचे सोंग घ्यायचे त्यांच्यासोबत कार्यक्रम करण्याचा सराव होता. परंतु थोड्याच वेळात गायीच्या लक्षात आले की, हे वाघ आणि अस्वल नेहमीचे नाहीत, ती संशय आणि गोंधळाने दोघांकडे पाहू लागली. आपली शिंगं उगारून ती दोघांवर गुरकावू लागली. चिमणरावांनी डरकाळी फोडून व आपले तीक्ष्ण दात दाखवून तिला घाबरवण्याचा प्रयत्न केला, परंतु ती त्याला बधली नाही. अब्दुलने हाताने तिला चापट मारली. तेव्हा चिडून ती दोघांवर धावून गेली.

प्रेक्षकांनी पाहिले की अस्वल घावरून तंबूच्या खांबावर चढले. हा त्यांना प्रयोगातील पूर्वनियोजित भाग आहे असे वाटले. परंतु अस्वल हातातून निसटल्यामुळे चिडून ती गाय आता चिमणराव म्हणजेच वाघावर धावून गेली. अशा संकटसमयी पूर्वी ठरवलेला सगळा बनाव आणि घेतलेले वाघाचे सोंग विसरून भितीने किंचाळत चिमणराव पळू लागले, ‘वाचवा, प्रोफेसरसाहेब, वाचवा!’ गायीला घाबरुन पळणारा वाघ पाहून प्रेक्षक गोंधळात पडले.पुढे त्यांना या नाटकाची कल्पना आली.

त्यांनी वाघाचे सोंग उतरवून चिमणरावांना बेदम मारले. इतके, की ते वेदनेने बेशुद्ध होऊन पडले. अशा प्रकारे चिमणराव प्रोफेसर सर्कसवाले यांना सर्कशीच्या प्रयोगासाठी सहकार्य करण्याचा प्रयत्न करत असताना प्रयोगाचा मात्र फज्जा उडाला.

The story ‘धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ brings smile on the faces of the readers due to the humor caused due to innocent nature of चिमणराव. It is also an excellent example of translation skills from a regional language to the ancient language of India.

Accepting the request of the circus owner, चिमणराव and अब्दुल were disguised as the tiger and the bear respectively. The circus began at 10 at night. The popular event of animal’s meal together began at 12. Audiences’ enthusiasm raised up. Three chairs and a circular stool in the middle were arranged on the stage. चिमणराव and अब्दुल took their seats. The cow, the third animal of the show, too came on the stage.

While चिमणराव and अब्दुल were disguised as the animals, the cow was a real one. As food was being arranged in front of the animals, the audience started clapping with joy and excitement. The cow was trained to perform in the show along with the earlier disguised men. But in a short while, she realised that these tiger and bear were not the usual ones.

She looked at both of them with confusion and doubt. Raising her horns she attacked them, चिमणराव tried to frighten her by roaring and displaying his sharp teeth, but she didn’t bother. अब्दुल beather with his hand. With this she got angry and ran over him. The audience saw that the bear climbed on the pole of the tent and they thought it was a part of the show. But the cow, being angry as the bear escaped, now attacked चिमणराव-the tiger.

Here चिमणराव forgot the planned drama and the tiger’s disguise due to fear and ran away screaming, “Help, professor, help!”. Seeing the tiger being afraid of a cow and running away, the audience got confused and then realised the drama. They removed the tiger’s disguise off चिमणराव’s body and beat him harshly, so much so that he fell unconscious with pain. Thus, चिमणराव tried to help प्रोफेसर सर्कसवाले in his show, but it turned out to be a fiasco.

3. समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
मनः, गौः, व्याघ्रः, सैनिकः, क्रीडा, वेदना, भाषणम्, उत्कण्ठा, मनुष्यः, शृङ्गे, दन्ताः, उत्तमानम्

प्रश्न 1.
समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
मनः, गौः, व्याघ्रः, सैनिकः, क्रीडा, वेदना, भाषणम्, उत्कण्ठा, मनुष्यः, शृङ्गे, दन्ताः, उत्तमाङ्गम्
उत्तरम् :

• मग्नः – रतः, लीनः ।
• गौः – धेनुः, माहेयी, सौरभेयी, उस्रा, माता, शृङ्गिणी।
• व्याघ्रः – शार्दूल:, द्विपी ।
• सैनिकः – भटः, योध्दा, सेनारक्षः, योधः ।
• क्रीडा – खेलः।
• वेदना – संवेदः, निर्वेशः, उपलम्भः।
• उत्कण्ठा – उत्सुकता।
• भाषणम् – व्याहारः, भाषितम्।
• मनुष्यः – नरः, मानुषः, मर्त्यः, मनुजः, मानवः ।
• शृङ्गे – ककुदे, विषाणे।
• दन्ताः – रदनाः, दशना:।
• उत्तमाङ्गम् – मस्तकम्, शिरः, शीर्षम्, मूर्धा।

4. विरुद्धार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
समाप्य, प्राक्, विस्मृत्य, कृशः

प्रश्न 1.
विरुद्धार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
समाप्य, प्राक्, विस्मृत्य, कृशः
उत्तरम् :

• समाप्य × आरभ्य ।
• प्राक् × अनन्तरम्।
• विस्मृत्य × स्मृत्वा ।
• कृशः × बलवान, बलिष्ठः।

5. प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत।।

प्रश्न अ.
अहं बालैः सह पत्रक्रीडायां मनः आसम् ।
उत्तरम् :
अहं कै: सह पत्रक्रीडायां मग्न: आसम्?

प्रश्न आ.
धेनुः वास्तविकी एव ।
उत्तरम् :
माहेयी / सौरभेयी / गौः / उस्रा / माता / शृङ्गिणी तु वास्तविकी एव।

प्रश्न इ.
सर्कसस्वामिनः विवशता मया अवगता ।
उत्तरम् :
कस्य विवशता मया अवगता?

प्रश्न ई.
भल्लूकवेशे अब्दुलः शोभेत ।
उत्तरम् :
भल्लूकवेषे कः शोभेत?

प्रश्न उ.
महिला मयि पाषाणखण्डान् अक्षिपत् ।
उत्तरम् :
महिला मयि कान् अक्षिपत्?

प्रश्न ऊ.
गौः मञ्चं समागता ।
उत्तरम् :
का मञ्चं समागता?

6. क: कं वदति ?

प्रश्न अ.
‘विज्ञापनं कृत्वा प्रवेशपत्राणि अपि विक्रीतानि ।’
उत्तरम् :
सर्कसक्रीडास्वामी लेखकं चिमणरावं वदति।

प्रश्न आ.
किं धेनुरपि …?’
उत्तरम् :
लेखक : चिमणराव : सर्कसक्रीडास्वामिनं वदति।

प्रश्न इ.
‘चायं पातुम् इच्छति किम्?’
उत्तरम् :
राघु: चिमणरावं/ लेखकं वदति।

7. विशेषण-विशेष्याणां मेलनं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न 1.
विशेषण-विशेष्याणां मेलनं कुरुत ।

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
लोकप्रियः	आकर्षणम्
सर्वोच्चम्	शुल्कम्
बहुरूपधारिणी	व्याघ्रान्
अधिकम्	प्रेक्षकाः
अधिक:	प्रेक्षकेषु
भीत:	सहभोजनकार्यक्रमः
पञ्जरस्थितान्	नरौ
सम्भ्रान्ताः	सम्पर्दः
त्रीणि	व्याघ्रभल्लूको
निमग्रेषु	बाल:
परिचितौ	आसनानि

उत्तरम् :

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
लोकप्रियः	सहभोजनकार्यक्रमः
सर्वोच्चम्	आकर्षणम्
बहुरूपधारिणी	नरौ
अधिकम्	शुल्कम्
अधिक:	सम्पर्दः
भीत:	बाल:
पञ्जरस्थितान्	व्याघ्रान्
सम्भ्रान्ताः	प्रेक्षकाः
त्रीणि	आसनानि
निमग्रेषु	प्रेक्षकेषु
परिचितौ	व्याघ्रभल्लूको

8. अमरकोषात् शब्दं प्रयुज्य वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत ।

प्रश्न अ.
धेनुः तु वास्तविकी एव ।
उत्तरम् :
धेनुः कीदृशी?

प्रश्न आ.
मम उत्तमाङ्गम् उपचारपट्टिकाभिः विभूषितम् ।
उत्तरम् :
मममस्तकम् / शिरः/ शीर्षम् / मूर्धा / मस्तक: उपचारपट्टिकाभिः विभूषितम्।

9. सूचनानुसारं कृती: कुरुत ।

प्रश्न अ.
पत्रक्रीडायां मनः आसम् अहम् । (बहुवचने लिखत।)
उत्तरम् :
पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नाः आस्म वयम्।

प्रश्न आ.
जनाः न सन्तुष्टाः । (एकवचने लिखत)
उत्तरम् :
जन: न सन्तुष्टः।

प्रश्न इ.
प्रेक्षकाः मां निघृणं ताडितवन्तः । (वाच्यपरिवर्तनं कुरुत ।)
उत्तरम् :
प्रेक्षकैः अहं निघृणं ताडितः।

Sanskrit Amod Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 9 धेनोाघः पलायते Additional Important Questions and Answers

अवबोधनम्

(क) उचितं कारण चित्वा वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
सर्कस-क्रीडारङ्गस्य स्वामी लेखकम् अन्विष्यन् शिबिरं समागत: यतः ………….
(अ) सः लेखकस्य साहय्यम् इच्छति।
(ब) सः लेखक सर्कसक्रीडां द्रष्टुं निमन्वितवान्।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) लेखकस्य साहाय्यम् इच्छति।

प्रश्न 2.
सर्कसक्रीडायां व्याघ्रभल्लूको द्विपादौ एव यतः ……………
(अ) वास्तविको व्याघ्रभल्लूको पालयितुं तेषां सामर्थ्य नासीत्।
(ब) स: वास्तविक-व्याघ्रभल्लूकाभ्यां भीतः।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) वास्तविको व्याघ्रभल्लूको पालयितु तेषां सामथ्र्य नासीत्।

प्रश्न 3.
अब्दुल: भल्लूकपात्रे नियोजित: यतः ……….
(अ) लेखक: भल्लूकपात्रम् अभिनेतुं नैच्छत्।
(ब) अब्दुल: भल्लूकवेषे शोभेत इति लेखक: अमन्यत।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) अब्दुल: भल्लूकवेधे शोभेत इति लेखक: अमन्यत ।

प्रश्न 4.
माता व्याघ्र पाषाणखण्डान् क्षिपति यतः
(अ) तस्याः पुत्रः व्याघ्रगर्जनां श्रुत्वा भीतः।
(ब) माता व्याघ्र पीडयितुम् इच्छति स्म।
उत्तरम् :
(अ) तस्याः पुत्र : व्याघ्रगर्जनां श्रुत्वा भीतः।

प्रश्न 5.
माता मूच्छिता यतः ………
(अ) माता ज्वरपीडिता।
(ब) तस्याः पुरत: व्याघ्रः मनुष्यवाण्या अवदत्।
उत्तरम् :
(ब) तस्याः पुरत: व्याघ्रः मनुष्यवाण्या अवदत्।

प्रश्न 6.
कार्यक्रमस्य अन्ते प्रेक्षका: व्याघ्रवेषधारिणं मनुष्यं ताडितवन्तः यतः
(अ) व्याघ्रवेषधारिणा मनुष्येण चौर्यकार्य कृतम्।
(ब) तेन मनुष्येण व्याघ्रवेषं धृत्वा प्रेक्षकाणां वञ्चना कृता।
उत्तरम् :
(ब) तेन मनुष्येण व्याघ्रवेषं धृत्वा प्रेक्षकाणां वनना कता।

(ख) उचितं पर्यायं चित्वा वाक्यं पुनर्लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
1. तथा विज्ञापनं कृत्वा …………….. विक्रीतानि। (प्रवेशपत्राणि/पिहितपत्राणि)
2. अस्माकं सर्कसक्रीडायां …………….., भल्लूक: च द्विपादौ एव। (गौः/ व्याघ्रः)
उत्तरम् :
1. प्रवेशपत्राणि
2. व्याघः

प्रश्न 2.

1. ……….. भल्लूकवेषे नियोजितः । (लेखक:/अब्दुल:)
2. व्याघ्रस्य अभिनयाथै ……. सिद्धः । (लेखक:/अब्दुल:)
3. ……….. पारस्य पुरत: सम्मदः जातः । (व्याघ्रस्य/ भल्लूकस्य)
4. महिला पुत्रेण सह ……….. द्रष्टुम् आगता। (व्याघ्र/भल्लूकं)

उत्तरम् :

1. अब्दुल:
2. लेखक
3. व्याघ्रस्य
4. व्याधं

प्रश्न 3.
1. ……… मनुष्यवाण्या भाषणेन सा महिला मूर्छिता। (भल्लूकस्य / व्यावस्य)
2. ……. क्रीडाया: चरमबिन्दुः समायातः। (द्वादशवादने / दशवादने)
उत्तरम् :
1. व्याघ्रस्य
2. द्वादशवादने

प्रश्न 4.

1. सम्भ्रमेण संशयेन च ……… दृष्टवती। (आवां / वयम्)
2. अब्दुल: तां ………… ताडितवान्। (हस्तेन / हस्तात)
3. प्रेक्षका: मम व्याघ्रवेषं निष्कास्य मां ………. ताडितवन्तः। (निपुणं / सस्नेह)

उत्तरम् :

1. आवां
2. हस्तेन
3. निघणं

(ग) कः कं वदति।

प्रश्न 1.
किं प्राणिनो: कलहः?
उत्तरम् :
लेखक: चिमणराव: सर्कसक्रीडास्वामिनं वदति।

प्रश्न 2.
नहि, नहि, धेनुस्तु वास्तविकी एव।
उत्तरम् :
सर्कसक्रीडास्वामी लेखक चिमणरावं वदति।

प्रश्न 3.
कृपया साहाय्यं करोतु।
उत्तरम् :
सर्कसक्रीडास्वामी लेखकं चिमणरावं वदति।

(घ) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
एषः गद्यांश: कस्मात् पाठात् उद्धृतः?
उत्तरम् :
एषः गद्यांश: ‘धेनोर्व्याघ्र : पलायते’ इति पाठात् उद्धृतः ।

प्रश्न 2.
भल्लूकपात्रे क: नियोजितः?
उत्तरम् :
भल्लूकपात्रे अब्दुल : नियोजितः।

प्रश्न 3.
कुत्र सम्मः जातः?
उत्तरम् :
व्याघ्रपञ्जरस्य पुरत: सम्मर्द जातः ।

प्रश्न 4.
का पाषाणखण्डान् अक्षिपत्?
उत्तरम् :
व्याघ्र द्रष्टुं स्वपुत्रेण सह आगता माता पाषाणखण्डान् अक्षिपत्।

प्रश्न 5.
कः धेनुं हस्तेन ताडितवान्?
उत्तरम् :
अब्दुल: धेनुं हस्तेन ताडितवान्।

प्रश्न 6.
कदा प्रेक्षागारे मझन् कोलाहल: उत्पन्नः?
उत्तरम् :
धेनो: भीतं, पलायमानं व्याघ्रं दृष्ट्वा पेक्षागारे महान् कोलाहल: उत्पनः ।

(च) वाक्यं पुनलिखित्वा सत्यम् / असत्यम् इति लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.
1. सर्कसक्रीडायां लोकप्रियः सङ्गीतकार्यक्रमः प्रचलति।
2. बहुरूपधारिणौ नरौ गोव्याघ्रौ नाटयतः।
उत्तरम् :
1. असत्यम्।
2. असत्यम्।

प्रश्न 2.

1. व्यानवेषे अब्दुलः समुपस्थितः।
2. व्याघ्रवेषे लेखक: समुपस्थितः।
3. महिला भल्लूकं द्रष्टुम् आगता।
4. व्याघ्रस्य गर्जनया बाल: आनन्दितः।

उत्तरम् :

1. असत्यम्।
2. सत्यम्।
3. असत्यम्।
4. असत्यम्।

प्रश्न 3.

1. रात्रौ दशवादने सर्कसक्रीडायाः प्रारम्भः जातः ।
2. श्रोतृवृन्दः लेखने मग्नः।
3. पूर्व व्याघ्रभल्लूको वास्तविकौ आस्ताम्।

उत्तरम् :

1. सत्यम्।
2. असत्यम्।
3. असत्यम्।

प्रश्न 4.
1. धेनु: व्याघ्रात् भीता।
2. प्रेक्षका; भल्लूकवेषधारिणम् अब्दुलं ताडितवन्तः।
उत्तरम् :
1. असत्यम्।
2. असत्यम्।

शब्दज्ञानम् ।

(क) सन्धिविग्रहः।

1. धेनोर्व्याघः – धेनोः + व्याघ्रः।
2. मामेव – माम् + एव।
3. व्याघ्रश्च – व्याघ्रः + च।
4. इत्येतेषाम् – इति + एतेषाम्।
5. द्वावपि . द्वौ + अपि।
6. नास्ति – न + अस्ति ।
7. धेनुरपि – धेनु: + अपि।
8. धेनुस्तु – धेनुः + तु।
9. करणीयमिति – करणीयम् + इति।
10. प्रागेव – प्राक् + एव।
11. यावच्छक्यम् – यावत् + शक्यम्।
12. किमयम् – किम् + अयम्।
13. कृशोऽयम् – कृशः + अयम्।
14. पूर्वमेव – पूर्वम् + एव।
15. भूतोऽयम् – भूतः + अयम्।
16. पूर्वमपि – पूर्वम् + अपि।
17. तथापि – तथा + अपि ।
18. अचिरादेव – अचिरात् + एव।
19. अहमपि – अहम् + अपि।
20. किञ्चिदपि – किञ्चित् + अपि ।
21. मूलस्वरूपमाश्रितवान् – मूलस्वरूपम् + आश्रितवान्।

(ख) त्वान्त-ल्यबन्त-तुमन्त-अव्ययानि ।

1.

त्वान्त अव्यय धातु + त्वा / ध्या / ट्वा / ड्वा / इत्वा / अयित्वा	ल्यबन्त अव्यय उपसर्ग + धातु + य / त्य	तुमन्न अव्यय धातु + तुम् / धुम् / टुम् / दम् / इतुम् / अयितुम्
कृत्वा, धृत्वा	समाप्य	पालयितुम्
यितुम् मत्वा, धृत्वा, दृष्ट्वा	विस्मृत्य	रञ्जयितुम्, द्रष्टुम्

2.

ल्यबन्त अव्यय उपसर्ग + धातु + य / त्य	तुमन्त अव्यय धातु + तुम् / धुम् / टुम् / दुम् / इतुम् / अयितुम्
आगत्य	पातुम, कर्तुम्

(ख) त्वान्त – ल्यबन्त – अव्ययानि।

तुमन्त अव्यय धातु + त्वा / ध्वा / ट्वा /  दवा / इत्वा / अयित्वा	ल्यबन्त अव्यय उपसर्ग + धातु + य / त्य
कृत्वा, दृष्ट्वा	उन्नम्य, विचिन्त्य, विस्मृत्य, निष्कास्य

(ग) विभक्त्यन्तरूपाणि।

द्वितीया – भोजनादिकम्, माम, विज्ञापनम, व्याघ्रम्, भल्लूकम्, साहाय्यम्, व्याघ्रभल्लूकवेषौ, जनान, व्याघम्, पाषाणखण्डान्, पञ्जरस्थितान्, व्याघान्, त्रीणि, आसनानि, वर्तुलाकारम्, पीठम्, मञ्चम्, आवाम्, शृङ्गे, नौ, तीक्ष्णदन्तान, ताम, तम्, पटमण्डपस्तम्भम, व्याघ्रम, माम, लक्ष्यम्, व्याघ्रत्वम्, द्विपादम, मूलस्वरूपम्, भीतम्, पलायमानम्, पुण्यपत्तनदिशम्।

तृतीया – बालैः, प्राध्यापकमहाशयेन, मया, मया, यदृच्छया, उपहासेन, स्वपुत्रेण, गर्जनया, वेदनया, मनुष्यवाण्या, भाषणेन, उच्चैः, उत्तेजितैः, प्रेक्षकैः, आनन्देन, ताभ्याम्, धेनुना, सम्भमेण, संशयेन, हस्तेन, तेन, चापल्येन, भीत्या, वेदनाभिः, उपचारपट्टिकाभिः।
पञ्चमी – कतिपयेभ्यः, मासेभ्यः, कलहकारणात्, अचिरात्, तस्याः, धेनोः।

षष्ठी – शिबिरस्य, अस्माकम्, एतेषाम, पशूनाम्, प्रयोगस्य, भल्लूकयोः, प्राणिनोः, भवतः, प्रेक्षकाणाम्, सर्कसस्वामिनः, तस्य, परोपकारस्य, व्याघ्रस्य, मम, पारस्य, मम, वाक्यसमाप्तेः, व्याघ्रस्य, सर्कसक्रीडाया:, प्रेक्षकाणाम्, उत्कण्ठायाः, अस्माकम्, खाद्यस्य, सहभोजनस्य, भल्लूकवेषे, भल्लूकपात्रे, स्वपञ्जरयोः, मयि, भूमौ, रात्रौ, दशवादने, द्वादशवादने, मझे, मध्यभागे, एकस्मिन्, आसने, प्रारम्भे, जाते।

सप्तमी – प्रथमदिने, मध्याहे, पत्रक्रीडायाम, सर्कसक्रीडायाम्।

सम्बोधनम् – कॅप्टनसाहेब, महाशय।

(घ) विशेषण – विशेष्य – सम्बन्धः।

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
1. कतिपयेभ्यः	मासेभ्यः
2. द्विपादौ	भल्लूको
3. वास्तविकी	धेनुः
4. महान्	उपकार:
5. मनुष्यवाण्या	भाषणेन
6. मूर्छिता	महिला
7. वर्तुलाकारम्	पीठम्
8. भल्लूकवेषधारी	अब्दुल:
9. उत्तेजितैः	प्रेक्षकैः
10. अभ्यस्ता	धेनुः
11. सन्तुष्टाः	जनाः
12. कृशः	व्याघ्रः
13. पूर्वनियोजिता	क्रीडा
14. प्रमुदिताः	प्रेक्षका:
15. क्रुद्धा	धेनुः
16. चतुष्पादविशिष्टम्	व्याघ्रत्वम्
17. द्विपादम्	मूलस्वरूपम्
18. भीतम्, पलायमानम्	व्याघ्रम्
19. महान्	कोलाहल:
20. अनुत्तमानि	अङ्गानि

(च) लकारं लिखत।

प्रश्न 1.

1. पत्रक्रीडायां मग्न: आसम् अहम्।
2. शृणोतु कॅप्टनसाहेब।
3. बहुरूपधारिणौ नरौ व्याघ्रभल्लूको नाटयतः।
4. अहं प्रार्थये।
5. महान् उपकार: स्यात्।
6. कृपया साहाय्यं करोतु।

उत्तरम् :

1. लङ्लकार :
2. लोट्लकार :
3. लट्लकार:
4. लट्लकार:
5. विधिलिङ्लकार:
6. लोट्लकार:

प्रश्न 2.

1. भल्लूकवेषे अब्दुल: शोभेत।
2. जनाः उपहासेन अवदन्।
3. महिला: क्षिपन्ति पाषाणखण्डान्।

उत्तरम् :

1. विधिलिङ्लकार:
2. लङ्लकार:
3. लट्लकार:

प्रश्न 3.
1. सा शृङ्गे उन्नम्य नौ आक्रामत्।
2. प्राध्यापकमहाशय, परित्रायताम्।
उत्तरम् :
1. लङ्लकारः
2. लोट्लकार:

(छ) प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत।

प्रश्न 1.
प्राध्यापकमहाशयेन रहस्यभेद: कृतः।
उत्तरम् :
केन रहस्यभेदः कृतः? ।

प्रश्न 2.
बहुरूपधारिणौ नरौ व्याघ्रभल्लूको नाटयतः।
उत्तरम् :
को व्याघ्रभल्लूको नाटयतः?

प्रश्न 3.
व्याघ्रस्य मनुष्यवाण्या भाषणेन सा महिला मूर्छिता।
उत्तरम् :
केन कारणेन सा महिला मूर्छिता?

प्रश्न 4.
रात्रौ दशवादने सर्कसक्रीडायाः प्रारम्भः जातः ।
उत्तरम् :
कस्मिन् समये / कदा सर्कसक्रीडाया: प्रारम्भः जातः?

प्रश्न 5.
क्रुद्धा धेनु: व्याघ्र लक्ष्यं कृतवती।
उत्तरम् :
क्रुद्धा धेनुः कं लक्ष्यं कृतवती?

प्रश्न 6.
प्रेक्षागारे महान् कोलाहल: उत्पन्नः ।
उत्तरम् :
कुत्र महान् कोलाहल: उत्पन्नः?

पृथक्करणम्

क्रमेण योजयत।

प्रश्न 1.

1. शिबिरस्य प्रथमं दिनम्।
2. सर्कसस्वामिनः साहाय्ययाचना।
3. सहभोजनस्य रहस्यभेदः।
4. सर्कसस्वामिनः आगमनम्।

उत्तरम् :

1. शिबिरस्य प्रथमं दिनम्।
2. सर्कसस्वामिनः आगमनम्।
3. सहभोजनस्य रहस्यभेदः।
4. सर्कसस्वामिनः साहाय्ययाचना।

प्रश्न 2.

1. माता व्याघ्र पाषाणखण्डान् अक्षिपत्।
2. व्याघ्रस्य पुरत: सम्मर्दः जातः।
3. व्याघ्रस्य मनुष्यवाण्या भाषणेन महिला मूर्छिता।
4. व्याघ्रस्य गर्जनया बाल: भीतः।

उत्तरम् :

1. व्याघ्रस्य पुरतः सम्मदः जातः।
2. व्याघ्रस्य गर्जनया बाल: भीतः।
3. माता व्याघ्र पाषाणखण्डान् अक्षिपत्।
4. व्याघ्रस्य मनुष्यवाण्या भाषणेन महिला मूर्च्छिता।

प्रश्न 3.

1. भल्लूकवेषधारिण: अब्दुलस्य आगमनम्।
2. सर्कसक्रीडाया: प्रारम्भः ।
3. उत्तेजितैः प्रेक्षकैः तालिकावादनम्।
4. पशूनां खाद्यस्य योजना।

उत्तरम् :

1. सर्कसक्रीडायाः प्रारम्भः ।
2. भल्लूकवेषधारिणः अब्दुलस्य आगमनम्।
3. पशूनां खाद्यस्य योजना।
4. उत्तेजितै: प्रेक्षकै; तालिकावादनम्।

प्रश्न 4.

1. भल्लूकस्य पटमण्डपस्तम्भम् आरोहणम्।
2. धेनोः सम्भ्रमः आक्रमणं च।
3. चिमणरावस्य व्याघ्रत्वं विस्मृत्य द्विपादरूपाश्रयः ।
4. सहभोजनस्य प्रारम्भः।

उत्तरम् :

1. सहभोजनस्य प्रारम्भः।
2. धेनोः सम्भ्रम: आक्रमणं च।
3. भल्लूकस्य पटमण्डपस्तम्भम् आरोहणम्।
4. चिमणरावस्य व्याघ्रत्वं विस्मृत्य द्विपादरूपाश्रयः ।

भाषाभ्यास:

योग्य रूपं लिखित्वा रिक्तस्थानपूर्ति कुरुत।

प्रश्न 1.

1. क्रीडायां ……….. नरौव्याघ्रभल्लूकौनाटयतः (द्वि-सङ्ख्यावाचक)
2. ………… सैनिकौ प्रेक्षकाणां मनोरञ्जनं कुर्याताम्। (द्वि-सजावाचक)
3. ………… महिला स्वपुत्रेण सह व्यानं द्रष्टुम् आगता। (एक – सङ्ख्यावाचक)
4. राघुः पञ्जरसमीपम् आगत्य पृष्टवान्। (एक-आवृत्तिवाचक)
5. सेवक: मझे “आसनानि स्थापितवान्। (त्रि-सङ्ख्यावाचक)
6. अहम् “आसने उपवेशितः। (एक – सङ्ख्यावाचक)

उत्तरम् :

1. द्वौ
2. द्वौ
3. एका
4. एकवारं
5. त्रीणि
6. एकस्मिन्

सूचनानुसारं कृती: कुरुत।

(क) वाच्यपरिवर्तनं कुरुत।

प्रश्न 1.
अहं विरोधं दर्शितवान्।
उत्तरम् :
मया विरोध: दर्शितः।

प्रश्न 2.
सेवक: त्रीणि आसनानि स्थापितवान्।
उत्तरम् :
सेवकेन त्रीणि आसनानि स्थापितानि।

प्रश्न 3.
अब्दुल: तां हस्तेन ताडितवान्।
उत्तरम् :
अब्दुलेन सा हस्तेन ताडिता।

(ख) त्वान्त / ल्यबन्त अव्ययं निष्कासयत।

प्रश्न 1.
अहं व्याघ्रः न वदति इति विस्मृत्य अवदम्।
उत्तरम् :
अहं व्याघ्रः न वदति इति व्यस्मरम् अवदम् च ।

प्रश्न 2.
अहं गर्जनां कृत्वा तीक्ष्णदन्तान् दर्शितवान्।
उत्तरम् :
अहं गर्जनां कृतवान् तीक्ष्णदन्तान् दर्शितवान् च ।

(ग) स्म निष्कासयत।

प्रश्न 1.
जनाः वन्यपशून् द्रष्टुम् आगच्छन्ति स्म।
उत्तरम् :
जना: वन्यपशून् द्रष्टुम् आगच्छन् ।

(घ) भवान् स्थाने त्वं योजयत।

प्रश्न 1.
भवान् सहाय्यं करोतु ।
उत्तरम् :
त्वं साहाय्यं कुरु।

प्रश्न 2.
भवान् चायं पातुम् इच्छति किम्?
उत्तरम् :
त्वं चायं पातुम् इच्छसि किम्?

प्रश्न 3.
भवान् परित्रायताम्।
उत्तरम् :
त्वं परित्राबस्व।

(च) वचनं परिवर्तयत।

प्रश्न 1.
पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नः आसम् अहम्। (बहुवचने परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नाः आस्म वयम्।

प्रश्न 3.
एका महिला आगता। (द्विवचने परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
द्वे महिले आगते।

(छ) लकारं परिवर्तयत।

प्रश्न 1.
पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नः आसम् अहम्। (विधिलिङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
पत्रक्रीडायां मग्नः स्याम् अहम्।

प्रश्न 2.
महान् उपकारः स्यात्। (लङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
महान् उपकारः आसीत्।

प्रश्न 3.
भल्लूकवेषे अब्दुल: शोभेत। (लङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
भल्लूकवेषे अब्दुलः अशोभत।

प्रश्न 4.
धेनुः नौ आक्रामत्। (विधिलिङ्लकारे परिवर्तयत।)
उत्तरम् :
धेनु: नौ आक्रामेत्।

(ज) वाक्यं शुद्धं कुरुत।

प्रश्न 1.
द्वौ नरौ व्याघ्रभल्लूको नाटयन्ति।
उत्तरम् :
द्वौ नरौ व्याघ्रभल्लूको नाटयतः।

प्रश्न 2.
मम पञ्जरात् पुरत: सम्मदः जातः ।
उत्तरम् :
मम पञ्जरस्य पुरतः सम्मर्दः जातः ।

प्रश्न 3.
धेनुः तयोः सह कार्यक्रमः कर्तुम् अभ्यस्ता आसीत्।
उत्तरम् :
धेनुः ताभ्यां सह कार्यक्रमः कर्तुम् अभ्यस्ता आसीत्।

प्रश्न 4.
कृद्धाः धेनु: मां लक्ष्यं कृतवती।
उत्तरम् :
कद्धा धेनु: मां लक्ष्यं कृतवती।

समासाः

समस्तपदम्	अर्थ:	समासविग्रहः	समासनाम
व्याघ्रभल्लूको	tiger and bear	व्याघ्रः च भल्लूक: च।	इतरेतर द्वन्द्व समास
चरमबिन्दुः	peak point	चरम: बिन्दुः।	कर्मधारय समास
तीक्ष्णदन्ताः	sharp teeth	तीक्ष्णा: दन्ताः।	कर्मधारय समास
उत्तमाङ्गम्	topmost organ	उत्तमम् अङ्गम्।	कर्मधारय समास
अभिनयार्थम्	for enacting	अभिनयाय इदम्।	चतुर्थी तत्पुरुष समास
बालवीरचमः	a troop of brave children	बालवीराणां चमूः।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
पाषाणखण्डा:	pieces of stone	पाषाणस्य खण्डाः।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
लोकप्रियः	dear amongst people	लोकेषु प्रियः।	सप्तमी तत्पुरुष समास
भल्लूकवेषधारी	a man disguised as a bear	भल्लूकवेषं धारयति इति।	उपपद तत्पुरुष समास
अनुत्तमानि	not excellent	न उत्तमानि।	नञ्तत्पुरुष समास

धेनोाघः पलायते Summary in Marathi and English

प्रस्तावना :

‘धेनोव्याघ्रः पलायते।’ हे शीर्षक संस्कृत साहित्यातील भोजराजाच्या कथेतील एका प्रसिद्ध समस्येवर आधारीत आहे. ती म्हणजे ‘मृगात् सिंहः पलायते।’ या दोन्ही वाक्यांमध्ये लेखकांनी सृष्टीनियमांविरुद्ध अशा परिस्थितीचे चित्रण केले आहे. परंतु त्यातूनच निर्माण होणारा विनोद वाचकांच्या चेहऱ्यावर स्मितहास्य आणतो.

ही कथा मराठी साहित्यातील अजरामर कलाकृती असलेल्या ‘चिमणरावांचे चव्हाट’ या कथा संग्रहातील ‘कॅप्टन चिमणराव – स्काउटमास्तर’ या कथेचा अनुवाद असून संस्कृत वार्षिक अंक ‘समर्पणम्’ मधून प्रसिद्ध झाली होती. या कथेचा नायक व मराठी साहित्यातील प्रसिद्ध पात्र असलेला चिमणराव स्काऊटच्या धर्तीवर बालवीरांचा गट निर्माण करु इच्छितो.

परोपकार, शूरता, समाजसेवा इ. मूल्यांचे महत्त्व त्या लहान मुलांच्या मनावर बिंबवणे हा त्यामागचा शुद्ध हेतू. या बालचमूला सुट्टीत शिबिरासाठी घेऊन गेला असताना त्यांना परोपकाराचे धडे देण्याची संधी त्याला मिळते.

मात्र त्यातून जो अनावस्था प्रसंग उद्भवतो आणि त्यात चिमणराव स्वत:च कसा अडकतो, याचे वर्णन चिमणराव स्वत: करतो. ‘धेनोयाघ्रः पलायते।’ या कथेत चिमणरावांच्या स्वभाववैशिष्ट्यांमुळे जी विनोदनिर्मिती होते त्यामुळे वाचकांच्या चेहऱ्यावर स्मितहास्य उमटते. त्याचप्रमाणे ही कथा म्हणजे एका प्रादेशिक भाषेतून प्राचीन भाषेतील अनुवादाचा उत्कृष्ट नमुना आहे.

The title ‘धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ is based on a famous समस्या in Sanskrit literature, ‘मृगात् सिंहः पलायते।’ which comes from the stories of king 11. In both the quotes, the author has imagined a situation exactly opposite to the nature’s law. These situations surely bring smile on the reader’s face.

This story is a translated version of a Marathi story ‘कॅप्टन चिमणराव – स्काउटमास्तर’ from a renowned story book ‘चिमणरावांचे चव्हाट’ and tuns published in annual संस्कृत magazine named ‘समर्पणम्’. चिमणराव, the hero of this story and an immortal character of Marathi literature, wished to train a troop of brave youngsters/teenagers, similar to the scouts.

His aim behind this training uns to inculcate qualities like benevolence, bravery, social service etc. in the minds of the young children. But as he took them for a camp during mcations and got an opportunity to teach them a lesson of benevolence, he himself got stuck in a difficult situation.

The story ‘धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते।’ brings smile on the faces of the readers due to the humor caused due to innocent nature of चिमणराव. It is also an excellent example of translation skills from a regional language to the ancient language of India.

परिच्छेदः 1

शिबिरस्य प्रथमदिबसे ……… साहाय्यं करोतु।

अनुवादः

शिबिराच्या पहिल्या दिवशीच दुपारी जेवण वगैरे आवरून मी मुलांसोबत पत्ते खेळण्यात मग्न होतो. तेव्हा नुकतीच ओळख झालेले प्राध्यापक सर्कसवाले (सर्कशीचे मालक) मलाच शोधत तेथे पोहचले. “कॅप्टनसाहेब, ऐका कॅप्टनसाहेब! आमच्या सर्कशीत कित्येक महिन्यांपासून लोकप्रिय असा सहभोजनाचा कार्यक्रम चालतो.

गाय, अस्वल आणि वाघ इ. प्राण्यांचा हा कार्यक्रम प्रयोगाचे सर्वोच्च आकर्षण आहे. तसेच जाहिरात करुन तिकिटे सुद्धा विकली आहेत. परंतु वाघ आणि अस्वलामध्ये झालेल्या भांडणामुळे दोघेही जखमी झाले आहेत.”

“काय? प्राण्यांचे भांडण?” “साहेब, आमच्या सर्कशीच्या खेळात वाघ आणि अस्वल दोन पायांचे (मनुष्य) आहेत.” अशाप्रकारे प्राध्यापकमहोदयांनी रहस्यभेद केला. “अस्वल किंवा वाघ पाळण्याची आमची क्षमता नाही. दोन बहुरूपी पुरुषच प्रयोगात वाघ आणि अस्वलाचा अभिनय करतात.”

“गाय सुद्धा……?”
“नाही, नाही, गाय खरी आहे.”
“हं….. मग मी इथे काय करू सांगा?”
“मी विनंती करतो, की आपल्या बालवीरांच्या चमूतील कोणत्याही दोन सैनिकांनी जर आजच्या प्रयोगात वाघ-अस्वलाचा वेश घेऊन प्रेक्षकांचे मनोरंजन केले, तर खूप उपकार होतील. कृपया मदत करा.”

On the first day of the camp itself, I was engrossed in playing the game of cards with children, after completing lunch etc. in the afternoon At that time, professor सर्कसवाले (owner of a circus) who was newly introduced, reached there looking for me only.

“Respected captain, listen (to me). Our circus has a popular programme of a joint meal since many months. This programme of the cow, the bear and the tiger etc. animals is the biggest attraction of our show. Tickets are also sold with the advertisement. but due to a fight between the bear and the tiger, both are wounded.” “What? Fight between animals?” “Sir, the tiger and the bear in our circus are human indeed.”

Thus, the respected professor revealed the secret. “We are not able to pet a bear or a tiger. Two disguised men only enact the tiger and the bear in the show.” “Is the cow too….?” “No, No, the cow is real.” “Hmm…. tell me then what should I do here?” “I request that, if any two cadets from your troop of brave boys entertain the audience, disguised as the tiger and the bear in today’s show, it would be a great favour. Please help me.”

परिच्छेदः 2

सर्कसस्वामिनः विवशता ………….. क्षिपन्ति पाषाणखण्डान्।

अनुवादः

सर्कशीच्या मालकाची विवशता/अगतिकता माझ्या लक्षात आली. ही परोपकाराची संधी योगायोगाने मिळाली आहे, असा विचार करून त्याची मदत करावी असे मी ठरवले. अस्वलाच्या वेशात अब्दुल शोभेल अशा विचाराने त्याला अस्वलाचे पात्र दिले. वाघाचा अभिनय करण्यासाठी मी स्वत:च तयार झालो. अशाप्रकारे पात्रयोजना झाली.

कार्यक्रमापूर्वीच मी तसेच अब्दुल, वाघ आणि अस्वलाचा वेश घेऊन आपापल्या पिंजऱ्यात थांबलो. माझ्या पिंजऱ्यासमोरच जास्त गर्दी झाली होती. मी शक्यतोवर लोकांचे मनोरंजन करण्याचा प्रयत्न केला. परंतु लोक संतुष्ट नव्हते. “हा काय वाघ आहे ? (किती) दुबळा आहे,” असे थट्टेने म्हणत होते.

तेव्हाच एक बाई वाघ पाहण्यासाठी स्वत:च्या मुलासोबत आली. माझ्या गर्जनेमुळे मुलगा घाबरला, म्हणून ती आई माझ्यावर दगड फेकू लागली. तेव्हा वेदनेने व्याकुळ झालेला मी, वाघ बोलत नाही हे क्षणभर विसरून म्हणालो, “पिंजऱ्यातल्या वाघाला बघून महिला दगड फेकतात/ मारतात.”

I understood the helplessness of the owner of the circus. Thinking that, I have obtained an opportunity to help him by chance I decided to help him. I assigned the character of the bear to Abdul, thinking that he would be apt/suitable for the role. I myself got ready to enact the tiger.

Thus, the characters/roles were decided/fixed. Me and Abdul stayed in our own cages disguised as the tiger and the bear before the show itself. There was more crowd gathered in front of my cage. I tried to entertain people as much as possible but crowd was not satisfied. “Is this a tiger? How weak he is!” They said mockingly.

Then, a woman, along with her son came to see the tiger. The boy got afraid due to my roaring. Hence, that mother threw pieces of stones at me. At that time, for a moment I forgot that the tiger doesn’t speak; I said, “Seeing the caged tigers, women throw pieces of stones.”

परिच्छेदः 3

मम वाक्यसमाप्तेः ……… अभ्यस्ता आसीत्।

अनुवादः

माझं वाक्य संपण्यापूर्वीच, वाघाच्या माणसाच्या भाषेत बोलण्यामुळे मूर्च्छित झालेली ती महिला, ‘हे भूत आहे भूत….’ असे मोठ्याने किंचाळत जमिनीवर पडली. माझा मुलगा राघूसुद्धा एकदा पिंजऱ्याजवळ येऊन, “अप्पा, चहा प्यायचा आहे का?” असे विचारू लागला तेव्हा प्रेक्षक गोंधळात पडले. रात्री दहा वाजता सर्कशीचा खेळ सुरु झाला. बारा वाजता खेळाचा सर्वोच्च बिंदू आला – सहभोजन. प्रेक्षकांची उत्सुकता शिगेला पोहोचली.

गड्याने रंगमंचावर तीन खुा ठेवल्या व मधोमध गोलाकार टेबल ठेवला. एका खुर्चीत मला बसवले होते. नंतर अस्वलाच्या वेशातील अब्दुल तेथे आला. गाय सुद्धा मंचावर आली. त्यानंतर आमच्यासमोर खाद्यपदार्थ ठेवले गेले. सहभोजन सुरु होताच उत्तेजित झालेल्या प्रेक्षकांनी आनंदाने टाळ्या वाजवण्यास सुरुवात केली. पूर्वीसुद्धा वाघ आणि अस्वल ही माणसेच होती. परंतु ती गाय त्यांच्यासोबत कार्यक्रम करण्यासाठी सरावलेली होती.

Even before my sentence would end, that woman screaming aloud, “ghost, it’s a ghost”, fell on the ground being unconscious due to the tiger speaking human language. Even when my son coming near the cage asked, “Father, would you like to have some tea?”, the audience got confused. The circus show began at 100clock in the night. The peak point of the show came at 120dock- joint meal. The excitement of the audience reached the height.

A servant placed three chairs on the stage and a circular stool in the middle. I was made to sit in one chair. Then , disguised as a bear came there. Even the cow arrived on the stage. Then, food was arranged in front of us. As the meal started, the audience that was excited started clapping happily. Even earlier, the tiger and the bear were human. But the cow was trained/used to perform with them.

परिच्छेद: 4

अचिरादेव न इमौ ……… विभूषितानि आसन्।

अनुवादः

थोड्याच वेळात गायीच्या लक्षात आले की, हे वाघ आणि अस्वल | ओळखीचे नाहीत, ती गोंधळाने व संशयाने आम्हाला एकेक करून पाहू लागली.
परिस्थितीची जाणीव होताच तिने शिंग उगारून आमच्यावर हल्ला केला. मी सुद्धा गर्जना करुन माझे तीक्ष्ण दात दाखवले. पण ती जराही घाबरली नाही.

अब्दुलने हाताने तिला मारले. त्यामुळे चिडून ती त्याच्यामागे धावू लागली. अस्वल लगेच तंबूच्या खांबावर चढले. हा सगळा खेळ पूर्वनियोजित आहे असा विचार करुन प्रेक्षकसुद्धा खूश झाले. अस्वल निसटले म्हणून चिडलेली ती गाय आता माझ्याकडे – वाघाकडे वळली. भीतीमुळे चार पायाच्या वाघाचे रूप विसरून मी मूळच्या द्विपाद स्वरूपात आलो.

“प्राध्यापक महोदय, वाचवा, वाचवा”, असा करुण विलाप करत धावत सुटलो. तेव्हा, गाईला घाबरुन पळणाऱ्या वाघाला पाहून प्रेक्षकवर्गात प्रचंड गोंधळ उडाला. प्रेक्षकांनी माझा वाघाचा वेश काढून मला निर्दयीपणे मारले. वेदनेमुळे मी मूच्छित झालो आणि जेव्हा जाग आली तेव्हा आमची गाडी पुन्हा पुण्याच्या दिशेने निघाली होती. माझे मस्तक व इतर अवयव मलमपट्टीमुळे सुशोभित झालेले होते.

In a short while, the cow realized that these tiger and bear are not familiar. She looked at us turn by turn with confusion and doubt. When she realized the fact, she attacked us having raised her horns. I too having roared displayed sharp teeth. But she wasn’t even a little afraid.

अब्दुल beat her with hand. Being angry due to this, she ran after him. The bear quickly climbed the pole of the tent. The audience too got happy thinking that all this show is pre-planned. The cow being angry as the bear escaped, now targeted me, the tiger.

Forgetting the disguise of four-legged tiger due to fear, I resorted to my original bipedal form (stood up). I started running, lamenting “Respected professor, help, help.” At that time, seeing the tiger running, being afraid of the cow, huge chaos took place in the audience.

The audience beat me cruelly removing my tiger’s disguise. I fainted due to pain and when I woke up, our vehicle was already on the way back to Pune. My head and other organs were decorated with bandages.

शब्दार्थाः

1. रहस्यभेदः – revelation of a secret – रहस्याचा उलगडा
2. व्रणिती – (both) got wounded – (दोघे) जखमी झाले
3. द्विपादौ – having two legs – दोन पायांचे प्राणी (दोन माणसे)
4. बहुरूपधारिणौ – taking many forms – बहुरूपी
5. पत्रक्रीडा – game of cards – पत्त्यांचा खेळ
6. विज्ञापनम् – advertisement जाहिरात
7. कलहकारणात् – due to quarrel/fight – भांडणामुळे
8. मध्याहे – in the afternoon – दुपारी
9. अन्विष्य – looking for/searching – शोधत शोधत
10. पालयितुम् – to nurture – पाळण्यासाठी
11. सम्मर्दः – crowd – गर्दी
12. अवसर: – opportunity – संधी
13. कृशः – weak/lean – दुबळा/क्षीण
14. नियोजितः – appointed – नियुक्त केलेले
15. बाधितः – affected – व्याकुळ झाला
16. सिद्धः – got ready – तयार झाला
17. विवशता – helplessness – अगतिकता
18. अवगता – understood – समजली
19. उपहासेन – mockingly – थट्टेने
20. गर्जनया – due to roaring – गर्जनेमुळे
21. स्वपञ्जरयो: – in own cages – स्वत:च्या पिंजऱ्यात
22. अक्षिपत् – threw – फेकला
23. रञ्जयितुम् – to entertain – मनोरंजन करण्यासाठी
24. यदृच्छया – by chance – योगायोगाने
25. पात्रयोजना – characters – पात्रयोजना
26. निर्धारिता – were decided – निश्चित झाली
27. चरमबिन्दुः – peak point – सर्वोच्च बिंदू
28. उत्कण्ठा – excitement – उत्सुकता
29. मूर्छिता – fainted – चक्कर/भोवळ आली
30. आक्रोशन्ती – crying/shouting – ओरडत/किंचाळत
31. तालिकावादनम् – clapping – टाळ्या वाजवणे
32. मनुष्यवाण्या – in human speech – माणसाच्या भाषेत
33. मझे – on stage – रंगमंचावर
34. अभ्यस्ता आसीत् – was trained – प्रशिक्षित होती
35. पराकाष्ठा जाता – reached height – शिखर गाठले
36. कोलाहल: – chaos – गाँधळ
37. शकटः – cart – गाडी/वाहन
38. ताडितवान् – beat – मारले
39. आरूद्धवान् – climbed – चढला
40. विलपन् – lamenting – विलाप करीत
41. क्षुब्धा/कुद्धा – angry – संतप्त
42. उत्तमाङ्गम् – head – मस्तक
43. प्रमुदिताः – delighted / happy – आनंदी
44. अनुत्तमानि – lower – वाईट
45. पटमण्डप स्तम्भम् – pole of the tent – तंबूचा खांब
46. सम्भ्रमेण – due to confusion – गोंधळामुळे
47. उपचारपट्टिकाभिः – with bandages – औषधाच्या पट्टीमुळे
48. शृङ्गे – horns – शिंगे
49. परित्रायताम् – help/save – वाचवा
50. उन्नम्य – having raised – उगारून
51. निष्कास्य – removing – काढून
52. निघृणम् without mercy – दयामाया न दाखवता

Aamod Sanskrit Book 10th Class Solutions

• आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा Class 10 Question Answer
• सूक्तिसुधा Class 10 Question Answer
• अमूल्यं कमलम् Class 10 Question Answer
• स एव परमाणुः Class 10 Question Answer
• युग्ममाला Class 10 Question Answer
• संस्कृतनाट्ययुग्मम् Class 10 Question Answer
• वाचनप्रशंसा Class 10 Question Answer
• धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते Class 10 Question Answer
• नदीसूक्तम् Class 10 Question Answer
• जटायुशौर्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• आदिशङ्कराचार्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• चित्रकाव्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• प्रतिपदं संस्कृतम् Class 10 Question Answer
• मानवताधर्मः Class 10 Question Answer

Class 10th Sanskrit Aamod Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Amod Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Std 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 Question Answer

Sanskrit Amod Std 10 Digest Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Textbook Questions and Answers

भाषाभ्यासः

श्लोकः 1

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न अ.
का गुरूणां गुरुः ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।

प्रश्न आ.
किं राजसु न पूज्यते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
धनं राजसु न पूज्यते।

प्रश्न इ.
कः पशुः एव ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
विद्याविहीन : पशुः एव।

2. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
‘विद्या नाम नरस्य’ . . . इति श्लोकाधारण विद्यायाः महत्त्वं लिखत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. ‘विद्याविहीनः पशुः’ ही सूक्ति ज्ञानाचे महत्त्व विशद करते. विद्या नाना भोग (समाधान) प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. तसेच ती यश व आनंदही प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. विद्या हे संरक्षिलेले गुप्त धन आहे. परदेशातही विद्या बंधुसम असते. राजसभेतही विद्यावान व्यक्तीचा सन्मान केला जातो. विद्येमुळे माणसाला ज्ञानाचे तेज प्राप्त होते व त्याचे सौंदर्य वाढते.

ज्ञानामुळे सर्व उद्दिष्टे साध्य होऊ शकतात, ‘किं किं न साधयति कल्पकतेव विद्या’ या उक्तीप्रमाणे विद्या कल्पकतेप्रमाणे सर्व इच्छांची पूर्ती करते. म्हणूनच ज्ञानहीन मनुष्यास पशूच मानले जाते.

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based quotations. The सूक्ति ‘विद्याविहीनः पशुः’ ellobarates the importance of knowledge.

Knowledge alone gives enjoyment, happiness and fame to a person. It is the preceptor of all preceptors. Hence, knowledge is precious wealth. It is well-guarded and concealed wealth.

It enhances the beauty of a person. Knowledge is considered to be relative while travelling in foreign country. It is said to be supreme deity. Even royal courts admire knowledgeable people.

A man who is devoid of knowledge / learning, is said to be an animal; as knowledge helps achieving all ends. It is rightly said, “किं किं न साधयति कल्पलतेब विद्या’ – what does not knowledge achieve like wish yielding-creeper.

3. जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत

उत्तरम्‌ :‌

श्लोक: 2.

1. मञ्जूषात: उचितं शब्दं चित्वा तालिकां पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.
मञ्जूषात: उचितं शब्दं चित्वा तालिकां पूरयत ।

(निन्दन्तु, गच्छतु, युगान्तरे, मरणम्, लक्ष्मी:, स्तुवन्तु ।)
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

नीतिनिपुणाः	निन्दन्तु	स्तुवन्तु	वा
लक्ष्मीः	समाविशतु	गच्छतु	वा
मरणम्	अद्यैव	युगान्तरे	वा

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
मरणमस्तु ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
मरणमस्तु – मरणम् + अस्तु।

प्रश्न आ.
अद्यैव ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अद्यैव – अद्य + एव।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
“न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः । इति सूक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. विद्याविटेन: पशुः हो सूक्ति ज्ञानाचे महत्व विशद करते. धैर्यवान लोकांमध्ये दृढनिश्चय ही स्थायी व विशेष गुण आहे. असे लोक स्थिर बुद्धीचे असतात. व ते स्वत:ला ध्येयापासून टू देत नाहीत ते त्याच मार्गाचा अवलंब करतात, व हवे ते परिणाम प्राप्त करून घेतात. ‘न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः’ ही सूक्ति हे विशद करते.

नीतिमध्ये कुशल लोक निंदानालस्ती करो वा प्रशंसा करोत, लक्ष्मी तिच्या इच्छेप्रमाणे येवो अथवा जावो, आजच मरण येवो वा युगान्त झाल्यावर (दुसऱ्या युगात / भरपूर काळ लोटल्यावर) येवो, (तरीही) धैर्यवान लोक न्याय्यमार्गावरून आपले पाऊल ढळू देत नाहीत (ते न्याय्यमार्ग सोडत नाहीत).

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based.quotations. Resolute people have distinct quality of firmness. They are of stable intelellect and do not deviate their minds from their aim. They follow the path of justice, till they achieve fruitful results.

The सूक्ति ‘न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः’ says that experts/skilled people may praise or criticise courageous people; may goddess Laxmi assist them by pleasing on them or not; may they have to face death instantly or after long time; passing through all circumstances, resolute ones follow the justice path, achieve fruitful results and enlighten other’s lives too.

4. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
‘क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति’ इति सूर्यस्य उदाहरणेन स्पष्टीकुरुत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सुभाषितांचा संदर्भ लक्षात घेऊन सूक्तींचा अर्थ जाणून घेतल्यास नैतिकदृष्ट्या श्रेष्ठ व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकसित केले जाऊ शकते. ‘क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति,’ हे सुभाषित सूर्याच्या उदाहरणाने महान लोकांचे आंतरिक सामर्थ्य दर्शविते. सूर्य दररोज, सापांनी नियंत्रित सात घोडे जोडलेल्या, एकच चाक असलेल्या रथातून, निराधार मार्गावरुन पायाने विकलांग अशा सारधीबरोबर अनंत अशा आकाशाच्या शेवटापर्यंत जातो.

(जसे) महान लोकांच्या कार्याची पूर्तता त्यांच्यातील सत्त्वाने (सामर्थ्याने) होते. इतर साधनांनी) नाही. सूर्य सर्व बाजूंनी प्रतिकूल गोष्टींनी वेढला असला तरी आकाशाच्या अंतापर्यंत पोहोचतो. महान लोकही सर्वतोपरी प्रतिकूल गोष्टींचा सामना करत कार्य पूर्णत्वास नेतात.

One can cultivate a strong and morally superior character by understanding the meaning of a good saying with reference to the given सुभाषित. “क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति,’ is a सुभाषित that explains the power of great people with the example of the sun Even with a single wheel to the chariot of seven horses controlled by the bridle of a snake, a supportless (difficult) path and a lame charioteer, the Sun surely reaches the end of the unending sky everyday.

The success of great people is in their spirit (valour) and does not depend on the means. The sun though surrounded by all unfavourable conditions succeeds in reaching last end of the sky. In the same way, great people though suffer due to unfavourable condition, accomplish the task.

श्लोक: 3.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
शुकसारिका: केन बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आत्मन: मुखदोषेण शुकसारिकाः बध्यन्ते।

प्रश्न आ.
के न बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
बका: न बध्यन्ते।

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत ।

प्रश्न अ.
बकास्तत्र
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
बकास्तत्र – बकाः + तत्र।

प्रश्न आ.
आत्मनो मुखदोषेण
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आत्मनो मुखदोषेण – आत्मनः + मुखदोषेण।

श्लोकः 4.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
रवे: रथस्य कति तुरगा: सन्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
रवे: रथस्य सप्त तुरगाः सन्ति।

प्रश्न आ.
रवे: सारथिः कीदृशः अस्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
रवे: सारथिः चरणविकलः अस्ति।

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
रथस्यैकम् ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
रथस्यैकम् – रथस्य + एकम्।

प्रश्न आ.
सारथिरपि ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सारथिरपि – सारथिः + अपि।

3. मञ्जूषात: शब्द चित्वा तालिकां पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.

(मार्गः, सारथिः, एकम्, सप्त ।)
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

निरालम्ब:	मार्ग:
सप्त	तुरगा:
चरणविकल:	सारथि:
एकम्	चक्रम्

4. जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत ।

प्रश्न 1.

उत्तरम्‌ :‌

श्लोक: 5.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न अ.
का कार्यसाधिका भवति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अल्पानां वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका भवति।

प्रश्न आ.
कै: मत्तदन्तिन: बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
आपन्न : तृणैः मत्तदन्तिन: बध्यन्ते।

2. सन्धिविग्रहं कुरुत।

प्रश्न अ.
अल्पानामपि
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
अल्पानामपि – अल्पानाम् + अपि।

प्रश्न आ.
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनर्बध्यन्ते
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनैर्बध्यन्ते – तृणैः + गुणत्वम् + आपनैः + बध्यन्ते।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
‘संहतिः कार्यसाधिका’ इति सूक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
संहतिः – एकता, ऐक्यम्।

श्लोक: 6.

1. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न अ.
साधवः किं न विस्मरन्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
साधवः कृतम् उपकारं न विस्मरन्ति।

प्रश्न आ.
नारिकेलाः किं स्मरन्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
नारिकेलाः प्रथमवयसि पीतम् अल्पं तोयं स्मरन्ति।

प्रश्न इ.
नारिकेलाः भारं कुत्र वहन्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
नारिकेला: भारं शिरसि वहन्ति।

2. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
नारिकेला: नराणाम् उपकारं कथं स्मरन्ति ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सुभाषितांचा संदर्भ लक्षात घेऊन सूक्तींचा अर्थ जाणून घेतल्यास नैतिकदृष्ट्या श्रेष्ठ व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकसित केले जाऊ शकते. येथे कवीने सज्जन माणसांचा स्वभाव नारळाच्या झाडाच्या उदाहरणाने स्पष्ट केला आहे.

नारळाच्या झाडाला अधिक पाणी लागत नाही. लहानपणी दिलेले थोडेसे पाणी देखील झाड मोठे होण्यास/वाढण्यास मदत करते. झाडाचा वृक्ष झाल्यावर ते मोठमोठ्या नारळांचे ओझेही सांभाळते. त्या बदल्यात आजन्म माणसांना भरपूर गोड पाणी देते. यावरून सज्जनांच्या कृतज्ञतेच्या गुणावर प्रकाश टाकला आहे. सज्जन लोक कधीही दुसऱ्याने केलेले उपकार विसरत नाहीत व त्यांना शक्य असेल त्या सर्व मार्गांनी उपकाराची परतफेड करतात.

One can cultivate a strong and morally superior character by understanding the meaning of a good saying with reference to the given सुभाषित. Here, poet illustrates the nature of noble people through the example of a coconut tree.

Coconut tree does not need much water to grow. Even the little water given in the starting helps it to grow further. Once the plant turns into a big tree, it carries the burden of coconuts and gives abundant of sweet water for lifetime.

This highlights the nature of good people as they too never forget the help rendered by others and become helpful to others in all possible ways.

श्लोक: 7.

1. एकवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न अ.
नरः किं छिन्द्यात् ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
नरः पटं छिन्द्यात्।

प्रश्न आ.
मनुजः किं भिन्द्यात् ?
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
मनुजः घटं भिन्द्यात्।

2. श्लोकात् लिङ्लकारस्य रूपाणि चित्वा लिखत ।

प्रश्न 1.
श्लोकात् लिङ्लकारस्य रूपाणि चित्वा लिखत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
भिन्द्यात्, छिन्द्यात्, कुर्यात्, भवेत्।

3. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत ।

प्रश्न 1.
‘येन केन प्रकारेण’ इति उक्तिं स्पष्टीकुरुत ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌
सूक्ति म्हणजे चांगल्या उक्ती. सूक्तिसुधा अशा नीतिपर उक्तींचा संग्रह आहे. येन केन प्रकारेण’ ही सूक्ति उपहासाने माणसाच्या प्रवृत्तीचे वर्णन करते.

या जगात मनुष्याने कोणत्याही मार्गाने प्रसिद्ध व्हावे. इतरांचे लक्ष वेधून घेण्यासाठी घडे फोडावेत, कपडे फाडावेत, गाढवावर बसावे, या कृती खरेतर हास्यास्पद आहेत, तरीसुद्धा प्रसिद्ध होण्यासाठी व्यक्तीने हे सर्व करावे.

सूक्तिs are good sayings. सूक्तिसुधा is a collection of all such value-based quotations. The सूक्ति ‘येन केन प्रकारेण describes human nature satirically.

In this world, a man should try to be famous by some way or the other. He should grab the attention of people by breaking pots, tearing clothes, riding a donkey such acts which are unusual and ridiculous. Yet, one should do it for the sake of popularity.

प्रश्न 2.
समानार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
विद्या, पशुः, धनम्, लक्ष्मी:, शुकः, तुरगः, नभः, रविः, संहतिः, दन्ती, तोयम्, शिरः, साधवः, पटम्, रासभः ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

• विद्या – ज्ञानम्, बोधः ।
• पशुः – प्राणी, तिर्यङ्, मृगः ।
• धनम् – द्रव्यम, वित्तम्, स्थापतेयम्, रिक्थम्, ऋक्यम्, वसुः।
• लक्ष्मीः . पद्मा, कमला, श्रीः, हरिप्रिया, पद्मालया।
• शुकः – किङ्किरातः, कौरः।
• तुरगः – अश्वः, घोटकः।
• नभः – अन्तरिक्षम्, गगनम्, अनन्तम्, सुरवर्त्म, खम्।
• रविः – भानुः, हंसः, सहस्रांशुः, तपनः, सविता।
• दन्ती – हस्ती, करी, गजः, कुञ्जरः, वारणः ।
• संहतिः – संघ
• तोयम् – जलम्, नीरम्।
• शिरः – मस्तकम्, मूर्धा।
• साधवः – सज्जनाः।
• पटम् – वस्त्रम्, वसनम् ।
• रासभः – गर्दभः, खरः, धूमकर्णः ।

प्रश्न 3.
विरुद्धार्थकशब्दान् लिखत ।
विदेशः, प्रच्छन्नम्, निन्दन्तु, अल्पम्, उपकारः, साधवः, रोहणम् ।
उत्तरम्‌ :‌

• विदेशः × स्वदेशः।
• प्रच्छन्नम् × प्रकाशितम्, प्रकटीकृतम्।
• निन्दन्तु × स्तुवन्तु।
• अल्पम् × बहु, भूरि, विपुलम्।
• उपकार: × अपकारः।
• साधवः × दुर्जनाः, दुष्टाः, खलाः।
• रोहणम् × अवतरणम्, अवरोहणम्।

Sanskrit Amod Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा Additional Important Questions and Answers

अवबोधनम्।

(क) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत।

प्रश्न 1.
विद्या कीदृशं धनम् अस्ति?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम् अस्ति।

प्रश्न 2.
विद्या केषां गुरुः?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।

प्रश्न 3.
विदेशगमने कृते विद्या कीदृशं भाति ?
उत्तरम् :
विदेशगमने कृते विद्या बन्धुजन : इव भाति।

प्रश्न 4.
किं परं दैवतम्?
उत्तरम् :
विद्या परं दैवतम्।

प्रश्न 5.
धीराः कस्मात् न प्रविचलन्ति?
उत्तरम् :
धीरा: न्याय्यात् पथ: न प्रविचलन्ति।

प्रश्न 6.
न्याय्यात्पथ: के न विचलन्ति ?
उत्तरम् :
न्याय्यात्पथ: धीराः न विचलन्ति।

प्रश्न 7.
के निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा?
उत्तरम् :
नीतिनिपुणा: निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा।

प्रश्न 8.
लक्ष्मी: कथं समाविशतु गच्छतु वा?
उत्तरम् :
लक्ष्मी: यथेष्टं समाविशतु गच्छतु वा।

प्रश्न 9.
किं सर्वार्थसाधनम्?
उत्तरम् :
मौनं सर्वार्थसाधनम्।

प्रश्न 10.
रविः प्रतिदिनं कुत्र याति?
उत्तरम् :
रविः प्रतिदिनं अपारस्य नभसः अन्तं याति।

प्रश्न 11.
महर्ता क्रियासिद्धिः कस्मिन् भवति?
उत्तरम् :
महतां क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति।

प्रश्न 12.
के तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनैः बध्यन्ते ?
उत्तरम् :
मतदन्तिन: तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन: बध्यन्ते।

प्रश्न 13.
पुरुषः कथं प्रसिद्धः भवेत्?
उत्तरम् :
येन केन प्रकारेण पुरुष: प्रसिद्धः भवेत्।

शब्दज्ञानम्

(क) विशेषण – विशेष्य – सम्बन्धः ।

विशेषणम्	विशेष्यम्
1. प्रच्छन्नगुप्तम्	धनम्
2. भोगकरी	विद्या
3. यशःसुखकरी	विद्या
4. परम्	दैवतम्
5. सर्वार्थसाधनम्	मौनम्
6. भुजगयमिता:	तुरगा:
7. अपारस्य	नभसः
8. अल्पानाम्	वस्तूनाम्
9. संहतिः	कार्यसाधिका
10. अल्पम्	तोयम्
11. कृतम्	उपकारम्
12. प्रसिद्धः	पुरुषः

(ख) विभक्त्यन्तपदानि।

• प्रथमा – विद्या, गुरुः, यशः, बन्धुजनः, पशुः ।
• षष्ठी – नरस्य, गुरूणाम्।
• सप्तमी – विदेशगमने, राजसु।
• तृतीया – दोषेण।
• षष्ठी – आत्मनः
• प्रथमा – संहतिः, कार्यसाधिका, दन्तिनः।
• तृतीया – तृणैः, आपनैः।
• षष्ठी – अल्पानाम्, वस्तूनाम्।

पृथक्करणम्

पद्यांशं पठित्वा जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत।

1.

2.

3.

भाषाभ्यासः

(क) समानार्थकशब्दाः

• नरः – मनुष्यः, मानवः, मानुषः, मर्त्यः, मनुजः।
• यशः – ख्यातिः, कीर्तिः, प्रसिद्धिः।
• गुरुः – आचार्यः, अध्यापकः, उपाध्यायः।
• बन्धुजनः – बान्धवः।
• राजसु – पार्थिवेषु, नृपेषु, भूपेषु।
• निपुणः – कुशलः, प्रवीणः, पारङ्गतः।
• स्तुवन्तु – प्रशंसन्तु।
• यथेष्टम् – यथेच्छम्।
• मरणम् – मृत्युः ।
• पन्थाः – वर्त्म, सरणिः, मार्गः।
• धीरः – धैर्यवान्, धैर्यशीलः।
• आत्मनः – स्वस्य।
• मुखम् – तुण्डम, वदनम्, आननम्।
• दोषः – प्रमादः।
• बकः – मरुवकः, सर्पभुक्।
• अल्पम् – स्वल्पम्।
• तृणम् – घासः, यवसम्, कुशः, शष्पम्, अर्जुनम्।

(ख) विरुद्धार्थकशब्दाः

1. गुप्तम् × अनावृतम्।
2. विद्याविहीन: × ज्ञानयुक्तम्।
3. गच्छतु × आगच्छतु।
4. मरणम् × जनिः, जन्म, जनुः।
5. दोषः × गुणः।
6. बध्यन्ते × मुच्यन्ते।
7. मौनम् × भाषितम्।
8. संहतिः × भिन्नता, भेदः ।

(क) विभक्त्यन्तरूपाणि।

• प्रश्थमा – निपुणाः, लक्ष्मीः, धीराः।
• द्वितीया – मरणम्, पदम्।
• पन्चमी – न्याय्यात्, पथः।
• सप्तमी – युगान्तरे।

समासाः

समस्तपदम्	अर्थ:	समासविग्रहः	समासनाम
विद्याविहीनः	devoid of knowledge	विद्यया विहीनः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
नीतिनिपुणाः	experts in ethics	नीत्यां/नीतिषु निपुणाः।	सप्तमी तत्पुरुष समास
यथेष्टम्	as per/according to wish	इष्टम् अनुसृत्य /अनतिक्रम्य।	अव्ययीभाव समास
शुकसारिकाः	parrots and mynas	शुकाः च सारिका: च।	इतरेतर द्वन्द्व समास
सर्वार्थसाधनम्	mean/medium of achieving all ends	सर्वार्थानां साधनम्।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास
रासभरोहणम्	ascending the donkey	रासभं रोहणम्।	द्वितीया तत्पुरुष समास
भुजगयमिताः	controlled by a snake	भुजगेन यमिताः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
चरणविकल:	lame with legs	चरणेन / चरणाभ्यां विकलः।	तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास
क्रियासिद्धिः	accomplishment of the task	क्रियायाः सिद्धिः।	षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास

सूक्तिसुधा Summary in Marathi and English

प्रस्तावना :

“सूक्तयः नाम सुवचनानि।” सूक्ती म्हणजे चांगली उक्ती (बोलणे). संस्कृत भाषा अशा अनेक सुवचनांनी समृद्ध आहे. सुभाषितांचा संदर्भ लक्षात घेऊन सूक्तींचा अर्थ जाणून घेतल्यास नैतिकदृष्ट्या श्रेष्ठ व्यक्तिमत्त्व विकसित केले जाऊ शकते.

पुष्कळदा, अनेक संस्कृत सूक्ती इतर भारतीय भाषांमध्ये सुध्दा वापरलेल्या दिसून येतात. प्रत्यक्षात, अशा सूक्तींचे स्मरण केल्याने व्यक्तीची शब्दसंपदा वाढते व इतर भाषांवर प्रभुत्व निर्माण होते.

“सूक्तिः नाम शोभना उक्तिः ” means a good saying. Sanskrit language is enriched with such good sayings. One can cultivate a strong and morally superior character by understanding the meaning of a good saying with reference to the given सुभाषित.

Several Sanskrit sayings are often used in other Indian languages. In fact, remembering such sayings definitely enhances one’s ocabulary and command over languages.

श्लोकः 1

विद्या नाम नरस्य रूपमधिकं प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम्
विद्या भोगकरी यश:सुखकरी विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः।
विद्या बन्धुजनो विदेशगमने विद्या परं दैवतम्
विद्या राजमु पूज्यते न तु धनं विद्याविहीन: पशुः ।।1।। (वृत्तम् – शार्दूलविक्रीडितम्, स्रोत: – नीतिशतकम्)

सन्थिविग्रहः

1. रूपमधिकम् – रूपम् + अधिकम्।
2. बन्धुजनो विदेशगमने – बन्धुजन: + विदेशगमने।

अन्वय:- विद्या नाम नरस्य अधिकं रूपम्, प्रच्छन्नगुप्तं धनम्, विद्या भोगकरी यश:सुखकरी (च)। विद्या गुरूणां गुरुः । विदेशगमने विद्या बन्धुजनः ।
विद्या पर दैवतम्। विद्या राजसु पूज्यते न तु धनम्। विद्याविहीनः पशुः (एव)।

अनुवादः

मराठी विद्येमुळे मानवाचे सौंदर्य वाढते. विद्या हे संरक्षिलेले गुप्त धन आहे. विद्या नाना भोग (समाधान) प्राप्त करून देणारी आहे. (ती) यश व आनंद मिळवून देणारी आहे. विद्या गुरुंची गुरु आहे. परदेशी गेले असता विद्या ही बांधव असते. (बांधवाप्रमाणे उपयोगी पडते/सहाय्यभूत होते) विद्या सर्वश्रेष्ठ दैवत आहे. विद्या राजांमध्ये (राजसभांमध्ये) पूजनीय आहे; धन नाही. ज्याच्याजवळ विद्या नाही तो पशू(च) (समजावा).

English Knowledge enhances the beauty of man. It is secretly hidden treasure. Knowledge brings pleasure. It brings glory and comforts. Knowledge is the teacher of all teachers. Knowledge is kith and kin when going to a foreign land. Knowledge is a superior deity itself. Knowledge is worshipped amongst kings, not money. One without knowledge is a beast.

श्लोकः 2

निन्दन्तु नीतिनिपुणा यदि वा स्तुवन्तु
लक्ष्मीः समाविशतु गच्छतु वा यथेष्टम्।
अद्यैव वा मरणमस्तु युगान्तरे वा
न्याय्यात्पथः प्रविचलन्ति पदं न धीराः।।2।। (वृत्तम् – वसन्ततिलका, स्रोत: – नीतिशतकम्)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. नीतिनिपुणा यदि – नीतिनिपुणाः + यदि।
2. न्याय्यात्पथः – न्याय्यात् + पथ: ।

अन्वय:- यदि (अपि) नीतिनिपुणा: निन्दन्तु स्तुवन्तु वा, लक्ष्मी समाविशतु यथेष्ट गच्छतु वा, मरणम् अद्य एव अस्तु युगान्तरे वा, (तथापि) धीराः न्याय्यात् पथः पदं न प्रविचलन्ति।

अनुवादः

नीतिमध्ये कुशल लोक निंदानालस्ती करोत वा प्रशंसा करोत, लक्ष्मी तिच्या इच्छेप्रमाणे येवो अथवा जावो, आजच मरण येवो वा युगान्त झाल्यावर दुसऱ्या युगात / भरपूर काळ लोटल्यावर) येवो, (तरीही) धैर्यवान लोक न्याय्यमार्गावरून आपले पाऊल ढळू देत नाहीत (ते न्याय्यमार्ग सोडत नाहीत).

English Experts in ethics may insult or praise, wealth may come or go by itself, may there be death today or after many years; courageous ones never divert (take a step back) from the path of justice.

श्लोकः 3

आत्मनो मुखदोषेण बध्यन्ते शुकसारिकाः।
बकास्तत्र न बध्यन्ते मौनं सर्वार्थसाधनम् ।।3।। (वृत्तम् – अनुष्टुप, स्रोत: – पञ्चतन्त्रम्)

अनुवादः

मराठी पोपट, साळुक्या (मैना) त्यांच्या स्वत:च्या तोंडाच्या दोषाने (बडबडीमुळे) अडकले जातात. (पण) बगळे (मात्र) अडकत नाहीत. (अशा प्रकारे) मौन पाळणे हे सर्व हेतू (गोष्टी) प्राप्त करण्याचे (मिळविण्याचे) साधन आहे.

English Parrots and mynas get trapped by fault of their own mouths (voices/sounds). Cranes do not get trapped. Silence is an instrument for obtaining all objects.

श्लोक: 4

रथस्यैकं चक्रं भुजगयमिताः सप्त तुरगाः
निरालम्बो मार्गश्चरणविकल: सारथिरपि।
रविर्यात्येवान्तं प्रतिदिनमपारस्य नभसः
क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति महतां नोपकरणे।।4।। (वृत्तम् – शिखरिणी, स्रोतः – भोजप्रबन्धः)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. मार्गश्चरणविकलः – मार्गः + चरणविकलः।
2. रवियत्येवान्तम् – रविः + याति + एव + अन्तम्।
3. प्रतिदिनमपारस्य – प्रतिदिनम् + अपारस्य।
4. नोपकरणे – न + उपकरणे।

अन्वयः- रथस्य एकं चक्रं, सप्त भुजगयमिता: तुरगाः, निरालम्ब: मार्गः, सारथिः अपि चरणविकलः, (तथापि) रविः प्रतिदिनम् अपारस्य नभसः अन्तं याति एव। महतां क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति, उपकरणे न (भवति)।

अनुवादः

सूर्य दररोज, सापांनी नियंत्रित सात घोडे जोडलेल्या, एकच चाक असलेल्या रथातून, निराधार मार्गावरून, पायाने विकलांग अशा सारथीबरोबर अनंत अशा आकाशाच्या शेवटापर्यंत जातो. (जसे) महान लोकांच्या कार्याचे यश त्यांच्यातील सत्त्वाने (सामध्यनि) होते. साधनांनी नाही.

Even with a single wheel to the chariot of seven horses controlled by the bridle of snake, a supportless (difficult) path and a lame charioteer, the sun surely reaches the end of the unending sky everyday. The success of great people is in their spirit (valour) and does not depend on the means.

श्लोकः 5

अल्पानामपि वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका।
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापनष्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः।।4।। (वृत्तम् – अनुष्टुप, स्रोत: – हितोपदेशः।)

अनुवादः

लहानसहान वस्तूंचा संघ कार्य यशस्वी करतो (पूर्णत्वास नेतो). गवतापासून बनविलेल्या दोरखंडाने मत्त हत्ती (सुद्धा) नियंत्रित केले जातात.

Union of even small things accomplishes (big) tasks. Just as the intoxicated elephants are tied by a rope made of hay-sticks.

श्लोकः 6

प्रथमवयसि पीतं तोयमल्पं स्मरन्तः
शिरसि निहितभारा नारिकेला नराणाम्।
ददति जलमनल्पास्वादमाजीवितान्त।
न हि कृतमुपकारं साधवो विस्मरन्ति ।।6।। (वृत्तम् – मालिनी, स्रोत: – विक्रमचरितम्।)

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. तोयमल्पम् – तोयम् + अल्पम्।
2. कृतमुपकारम् – कृतम् + उपकारम्।
3. साधवो विस्मरन्ति – साधवः + विस्मरन्ति।
4. जलमनल्पास्वादमाजीवितान्तम् – जलम् + अनल्पास्वादम् + आजीवितान्तम्।
5. निहितभारा नारिकेला नराणाम् – निहितभारा: + नारिकेला: + नराणाम्।

अन्वय:- प्रथमवयसि पीतम् अल्पं तोयं स्मरन्तः शिरसि निहितभारा: आजीवितान्तं नराणां (नरेभ्यः) अनल्पास्वाद जलं ददति। साधवः कृतम् उपकारं नहि विस्मरन्ति।

अनुवादः

नारळाचे झाड लहानपणी मिळालेले थोडे पाणी लक्षात ठेवून, नारळांचे ओझे डोक्यावर बाळगून माणसांना आजन्म भरपूर गोड पाणी देते. (जसे) दुसऱ्याने केलेले उपकार सज्जन लोक कधीही विसरत नाहीत. (त्याची अनेक पटीने परतफेड करतात.)

In memory of the little water consumed in early age (as a seedling), a coconut tree, bearing weight on its head throughout its life, gives sweet water abundantly to humans. The noble people never forget benevolence (help offered by others).

श्लोक: 7

घटं भिन्द्यात् पटं छिन्द्यात् कुर्याद्रासभरोहणम्।
येन केन प्रकारेण प्रसिद्धः पुरुषो भवेत् ।।7।। (वृत्तम – अनुष्टुप, प्रकार: – हास्योक्तिः )

सन्धिविग्रहः

1. कुर्याद्रासभरोहणम् – कुर्यात् + रासभरोहणम्।
2. पुरुषो भवेत् . पुरुष: + भवेत्।

अन्वय:- पुरुषः घटं भिन्द्यात्, पटं छिन्द्यात, रासभरोहणं (अपि) कुर्यात्। येन केन प्रकारेण (स:) प्रसिद्धः भवेत्।

अनुवादः

घडा (भांडी) फोडावा, कपडे फाडावेत, गाढवावर (देखील) बसावे, पण काही तरी करून मनुष्याने प्रसिद्ध व्हावे.
One should break a pot, tear clothes and ride a donkey. By some way or the other (hook or crook), one should become popular.

शब्दार्थाः

1. रूपमधिकम् – more than beauty – रूपाहून अधिक
2. प्रच्छन्नगुप्तम् – secretly hidden – गुप्त/लपविलेले
3. भोगकरी – brings pleasure – आनंद / समाधान प्राप्त करून देणारे
4. सुखकरी – gives happiness – सुख देणारे
5. गुरूणाम् – of preceptors – गुरूंचे
6. बन्धुजनः – relative – नातेवाईक
7. विदेशगमने – when travelled in foreign land परदेशी प्रवास केला असता
8. परं दैवतम् – supreme deity – सर्वश्रेष्ठ दैवत
9. राजसु – among kings – राजांमध्ये
10. विद्याविहीन: – devoid of knowledge – विद्याहीन, ज्ञानहीन
11. निन्दन्तु – may censure – निंदानालस्ती करो
12. नीतिनिपुणाः – expert in ethics – नीतिमध्ये कुशल
13. स्तुवन्तु – may praise – स्तुती करो
14. समाविशतु – may come – येवो
15. यथेष्टम् – as per will – स्वेच्छेने
16. अद्यैव – today itself – आजच
17. युगान्तरे – in another era – युगानंतर (दुसऱ्या युगात)
18. न्याय्यात्पथ: – from the path of justice – न्याय्यमार्गावरून
19. प्रविचलन्ति – deviate – ढळतात
20. धीराः – courageous – धैर्यवान
21. भुजगयमिता: – controlled by serpants – सापांनी नियंत्रित
22. निरालम्बः – unsupported – निराधार
23. चरणविकल: – lame by a leg – पायाने पंगु
24. सारथिः – charioteer – सारथी
25. अन्तं याति – goes to the end – शेवटपर्यंत जातो
26. अपारस्य नभसः – of the endless sky – अनंत आकाशाच्या
27. क्रियासिद्धिः – accomplishment of the task – कार्याची पूर्तता
28. उपकरणे – on the means – साधनांवर
29. प्रथमवयसि – in early age – लहानपणी
30. तोयम् – water – पाणी
31. निहितभाराः – bearing weight – वजन घेऊन
32. आजीवितान्तम् – throughout life – संपूर्ण आयुष्यभर
33. अनल्पास्वादम् abundant of sweet water – भरपूर प्रमाणात गोड पाणी
34. उपकारम् – favour/benevolence – उपकार
35. अल्पनाम – of small (insignificant) things – लहानसहान गोष्टींचा
36. संहतिः – unity / union – संघ
37. कार्यसाधिका – that which accomplishes the task – कार्य साधणारी
38. गुणत्वम् – collection of a rope – दोरखंड
39. तृणैः – by grasses – गवतापासून बनविलेले
40. बध्यन्ते – can control – बांधले जातात/नियंत्रित केले जातात
41. घटम् – a pot – घडा
42. भिन्द्यात् – should break – फोडावा
43. पटम् – a cloth – वस्त्र
44. छिन्द्यात् – should tear – फाडावे
45. रासभरोहणम् – should ride – गाढवावर बसावे
46. कुर्यात् – adonkey
47. येन केन प्रकारेप – by hook or crook – काहीतरी करून
48. प्रसिद्धः भवेत् – should become famous – प्रसिद्ध व्हावे
49. आत्मनः – own – स्वत:च्या
50. मुखदोषेण’ – due to fault of mouths – तोंडाच्या दोषाने (आवाजामुळे)
51. बध्यन्ते – caged/trapped – अडकले जातात
52. शुकसारिकाः – parrots and mynas – पोपट व साळुक्या/मैना
53. बकाः – cranes – बगळे
54. मौनम् – silence – मौन
55. सर्वार्थसाधनम् – instrument of achieving all purposes – सर्व हेतू प्राप्त करण्याचे साधन

Aamod Sanskrit Book 10th Class Solutions

• आद्यकृषक: पृथुवैन्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा Class 10 Question Answer
• सूक्तिसुधा Class 10 Question Answer
• अमूल्यं कमलम् Class 10 Question Answer
• स एव परमाणुः Class 10 Question Answer
• युग्ममाला Class 10 Question Answer
• संस्कृतनाट्ययुग्मम् Class 10 Question Answer
• वाचनप्रशंसा Class 10 Question Answer
• धेनोर्व्याघ्रः पलायते Class 10 Question Answer
• नदीसूक्तम् Class 10 Question Answer
• जटायुशौर्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• आदिशङ्कराचार्यः Class 10 Question Answer
• चित्रकाव्यम् Class 10 Question Answer
• प्रतिपदं संस्कृतम् Class 10 Question Answer
• मानवताधर्मः Class 10 Question Answer