Class 5

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 2 Lesson Number 9 Question Answer Settled Life and Urban Civilization Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 2 Chapter 9 Question Answer

1. From the chart below, find out the names of the three periods into which ancient objects are classified and use them to match the three classes given below.

Question 1.
From the chart below, find out the names of the three periods into which ancient objects are classified and use them to match the three classes given below.

S	I	G	P	M	I
C	O	P	P	E	R
A	E	C	O	L	O
S	T	O	N	E	N

a. Stone tools : ………. Age.
b. Copper tools and other copper objects : ………… Age.
c. Iron tools and other iron objects : …………. Age.
Answer:
a. Stone tools : Stone Age.
b. Copper tools and other copper objects : Copper Age.
c. Iron tools and other iron objects : Iron Age.

2. Arrange the following in chronological order.

Question a.
Arrange the following in chronological order.

1. Copper
2. Gold
3. Iron

Answer:

1. Gold
2. Copper
3. Iron.

Question b.
Arrange the following in chronological order.

1. Copper Age
2. Iron Age
3. Stone Age

Answer:

1. Stone Age
2. Copper Age
3. Iron Age.

3. Write about the consequence of the following event.

Question a.
Discovery of copper …………
Answer:
Copper was used for making tools and implements by humans.

Question b.
Discovery of wheel ………..
Answer:
The wheel was first used by the potters and later for running bullock carts and chariots.

Question c.
Use of script …………
Answer:
The script is used for permanent record-keeping production and other events.

4. Write notes.

Question a.
Use of metal.
Answer:

1. Christian Thomsen studied the pre-historic artifacts and antique objects and introduced the ‘Three Age System’ for classifying these objects.
2. The objects were classified into the following order :
   • Stone tools
   • Copper tools and articles
   • Iron tools and articles.
3. Gold was the first metal used. It was a soft metal and could not be used to make tools and implements.
4. Humans discovered copper to make tools and thereby the ‘Copper Age’ began.

Question b.
Social organization in the ancient cities
Answer:

1. The roots of culture in cities were in the culture of village-settlements of the New Stone Age.
2. The earlier faith system, social life, and festivals became more elaborate in cities.
3. Grand temples were built in many cities. Chiefs of these temples became chief administrators of these cities. Later the positions of temple head and King were held by the same individual.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.

1. ……….. in Europe had large collections of pre-historic artefacts and antique objects.
2. A scholar named .. ……….. introduced a method for classifying the pre-historic artefacts.
3. The method put forth by Thomsen is called the Three ………… System.
4. Thomsen established with the help of evidence that ……………. tools were the earliest.
5. The period of ………………. tools and articles was next.
6. It is a belief that ………………….. was the first metal to come into use.
7. Actually, ……. Was the first metal to be used.
8. ……………could not be used to make tools and implements.
9. The invention of the …………….. is the most important invention.
10. The ………… was first used by potters.
11. Once the potters began to use a wheel, it became possible to make pots in …….. numbers.
12. People started making …………… pots with beautiful designs painted on them.
13. As the scale of production increased, ……….. too expanded with it.
14. Wheeled vehicles like ……….. and ………. were first to come into use.
15. It became necessary to keep permanent …… of the expanding trade and growing production.
16. Rise in trade had been a major factor that contributed to the emergence and development of ………… .
17. The social life and …………… based on agricultural faith systems became more elaborate in cities.
18. Grand …………. were built in many cities.
19. Chiefs of those temples became chief ………… of these cities.
20. The positions of the temple head and that of the king went to the …………… individual
21. Urban culture had its roots in the culture …………. of the New Stone Age.

Answer:

1. museums
2. Christian Thomsen
3. Age
4. stone
5. copper
6. copper
7. gold
8. gold
9. wheel
10. wheel
11. large
12. symmetrical
13. trade
14. cart, chariots
15. records
16. cities
17. festivals
18. temples
19. administrators
20. same
21. village-settlements.

Answer each of the following question in one sentence:

Question 1.
Where were the artefacts and antique objects placed?
Answer:
Pre-historic artefacts and antique objects were placed in museums in Europe.

Question 2.
Who introduced the system of classifying the artefacts?
Answer:
A scholar named Christian Thomsen introduced the method for classifying the artefacts.

Question 3.
What was the system introduced by Christian Thomsen called?
Answer:
The classifying system by Thomsen was called the “Three Age System’.

Question 4.
Into which periods were the artefacts classified?
Answer:
They were classified into three periods i.e. Stone Age, Copper Age and Iron Age respectively.

Question 5.
Which was the first metal to be used?
Answer:
Gold was the first metal to be used.

Question 6.
Why could gold not be used to make tools and implements?
Answer:
Gold is a soft metal so it could be used to make tools and implements.

Question 7.
Which other metal was discovered?
Answer:
Copper was discovered.

Question 8.
Which was the most important invention in the Copper Age?
Answer:
The invention of the wheel was the most important invention in the Copper Age.

Question 9.
By whom was the wheel first used by?
Answer:
Wheel was first used by potters.

Question 10.
With the use of wheel, what was possible for the potters?
Answer:
With the use of the wheel, the potters were able to make a large number of symmetrical and beautiful pots.

Question 11.
Why did potters and other craftsmen began to live close to each other in the settlements?
Answer:
In the village settlements, the potters and craftsmen lived close to each other so as to manage their work more easily.

Question 12.
What led to the expansion of trade?
Answer:
Increase in production led to the expansion of the trade.

Question 13.
Which wheeled vehicles came in to use?
Answer:
Wheeled vehicles like carts and chariots came into use.

Question 14.
What happened when carts and chariots were introduced?
Answer:
Long distance trade and rapid transport of goods became possible with the introduction of wheels into transport.

Question 15.
What became necessary due to the expanding trade?
Answer:
It became necessary to keep permanent records of the expanding trade and growing population

Question 16.
What was used to keep permanent records of the expanding trade and growing production?
Answer:
Script was developed for the purpose of keeping permanent records of expanding trade and growing production.

Question 17.
What did rise in trade contribute to?
Answer:
Rise in trade contributed to the emergence and development of cities.

Question 18.
What was built in cities?
Answer:
Grand temples were built in cities.

Question 19.
Who became the chief administrator of the cities?
Answer:
The chiefs of the temple became the chief administrator of the cities.

Question 20.
What did the position of temple-head merge into?
Answer:
The position of the temple-head merged into that of the king.

Answer each of the following questions in brief:

Question 1.
Explain in brief the ‘Three Age System’.
Answer:

1. A scholar named Christian Thomsen introduced this method of classifying pre historic artefacts.
2. Thomsen classified the objects into three groups.
   • Stone Age – Stone tools
   • Copper Age – Copper tools and other copper articles.
   • Iron Age – Iron tools and other iron articles.

Question 2.
Which village settlements expanded rapidly?
Answer:

1. Potters and craftsmen began to live close to each other in the settlement so as to manage their work more easily.
2. This became the industrial area of that village where skilled craftsmen had their settlements and centres of production
3. This happened mainly in those village settlements where the raw material was easily available and in those which were conveniently situated for trade.
4. Such village-settlements expanded rapidly.

Question 3.
Why was the need to maintain records felt?
Answer:
i. Long distance trade, rapid transport of goods and centres of large scale production are factors that brought together people engaged in different types of work.
ii. Therefore, it became necessary to keep permanent records of the expanding trade and growing population.

Question 4.
How did each culture develop its own script?
Answer:

1. There was an increase in trade and production and also the growth in the volume of records to be kept
2. This resulted in much modification and improvement in the signs and symbols used for these purposes.
3. In this way, each culture developed its own script.

Question 5.
How did kingship develop in cities?
Answer:

1. Grand temples were built in many cities that had prospered due to the rise in trade.
2. Chiefs of those temples became chief administrators of those cities.
3. Later, the positions of the temple head and that of the king went to the same individual.
4. This is how initially kingship developed in the ancient urban civilizations.

Question 6.
How did the people engaged in different
types of work come together?
Answer:

1. Expansion of village-settlements resulted in increase in production.
2. Due to increase in production, trade too expanded and there was then a need to change the old systems of transport.
3. Long distance trade, rapid transport of goods and centres of large scale production are factors that brought together people engaged in different types of work.

Question 7.
What is ‘pivot?
Answer:
i. A pointed quartz pebble fixed at the bottom of a potter’s wheel is called a pivot.
ii. When the potter’s wheel is put in motion, it is balanced on this pivot and thus revolves with a great speed.

Question 8.
Into how many groups is the Three Age System’ classified?
Answer:
The Three Age System’, is classified into.

• Stone Age – Stone tools
• Copper Age – Copper tools and other articles
• Iron Age – Iron tools and other articles.

Glossary :

1. antique : ancient, hare
2. classifying : separating
3. Urban : of a town or city
4. rapid : fast
5. scripts : written text
6. emergence : process of coming into existence
7. durable : able to withstand pressure or damages

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Chapter 1 What is History? Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 3 Life on Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 4 Evolution Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 5 Evolution of Mankind Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 10 Historic Period Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 6 Rules are for Everyone Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 6 Question Answer Rules are for Everyone Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 6 Question Answer

1. Fill in the blanks.

Question (a)
Our society works according to certain ………………… .
(a) lifestyle
(b) rules
(c) religion
Answer:
(b) rules

Question (b)
The Constitution of Independent India abolished ……………………. .
(a) rules
(b) education
(c) untouchability
Answer:
(c) untouchability

Question (c)
Wrong customs and traditions cause the …………………. of some sections of society.
(a) encouragement
(b) neglect
(c) loss
Answer:
(b) neglect

2. Answer in one sentence:

Question (a)
Why are rules made?
Answer:
Rules have to be made to ensure that no injustice is done to anyone and to combat inhuman and undesirable traditions and customs.

Question (b)
Which values have been a part of our social life since ancient times?
Answer:
The values of non violence and peace have been a part of our social life since ancient times.

Question (c)
What are the big obstacles in our society?
Answer:
Poverty and lack of education of women are the big obstacles in our society.

3. Answer in short:

Question (a)
Which unjust customs have been banned by law?
Answer:
The unjust customs that have been banned by law are:

1. Untouchability
2. Caste discrimination
3. Sati
4. Child marriage
5. Cheating people by magic
6. Receiving a dowry

Question (b)
Why do we need to make laws for the protection of the environment?
Answer:
We need to make laws for protection of the environment because :
1. We are dependent on nature in many ways.
2. Most of our needs are fulfilled by nature.
3. Natural resources should be available in enough quantities for the needs of our future generations.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 6 Rules are for Everyone Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
Rules need to be made to specify each person’s …………………. and ………………….. .
(a) duties
(b) self-discipline
(c) responsibility
Answer:
(a) duties & (c) responsibility

Question 2.
If we follow the rules, our day to day life becomes ………………. .
(a) disciplined
(b) disruptive
(c) easy
Answer:
(a) disciplined

Question 3.
Disobeying the rules leads to
(a) enjoyment
(b) punishment
(c) fun
Answer:
(b) punishment

Question 4.
……………………… occurrences follow laws of nature.
(a) Natural
(b) Artifical
(c) Chemical
Answer:
(a) Natural

Question 5.
The laws that banned the use of magic for cheating people was first enacted in ……………….. .
(a) Delhi
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra
Answer:
(c) Maharashtra

Question 6.
Rules are meant for ………………. .
(a) nobody
(b) somebody
(c) everybody
Answer:
(c) everybody

Question 7.
We follow ……………….. because they are meant for the common good.
(a) good lifestyle
(b) rules
(c) filmstars
Answer:
(b) rules

Question 8.
There is a ……………………… between the rules of society and the laws of nature.
(a) difference
(b) similarity
(c) variation
Answer:
(a) difference

Question 9.
We cannot the laws of nature.
(a) differ
(b) change
(c) defy
Answer:
(b) change

Question 10.
Nature’s are constant10 and fixed.
(a) behaviour
(b) ways
(c) laws
Answer:
(c) laws

Question 11.
Human laws need to be ………………. with changing conditions.
(a) constant
(b) changed
(c) fixed
Answer:
(b) changed

Question 12.
It is ………………… to discriminate between boys and girls.
(a) incorrect
(b) correct
(c) normal
Answer:
(a) incorrect

Question 13.
Rules have to be made to ensure that no ………………… is done.
(a) injustice
(b) harm
(c) evil
Answer:
(a) injustice

Question 14
We follow many customs and …………………… in our lives.
(a) festivals
(b) traditions
(c) cuisine
Answer:
(b) traditions

Question 15.
There are several ………………….. customs and traditions in our society.
(a) good
(b) bad
(c) ugly
Answer:
(a) good

Question 16.
We express our ………………… and ………………. towards animals.
(a) love
(b) honesty
(c) gratitude
Answer:
(a) love & (c) gratitude

Question 17.
The values of non-violence and peace have been a part of our social life since ………………… times.
(a) modern
(b) ancient
(c) medieval
Answer:
(b) ancient

Question 18.
……………………. was an inhuman and unjust custom.
(a) equality
(b) democracy
(c) untouchability
Answer:
(c) untouchability

Question 19.
Many times, laws have to be made to ………………….. unjust customs.
(a) maintain
(b) abolish
(c) encourage
Answer:
(b) abolish

Question 20.
Customs like, sati and child marriage were by making laws that banned them.
(a) abolished
(b) extinguished
(c) drowned
Answer:
(a) abolished

Question 21.
Receiving a dowry has been …………………. by law.
(a) encouraged
(b) awarded
(c) banned
Answer:
(c) banned

Question 22.
……………… and lack of …………….. are two big obstacles in our society.
(a) Poverty
(b) Sati
(c) Education
Answer:
(a) Poverty & (c) Education

Question 23.
We are ………………. on nature in many ways.
(a) independent
(b) dependent
(c) inter dependent
Answer:
(b) dependent

Question 24.
Most of our ………………. are fulfilled by nature.
(a) needs
(b) clothes
(c) housing
Answer:
(a) needs

Question 25.
Natural should be available in …………………. enough qualities for the needs of our future generations.
(a) raw material
(b) resources
(c) gas
Answer:
(b) resources

Question 26.
Work of all social workers was instrumental in bringing about …………………… change in our society.
(а) positive
(b) negative
(c) peaceful
Answer:
(а) positive

Name the following:

Question 1.
Social workers who tried to get rid of some big obstacles in our Indian society.
Answer:
Mahatma Jotirao Phule, Rajashri Shahu Maharaj and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.

Question 2.
The women who fought a great battle for women’s education.
Answer:
Savitribai Phule.

Question 3.
Savitribai’s colleague who assisted her.
Answer:
Fatima Sheikh.

Question 4.
Social reformer who worked to promote women’s education.
Answer:
Maharashi Dhondo Keshav Karve.

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is the basis of rules?
Answer:
Equality is the basis of rules.

Question 2.
What was the voting age after Independence?
Answer:
After Independence, the voting age was 21 years.

Question 3.
What were some of the big obstacles in our society?
Answer:
Caste discrimination, gender inequality and lack of education were some of the big obstacles in our society.

Question 4.
In what form were the rules in olden days?
Answer:
Rules in the olden days took the form of religious traditions and social customs.

Question 5.
Why should we obey traffic rules?
Answer:
We should obey traffic rules so that traffic moves smoothly and accidents can be avoided.

Question 6.
What do rules need to specify?
Answer:
Rules need to specify each person’s duties and responsibilities.

Question 7.
What happens when we follow rules?
Answer:
When we follow rules, our day-to day life becomes disciplined and we work more efficiently.

Question 8.
What happens when we disobey rules?
Answer:
Disobeying rules leads to punishment.

Question 9.
Why do we follow rules?
Answer:
We follow rules because they are meant for the common good.

Question 10.
What discrimination is done to a girl child in an orthodox family?
Answer:
In an orthodox family, girls are deprived of good food and also prevented from going to school.

Question 11.
What should rules ensure?
Answer:
Rules should ensure that no injustice is done.

Question 12.
Which custom practised in our country was inhuman and unjust?
Answer:
Untouchability was an inhuman and unjust custom practised in our country

Question 13.
What does the law do to unjust customs?
Answer:
The laws abolish unjust customs.

Question 14.
Which social evil was practised against women in our society?
Answer:
Sati and child marriage were the social evil practised against the women in our society.

Question 15.
Which state enacted the law against the use of magic?
Answer:
The law that banned the use of magic for cheating people was first enacted in Maharashtra.

Answer in short:

Question 1.
How are natural laws different from society laws?
Answer:
1. Natural laws do not change. They are constant and fixed, they do not even become out dated, e.g. the law of gravity.
2. White society laws are made by people, these laws need to be changed with changing conditions. E.g. After Independence the voting age was 21 years. After 1988, the voting age was lowered to 18 years.

Question 2.
‘Poverty is one big obstacle in our society.’ Explain.
Answer:
1. Wrong customs and traditions cause the neglect18 of some sections of society.
2. Since they have no access to education, they do not get opportunities of development.
3. They have no means of livelihood.
4. So, they have to face poverty.

Question 5.
How can we say that ‘equality’ is the basis of rules?
Answer:

1. Rules are meant for everybody and are applied equally to all.
2. No one is above the rules and disobeying them leads to punishment.
3. There is no discrimination in punishment for breaking the rules.
4. Thus we can conclude that equality is the basis of rules.

Question 6.
Give two examples to prove that nature’s laws are fixed and constant.
Answer:
1. We cannot change the laws of nature and they are fixed and constant.
2. The two examples to prove this are as follows:
(a) The rising and setting of the sun.
(b) The law of gravity.
(c) The phases of the moon are all fixed and constant and do not change.

Question 7.
Give one example to show the change in human laws.
Answer:
1. Human laws need to be changed with changing conditions.
2. For example, after Independence, the voting age was 21 years. After 1988, the voting age was lowered to 18 years. fail to care for properly.

Question 8.
List some good traditions and customs practised in our society.
Answer:
1. There are several good customs and traditions in our society.
2. We celebrate festivals together. We welcome guests who visit us and are hospitable” to them.
Many of our customs enable us to maintain the balance in nature.
3. The values of non-violence and peace have been a part of our social life since ancient times.

Question 9.
What happens when wrong customs and traditions are followed in society?
Answer:
1. Wrong customs and traditions cause the neglect of some sections of society.
2. The neglected weaker section has no access20 to education, therefore, they do not get opportunities for development.
3. They have no means of livelihood. Therefore, they have to face poverty.
4. This again given rise to poverty and lack of education. This is a vicious circle which comes in the path of progress.

‘This is what I Think’:

Question 1.
Prohibition against loudspeakers in public places after 10 o’clock at night.
Answer:
Everyone has a right to have a peaceful environment. After 10 o’clockusing loud-speakers in public places should be prohibited so that people may sleep peacefully.

Question 2
Free primary education for boys and girls.
Answer:
Poverty leads to lack of education so there should be free primary education for all those who can’t afford basic education.

Question 3.
Prohibition against dumping garbage in the river.
Answer:
Dumping garbage pollutes the river water and also causes harm to aquatic life.

Question 4.
Protection against domestic violence for women.
Answer:
Women are the weaker section of society who are not cared for at home.

Question 5.
Ban on child labour.
Answer:
Children below 14 years have to attain education and not be exploited as a child labourer.

Question 6.
Ban on felling of trees, hunting and poaching.
Answer:
Trees and animals are part of our natural environment which have to be conserved.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
Can you tell some traffic rules?
Answer:
1. Always cross the road at the zebra crossing.
2. Stop driving when the signal is red. (You can add more to the list)

Question 2.
Give reasons why we should obey these rules.
Answer:
We should obey these rules so that we can avoid accidents.

Question 3.
Which one of these rules do you feel need to be changed?
Answer:
(From the list you have made in Q.(l) above, choose one rule which need to be changed and give reason)

Question 4.
What other rules do you think are needed for better discipline in traffic?
Answer:
(Personal response)

Question 5.
How will you answer the question: ‘Don’t girls need as nourishing a diet as is given to boys?’
Answer:
Of cource, both girls and boys both need a nourishing diet during their growing age and both must be treated equally without any gender bias.

Question 6.
In what other ways do you feel there is discrimination between boys and girls?
Answer:
Boys are allowed to receive higher education, they are given better facilities, they are allowed to be out of the house late at night without time restrictions and they are not forced to do household chores like girls.

Glossary:

1. specify – state a fact
2. disobeying – falling to obey
3. occurences – incidents or events
4. injustice – lack of fairness or justice
5. abolished – formally put an end to
6. banned – officially or legally prohibited
7. enacted – put into practice
8. obstacles – something that hinders progress
9. colleague – a person with whom one works in a profession or business.
10. constant – occuring continuously over a period of time
11. discriminate – differentiate
12. dowry – an amount of property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.
13. instrumental – serving as a means of persuing an aim
14. gratitude quality of being thankful
15. combat – to take action to reduce or prevent.
16. orthodox – following traditional rules
17. ensure – make certain
18. neglect – fail to care for properly.
19. hospitable – friendly and welcoming to guests
20. access – means to enter a place
21. prohibited – forbidden
22. afford -have enough money to pay for
23. exploited – make use in an unfair way
24. conserved – protect
25. nourishing – containing substances necessary for growth, health
26. bias – prejudice against someone
27. chores – routine tasks.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Our Earth and Our Solar System Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Motions of the Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Earth and its Living World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Environmental Balance Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Family Values Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Rules Are for Everyone Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Let us Solve Our own Problems Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Public Facilities and My School Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Maps – Our Companions Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Getting to Know India Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Home and Environment Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Food for All Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 2 Motions of the Earth Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 2 Question Answer Motions of the Earth System Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 2 Question Answer

1. What is the Solution?

Question 1.
What is the Solution?
Amit wants to take his granny to Australia which is in the southern hemisphere. But she cannot bear very cold weather. When should they make this trip?
Answer:
They should take their trip between March and September because the southern hemisphere has its summer season then.

2. Use your brainpower!

Question (a)
How many rotations does the earth complete during one revolution around the sun?
Answer:
Earth makes 365 complete rotations and one quarter rotation.

Question (b)
It is sunrise at Itanagar in Arunachal Pradesh. Write the names of the following cities in the order in which the sun will rise there : Mumbai (Maharashtra), Kolkata (West Bengal), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh), Nagpur (Maharashtra).
Answer:
Kolkata (West Bengal), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh), Nagpur (Maharashtra), Mumbai (Maharashtra)

3. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
The motion of the earth around itself is called …………………… .
(a) revolution
(b) rotation
(c) dual motion
Answer:
(b) rotation

Question 2.
The motion of the earth around the sun is called ………………….. .
(a) revolution
(b) rotation
(c) dual motion
Answer:
(a) revolution

Question 3.
The rotation of the earth gives rise to …………………… .
(a) seasons
(b) day and night
(c) year
Answer:
(b) day and night

4. What is meant by each of the following terms:

Question (a)
Full moon
Answer:
At night, when we are able to see the entire illuminated part of the moon, it is called full moon.

Question (b)
New moon.
Answer:
At night, when we are not able to see the entire moon as it does not receive the sun’s light, it is called new moon.

Question (c)
Lunar month
Answer:
The period from one new moon to the next which is of 28 – 30 days is called a lunar month.

Question (d)
Tithi
Answer:
Each day of the lunar month is called a tithi.

5. Answer the following questions.

Question (a)
What is an equator?
Answer:
1. The imaginary4 circle exactly in between the north and south pole is called the equator.
2. The equator divides the earth into two equal parts.

Question (b)
What are the two parts of the earth made by the equator?
Answer:
The two equal parts of the earth made by the equator are called northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere respectively.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 2 Motions of the Earth Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
The imaginary line around which the earth rotates is called its …………………….. .
(a) axis of rotation
(b) sphere of rotation
(c) line of rotation
Answer:
(a) axis of rotation

Question 2.
The earth rotates from …………………….. .
(a) east to north
(b) west to east
(c) west to south
Answer:
(b) west to east

Question 3.
We divide the whole day into ………………….. parts.
(a) 365
(b) 7
(c) 24
Answer:
(c) 24

Question 4.
The earth’s ………………….. is inclined.
(a) equator
(b) axis
(c) north pole
Answer:
(b) axis

Question 5.
The imaginary line that divides the earth into two equal parts is called the …………………… .
(a) axis
(b) rotation
(c) equator
Answer:
(c) equator

Question 6.
The earth completes one ………………….., it makes one complete turn around itself.
(a) rotation
(b) revolution
(c) season
Answer:
(a) rotation

Question 7.
The period of time that the earth takes to complete one rotation is called a …………………… .
(a) day
(b) night
(c) fortnight
Answer:
(a) day

Question 8.
A day has two parts, day and ………….. .
(a) day
(b) night
(c) fortnight
Answer:
(b) night

Question 9.
We divide the whole day into 24 parts, each of which is called an …………………… .
(a) day
(b) second
(c) hour
Answer:
(c) hour

Question 10.
There are about ………………. days and 6 hours in a year.
(a) 365
(b) 563
(c) 356
Answer:
(a) 365

Question 11.
A leap year has ………………. days.
(a) 365
(b) 366
(c) 367
Answer:
(b) 366

Question 12.
Many of our festivals are connected with the
(a) songs
(b) games
(c) seasons
Answer:
(c) seasons

Question 13.
The ……………….. revolves around the earth and the earth revolves around the sun.
(a) earth
(b) moon
(c) sun
Answer:
(b) moon

Question 14.
From the earth we see only ……………. side of the moon.
(a) three
(b) two
(c) one
Answer:
(c) one

Question 15.
The moon has no ………………… of its own.
(a) light
(b) moonlight
(c) daylight
Answer:
(a) light

Question 16.
We can see the moon because of the ………………. light which falls on it.
(a) space
(b) earth’s
(c) sun’s
Answer:
(c) sun’s

Question 17.
On a full moon night, we see the entire …………………. of the moon that faces the earth.
(a) light
(b) side
(c) night
Answer:
(b) side

Question 18.
It takes ………………. days from the new moon to the full moon.
(a) 10 or 12
(b) 14 or 15
(c) 8 or 9
Answer:
(b) 14 or 15

Question 19.
The fortnight from new moon to full moon is called ………………….. of the moon.
(a) waning
(b) waxing
(c) lunar
Answer:
(b) waxing

Question 20.
The fortnight from the full moon to the new moon is called the ………………. of the moon.
(a) waning
(b) waxing
(c) lunar
Answer:
(a) waning

Question 21.
The period from one new moon to the next is called the ……………………… month.
(a) waning
(b) waxing
(c) lunar
Answer:
(c) lunar

Question 22.
Every day of the lunar month is called a …………………….. .
(a) cycle
(b) tithi
(c) season
Answer:
(b) tithi

Question 23.
The revolution of the earth and the inclination of its axis give rise to the cycle of ………………….. .
(a) seasons
(b) festivals
(c) songs
Answer:
(a) seasons

Name the following:

Question 1.
The period of time that the earth takes to complete one rotation.
Answer:
A day

Question 2.
The period of time the earth takes to complete one revolution.
Answer:
One year

Question 3.
Number of days in a leap year.
Answer:
366

Question 4.
Three main seasons in India.
Answer:
Summer, rainy and winter

Question 5.
The cycle of six seasons.
Answer:
Rituchakra

Question 6.
Every day of the lunar month.
Answer:
A tithi

Question 7.
Two parts of a day.
Answer:
Day time and night time

Question 3.
Match the following:

’A’	‘B’
(1) The Waxing moon	(a) Krishna Paksha
(2) The Waning moon	(b) 22 March to 23 September
(3) Summer in northern hemisphere	(c) Shukla Paksha
(4) Winter in northern hemisphere	(d) 23 September to 22 March

Answer:

’A’	‘B’
(1) The Waxing moon	(c) Shukla Paksha
(2) The Waning moon	(a) Krishna Paksha
(3) Summer in northern hemisphere	(b) 22 March to 23 September
(4) Winter in northern hemisphere	(d) 23 September to 22 March

Answer the following in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is the name given to the changing shapes of the moon that we see?
Answer:
The different shapes of the moon that we see are called the phases of the moon.

Question 2.
What are the names of the days on which we see a round moon and on which day we see no moon at all?
Answer:
The day we see a round moon is called Full Moon Day and the day we see no moon is called New Moon Day.

Question 3.
What is a day?
Answer:
The period of time that the earth takes to complete one rotation is called a day, that is 24 hours.

Question 4.
What is the duration of a year?
Answer:
There are about 365 days and 6 hours in a year.

Question 5.
What causes the cycle of seasons?
Answer:
The revolution of the earth and the inclination of its axis give rise to the cycle of seasons.

Question 6.
What is the rotation of the earth?
Answer:
The movement of the earth around itself is called ‘rotation of the earth’.

Question 7.
What is ‘axis of rotation’?
Answer:
The imaginary line around which the earth rotates is called its ‘axis of rotation’. It is an imaginery line between the north pole and south pole.

Question 8.
What is the ‘equator of the earth’?
Answer:
The imaginary line that divides the earth into two equal parts i.e. the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere is called the equator of the earth.

Question 9.
In which direction does the earth rotate?
Answer:
The earth rotates from west to east.

Question 10.
Into how many parts is the day divided?
Answer:
The day is divided into two parts i.e. day and night.

Question 11.
Into how many hours is the ‘day’ divided?
Answer:
The day is divided into 24 hours.

Question 12.
What is the revolution of the earth?
Answer:
The movement of the earth around the sun in one year is called the revolution of the earth.

Question 13.
Around whom does the moon revolve?
Answer:
The moon revolves around the earth.

Question 14.
What is waxing of the moon?
Answer:
The moon takes a fortnight to move from new moon to full moon. This period of time is known as waxing of the moon.

Question 15.
What is ‘waning of the moon’?
Answer:
The moon takes a fortnight to move from a full moon to new moon. This period of time is known as waning of the moon.

Question 16.
What is a lunar month?
Answer:
The period from one new moon to the next is of 28 to 30 days. It is called the lunar month.

Question 17.
What is’tithi’?
Answer:
Every day of the Lunar month is called a ‘tithi’.

Give geographical reasons:

Question 1.
The length of day and night is not always equal.
Answer:
The length of day and night is not always equal because:
1. Of the earth’s inclined axis.
2. Its revolution around the sun.

Question 2.
From 22 March to 23 September, northern hemisphere, experiences summer and southern hemisphere experiences winter.
Answer:
1. From 22 March to 23 September the days are longer than the night in the northern hemisphere.
2. It is warmer here.
3. So, it is summer.
4. However, at this time southern hemisphere nights are longer than the days.
5. So it receives less heat.
6. Therefore, Southern hemisphere experiences winter.

Question 3.
The sun, the moon and the earth are not always along a straight line.
Answer:
1. The moon revolves around the earth.
2. The earth revolves around the sun.
3. These two orbits intersect.
4. Hence the sun, the moon and the earth are not always along a straight line.

Question 4.
We see phases of the moon.
Answer:
1. From the full moon to the new moon the illuminated part of the moon seen from the earth becomes smaller and smaller.
2. From new moon to full moon it again grows bigger and bigger.
3. Therefore we see phases of the moon.

Question 5.
Waxing moon
Answer:
The fortnight from new moon to full moon which is 14 to 15 days is called waxing moon. Here the moon seems to become bigger and bigger, i.e. it waxes.

Question 6.
Waning moon
Answer:
The fortnight from full moon to new moon which takes 14 to 15 days is called the waning moon. Here the moon seems to become smaller and smaller, i.e. it wanes.

Answer briefly:

Question 1.
Explain ‘Phases of the moon’.
Answer:
1. From the full moon to the new moon the illuminated5 part of the moon seen from the earth becomes smaller and smaller.
2. From new moon to full moon, the illuminated part of the moon grows bigger and bigger.
3. These different shapes of the moon that we see are called the ‘phases of the moon’.

Question 2.
What are the effects of the rotation and revolution of the earth?
Answer:
1. The rotation of the earth gives rise to day and night.
2. The revolution of the earth and the inclination6 of its axis give rise to the cycle of seasons.

Write short notes on:

Question 1.
Leap year.
Answer:

1. In the Gregorian calendar, the year has 365 days.
2. It counts 6 hours less every year.
3. That makes 24 hours or one day in every four years.
4. This extra day is added in the fourth year in the month of February.
5. That year will have 366 days.
6. That year is called a leap year.

Question 2.
Complete the following:
Answer:

3. The fortnight of the waxing moon + the fortnight of the waning moon – A lunar month

Glossary:

1. waning – decreasing
2. waxing – increasing.
3. orbits – regularly repeated elliptical course of a celestial object.
4. imaginary – existing only in the imagination
5. illuminated – lit up
6. inclination – a degree of sloping.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Our Earth and Our Solar System Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Motions of the Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Earth and its Living World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Environmental Balance Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Family Values Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Rules Are for Everyone Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Let us Solve Our own Problems Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Public Facilities and My School Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Maps – Our Companions Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Getting to Know India Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Home and Environment Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Food for All Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 16 Water Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 16 Question Answer Water Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 16 Question Answer

1. What’s the solution?

Question 1.
Soil in the garden gets washed away with the water due to the slope of the land.
Answer:
Enough trees must be planted in the garden so that the roots of the trees will make a mesh underground holding the soil firmly, not allowing the soil to get washed away.

2. Use your brain power!

Question 1.
How should roads and footpaths be built to make rainwater seep into the ground?
Answer:
Use of paver stones to make roads or foot paths is a solution, as the rainwater will then be able to seep through the joints and percolate into the soil, instead of it flowing into the drains and getting wasted.

3. Answer the following questions in brief:

Question (a)
What conditions prevail during a famine?
Answer:

1. During a famine humans and animals suffer from scarcity of water.
2. As there is no water for agriculture, grain and fodder become scarce in the famine-stricken areas.
3. People living in these areas have to face a lot of hardship.
4. Animals and plants in these parts also suffer.

Question (b)
What works are undertaken to make water available even after the rainy season?
Answer:
Severals works are undertaken to make water available even after the rainy season like
1. Large dams are built.
2. Smaller reservoirs are built,
3. Contour bunding and constructing bunds on smaller streams.

Question (c)
Why is it necessary to stop rainwater?
Answer:
1. We get rain for only four months in a year. If rainwater is not stored, we will not have water for our daily needs after the rains.
2. So in order to meet the whole year’s need for water, rainwater must be stopped.

Question (d)
What is meant by water management?
Answer:
Taking steps to ensure that rainwater will be available even in the period after the rainy season is called water management.

4. True or False? Correct the wrong statements:

Question (a)
We get rainwater throughout the year.
Answer:
False. We get rainwater for only four months in a year.

Question (b)
During a famine, the government moves people and animals temporarily to safe places.
Answer:
True.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 16 Water Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
When other substances get mixed with water, it becomes ……………… .
(a) impure
(b) pure
(c) drinkable
Answer:
(a) impure

Question 2.
Some impurities …………………. in water.
(a) drown
(b) float
(c) mix
Answer:
(b) float

Question 3.
The substances that get mixed with the water are …………………. for living things.
(a) healthy
(b) pollutants
(c) harmful
Answer:
(c) harmful

Question 4.
Rivers, lakes are our ………………….. of water.
(a) clouds
(b) tanks
(c) sources
Answer:
(c) sources

Question 5.
The waste water of a city or town is collected and let into a water body at a ……………….. location.
(a) convenient
(b) busy
(c) inconvenient
Answer:
(a) convenient

Question 6.
Sewage water can carry microorganisms that spread ………………… .
(a) impurities
(b) disease
(c) pollution
Answer:
(b) disease

Question 7.
Waste water from industries is more likely to contain ………………. substances.
(a) poisonous
(b) non-poisonous
(c) mineral
Answer:
(a) poisonous

Question 8.
If all this waste water is let into water bodies as ………………. it is, the water bodies become
(a) impurities
(b) polluted
(c) convenient
Answer:
(b) polluted

Question 9.
Polluted water cannot be used for ……………………. or for any other purpose.
(a) washing
(b) exercise
(c) drinking
Answer:
(c) drinking

Question 10.
Sewage and other waste water of towns and cities is …………………… for purification before letting it into a water body.
(a) processed
(b) polluted
(c) progressed
Answer:
(a) processed

Question 11.
Flowing water of rivers gets purified to some extent by …………………. processes also.
(a) artificial
(b) natural
(c) chemical
Answer:
(b) natural

Question 12.
Before water is supplied to a town or city, it is …………………… .
(a) polluted
(b) solidified
(c) purified
Answer:
(c) purified

Question 13.
Places where it does not rain for a long time experience a …………………. .
(a) flood
(b) drought
(c) tsunami
Answer:
(b) drought

Question 14.
Humans and animals ……………….. from scarcity of water.
(a) suffer
(b) enjoy
(c) relax
Answer:
(a) suffer

Question 15.
Grain and fodder become ………………… during a famine.
(a) abundant
(b) scarce
(c) available
Answer:
(b) scarce

Question 16.
People living in drought have to face a lot of …………………. .
(a) hardship
(b) friendship
(c) warship
Answer:
(a) hardship

Question 17.
Fodder camps are set up in famine-stricken areas to take care of …………………. animals.
(a) wild
(b) milch
(c) domestic
Answer:
(c) domestic

Question 18.
…………………. brings us water again and again.
(a) wells
(b) rain
(c) taps
Answer:
(b) rain

Question 19.
We get rain for only ……………… months in a year.
(a) six
(b) ten
(c) four
Answer:
(c) four

Question 20.
If rainwater is not …………………. we will not have water for our daily needs after the rains.
(a) stored
(b) scare
(c) evaporated
Answer:
(a) stored

Question 21.
When rainwater is stopped, it …………….. into the soil.
(a) percolates
(b) evaporates
(c) precipitates
Answer:
(a) percolates

Question 22.
As the ground water storage increase, …………………. get water.
(a) animals
(b) trees
(c) rocks
Answer:
(b) trees

Question 23.
Rainwater falling on roofs of houses in drained into large ………………. placed beside the building.
(a) boxes
(b) canals
(c) tanks
Answer:
(c) tanks

Question 24.
Taking steps to ensure that rainwater will be available even in the period after the rainy season is called …………………. management.
(a) time
(b) health
(c) water
Answer:
(c) water

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
Where is the waste water of a city or town let out?
Answer:
The waste water of a city or town is collected and let into a water body at a convenient location.

Question 2.
What does sewage water carry?
Answer:
Sewage water carries microorganisms that spread diseases.

Question 3.
Which water contains poisonous substances?
Answer:
Waste water from industries is more likely to contain poisonous substances.

Question 4.
Why is it compulsory for factory owners to treat the water before letting it out?
Answer:
If this waste water is let into water bodies as it is then the water bodies become polluted and that is dangerous. That is why it is compulsory for factory owners to treat the water before letting it out.

Question 5.
What is a threat to aquatic living things?
Answer:
If large quantities of impurities get mixed with river water, the proportion of oxygen dissolved in the water is reduced and this is a threat to aquatic living things.

Question 6.
Why is it important to read the information when we buy a bottle of drinking water?
Answer:
The date of bottling and the period for which the water can be safely used is printed on the bottle. Therefore, it is important to read the information when we buy a bottle of drinking water.

Question 7.
Why should empty drinking water bottles be crushed and thrown into a garbage bin?
Answer:
We must crush and throw the empty drinking water bottles into a bin, so that it cannot be reused.

Question 8.
What is a famine?
Answer:
A famine is a natural disaster, where the affected area does not receive any rain, so land get dry and there is no water for humans, animals as well as agriculture.

Question 9.
How does the government help in increasing the groundwater storage level?
Answer:
When it is not possible to build large dams then people and government come together to build smaller reservoirs, contour bunding, constructing bunds on smaller streams or dig wells in river beds to increase the groundwater storage level.

Question 10.
How is rainwater from roof tops saved?
Answer:
Rainwater from roof tops is drained into large tanks placed besides the building thus saving rain water.

Answer the following questions in brief:

Question 1.
How does the government help famine-stricken areas?
Answer:
1. The government temporarily moves people and animals from famine-stricken areas to safe places where they can be provided with water foodgrain and fodder.
2. Fodder camps are set up to take care of domestic animals.

Question 2.
What happens when rainwater percolates into the soil?
Answer:
1. When the rain water percolates into the soil, the ground water storage level increases.
2. Trees get water.
3. Wells too get enough water and land can be cultivated.

Can you tell?

Question (A)
List the substances that are mixed in the waste water drained out of the kitchen and bathroom in your house.
Answer:
Shampoo, soap, washing detergents, waste food particles, oil and grease from washed utensils, dirt and grime from soiled colthes.

Water Works:

Question 1.
What source of water is used for public water supply system?
Answer:
Rainwater collected in reservoirs and lakes is used for public water supply system. Water from lakes like Tansa, Tulsi and Vihar supply water to Mumbai city.

Question 2.
What processes are used to make the water clean, transparent and germ-free?
Answer:
Filtration, purification, chlorination

Question 3.
In what order are these processes carried out?
Answer:
Settling – Oxygenating – Filtration – Chlorination.

Question 4.
What is done to rid the water of bad smells?
Answer:
Alum is used in water to get rid of the bad odour.

Question (B)
If at some place, it did not rain for a very long time, what would be its effect on the life of the people there?
Answer:
Due to scarcity of water there will be drought – like condition.
The people and animals will die of thirst and hunger.
Plants and farms will wither and die therefore no food will be available. This will lead to famine.

Can you recall?

Question 1.
When happens when a spoonful of sugar, sawdust and soil are added to a glass of water?
Answer:
1. When sugar is added it dissolves in water.
2. When sawdust is added it does not dissolve instead it floats in water.
3. When soil is added the stones simply sink to the bottom of the glass and the soil dissolves the water making it muddy.

Question 2.
Which are the three states of water.
Answer:
1. Liquid state
2. Solid-state
3. Gaseous state.

Question 3.
What is done to make drinking water clean and safe?
Answer:
At homes, the tap water is filtered and boiled to purify it for drinking.

Glossary:

1. percolates – filter gradually through a porous surface.
2. scarcity – being in short supply
3. fodder – food for cattle
4. scarce – insufficient
5. sewage – wastewater.
6. prevail – prove more powerful
7. grime – dirt ingrained on the surface of something
8. soiled – made dirty
9. transparent – clear, see-through
10. wither – become dry and shrivelled
11. mesh – an interlaced structure
12. seep – flow or leak slowly

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Methods of Preserving Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Transport Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Communication and Mass Media Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Water Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Clothes – Our Necessity Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Environment and Us Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Constituents of Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Emotional World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Growth and Personality Development Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Substances, Objects and Energy Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Community Health and Hygiene Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 13 Question Answer Methods of Preserving Food Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 13 Question Answer

1. What’s the solution?

Question (a)
The papads have become soft and moist .
Answer:
Papads which have been soft and moist should be kept in sun for drying. Drying method involves removal of water content (moisture) from the foodstuffs. Papads when kept in sun for drying for 2-3 days will become crisp again.

Question (b)
Fruits like mangoes, amlas, guavas and vegetables like peas, onions, tomatoes, fenugreek are needed all year round. They are available in plenty only in certain seasons.
Answer:
Different methods of food preservation are used in order to preserve fruits and vegetables. Mangoes can be preserved by making their squash preparation. Peas can be peeled from pods and preserved by keeping them in refrigerator for long time. Onions can be dried or fried and kept for a longer period of time. Tomatoes can be preserved by making tomato puree, squash or sauce.

2. Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Semolina (Shevaya) do not get spoiled for a very long time. But kheer made from them spoils easily. Why is this so?
Answer:
Semolina (Shevaya) are made by drying them in the sun. Since they are dried in sun, the water content in them is completely lost, hence they can be stored for longer time. On the other hand, kheer is made by using milk and milk is a highly perishable’’ product, hence kheer gets spoilt quickly.

3. Find and correct the wrong statements:

Question (a)
When something is boiled, the microorganisms in it are destroyed.
Answer:
It is a correct statement.

Question (b)
Our food does not get spoiled when microorganism begin to grow in it.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Our food gets spoiled when microorganisms begin to grow in it.

Question (c)
Foodstuffs dried in summer cannot be used for the rest of the year.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Foodstuffs dried in summer can be used for the rest of the year.

Question (d)
Foodstuffs get warmth when put in a fridge.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Foodstuffs get cool temperature when put in a fridge.

4. Answer the following questions:

Question (a)
What are the different methods of preserving food?
Answer:
Boiling, drying, cooling and placing the foodstuffs in airtight cans are the different methods of preserving food.

Question (b)
Why do we avoid eating food that has got spoiled?
Answer:
We should avoid eating spoiled food because it can cause stomach ache, diarrhoea/vomiting etc.

Question (c)
Why do we make jams from fruits?
Answer:
Fruits cannot stay fresh for longer period of time. In order to preserve them, various food preservatives like sugar is added to it. By preserving the fruits by adding sugar, we can get jams even after the season of fruits is over. Hence, we make jams from fruits.

Question (d)
What are preservatives?
Answer:
Certain substances that are added to the foodstuffs to preserve them for a long time are called preservatives.

Question (e)
Find out the names of the different spices. Also find out which part of their plant they are.
Answer:
Cinnamon, cardamom, bill leaves, cloves etc. are different spices. Cinnamon is a part of the stem of a plant, cardamom is fruit of plant and clove is a flowerbud of a tree.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
………………. and ……………. are kept to dry in the open air in summer.
(a) Onions, potatoes
(b) Carrots and brinjals
(c) Milk, milk products
Answer:
(a) Onions, potatoes

Question 2.
……………………, ………………….. and …………………….. are available where food is kept.
(a) Air, moisture, warmth
(b) Fungus, ants, insects
(c) Spores, mice, rats
Answer:
(a) Air, moisture, warmth

Question 3.
Spoiled food has reduced ………………. value.
(a) nutrition
(b) additional
(c) reductional
Answer:
(a) nutrition

Question 4.
……………….. can be dried and stored for a long time.
(a) Spices
(b) Jams
(c) Mangoes
Answer:
(a) Spices

Question 5.
…………………. are present all around us in air as well as in water.
(a) Microorganisms
(b) ants
(c) insects
Answer:
(a) Microorganisms

Question 3.
State whether the following statements are True or False:

1. Asafoetida (hing) is a preservative.
2. Spices cannot be stored for a longer period of time.
3. Mango pulp and milk products are not spoiled quickly.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the advantage of placing the foodstuffs in the airtight cans?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are preserved in airtight containers, the microorganisms are first destroyed and it is ensured that water or air does not enter the food stuff.

Question 2.
What are the conditions required for the growth of fungus?
Answer:
Availability of food, water, air and warmth are the conditions required for the growth of fungus.

Question 3.
What is the special feature of drying method?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are dried by drying method, the water content in them is lost. This is the special feature of drying method.

Question 4.
What happens when the foodstuffs are boiled?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are boiled, the microorganisms present in them are destroyed.

Question 5.
What precaution should be taken while buying food in sealed bags or boxes?
Answer:
While buying food in sealed bags or boxes, we should always check the expiry (use before) date printed on it.

Can you tell?

Talk to the elderly people in your family to find the answers to the following questions with reference to the foodstuffs mentioned below:
(milk, vegetables, grains, flours, sugar, jaggery)

Question 1.
When do we say that foodstuff is spoiled? What changes are seen in it?
Answer:
The foodstuff smells foul and have unpleasant appearance. There is even growth of fungus on foodstuffs.
Changes that occur in spoilt food: (a) Taste changes (b) Colour of the food change (c) Presence of black, white patch (fungus) on food (d) Unpleasant smell (e) Nutritive value reduces.

Question 2.
Is the time in which foodstuffs get spoilt different in different seasons?
Answer:
Yes, the time in which the foodstuffs gets spoilt is different in different seasons. Spoilage of any foodstuffs depends on the presence of temperature and humidity of the environment. Therefore in winter, foodstuffs are preserved for a long time than summer season.

Question 3.
Which foodstuffs get spoilt most quickly?
Answer:
Milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, etc. are the foodstuffs which get spoilt most quickly.

Question 4.
What measures are taken to keep the foodstuffs in the house in good conditions, for as long as possible?
Answer:
We can keep the foodstuffs in the refrigerator, some foodstuffs can be dried, fried, etc. and stored for a long period.

Glossary:

1. pulp – soft, wet and crushed mass
2. fibrous – consisting of fibres.
3. airtight – not allowing air to escape or pass through.
4. moist – slightly wet
5. crisp – firm, dry and brittle
6. perishable – that which gets spoilt.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Methods of Preserving Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Transport Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Communication and Mass Media Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Water Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Clothes – Our Necessity Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Environment and Us Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Constituents of Food Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Emotional World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Busy at Work – Our Internal Organs Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Growth and Personality Development Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Infectious Diseases and how to Prevent them Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Substances, Objects and Energy Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Community Health and Hygiene Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 4 Environmental Balance Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 4 Question Answer Environmental Balance Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 4 Question Answer

1. What’s the solution?

Question 1.
We have to remove insects from the grains without using pesticides.
Answer:
Some plants like neem or their extract repel insects. That is insects run away from these substances. Hence if we place dried leaves of neem. The grains will be freed from the insects as they will go away. Similarly it is by applying canola oil to the grains we can remove the insects as canola oil is also an insect repellent.

2. Use your brain power.

Question 1.
Use your brain power.
Make up a food chain:
Frog, Kite, Worm, Snake, Grass
Answer:
Grass → Worm → Frog → Snake → Kite

3. Answer the following questions:

Question (a)
What is a food chain? Give an example of it.
Answer:
In nature, Plants are food for one small animal. This smaller animal is the food for a larger animal which in turn is a food for another larger animal. Thus we see that one living thing is connected to another living thing for their food, and each component or living thing is the food for the next one. Therefore we can say the components form a chain. Such a biological chain is called a food chain. Example of a food chain.

Plants → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Kite

The plant is eaten by the grasshopper which is eaten by the frog. The frog is eaten by the snake which is eaten by the kite.

Question (b)
How is the balance in the environment maintained?
Answer:
1. Plants use substances in the soil for their growth and when plants and animals die the micro-organisms decompose them and this added to the substances goes back to the soil once again.
2. Similarly the water cycle maintains a continuous supply of water for all the living things.
3. Living things take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide while breathing. The plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen while preparing their food. Thus oxygen gets added to the air.

There are several other such cycles which go on in nature due to interaction amongst living things. When such interactions and cycles go on uninterrupted continuously, they help in maintaining the food chain. Due to this, environmental balance is maintained.

4. What substances in the soil are useful for the growth of plants?

Question 1.
What substances in the soil are useful for the growth of plants?
Answer:
The plants use substances like water, minerals and organic matter from the soil for their growth.
Note: Grasshopper does not feed on worms. It is not a flesh eating insect. It eats only various parts of plants like seeds & leaves. The first image shown in the textbook on page 20 is of an insect called cricket, which feeds on worms, and the bird feeds on this cricket.
Hence the correct food chain is
grass → worm → cricket (insect) → bird

5. True or false?

Question 1.
True or false?

1. Microorganisms form a part of the environment.
2. It is necessary to maintain biodiversity.
3. A grasshopper eats birds.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 4 Environmental Balance Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
The variety we see in all living things that belong to a particular area is called ………………. of that place.
(a) biodiversity
(b) environment
(c) food chain
Answer:
(a) biodiversity

Question 2.
While studying biodiversity of a given place scientists make large number of ………………….. in different conditions using special devices.
(a) observation
(b) specification
(c) direction
Answer:
(a) observation

Question 3.
The science which studies interaction between living and non living things is known as ……………….. .
(a) environmental science
(b) food web
(c) water cycle
Answer:
(a) environmental science

Question 4.
The soil, air, water, plants, animals and microorganisms are known as the ……………… of the environment.
(a) dividents
(b) components
(c) substance
Answer:
(b) components

Question 5.
A ………………. is formed by interlinking of several food chains.
(a) food store
(b) junk food
(c) food web
Answer:
(c) food web

Question 6.
………………… make their own food using water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight.
(a) Plants
(b) Animals
(c) Humans
Answer:
(a) Plants

Question 7.
………………… decompose the dead remains of plants and animals present in the soil.
(a) plants
(b) micro-organism
(c) animals
Answer:
(b) micro-organism

Question 8.
All the living organisms get a continuous supply of water in nature because of the water ……………… .
(a) fountain
(b) clouds
(c) cycle
Answer:
(c) cycle

Question 9.
Plants give out ………………. gas while preparing their food.
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) oxygen
(c) sulphur dioxide
Answer:
(b) oxygen

Question 10.
Plants take in ………………….. gas from the air while preparing food.
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) oxygen
(c) mitrogen
Answer:
(a) carbon dioxide

Question 11.
When cycles go on uninterrupted in nature, ……………….. balance is maintained in nature.
(a) environmental
(b) botanical
(c) geographical
Answer:
(a) environmental

Question 12.
Living and non-living things are ………………….. on each other.
(a) independent
(b) interdependent
(c) dependent
Answer:
(c) dependent

Question 13.
One living thing can be a part of a number of food …………………. .
(a) web
(b) chains
(c) link
Answer:
(b) chains

Question 14.
Every living thing gets its food from the …………………… .
(a) environment
(b) nature
(c) kitchen
Answer:
(a) environment

Question 15.
Many animals in the environment eat only
(a) animals
(b) plants
(c) grass
Answer:
(b) plants

Question 16.
Animals eat other animals that live on …………………. .
(a) plants
(b) animals
(c) humans
Answer:
(a) plants

Question 17.
……………………… are the main support of every food chain.
(a) Animals
(b) Plants
(c) Humans
Answer:
(b) Plants

Question 18.
Due to the ………………… every living thing gets the food it needs and therefore continues to live.
(a) food chain
(b) water cycle
(c) oxygen
Answer:
(a) food chain

Question 19.
………………. living in the soil helps the process of decomposition.
(a) Worms
(b) Microorganisms
(c) Insects
Answer:
(b) Microorganisms

Question 20.
Living things use …………………. from the air for breathing.
(a) oxygen
(b) nitrogen
(c) carbon
Answer:
(a) oxygen

Question 21.
Plants use ………………. from the air for making their food.
(a) oxygen
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) nitrogen
Answer:
(b) carbon dioxide

Question 2.
Find the odd man out and state its reasons:

1. Snake, Cow, Grains, Mouses
2. Sparrow, Grass, Elephant, Worm
3. Water, Soil, Microorganisms, Sun

Answer:

1. Cow – (Snake, Mouse, Grains form a food chain.)
2. Elephant – (Sparrow, worm, grass form a food chain.)
3. Microorganism (water, soil, air are non-living components of the environment.)

Question 3.
State whether the following statements are true or false:

1. Plants give out oxygen while breathing.
2. If forests are destroyed environmental balance is disturbed.
3. Tigers, Lions and Leopards harm the environment.
4. When substances present in nature are used up by the living organisms they are returned back to the soil after decomposition of their dead bodies.
5. In a given environment we always see only one type of food chain.
6. A mouse can be a link of two different food chains.
7. Pollution of air, water and soil can disturb the environmental balance.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. True

Question 4.
Give one word for the following processes:
1. Process of give and take between living things and non living things.
2. Process of breaking down of dead bodies into simpler substances so that the plants can use it.
Answer:
1. Interaction
2. Decomposition

Question 5.
Use your brain power. Make up a food chain:

1. Deer, Plants, Tiger, Microorganisms
2. Sea lion, Algae, Small fish, Big fish
3. Owl, Nuts, Squirrel, Fox
4. Algae, Dragon fly, Mosquito larvae, Chameleon
5. Grass, Fox, Bird, Snail
6. Grasshopper, Cow, Turkey bird, Grass, Humans
7. Elephant Calf, Lion, Plants, Deer
8. Snakes, Caterpillars, Chicken, Eagles
9. Flowers of plant, Falcon (Bird), Lizard, Honeybee

Answer:
1. Plants → Deer → Tiger → Microorganisms
2. Algae → Small fish → Large fish → Sea lion → Shark
3. Nuts → Squirrel → Owl → Fox
4. Algae → Mosquito larvae → Dragonfly → Chameleon
5. Grass → Snail → Bird → Fox

9. Caterpillars → Chicken → Snake → Eagle
10. Flowers of plants → Honeybee → Spider → Lizard → Falcon (Bird)

Answer the following in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Which living organism is the main support of every food chain?
Answer:
The plants which prepare their own food are the main support of every food chain.

Question 2.
What is the food of the plants?
Answer:
Plants prepare their own food using carbon dioxide from air and water from the soil in presence of sunlight.

Question 3.
What is an environment?
Answer:
The surroundings and the conditions in those surroundings which affect the life of the organisms there, are together known as their environment.

Question 4.
What are the components of the environment?
Answer:
Sunlight, air, water, soil, plants and animals etc. are the components of the environment.

Question 5.
What is a food web?
Answer:
One living thing can be a part of a number of food chains. That gives rise to a food web in nature.

Question 6.
Name the following (Give any two examples):

1. Animals which eat only plants.
2. Animals which eat animals that live on plants.
3. Birds which eat insects.
4. Birds which eat fruits or seeds of plants.
5. Birds which eat small animals or small birds.
6. Birds and animals which eat dead animals.

Answer:

1. Goat, Cow, Elephant, Rhinoceros
2. Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Cheetah
3. Robin, Peacock, Chicken (Hen), Woodpecker
4. Sparrow, Pigeon, Parrot, Toucans, Canary
5. Kite, Eagle, Falcon, Hawk, Owl
6. Vulture, Hyena, Crow, Raccoons

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Plants are the main support of every food chain.
Answer:
Many animals in the environment eat only plants. Some animals eat smaller animals that live on plants. Plants make their own food using water from soil and carbon dioxide from air in the presence of sunlight. They are the only living organisms which do not depend for their food on other animals. All other animals directly or indirectly depend on plants for food. Hence, plants are the main support of every food chain.

Question 2.
It is important to maintain the environmental balance for existence of living things.
Answer:
When various cycles present in nature go on uninterrupted, environmental balance is maintained in nature. This helps in maintaining the food chains in the environment. If environmental balance is not maintained the food chains get affected and some animals may die due to shortage of food. If this continues, it will destroy nature and all the living things. Therefore, to maintain the food chains and existence of living things environmental balance should be maintained.

State how the following non-living things found in nature are useful to living things:

Question 1.
Hollow of a tree:
Answer:
Many animals like squirrels, birds etc. take shelter in the hollow of the tree. Insects also are known to be found in this hollow.

Question 2.
Rocks:
Answer:
Small rocks present in the soil help the roots of the plant to breathe and grow as they allow air and water to pass through the soil. Soil which helps plant to grow is formed by breaking down of these rocks. Many insects also take shelter under large rocks e.g. Scorpions live below the rocks.

Question 3.
Sun:
Answer:
The Sun is the source of energy. It provides sunlight. Plants cannot grow without sunlight. Hence no life would exist without the Sun.

Question 4.
Mountains:
Answer:
Large forests are found on mountains. Rivers also originate in mountains. Hence, mountains are homes for many living things. They are homes for many birds, monkeys, wild animals etc.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What do you mean by a link in a food chain? If one of the links in a chain is lost from the chain, can the food chain last? Explain.
Answer:
In a food chain, one animal is the food for the next animal. Each one of the living things forming a food chain is called the link of the food chain. If one link of the food chain is lost it will affect the next link. It means if one animal is lost, the next animal for which it is the food will also get affected, as it will cause shortage of food.

This will lead to starvation8 and death of the animals in the next link. For Example: If deer disappear from the forest, the lions and tigers will starve for food and they will die. Thus we see that the food chain will not last if one link in the food chain is lost.

Question 2.
Who eats birds?
Answer:
Birds are eaten by various animals depending on their size. Small birds like sparrow, robins, canary etc. are eaten by snakes. Pythons can eat large birds like herons, stork, etc. by coiling around them and crushing them. Dogs, cats also eat birds like chicken, hens etc. Some large birds eat the young ones of birds or smaller birds.

For example: kite, eagle, owls, falcons eat small birds or young ones of other birds. Foxes, racoons, coyotes are wild animals which eat small birds and other birds like owls. Lastly human beings also eat birds like, chicken, turkey, duck as food. Birds like eagles, kite and vultures are not eaten by any animals. Microorganisms decompose them after they die.

Question 3.
Explain how the balance in the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide present in the air is maintained in nature.
Answer:
The animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide while breathing. However plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen while preparing food. Due to this process the balance in the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide present in the air is maintained.

Question 4.
Describe the water cycle present in nature.
Answer:
Our earth is covered with water bodies. The heat of the sun evaporates the water from the water bodies like sea, lake, ponds stveanes of rivers and also the water which has percolated beneath the soil. This evaporated water vapour is light, so it moves up into the higher and cooler atmosphere to form fine drops of water which float.

These smaller drops form clouds. They later join together to form big and heavy drops; which fall down as rain. The rain water goes back to the water bodies, thus the process of condensation, evaporation and rainfall continue to form a water cycle.

Observe the picture given below and answer the following:

Question (A)
Find the different food chains of whichthe worm and the mouse form a link:
Answer:
There are two food chains as shown below :

Question (B)
Find the different food chains where the fox and lion form a link.
Answer:
There are two food chains as shown below:

Question 1.
Draw a diagram showing the water cycle occurring in Nature:
Answer:

Question 2.
Draw a diagram showing the oxygen cycle:
Answer:

What’s the solution?

Question 1.
Mosquitoes cause malaria. To prevent malaria mosquitoes need to be stopped from growing.
Answer:
Mosquitoes larvae grow in water. Hence to prevent them from growing we should not allow water to accumulate. We should keep our surroundings dry. Also fishes like guppies, gold fish and killifish eat up the mosquto larvae. Hence sometimes these fish are grown in ponds to prevent mosquitoes.

Question 2.
The soil is to be made fertile without adding chemical fertilizers.
Answer:
Organic manure is added to the soil. Organic manure is prepared by mixing remains of plants, vegetables, fruits etc. with soil and is allowed to decompose by microorganisms. Microorganisms convert the above substances to organic manure which helps plants to grow.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
What is the deer’s food?
Answer:
The deer feeds on various kinds of plants and grass. They eat leaves, twigs and stems of the plant.

Question 2.
What is food for the tiger?
Answer:
The tiger feeds on plant eating animals like deer, cows, zebra, giraffe, goats, buffaloes, rhinoceros, calf etc.

Glossary:

1. interaction – a particular way in which matter affects one another
2. component – part of a larger whole
3. residues – a small amount that remains behind.
4. uninterrupted – without break.
5. organic – derived from living matter
6. presence – being present.
7. hollow – having a hole or empty space inside.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Our Earth and Our Solar System Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Motions of the Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• The Earth and its Living World Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Environmental Balance Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Family Values Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Rules Are for Everyone Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Let us Solve Our own Problems Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Public Facilities and My School Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Maps – Our Companions Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Getting to Know India Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Our Home and Environment Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Food for All Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 2 Lesson Number 6 Question Answer Stone Age: Stone Tools Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 2 Chapter 6 Question Answer

1. Fill in the blank.

Question a.
That period, of which the tools that we find are mainly made from stone, is called the ………………….. .
(Copper Age, Iron Age, Stone Age)
Answer:
That period, of which the tools that we find are mainly made from stone, is called the Stone Age.

Question b.
………………. near Nashik is a well-known Old Stone Age site in Maharashtra.
(Gangapur, Sinnar, Chandwad)
Answer:
Gangapur near Nashik is a well-known Old Stone Age site in Maharashtra.

2. Find out the odd pair from the following.

Question 1.
Find out the odd pair from the following.
a. Rajasthan – Bagor
b. Madhya Pradesh – Bhimbetka
c. Gujarat – Langhnaj
d. Maharashtra – Bijapur
Answer:
d. Maharashtra – Bijapur

3. Answer the following question in brief.

Question a.
How did man use the percussion technique?
Answer:
1. The man in Old Stone Age used the percussion technique to make stone tools.
2. Percussion technique involves beating or striking one large pebble against another to obtain stone flakes.

Question b.
What revolution was brought about by Homo sapiens in the tool-making technique?
Answer:

1. The Homo sapiens devised a technique of obtaining long and narrow blades of stone.
2. He made knife, scraper, borer and chisel from these long blades.
3. He used ivory and rare stones of the quartz variety for making tools and other articles.

4. Compare the tools from all the three periods of the Stone Age.

Question 1.
Compare the tools from all the three periods of the Stone Age.
Answer:

Old Stone Age	Middle Stone Age	New Stone Age
1. Tools were crude as these made by the percussion technique	1. The quality of tools improved. Homo sapiens brought about a revolution in technique of making tools.	1. The tools were polished and had smooth and shiny finish as new type of tool-making technique was developed.
2. Chopper, hand-axe and clearer were made.	2. Different tools were used for different kinds of work.	2. Tools were mainly made for agricultural work as hunting had become a secondary activitiy.
3. Large stones and their flakes were rather heavy and odd in size.	3. Tools were light weight, durable proportionate and symmetrical.	3. Tools were light weight, durable, proportionate, symmetrical and efficient.

5. Which of the following modern machines has stone grinders?

Question 1.
Which of the following modern machines has stone grinders?
a. Mixer
b. Flour mill
c. Juicer
Answer:
b. Flour mill

6. Show the following places on the map of India.

Question 1.
Show the following places on the map of India.
a. A site of the Old Stone Age in Maharashtra.
b. A river basin with New Stone Age sites.
c. A site of the Middle Stone Age in Madhya Pradesh.
Answer:
a. A site of Old Stone Age in Maharashtra : Gangapur
b. A river basin with New Stone Age site : Basin of river Ganga.
c. A site of Middle Stone Age in Madhya Pradesh: Bhimbetka

Activity :

Question 1.
Visit various industries in your locality and collect information about the tools used there. Make a chart by classifying those tools.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.

1. Apes like the chimpanzee also used ………………. to break seeds and nuts.
2. Apes like the chimpanzee used ……………. to stir the ants out from ant hills to catch them.
3. Early humans too, used bones, stones, twigs and sticks as
4. Humans learnt that they could ………… rods, bones sticks and stones into tools to carry out their tasks more efficiently.
5. They also learnt they could give their tools any …………. they desired.
6. Humans made tools thousands of years ago, but only the …………. tools can be found today.
7. The Stone Age is divided into ……… periods.
8. Palaeolithic Age meAnswer:……….. Stone Age.
9. Mesolithic Age meAnswer:…………… Stone Age.
10. Neolithic Age meAnswer:……….. Stone Age
11. Homo habilis and Homo erectus belonged to the ……………… Stone Age.
12. Old Stone Age man used ………….. techniques to make tools.
13. The first tools made in the Old Stone Age were ……………..
14. ………. were tools with only one side having a sharp edge.
15. Choppers were used for ………………… nuts or bones
16. Tools like the hand-axe and cleaver were made by ………
17. Homo erectus could……………… visualize his tools even before he actually shaped them.
18. The Neanderthal Man made further ……….. in tool – making techniques.
19. Homo sapiens brought about a ….. in the technique of making tools.
20. He devised a technique of obtaining long and narrow ……….. of stone.
21. Groups of Homo sapiens began to build ………… and live in them.
22. They also started celebrating …………… festivals.
23. Homo sapiens started using ornaments to ……….. themselves.
24. ……………. were made from shells, bones and the teeth of animal.
25. Fossils of a human skull and the …………….. bone of an Old Stone Age woman were found on the bank of the Narmada.
26. A fossilized skull of a ……………… from the Stone Age was found at a village near Puducherry.
27. Gangapur is on the banks of the ……………… river.
28. Middle Stone Age man domesticated the …………….
29. ……………………. started to harvest food grains that grew in the wild and to domesticate animals.
30. In the New Stone Age, the stone tools were ………….. to give a smooth and shiny finish.
31. In the New Stone Age, ……………….. was no more a major means of obtaining food.
32. A……………….. is large/broad bladed axe.
33. Tools like the hand-axe and cleaver were made by ……………..
34. Groups of …….. had begun to build huts and live in them.

Answer:

1. tones
2. sticks
3. tools
4. sharpen
5. shape
6. stone
7. three
8. old
9. middle
10. new
11. old
12. percussion
13. crude
14. choppers
15. breaking
16. Homo erectus
17. mentally
18. progress
19. revolution
20. blades
21. huts
22. social
23. adorn
24. beads
25. collar
26. child
27. Godavari
28. dog
29. Homo sapiens
30. polished
31. hunting
32. clearer
33. Homo erectus
34. Homo sapiens

Match the columns :

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Fossil of a human skull	a. Along the Ganga river in South India
2. Fossil of a child’s skull	b. Afghanistan and Sri Lanka
3. New Stone Age site in India	c. Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh
4. Remains of Old Stone Age	d. Patane in Jalgaon district in Maharashtra
5. Site of Middle Stone Age	e. A village near Puducherry
6. Knife and sickle	f. Homo erectus
7. Antlers used as hammer	g. Homo sapiens
8. Choppers and scrappers	h. Mesolithic Age
9. Domesticated animals	i. Old Stone Age man

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Fossil of a human skull	c. Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh
2. Fossil of a child’s skull	e. A village near Puducherry
3. New Stone Age site in India	a. Along the Ganga river in South India
4. Remains of Old Stone Age	b. Afghanistan and Sri Lanka
5. Site of Middle Stone Age	d. Patane in Jalgaon district in Maharashtra
6. Knife and sickle	g. Homo sapiens
7. Antlers used as hammer	f. Homo erectus
8. Choppers and scrappers	i. Old Stone Age man
9. Domesticated animals	h. Mesolithic Age

Answer the following questions in one sentence each:

Question 1.
What did apes like the chimpanzees use to break seeds and nuts?
Answer:
Apes like the chimpanzees used stone to break seeds and nuts.

Question 2.
For what purpose did the apes like the chimpanzees use sticks?
Answer:
Apes like the chimpanzees used sticks to stir ants out from ant-hills to catch them.

Question 3.
What were the tools of the early man made of?
Answer:
The tools of the early man were made of bones, stones, dried twigs and sticks.

Question 4.
Why is the period of time called the ‘Stone Age’? ‘or’ What is meant by ‘Stone Age’?
Answer:
The period of time mainly stone tools found is called the Stone Age.

Question 5.
On what basis is the Stone Age divided?
Answer:
The Stone Age is divided on the basis of the shape and types of tools found.

Question 6.
Into how many periods is the Stone Age divided?
Answer:
The Stone Age is divided into three periods – Old Stone Age, Middle Stone Age and New Stone Age

Question 7.
What is the Old Stone Age also called?
Answer:
The Old Stone Age is also called the Palaeolithic Age.

Question 8.
What does Palaeolithic Age mean?
Answer:
Palaeo means ‘old’ and lithos means ‘stone’. Hence, Palaeolithic Age means the Old Stone Age’.

Question 9.
What is the Middle Stone Age called?
Answer:
The Middle Stone Age is called the Mesolithic Age.

Question 10.
What does Mesolithic mean?
Answer:
Mesolithic means ‘middle’. Hence, the Middle Stone Age.

Question 11.
What is the New Stone Age called?
Answer:
The New Stone Age is called the Neolithic Age.

Question 12.
What does Neolithic mean?
Answer:
Neo means ‘New’. Hence, Neolithic means the “New Stone Age

Question 13.
Which species of human evolution belong to Old Stone Age?
Answer:
The species Homo habilis and Homo erectus belong to Old Stone Age.

Question 14.
Who used the percussion technique of making tools?
Answer:
Homo habilis and Homo erectus used the percussion technique of making tools.

Question 15.
How were the frist tools of the Old Stone Age?
Answer:
The tools of the Old Stone Age were very crude

Question 16.
What were choppers?
Answer:
Choppers were crude tools, where only one side of which had a sharp edge.

Question 17.
For what purpose were the choppers used?
Answer:
Choppers were used to break nuts or bones.

Question 18.
Which tools made by Homo erectus were more proportionate and symmetrical than the tools made by Homo habilis?
Answer:
The hand-axe and cleaver were more proportionate and symmetrical” than the tools made by Homo habilis.

Question 19.
What could Homo erectus do before he actually shaped the tools?
Answer:
Homo erectus could mentally visualize his tools before he actually shaped them.

Question 20.
How did Homo erectus use antlers?
Answer:
He used things like antlers as hammers to obtain stone flakes.

Question 21.
How did Homo erectus make scrapers?
Answer:
He sharpened the edges of the flakes by scraping off smaller pieces to make scrapers with very sharp edges.

Question 22.
What benefits did Homo erectus acquire with his improved tools?
Answer:
With his improved tools, Homo erectus could have a greater variety of food as he could hunt a variety of big and small animals.

Question 23.
Who brought about a revolution in the technique of making tools?
Answer:
Homo sapiens brought about a revolution a in the technique of making tools.

Question 24.
What did the Homo sapiens build to live in?
Answer:
Homo sapiens built huts to live in.

Question 25.
What did the Homo sapiens start celebrating?
Answer:
Homo sapiens started celebrating social festivals.

Question 26.
What did the Homo sapiens create to enhance their festivals?
Answer:
The Homo sapiens created artistic objects and cave paintings to enhance their festivals.

Question 27.
How did they adorn themselves?
Answer:
They adorned themselves with ornaments and beads made from shells, bones and teeth of animals.

Question 28.
What fossils were found in Madhya Pradesh?
Answer:
Fossils of a human skull and the collar bone of an Old Stone Age woman was found on the bank of Narmada in Madhya Pradesh.

Question 29.
Which fossil was found at a village in Puducherry?
Answer:
A fossilized skull of a child from the Stone Age was found at a village in Puducherry.

Question 30.
Which are the well-known Old Stone Age sites in Maharashtra?
Answer:
Gangapur near Nasik and Chirki-Nevasa near Nevasa are among the few well-known Old Stone Age sites in Maharashtra.

Question 31.
Which animal did man of the Middle Stone Age domesticate?
Answer:
Man of the Middle Stone Age domesticated the dog.

Question 32.
Why did the life of humans begin to change?
Answer:
The life of humans began to change due to changes in the climate and environment.

Question 33.
What did the Homo sapiens begin to harvest?
Answer:
The Homo sapiens began to harvest food grains that grew in the wild.

Question 34.
How did the humans in the Middle Stone Age make their tools?
Answer:
He used to make implements like the knife and sickle by firmly fixing a row of blades as small as fingernails into a groove in a bone or a piece of wood.

Question 35.
What quality of tools were found in the Neolithic Age?
Answer:
In the Neolithic Age, the stone tools were polished to give a smooth, shiny finish.

Question 36.
What became the routine way of life for the humans in the New Stone Age?
Answer:
In the New Stone Age, agriculture and domestication of animals or animal husbandry had become a routine way of life.

Question 37.
Where are the sites of the New Stone Age culture in India?
Answer:
The sites of the New Stone Age culture in India are along the Ganga river and in South India.

Question 38.
What did Homo habilis use the flakes of stone for?
Answer:
Homo habilis used the flakes of stone for scraping meat from hide, for chopping meat and other foodstuffs, for sharpening wooden sticks, etc.

Give reasons for the following :

Question 1.
Only stone tools can be found today among those made by humans thousands of years ago.
Answer:
i. Rarely do we find tools made from bones.
ii. Since twigs and sticks decompose easily, we find only stone tools made by humans thousands of years ago.

Question 2.
The beginning of human culture goes back to the Old Stone Age.
Answer:

1. The Homo sapiens made significant progress in knowing the environment, making tools for obtaining food.
2. This enabled man to lead a stable life and live in one place.
3. They started celebrating festivals and adorning themselves.
4. Thus, we conclude that the beginning of human culture goes back to Old Stone Age.

Question 3.
Homo sapiens or the Middle Stone Age man now needed several different types of tools
that were light in weight and durable
Answer:
i. Besides hunting, the Homo sapiens began to undertake a variety of tasks like fishing, harvesting”, cutting of trees etc.
ii. Therefore, they now needed several different types of tools that were light in weight and durable.

Question 4.
Hunting was no more the major means of obtaining food.
Answer:
i. By the time of the New Stone Age, agriculture and animal husbandry became a routine way of life.
ii. Therefore, hunting was no more a major means of obtaining food.

Answer the following questions in brief :

Question 1.
List out the factors that determine the choice of tools.
Answer:
The four factors that determine the choice of tools is as follows:

1. Availability of resources
2. Minimal use of time and energy
3. Maximum efficiency
4. Skill of handling tools which is acquired through practice.

Question 2.
How did man learn to modify his tools?
Answer:

1. Man began to observe the environment & nature around him, continuously and minutely
2. With his inborn creativity, he learnt that he could sharpen rods, bones, sticks and stones into tools to carry out their task more efficiently.
3. He also learnt that he could shape these objects and use it to his advantage.

Question 3.
How can we conclude that the early man used tools made of twigs, bones and stones?
Answer:

1. The early man made tools using twigs, bones sticks and other materials available in nature.
2. Since twigs and sticks decompose easily, we do not find any tools made from them.
3. Only stone tools can be found today. Hence, we can conclude that the early man made tools not only out of stone but other materials also.

Question 4.
How is the Stone Age divided?
Answer:
The Stone Age is divided into 3 periods on the basis of the shape and the types of tools found.

1. Old Stone Age or Palaeolithic Age.
2. Middle Stone Age or Mesolithic Age
3. New Stone Age or Neolithic Age.

Question 5.
What lead the Homo sapiens to lead a more stable life?
Answer:

1. Homo sapiens made significant” progress in gaining knowledge of his environment and in the techniques of making tools and obtaining food.
2. This enabled him to stay in one place so he build huts to live in
3. They celebrated social festivals, made artistic objects and cave paintings.
4. They started using ornaments to adorn themselves. All this meant that Homo sapiens lead a very stable life.

Question 6.
How did the life of humans change during the Mesolithic Age?
Answer:

1. Due to the changes in the climate and the environment, the way of life in the Mesolithic Age began to change.
2. Besides hunting, man started to harvest food grains that grew in the wild and also domesticated animals.
3. Their diet also included various plant foods.
4. They settled in one place, made different types of tools that were light in weight and durable, for hunting, fishing, harvesting and cutting of trees.

Question 7.
Compare the tools of all the three periods of the Stone Age.
Answer:
A comparative study of tools of all three periods of Stone Age is as follows:

Old Stone Age

1. The tools made during the Palaeolithic Age were very crude.
2. Tools were made from any material that was commonly available from nature eg. bones, sticks, twigs and stones.
3. They used the percussion technique to make tools like choppers, hand – axe, cleavers and scrapers.

Middle Stone Age :

1. The tool making devise had been revolutionized during this period.
2. Man devised a technique of obtaining long and narrow blades of stone.
3. He made various implements which were sharper, symmetrical and light-weighted than the earlier age.
4. He made tools like knife, scraper, borer, chisel etc.
5. He also recognized the quality of stones and began to use ivory and rare stones of quartz for making tools.
6. He used ‘microliths’ to make arrows. He also made implements like knife and sickle.

New Stone Age :

1. The tools made during this age were sharper and more polished.
2. Man now made use of a tool-making technique where stone tools were polished to give a smooth and shiny finished look.
3. Since hunting became a secondary occupation, man in this age concentrated on making implements for agricultural use.

Question 8.
Homo erectus could have a greater variety of food.
Answer:

1. Homo erectus had improved tools.
2. He could now hunt a variety of big and small animals.
3. He could thus have a greater variety of food.

Question 9.
Middle Stone Age man began to settle in one place for a part of the year.
Answer:

1. Due to changes in the climate and the environment in the Middle Stone Age, the way of life of humans had begun to change.
2. The Middle Stone Age man had started to harvest food grains and domesticate animals.
3. Thus, he began to settle in one place for a part of the year.

Question 10.
What is meant by a ‘Chopper’?
Answer:

1. The first tools in the Old Stone Age were made with the percussion technique and were
   crude.
2. Only one side of these tools had a sharp edge.
3. These tools were called ‘Choppers’ and were used to break nuts or bones.

Question 10.
Where were the remains of Old Stone Age found in India?
Answer:

1. Remains of the Old Stone Age were found in India at various places from Kashmir to Tamil Nadu.
2. Fossils of a human skull and the collar bone of an Old Stone Age woman were found near Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh.
3. The fossilized skull of a child was found at a village near Puducherry.

Glossary :

1. domesticated : tame and keep as pet
2. durable : not perishable
3. Implements : piece le of equipments
4. Antlers : branched horns on the head of an adult dear
5. crude : in a natural or raw
6. proportionate : corresponding in size or amount to something else
7. symmetrical : exactly similar parts
8. harvesting : gather crops
9. acquired : buy or obtain
10. minutely : with great attention to detail
11. ivory : hard, creamy white elephant tusks
12. quartz : a hard mineral, crystal
13. significant : sufficiently great or important
14. microliths : a small shaped flint
15. grinder : machine used for grinding o something
16. revolution: a forcible overthrow of a government
17. enhance: intensify or o increase

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Chapter 1 What is History? Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 3 Life on Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 4 Evolution Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 5 Evolution of Mankind Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 10 Historic Period Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 1 What is History? Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 2 Lesson Number 1 Question Answer What is History? Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 2 Chapter 1 Question Answer

1. Fill in the blank.

Question a.
The science that tries to understand past events is called ……………….. .
Answer:
The science that tries to understand past events is called ‘history’.

Question b.
History is not written solely on the basis of ……………… .
Answer:
History is not written solely on the basis of imagination.

2. Answer the question in one sentence.

Question 1.
What is the scientific method?
Answer:
The method of using a number of different tests to determine whether the evidence is reliable is called the scientific method.

Question 2.
Of which action is India’s Independence the result?
Answer:
Independence of India is the consequence – result of the struggle of the people of India for independence.

Question 3.
What does the study of history make possible?
Answer:
The study of history makes it possible for us to study what is and what is not favourable for the progress of human society.

3. Answer the following question in brief.

Question a.
Why is history considered to be a scientific discipline?
Answer:
History is considered to be a scientific discipline due to the following reasons :

1. History uses scientific methods while looking for and collecting evidence.
2. It uses scientific methods while examining the evidence and putting it together.
3. Help is taken from other sciences when required.

Question b.
What is it that puts obstacles in the way of village development?
Answer:
Individual or collective actions of human beings have consequences.
Some actions result in an environment that is is not favourable for the progress of society.
The obstacles in the way of village development are :
1. people in the village do not work together and
2. people in the village do not help each another.

4. Complete the concept chart

Question 1.
Complete the concept chart

Answer:

• Nation
• State
• World
• District
• Human civilization

5. Classify the sources of history using the chart given here.

Question 1.
Classify the sources of history using the chart given here.
Sources of history – coins, letters, forts, traditional songs, pots, copper plates,

Answer:

Material	Written	Oral
1. coins	1. letters	1. traditional songs
2.  forts	2. copper plates	2. folk songs
3. pots	3. stone inscriptions	3. folk tales
4. old structures	4. biographies
5. pillars
6. rock-cut caves

Activities :

Question a.
Collect information and pictures of the historical structures and ancient religious places in your village/city/ neighbouring area.

Question b.
Make a list of the sources that you would use to find out the history of your school. Write down the kind of information that you could get from each of them, for example, the foundation stone of the school : the date of foundation, the person who inaugurated it, etc.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 1 What is History? Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

1. Words like ‘now’, ‘today’ and ‘this year’ are terms that indicate the ……….. .
2. Words like ‘some time ago’, ‘yesterday’ and ‘last year’ are terms that indicate the …………… .
3. Words like ‘after some time’, ‘tomorrow’ and ‘next year’ are words that indicate the …………….. .
4. The time that has already gone by is the ……………….. .
5. The time that we are in now is the ………….. .
6. The time that is yet to come is the……………….. .
7. With the study of Environmental Studies, we have become acquainted with ……………….. Sciences.
8. The method of using a number of different tests to determine whether the evidence is reliable is called the ……………. method.
9. It is not possible to conduct experiments to recreate the …………….. that happened in the past.
10. Evidence available from all sources is collected and thoroughly examined to determine its ………. .
11. Past events are put in a proper sequence and …………….. is written.
12. History studies events of the ………….
13. Individual or collective actions of human beings have …………. .
14. If people of a village work together and help one another, the village makes …………. progress.
15. If people of a village cannot come together and help one another, it puts ………………… in the way of its development
16. History provides us with ………….. about how we should behave today in order to shape a good future.
17. By studying history, we learn about the progress of human …………..
18. Every village, city, district, state and country has its own ……
19. Every science, too has a …………….
20. The past, present and future are linked by a continuous chain of ………… .
21. Indians fought against the British government to get Independence. This is a ……… action.
22. The events of today are linked with ……………… actions.
23. We learn that man began to make ………….. from materials available in nature.
24. Inventions of today are only possible on the foundation of the discoveries and inventions of the ……………….
25. We divide ………….. in different ways for our convenience.
26. History serves to ……………. and to motivate us by telling the life stories of great people.
27. The method of presenting ……………….. is different from that of other sciences.
28. ……………. is developed further with physical and intellectual development of man.

Answer:

1. present
2. past
3. future
4. past
5. present
6. future
7. various
8. scientific
9. events
10. reliability
11. account
12. past
13. onsequences
14. good
15. obstacles
16. guidelines
17. civilization
18. history
19. history
20. events
21. historical
22. past
23. tools
24. past
25. time
26. inspire
27. history
28. technology

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. now, today, this year	a. Past
2. yesterday, last year	b. Present
3. Tomorrow, next year	c. Future
4. Pots, coins, forts	d. Written
5. Inscriptions, pillars.	e. Oral letters
6. Folk songs and folk tales	f. Material
7. Computer, Solar Cooker	g. Historical
8. Use of fire, making of tools	h. Modern day invention
9. India’s struggle for freedom	i. Invention of early man

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. now, today, this year	b. Present
2. yesterday, last year	a. Past
3. Tomorrow, next year	c. Future
4. Pots, coins, forts	e. Oral letters
5. Inscriptions, pillars.	d. Written
6. Folk songs and folk tales	f. Material
7. Computer, Solar Cooker	h. Modern day invention
8. Use of fire, making of tools	i. Invention of early man
9. India’s struggle for freedom	g. Historical

Answer each question in one sentence:

Question 1.
How can past time be described?
Answer:
Time that has already gone by is the past. It can be described by using words like ‘some time ago’, ‘yesterday’ and ‘last year’.

Question 2.
How can present time be described?
Answer:
Time that we are in now is the present. It can be described by using words like ‘now’ ‘today’ and ‘this year’.

Question 3.
How can future time be described?
Answer:
The time that is yet to come is the future, it can be described by using words like ‘after some time’ and ‘next year’.

Question 4.
What is history?
Answer:
The science that tries to understand past events is called ‘history’.

Question 5.
How is history useful to shape the society to have a good future?
Answer:
The study of history makes it possible for us to study what is favourable and what is not favourable for the progress of human society. History thus provides us with guidelines about how we should behave today in order to shape a good future.

Question 6.
List the three types of sources of history?
Answer:
Sources of history are of three types,

• Material sources
• Written sources
• Oral sources.

Question 7.
How is an historical account written?
Answer:
With the help of the evidence that stands the scientific tests for reliability, past events are put in a proper sequence and thus a historical account is written.

Question 8.
What does environmental science do?
Answer:
Environmental science studies the problems of degradation of the environment, pollution, etc. and looks for their solutions.

Question 9.
How do people obstruct the development?
Answer:
If the people of a community or village cannot come together and help one another, this attitude of the people can obstruct its development.

Question 10.
How does history serve to inspire us?
Answer:
By telling us the life stories of great people, history serves not only to inspire us but also to motivate us.

Question 11.
What teaches us about the progress of human civilizations?
Answer:
By studying history, we get to know about the give and take that took place between our own and other civilizations. Thus, history teaches us about the progress of human civilization.

Question 12.
How are the past, present and future linked?
Answer:
The past, present and future are linked by a continuous chain of events.

Question 13.
Give an example of a historical action.
Answer:
An example of a historical action is when Indians fought against the British Government to get Independence.

Question 14.
Give an example of a consequence of an action.
Answer:
India’s struggle for independence resulted in India becoming an independent nation. This is an example of a consequence of an action.

Question 15.
How were inventions of today possible?
Answer:
Inventions of today were possible due to its foundation of discoveries and inventions of the past. e.g. Early man invented wheel and fire. The next generation with the help of technology and intellectual development improved upon it.

Question 16.
Name some present day inventions.
Answer:
Computers and solar cooker are some of the present day inventions.

Question 17.
Name some inventions of early man.
Answer:
Use of fire and invention of the wheel were some significant inventions of the early man

Question 18.
What does the study of history make possible?
Answer:
The study of history makes it possible for us to know what is and what is not favourable for the progress of human society.

Question 19.
On what does the future depend?
Answer:
The future depends on past events.

Question 20.
What does history study?
Answer:
History attempts to find out ansers to many questions by studying the thought process of past societies, their actions and the consequence. On this basis it accordingly guides us to a better future.

Give reasons for the following:

Question 1.
The method of presenting history is different from that of other sciences.
Answer:
i. It is not possible to conduct experiments and to recreate the events that happened in the past.
ii. Therefore the method of presenting history is different from that of other science.

Question 2.
History is also considered to be a science.
Answer:

1. History uses scientific methods at every stage, i.e., while looking for and collecting evidence, examining the evidence and also while putting it together.
2. A times, when required, help is also taken from other sciences.
3. That is why history is also considered to be a science.

Question 3.
History is not written solely on the basis of imagination.
Answer:
i. Evidence which is scientifically tested for its reliability is put in a proper sequence as an historical account.
ii. Therefore we can say history is a science and not written solely on the basis of imagination.

Question 4.
Every science, too, has a history.
Answer:
i. History studies about all the scientific discoveries that brought about important changes in human civilization and of the scientists who made those discoveries.
ii. Therefore it can be rightly said that every science, too, has a history.

Question 5.
Every evidence we get from the sources of history has to be tested to determine whether it is reliable or not.
Answer:
Every evidence we get from the sources of history has to be tested because tests determine the reliability of the source. Only with the help of the evidence past events are put in a proper sequence and a historical account is written.

Answer the following questions in brief:

Question 1.
The past, present and future are linked. Explain.
Answer:

1. The past, present and future are linked by a continuous chain of events.
2. Every event has a consequence.
3. The events of today (ie present) are linked with past actions.
4. When we understand this, we realize that the future depends on past events.
5. Therefore we can say that the past, present and future are linked.

Question 2.
Which are the sources of history? Give two
examples of each.
Answer:
The sources of history are of three types:

1. Material sources – coins, pots, forts.
2. Written sources – letters, inscriptions.
3. Oral sources – traditional stories and songs.

Question 3.
What affects our day-to-day life?
Answer:

1. Individual or collective actions of human beings have consequences.
2. The consequence result in an environment that may be either favourable or unfavourable for the progress of the society.
3. This affects our day-to-day life.

Question 4.
Explain the importance of the study of History.
Answer:

1. History studies the events of the past.
2. History gives information about past societies, their actions and their consequences.
3. The study of history makes it possible for us to study what is favourable for the progress of human society.
4. History provides humans with guidelines about how we should behave today in order to shape a good future. History inspires and motivates us and is thus very important.

Question 5.
What do we learn from history? Explain with examples.
Answer:

1. The past, present and future are linked by a continuous chain of events.
2. The Indian people’s struggle for independence was the action that led to the Indipendence of India.
3. The events of today are linked with past actions.
4. Therefore, the future depends on past events.
5. This is what we learn from history.
6. For example, we learn that man began to make tools and make use of fire from the materials in nature.

Glossary :

1. acquainted : aware
2. evidence : information.
3. favourable : to the advantage of someone or something..
4. reliability : the ability to be depended on for accuracy.
5. degradation : process of degradation.
6. obswuct : be in the way of; prevent.
7. consequences : results of.
8. determine : firmly establish.
9. sequence : a particular order in which related events follow each other. .
10. Obstacle : a thing that blocks one’s way or hinders progress.

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Chapter 1 What is History? Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 3 Life on Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 4 Evolution Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 5 Evolution of Mankind Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 10 Historic Period Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 2 Lesson Number 8 Question Answer Beginning of Settled Life Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 2 Chapter 8 Question Answer

1. Fill in the blank.

Question a.
Archaeological evidence shows that agriculture first began about 11,000 years ago in Israel and …………. .
(Iran, Iraq, Dubai)
Answer:
Archaeological evidence shows that agriculture first began about 11,000 years ago in Israel and Iraq.

Question b.
The houses at the beginning of the New Stone Age were made of …………… .
(earth, bricks, wattle and daub)
Answer:
The houses at the beginning of the New Stone Age were made of wattle and daub.

2. Answer the following question in brief.

Question a.
What are the three main steps in the process of domesticating a wild animal?
Answer:

1. Capture the wild animal.
2. Taming the wild animal by giving them the training to live with humans.
3. Obtaining useful materials like milk from these animals and training them to work as beasts of burden for the humans.

Question b.
How did some people in the community become skilled craftsmen?
Answer:

1. As the food available was more than needed by the community, some men and women utilised their spare time in experimentation and for using their natural creativity to develop special skills.
2. Persons with such special skills were given to work based on those skills.
3. Thereby a class of skilled craftsmen emerged.

3. Complete the following concept chart.

Question 1.
Complete the following concept chart.

Answer:

4. Write about the usefulness of any five domesticated animals.

Question 1.
Write about the usefulness of any five domesticated animals.
Answer:

• Cow : Cow is a very useful animal. It is domesticated for its milk. Cow-dung was used to smear mud walls and in courtyards. Cow-dung is used to make dung cakes for fuel and also is a very good natural manure for agriculture.
• Goats and Sheep : Sheep is useful for its wool and milk. They are also domesticated for their meat.
• Dog : A very useful and faithful animal. It guards household or village-settlements.
• Horse : A very useful, strong and a swift animal. Its strength is used to draw carriages or to transport heavy
• goods. It is also used in travelling.
• Bullocks : Bullocks are strong and obedient animals. Therefore, they are used to draw carts. They are also used to transport people and heavy objects from one place to another.

5. Which animal is used by the modern police? In what way?

Question 1.
Which animal is used by the modern police? In what way?
Answer:

1. The dog is used by modern police.
2. It is used in the investigation of crimes as a dog can sniff the body odour and blood-stains on the clothes.
3. It leads police to the person who has committed heinous crimes like murder.

Activity :

Question 1.
Visit people in your locality practising five different occupations and collect information about their work.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.

1. When the third step is achieved, the animal is supposed to be completely ……….
2. Domesticating animals and keeping them for our own use is called ……….
3. The …….. is the first animal to have been domesticated.
4. ………..and………… were domesticated next.
5. Dogs were used to help with ………….
6. …….. are credited to have started cultivation.
7. They used ………….. Sticks to sow seeds.
8. People had to stay in one place because of the nature of ………… work.
9. ………………….. production increased considerably after the plough drawn by animals came into use.
10. …………. became the main source of livelihood.
11. People began to worship ……. and various ………. for good crops.
12. People in the village-settlements established some ………. and ……. to manage things.
13. Before agriculture, all men and women were continuously engaged in getting ……….
14. With agricultural production increasing, some men and women began to get ……….. time.
15. They used their spare time for using their natural creativity to develop……… skills.
16. Members with such special skills were given ………. based on those skills.
17. It is believed that in the New Stone Age, ……… made earthen pots and other earthen objects by hand.
18. The farmers in the village-settlements were now producing……….. food.
19. They needed skilled ……………. for tasks like making agricultural implements and repairing them
20. Craftsmen were paid in the form of …………..
21. ………… is an essential item.
22. Salt traders also traded articles they received in exchange of ………..
23. The ………. trade helped in the expansion of trade in the New Stone Age.
24. People responsible for the implementation of these rules became the ………… of village settlements.
25. The chiefs were also entrusted with the …… of the village.
26. The population of the village settlements ………. because food was available in plenty
27. The ……… became permanent and expanded.
28. People began to build ………. houses of sun dried bricks.
29. It appears that the people of the village settlements belonged to a single …………..
30. The entire village-settlement was an ………….. family.
31. A dead person was buried either in the ……….. or in the ……..
32. In the ………… system, it became possible to store food grains.

Answer:

1. domesticated
2. animal husbandry
3. dog
4. goat, sheep
5. hunting
6. uxomen
7. pointed
8. agricultural
9. agricultural
10. agriculture
11. nature, deities
12. rules, customs
13. food
14. spare
15. special
16. work
17. women
18. surplus
19. craftsmen
20. foodgrains
21. salt
22. salt
23. salt
24. chiefs
25. protection
26. grew
27. village-settlements
28. quadrangular
29. clan
30. extended
31. house, courtyard
32. agricultural

Match the following:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Source of livelihood	a. Women
2. Sowing of seeds	b. New Stone Age
3. Earthen pots	c. Protection
4. Moats	d. Agriculture

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Source of livelihood	d. Agriculture
2. Sowing of seeds	a. Women
3. Earthen pots	b. New Stone Age
4. Moats	c. Protection

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is animal husbandry?
Answer:
Domesticating animals and keeping them for one’s use is called animal husbandry.

Question 2.
Which is the first animal to have been domesticated?
Answer:
The dog is the first animal to have been domesticated.

Question 3.
Who domesticated the dog?
Answer:
Homo sapiens of the Middle Stone Age domesticated the dog.

Question 4.
How were the dogs used?
Answer:
Dogs were used to help in hunting.

Question 5.
Which animals were domesticated after the dog?
Answer:
The goat and sheep were domesticated after the dog

Question 6.
When and where did agriculture begin?
Answer:
Archaeological evidence is available to show that agriculture first began about 11,000 years ago in Israel and Iraq.

Question 7.
Who are given the credit to have started cultivation?
Answer:
Women are credited to have started cultivation

Question 8.
What did they use to sow seeds?
Answer:
They used pointed sticks to sow seeds.

Question 9.
How did the agricultural production increase considerably?
Answer:
Agricultural production increased considerably after the plough driven by animals came into use.

Question 10.
What was the main source of livelihood for people in the New Stone Age?
Answer:
Agriculture was the main source of livelihood for the people in the New Stone Age.

Question 11.
What did the people do in order to grow good crops?
Answer:
People began to worship nature and various deities to grow good crops.

Question 12.
What gained importance in the village settlement?
Answer:
Essential things like sharing of agricultural tasks and water resources and the security of the village-settlements gained importance.

Question 13.
How did the New Stone Age women make earthen pots?
Answer:
The New Stone Age women made earthen pots and other earthen objects by hand.

Question 14.
Why were the craftsmen needed?
Answer:
Craftsmen were needed for tasks like making agricultural implements and repairing them.

Question 15.
How were the craftsmen paid?
Answer:
The craftsmen were paid in the form of food grains or other articles.

Question 16.
What is the barter system?
Answer:
Buying and selling articles by exchanging goods for goods is called barter system.

Question 17.
What was an essential item in the village settlement?
Answer:
Salt was an essential item in the village settlement.

Question 18.
How did the salt traders trade?
Answer:
Salt traders traded articles they received in exchange of salt.

Question 19.
Why did the village community lay down rules?
Answer:
The village community laid rules for mutual co-operation in order to keep this system of trade and distribution of resources running smoothly.

Question 20.
Who became the chiefs of village settlements?
Answer:
People responsible for the implementation of these rules became the chiefs of villagesettlements.

Question 21.
Who was entrusted with the protection of the village?
Answer:
The chiefs were also entrusted with the task of protection of the village.

Question 22.
Why did they build protective walls and moats around the village-settlements?
Answer:
They built protective walls and moats around the village-settlements to protect them selues from floods, wild animals and outsiders who stole the village cattle.

Question 23.
What were the houses at the beginning of New Stone Age made of?
Answer:
Houses at the beginning of the New Stone Age were made of wattle and daub?

Question 24.
Why were there differences in the style of constructing houses?
Answer:
Regional differences are seen in the styles of constructing houses, depending on the local climate.

Question 25.
Why did the population of village settlements grow?
Answer:
The population of village-settlements grew because food was available in plenty.

Give reasons for the following:

Question 1.
The stick used for sowing was weighed in the centre using a perforated stone.
Answer:
In order to dig deeper into the soil to sow the seeds, the stick was weighted in the centre using a perforated stone.

Question 2.
Before agriculture, men and women in the community were continuously busy.
Answer:

1. Before agriculture, people obtained food by hunting and gathering.
2. But this food could not be stored for a long time.
3. Therefore, all men and women in the community were continuously engaged in acquiring food.

Question 3.
Walls and moats were built around the village settlement.
Answer:
Protective walls and moats were built around the village-settlements to protect them from floods, wild animals and outsiders who stole village cattle.

Question 4.
The village-settlements grew.
Answer:
i. The population of the village-settlements grew because food was available in plenty after agriculture
ii. They also built bigger houses to accommodate their expanding population.

Question 5.
The entire village-settlement was an extended family.
Answer:

1. It appears from the plans of the houses and the village-settlements that people staying there belonged to a single class.
2. It means that they were all related to one another.
3. Thus, the entire village-settlement was an extended family

Question 6.
Women and men began to get spare time to develop special skills.
Answer:

1. In the agricultural system, it became possible to store foodgrains for a long period.
2. There was sufficient food for the community.
3. Therefore, women and men began to get spare time to use their natural creativity to develop special skills.

Question 7.
People began to worship nature and various deities.
Answer:
i. Agriculture became the main source of livelihood in the New Stone Age period.
ii. Thus, people began to worship nature and various deities for good crops.

Question 8.
The farmers needed skilled craftsmen.
Answer:
i. Farmers in the village-settlements were producing surplus food.
ii. Therefore, they needed skilled craftsmen for making agricultural implements and repairing them.

Question 9.
A dead person was buried either in the house or in the courtyard.
Answer:
The people thought that the dead person’s bond with family should not get cut off after death.

Answer the following questions in brief:

Question 1.
How was cultivation carried out by women?
Answer:

1. Women are credited to have started cultivation.
2. They used pointed sticks to sow seeds.
3. In order to help dig deeper into the soil, the stick was weighted in the centre using a perforated stone.

Question 2.
How did a social system based on agriculture came into existence?
Answer:

1. Essential things like sharing of agricultural tasks and water resources and the security of the village-settlement gained importance.
2. People in the village-settlements established some rules and customs to manage these things.
3. Thus, a social system based on agriculture came into existence.

Question 3.
How was barter system established?
Answer:

1. When the farmers in the village-settlements
2. produced surplus food, they felt the need for skilled craftsmen who would provide them with agricultural implements and also repair them.
3. Such craftsmen were paid in the form of food grains or other articles. The craftsmen also purchased the required raw material in the form of foodgrains and other useful articles.
4. Thus, buying and selling by exchanging goods for goods called barter system was established.

Question 4.
Describe the structure of houses in the New Stone Age.
Answer:

1. The houses at the beginning of the New Stone Age were made of wattle and daub i.e. the walls were screens woven from sticks or bamboo and plastered with mud or cow dog.
2. Later when the population in the village ettlement grew, people began to build quadrangular” houses of sun-dried bricks. These houses were also bigger and had more than one room.
3. Regional differences are seen in the styles of constructing houses, depending on the local climate.

Question 5.
Describe the ritual of burying the dead in the village settlements.
Answer:
i. A dead person was buried either in the house or in the courtyard with the idea that the person’s bond with the family should not get cut off even after death.
ii. Families would also bury various articles with the dead person for them to use even after death.

Question 7.
How did the village administrative system came into being?
Answer:

1. The village community made rules for mutual co-operation in order to keep trade running smoothly.
2. People responsible for the implementation of these rules became the chiefs of village settlements
3. These chiefs were also entrusted with the protection of the village.
4. This is how the village administrative system came into being.

Glossary :

1. entrusted : assigned the responsibility to doing something to (someone)
2. archaeological : of history
3. implementation : put into effect
4. deities : gods and goddesses
5. moats : a deep, wide ditch surrounding a house.
6. wattle : and
7. daub : material used in building walls.
8. perforated : pierced with a hote.
9. accommodate : provide sufficient space for.
10. surplus : extra.
11. abundance : a large quantity fo something
12. experimentation:  procedure.
13. complied : meet specified standards.
14. quadrangular : having four sides

Class 5 Environmental Studies Questions and Answers:

• Chapter 1 What is History? Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 3 Life on Earth Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 4 Evolution Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 5 Evolution of Mankind Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 6 Stone Age: Stone Tools Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 8 Beginning of Settled Life Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 9 Settled Life and Urban Civilization Class 5 Questions And Answers
• Chapter 10 Historic Period Class 5 Questions And Answers

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 8 Public Facilities and My School Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

5th Standard EVS 1 Lesson Number 8 Question Answer Public Facilities and My School Maharashtra Board

Std 5 EVS 1 Chapter 8 Question Answer

1. Fill in the blanks.

Question (a)
We must use facilities ……………….. .
(a) carlessly
(b) responsibily
(c) fearlessly
Answer:
(b) responsibily

Question (b)
The school is our ………………… outside our house.
(a) world
(b) family
(c) play ground
Answer:
(a) world

Question (c)
The …………………. has a role in the development of a school.
(a) parents
(b) teachers
(c) community
Answer:
(c) community

2. Answer in one sentence:

Question (a)
Which are the important public services?
Answer:
Water supply, electricity supply, health services, education and transport are the important public services.

Question (b)
What right does each child have?
Answer:
Each child has a right to go to school and learn.

3. Answer in short:

Question (a)
Which public services do we use?
Answer:
We use public facilities like water supply, electricity supply, health services, education, transport, postal services, telephone, fire brigade, police, banks, swimming pools, etc.

Question (b)
Why should schools have Parent Teacher Association and Mata Palak Sangh?
Answer:
Schools should have Parent Teacher Association and Mata Palak Sangh because:

1. They bring about a dialogue between parents and teachers.
2. Parents can help in various activities of the school.
3. We learn with the help of both teachers and parents.
4. Their interactions are to our benefit.

4. Write what will happen:

Question (a)
If boys and girls are not given an equal right to education.
Answer:
Girls will be deprived of education then the society will not prosper because if you educate a girl you educate a family.

Question (b)
If the community does not help the school.
Answer:
The community has a role in the development of school. If the community does not help, then the school will not be able to provide the students with various facilities like sport equipment, libraries, laboratories etc.

Question (c)
If public services and facilities are not used responsibly.
Answer:
If public services and facilities are not used responsibly and with care then people will not be able to use them for a longer time.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 8 Public Facilities and My School Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
According to the Right of …………….., every child between the ages of 6 and 14 must go to school.
(a) Economic Act
(b) Social Act
(c) Education Act
Answer:
(c) Education Act

Question 2.
The Right to Education Act provides complete ……………………. education.
(a) primary
(b) secondary
(c) higher secondary
Answer:
(a) primary

Question 3.
For children with special needs, the upper age limit is ……………. years of age instead of 14.
(a) 15
(b) 18
(c) 16
Answer:
(b) 18

Question 4.
Parents can help in various ………………… of the school.
(a) facilities
(b) activities
(c) festivities
Answer:
(b) activities

Question 5.
Water supply, electricity supply, health services, education and transport are some important ………………. services.
(a) public
(b) private
(c) democratic
Answer:
(a) public

Question 6.
Public services are meant for ………………. .
(a) someone
(b) noone
(c) everyone
Answer:
(c) everyone

Question 7.
Various ………………… are available to us in our school.
(a) facilities
(b) books
(c) teachers
Answer:
(a) facilities

Question 8.
Bus and railway are public facilities of ……………….. .
(a) transport
(b) government
(c) people
Answer:
(a) transport

Question 9.
Each school has its own ……………… identity.
(a) public
(b) unique
(c) private
Answer:
(b) unique

Question 10.
Every child has the right to go to ……………….. and learn.
(a) play
(b) library
(c) school
Answer:
(c) school

Question 11.
The school ………………… all parents alike.
(a) respects
(b) treats
(c) illtreats
Answer:
(a) respects

Question 12.
We learn with the help of both …………. and …………….. .
(a) parents
(b) teachers
(c) principal
Answer:
(b) teachers

Name the following:

Question 1.
Public facilities of transport.
Answer:
Bus and railway.

Question 2.
Organisations in school which help the school to develop.
Answer:
Parent Teacher Association and a Mata Palak Sangh.

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is the right to education?
Answer:
Each child has a right to go to school and learn. This is called the Right to Education.

Question 2.
Which people help in the growth of a school?
Answer:
Many parents, past students, writers, artists, sports persons, scientists and industrialists lend a hand in the growth of a school.

Question 3.
What does ‘Right to Education Act’ state?
Answer:
According to Right to Education Act, every child between the age of 6 and 14 must go to school and complete their primary education.

Answer in short:

Question 1.
How does the community have a role in the development of a school?
Answer:
1. Many people and institutions help to set up a school.
2. A school is given assistance in the construction of classrooms, libraries, laboratories and procurements of sports equipment.
3. Thus the community helps in the development of a school.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
Which public facilities are available inside and outside your home?
Answer:
Public facilities available inside our home are water supply, electricity supply and gas service. Facilities used outside our home ate hospitals, school, college, transport, banks, malls, police etc.
[Note : Other Questions of can you tell are personal response]

Glossary:

1. alike – similar
2. fundamental – of central importance.
3. unique – One of a kind
4. interaction – reciprocal action or influence.
5. procurement – the action of obtaining something.

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