Class 9

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.2 Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.2 Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan

My English Coursebook Std 9 Digest Chapter 2.2 Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

• What is your favourite school subject?
• Which subject do you find the most difficult?
• What do you do to try to understand it better?
• Can I help you to ……….. ?
• Can you help me to ………………. ?

1. Discuss the challenges that people have to face due to disabilities.
What provisions should be made in public places so that everyone gets the same access to public facilities?
Observe your surroundings and write whether such facilities are available. How can you help to improve the situation?

Question 1.
Discuss the challenges that people have to face due to disabilities :
Answer:

• Unfriendly public places –
• abused – exploited – excluded
• inferiority complex

Question 2.
What provisions should be made in public places so that everyone gets the same access to public facilities?
Answer:

1. Suitably altering buses, airplanes, train compartments to make them accessible to persons with disabilities.
2. Making necessary curbs, cuts and slopes in pavement for wheelchair users.
3. Providing ramps at all public places.
4. Engraving edges of railway platforms for the benefits of the visually impaired.

Question 3.
Observe your surroundings and write whether such facilities are available. How can you help to improve the situation?
Answer:

English Workshop:

1. Say whether the following sentences are true or false:

Question 1.
Say whether the following sentences are true or false:
(a) The most important day in Helen Keller’s life was when her teacher came to her.
(b) When young Helen stretched out her hand, her mother took it.
(c) Young Helen learnt to spell many words without understanding them.
(d) One day, young Helen understood that everything has a name.
(e) Young Helen did not try to put the pieces of the doll together.
(f) Young Helen felt sorry that she had broken the doll.
Answer:
(a) The most important day in Helen Keller’s life was when her teacher came to her. – True
(b) When young Helen stretched out her hand, her mother took it. – False
(c) Young Helen learnt to spell many words without understanding them. – True
(d) One day young Helen understood that everything has a name. – True
(e) Young Helen did not try to put the pieces of doll together. – True
(f) Young Helen felt sorry that she had broken the doll. – False

2. Listen carefully and classify the following into ‘one’ and ‘many’.
day, contrasts, teacher, lives, months, years, afternoon, porch, signs, face, fingers, leaves, blossoms, anger, bitterness, weeks, struggle, ship, darkness

Question 1.
Listen carefully and classify the following into ‘one’ and ‘many’.
day, contrasts, teacher, lives, months, years, afternoon, porch, signs, face, fingers, leaves, blossoms, anger, bitterness, weeks, struggle, ship, darkness

Answer:

one	many
day, teacher, afternoon, porch, face, anger, bitterness, struggle, ship, darkness	contrast, lives, months, years, signs, fingers, leaves, blossoms, weeks.

3. This narrative is written in the first person – using ‘I’. Rewrite the following sentences using ‘Helen Keller/Young Helen’ appropriately in place of ‘I’ and making other neccessary changes in the sentences

Question a.
I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me.
Answer:
Young Helen did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for her.

Question b.
The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll.
Answer:
The morning after Helen Keller’s teacher came, she led her into her room and gave her a doll.

Question c.
On entering the door I remembered the doll I had broken.
Answer:
On entering the door, young Helen remembered the doll she had broken.

Question d.
Then my eyes filled with tears for I realised l what I had done, and for the first time I felt repentance and sorrow.
Answer:
Then young Helen’s eyes filled with tears: for she realised what she had done, and for the first time she felt repentance and sorrow.

4. Read the following sentences and frame at least two relevant questions on each.
(a) I was like that ship before my education began.
Questions with ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘when’.
Example: Who was like that ship before her education began?)
(b) One day I was playing with the new doll.
(c) I learnt a great many new words that day.
(d) She brought my hat.
(e) We walked down the path to the well-house.
(f) That living word awakened my soul.

Question b.
One day I was playing with the new doll.
Answer:
(i) When was I playing with the new doll?
(ii) What was I doing one day?

Question c.
I learnt a great many words that day.
Answer:
(i) What did I learn that day?
(ii) Who learnt many words that day?

Question d.
She brought my hat.
Answer:
(i) What did she bring?
(ii) Who brought my hat?

Question e.
We walked down the path to the well-house.
Answer:
(i) Where did we walk down?
(ii) Who walked down the path to the well- house?

Question f.
That living word awakened my soul.
Answer:
(i) What awakened my soul?
(ii) What did that living word awaken?

5. Write about your own experience. Do you remember an occasion when you did something successfully for the first time? Write about it in short (10-12 lines). Prepare an outline of your composition before you write it.

Question 1.
Write about your own experience. Do you remember an occasion when you did something successfully for the first time? Write about it in short (10-12 lines). Prepare an outline of your composition before you write it.
Answer:
The occasion when I was successful
When our teacher gave us an assignment to write a poem on nature, it was quite a difficult job for me. I tried my level best to arrange some words but I could not do it successfully. Then I took the help of my brother. He guided me how to do it. As per his guidance I collected some words related to nature. Then I tried to weave the words in lines. I tried to match the rhymes also.

Somewhere it was quite easy, whereas somewhere it was a difficult job for me. At last, after a lot of efforts and trials, I was successful to write a poem based on ‘Nature’. It gave me immense pleasure and joy. When I read it in the class, I got good praise and applause from the teacher as well as from my classmates. It was really a memorable occasion for me.

6. Gather more information about the following:

Question a.
Different types of impairment that limit a person’s activity or make it difficult for him/her to mix with others in society.
Answer:
Different types of impairment that limit a person’s activity.

• Visual impairment
• Hearing impairment
• impairment of speech production
• impairment of language comprehension
• Intellectual impairment
• Reading impairment

Question b.
How modern technology can be used to overcome these problems.
Answer:
Modern technology has been playing an important role in our day-to-day life. But it is more useful for the disabled people than the common man in the society. It facilitates as per the requirement of the person. It will be a boon for them. Devices like Captioned Television, Live Speech Captioning, Telecommunication Devices for the Deaf are useful for Hearing impairments. In the same way, other devices based on modern technology are also available for other impairments.

7. Complete the following sentences using your own ideas:
(a) The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which ………… .
(b) I did not know what ………… .
(c) One day. while I was playing ………… .
(d) I realised what ………… .
(e) I do not remember what ………… .

Question a.
The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which ………… .
Answer:
The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which I was saved in a horrible accident when I was learning to ride bike. I lost my control and dashed the car in front of me. I fell down with bike on my legs. The people around came and lifted the bike and I was rescused.

Question b.
I did not know what ………… .
Answer:
I did not know what to do at that situation.

Question c.
One day. while I was playing, ………… .
Answer:
One day, while I was playing, I got fracture in my leg.

Question d.
I realised what ………… .
Answer:
I realised what I was doing was wrong.

Question e.
I do not remember what ………… .
Answer:
I do not remember what exactly I did at that moment.

Language study:

7. Find three examples of the following from the passage.
(a) articles
(b) compound words
(c) present participles
(d) past participles

Question 1.
Find three examples of the following from the passage.
(a) articles
(b) compound words
(c) present participles
(d) past participles.

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 2.2 Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activity:

Question 1.
Say whether the following statements are True or False:
(Answers are given directly.)
Answer:

1. Anne Mansfield Sullivan was Helen Keller’s mother. – False
2. The author compares herself to the great ship that groped her way towards the shore. – False
3. The writer was standing on the porch dumb and expectant on that eventful day. – True
4. Helen’s eyes filled with tears when she realised what she had done. – True

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks and complete the following sentences: (Answers are directly given.)

1. The writer was interested in finger play so she tried to imitate.
2. When young Helen succeeded in making the letters correctly, she was flushed with childish pleasure and pride.
3. Earlier in the day Helen and Miss Sullivan had a tussle over the words mug and water.
4. When Miss Sullivan brought Helen’s hat, she realised that she was going out into the warm sunshine.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given.)
1. The writer and her teacher were attracted by the fragrance of the honeysuckle with which the well house was covered.
2. As the cool stream gushed over Helen’s hand, she realised that water meant the wonderful cool something that was flowing over her hand.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
The author refers to two contrasting emotions, what are they?
Answer:

1. The first is when her teacher Anne Sullivan came in her life and she was filled with wonder.
2. On the afternoon of that eventful day she guessed vaguely from her mother’s signs and guessed something unusual was about to happen.

Question 2.
Match the following:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle …	(a) when she considered the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives.
2. The writer was filled with wonder …	(b) how near the harbour she was.
3. The familiar leaves and blossoms came forth …	(c) and fell on the writer’s upturned face.
4. The writer was like compass or sounding-line and no way of knowing…	(d) to greet the sweet southern spring.

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle …	(c) and fell on the writer’s upturned face.
2. The writer was filled with wonder …	(a) when she considered the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives.
3. The familiar leaves and blossoms came forth …	(d) to greet the sweet southern spring.
4. The writer was like compass or sounding-line and no way of knowing…	(b) how near the harbour she was.

Question 3.
What did young Helen’s teacher do when they first met?
Answer:
When Helen met her teacher for the first time, she caught Helen’s hand and held her close in her arms.

Question 4.
What were Helen’s reactions when she succeeded in making letters correctly?
Answer:
When Helen succeeded in making the letters correctly, she was flushed with childish pleasure and pride. She ran downstairs and held up her mother’s hand and made the letters for doll. She was simply making her fingers go in monkey-like imitation.

Question 5.
Arrange the following sentences in chronological order:
1. Helen learnt many words without understanding them.
2. Helen learnt the word ‘doll’ by imitation from her teacher for the very first time.
3. She realized that everything has a name.
4. When she was successful in making the letters of ‘doll’, she showed it to her mother.
Answer:
2. Helen learnt the word ‘doll’ by imitation from her teacher for the very first time.
4. When she was successful in making the letters of ‘doll’, she showed it to her mother.
1. Helen learnt many words without understanding them.
3. She realized that everything has a name.

Question 6.
What were the barriers? How could they be swept away?
Answer:
When the writer realised that every object had a name, each name gave birth to a new thought. Every object that she touched seemed to quiver with life as everything was strange and new to her. As every living word could give her new experience but some of them couldn’t. By trying to touch every living object she could name it. But she could not do it with objects that were invisible. ’

Question 7.
Why did young Helen feel repentance and sorrow?
Answer:
When young Helen broke her new doll into pieces, she had no idea that every part of it had a name. But when she realized that every object that existed has a name, she saw everything with a strange, new sight. When she remembered her broken doll she felt repentance and sorrow for what she had done.

Activities based on vocabulary:

Question 1.
Guess the meaning of:
Answer:

1. immeasurable contrasts – a vast difference
2. eventful day – the day full of events/activities
3. upturned – directed upward
4. unconsciously – without realizing
5. white darkness – It is symbolic to her condition (she was quite close to her destiny without being able to know it.)

Question 2.
Find out antonyms for the following from the extract. (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. shrinked × stretched
2. died/ceased × existed
3. pain × pleasure
4. dully × keenly.

Question 3.
Pick out 4 infinitives from the extract:
Answer:

1. to reveal
2. to imitate
3. to impress
4. to love.

Question 4.
Classify the following words in the given columns:
fragrance, attract, stream, learn, hearth, enter, sorrow, realise
Answer:

Nouns	Verbs
fragrance, stream, hearth, sorrow	attract, learn, enter, realise

Question 5.
Find out four compound words from the lesson:
Answer:

1. honeysuckle
2. sounding-line
3. everything
4. well-house.

Activities based on contextual grammar:

Question 1.
Add a tail tag to the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given.)

1. She did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for her, did she?
2. Helen was like that ship before her education began, wasn’t she?
3. Helen had no way of knowing how near the harbour was, had she?
4. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle, didn’t it?

Rewrite the sentences by using ‘As soon as’:

Question 1.
On entering the door, I remembered the doll I had broken.
Answer:
As soon as I entered the door, I remembered the doll I had broken.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What is the difference between wordless sensation and thought?
Answer:
Sensation is a physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body. It is the ability to feel something physically and express without using words.

Thought is an idea or opinion produced by thinking or occurring suddenly in the mind. Sensation is different from thought. Thoughts are generated centrally in the brain and sensations occur at different places.

Question 2.
How can modern technology be used to overcome impairments?
Answer:
Technology has created a revolution in the life of disabled learners.
a. Disabled students have an adequate educational opportunities but application of computer based technology has created a sea of changes in available options for disabled students.

b. Computer programs have been designed to make it easier for disabled students to access material, communicate their ideas and work and participate in educational experiences.

Question 3.
Why should we help disabled people?
Answer:
We should help disabled people because though no fault of their own, they are in a situation where they require more assistance. If we help them wherever they want our help, they can boost their confidence to get success in their life. We are human and we are supposed to have empathy. So it is our duty to assist them wherever they want.

Activities Based on Language study

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:

1. w _ i c h
2. h o u _ e
3. g _ e e t
4. a _ g e r

Answer:

1. w h i c h
2. h o u s e
3. g r e e t
4. a n g e r.

Question 2.
Copy the following sentences in your notebook:
Answer:
1. “Light! give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul.
2. Those words that were to make the world blossom for me ‘like Aaron’s rod, with flower.’

Question 3.
Put the following words in alphabetical order :
1. porch, dumb, expectant, blossom.
2. interested, imitate, impress, impatient.
Answer:
1. blossom, dumb, expectant, porch.
2. imitate, impatient, impress, interested.

Question 4.
Punctuate the following sentences :
1. why dont you try to understand my situation ruta said her father
2. the tourist exclaimed what a beautiful place kashmir is
Answer:
1. “Why don’t you try to understand my situation Ruta?” said her father.
2. The tourist exclaimed, “What a beautiful place Kashmir is!”

Question 5.
Write four small words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the given f word:
“immeasurable”
Answer:

1. sure
2. measure
3. ease
4. able.

Question 6.
Spot the error and rewrite the correct sentences:
1. My father have been working in a bank from last 20 years.
2. Yesterday I will see him while going to office.
Answer:
1. My father has been working in a bank from last 20 years.
2. Yesterday I saw him while going to office.

Question 7.
Write related words as shown in the example
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 8.
Complete the following word-chain of adjectives. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:
white → …………… → ……………… → ………………. → …………….. .
Answer:
white → enormous → sacred → decent → tired.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Make your own meaningful sentence by using the phrase ‘to be able to’.
Answer:
I was not able to complete my paper in given time.

Question 2.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words and use any one of the root words in your own sentence:
Answer:
1. unusual
2. conscious
Sentence: He was late as usual.

Oral Work:

Question 1.
What is the difference between finger play, spelling a word mechanically and writing a meaningful word?

Question 2.
Read aloud the paragraph ‘We walked down… be swept away’ using proper intonation.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Geography Solutions Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Geography Solutions Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements

Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Tick in front of the correct option ✓

(a) On which of the following are slow movements in the earth’s interior dependent?
Landforms [ ]
Velocity [ ]
Direction [ ]
Answer:
Velocity

(b) When waves divert from each other, what do they create
Compression [ ]
Tension [ ]
Mountain [ ]
Answer:
Tension

(c) For the formation of a rift valley, which of the following processes should occur in the earth’s crust?
Compression [ ]
Tension [ ]
Weathering [ ]
Answer:
Tension

(d) Which of these is a fold mountain?
The Satpudas [ ]
The Himalayas [ ]
The Western Ghats [ ]
Answer:
The Himalayas

(e) The formation of extensive plateaus is a result of which type of movements?
Mountain-building [ ]
Continent-building [ ]
Horizontal [ ]
Answer:
Continent-building

2. Give geographical reasons.

(a) Buildings collapsed at the foothills of the Himalayas because of an earthquake. Before collapsing they were moving forward and backward.
Answer:

• The seismic waves can be divided into primary, secondary and surface waves.
• The primary waves are the first ones to reach the surface of the earth after the energy is emitted in the Earth’s interior.
• Subjected to a ‘P’ wave, particles in the rock move in the direction of waves to and fro and therefore, these waves are also called forward-backward waves.
• Thus, during an earthquake, the buildings at the foothills of the Himalayas moved forward and backward as they were first subjected to “P” waves.

(b) There is a difference in the formation of the Meghalaya Plateau and the Deccan Plateau.
Answer:

1. The Meghalaya plateau is formed due to slow movements (orogenic movements) whereas the Deccan Plateau is formed due to sudden movements (fissure volcano).
2. During the formation of the Meghalaya plateau, a part of the Earth’s crust in between two parallel faults was lifted forming a plateau whereas, the Deccan plateau was formed due to molten material coming out with the eruption spreading on both sides of the fissure.
3. Thus, there is a difference in the formation of the Meghalaya plateau and the Deccan plateau.

(c) Most of the volcanoes are found on the plate boundaries.
Answer:

• The plate boundaries are directly related to the areas of volcanoes.
• Most of the volcanoes are located on the plate boundaries.
• The part of the plate boundary which slides under the crust, results in the loss of material. Such boundaries are called plate consuming boundaries.
• In areas where new material (magma) is coming up onto the Earth’s crust, they are called plate creating boundaries.
• Both the processes result in earthquakes and volcanoes. Thus, most of the volcanoes are formed in the plate boundaries.

(d) The Barren Island is becoming conical in shape.
Answer:

• Barren island which was considered a dormant volcano has become active since February 2017.
• Mainly dust, smoke and mud are coming out of this eruption along with some lava.
• During eruption, the lava is spread around the mouth of this vent, when it comes out.
• As a result, a cone-shaped mountain starts forming.

Therefore Barren Island is becoming conical in shape.

(e) Volcanic eruptions can cause earthquakes.
Answer:

• Generally, the movements in the Earth’s interior occur in the upper layer of the mantle
• Tremendous energy is released by radioactive materials present here.
• This leads to a sudden movement in form of volcanic eruptions where hot solid, liquid and gaseous materials are forcefully thrown out from the mantle of the Earth, onto the surface of the Earth.
• This causes a lot of instability within the crust of the Earth which would also lead to the release of pressure in the form of seismic waves or tremors causing earthquakes.

3. Identify and name the internal movement.

(a) Tsunamis are generated in coastal areas.
Answer:
Sudden Movement

(b) The Himalayas are an example of fold mountains.
Answer:
Slow movement – Mountain Building Movements.

(c) Molten magma is thrown out of the earth’s mantle.
Answer:
Sudden Movement

(d) Rift valley is formed because of faulting.
Answer:
The slow movement – Upward – Downward Movement.

4. Arrange the following statements in chronological order in which an earthquake occurs.

(a) The earth’s surface vibrates
Answer:
The plates suddenly move.

(b) The plates suddenly move.
Answer:
Due to the movements in the mantle compression goes on increasing.

(c) Due to the movements in the mantle, compression goes on increasing.
Answer:
Along the weak point (faultlines) rocks break apart.

(d) Along the weak points ( faultlines) rocks break apart.
Answer:
Stored energy is released in the form of seismic waves.

(e) Stored energy is released in the form of seismic waves.
Answer:
The earth’s surface vibrates.

5. Distinguish between

(a) Block Mountain and Fold Mountain
Answer:

Block Mountain	Fold Mountain
(i) When a part of the earth’s crust between two parallel faults is lifted a block mountain is formed.	(i) Because of the energy waves and pressure working towards each other, the layers of the soft rocks form folds leading to the formation of fold mountains.
(ii) Block mountains are formed due to tension.	(ii) Fold mountains are formed due to compression.
(iii) e.g. The Black forest mountains of Europe and the Meghalaya Plateau of India.	(iii) e.g. The Himalayas, the Aravalis, the Rockies, the Andes, the Alps

(b) Primary and Secondary Seismic Waves
Answer:

Primary Seismic Waves	Secondary Seismic waves
(i) Primary waves are the first one to reach the surface of the earth after the energy is emitted in the Earth’s interior.	(i) The waves which reach the Earth’s surface after the primary waves are called secondary waves.
(ii) Primary waves can travel through solid, liquid and gaseous medium.	(ii) Secondary waves can travel only through only solid medium.
(iii) While travelling through liquid medium, primary waves change their direction.	(iii) Secondary waves get absorbed as they enter the liquid medium.
(iv) The waves move to and fro in the direction of energy transfer.	(iv) These waves move up and down in the direction of energy transfer.

(c) Earthquakes and volcanoes
Answer:

Earthquakes	Volcanoes
(i) Earthquake is the movement of the Earth’s crust.	A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust from which hot solid, liquid and gaseous materials are thrown out from the mantle of.
(ii) Nothing is ejected out during an earthquake.	During a volcanic eruption, ash, water vapor, various types of poisonous and inflammable gases, hot molten magma etc. is ejected from the earth’s interior.

6. Answer in brief
(a) Give reasons why an earthquake occurs.
Answer:

• When the movements occur in the interior of the Earth, tremendous tension is created in the Earth’s crust.
• When the tension goes beyond limits, the energy is released in the form of waves.
• This results in the trembling of the earth’s surface, i.e. an earthquake occurs.

Following are the reasons for the occurrence of an earthquake:

• Moving of the plates
• Colliding of the plates
• Plates sliding one below the other
• Forming of fractures in rock layers, due to tension in the interior of the Earth.
• Occurring of volcanic eruption

(b) Which type of movements have led to the formation of the major fold mountains in the world?
Answer:

• Fold mountains are formed due to mountain-building (erogenic) movements.
• Energy is transferred from the interior of the Earth. Because of these energy waves and pressure working towards each other and in horizontal direction, the layers of the soft rocks form folds.
• If the pressure is very high, large scale folds are formed and their complexity increases.
• As a result, the surface of the Earth gets uplifted and fold mountains are formed.
• The Himalayas, the Aravalis, the Rockies, the Andes, the Alps are the major fold mountains of the world.

(c) How is the magnitude of the earthquake-related to the collapse of houses
Answer:

• Through a seismogram, a graph showing movement of seismic waves (seismograph) can be generated.
• After studying this graph, the magnitude of the earthquake is known.
• The magnitude of the earthquake is measured with the help of a richter scale.
• It is because of the primary waves that the buildings on the Earth’s surface move back and forth.
• The buildings on the Earth’s surface move up and down because of the secondary waves. These are more destructive than the T’ waves leading to collapse of buildings.

(d) What are the effects of earthquakes on the earth’s surface and human life?
Answer:
Following are the effects of earthquakes:

• Cracks/fractures develop on the ground.
• These causes landslides which leads to sliding of rocks.
• Sometimes the groundwater changes its course. For example, wells may get water, or may dry up.
• Some areas get uplifted while some may subside.
• Tsunamis are generated in oceans These waves can cause great loss of life and property in the coastal areas.
• In snow-covered areas, avalanches may occur.
• Buildings collapse and loss of life and property occurs.
• Transportation routes get disrupted.
• The communication system collapses.

(e) Explain the types of seismic waves.
Answer:
When the intension is released at the focus, the released energy travels in all directions. This energy comes towards the Earth’s surface in the form of waves. The seismic waves can be divided into primary, secondary and surface waves.
(i) Primary or ‘P’ waves:

• These waves are first to reach the surface of the Earth, after the energy is emitted in the Earth’s interior. They travel at a very fast speed from the focus of the earthquake in radial direction.
• The waves moves to and fro, therefore these waves are called forward-backward waves.
• These waves can travel through all the three states – liquid, solid and gaseous.
• While travelling through liquid medium, their direction gets changed. It is because of the primary waves that the buildings on the Earth’s surface move back and forth.

(ii) Secondary or ‘S’ waves :

• The waves which reach the Earth’s surface after I the primary waves are called secondary waves. :
• These waves also scatter in all directions from the focus of the earthquake.
• Their velocity is less than ’P’ waves.
• The particles lying in the way of these waves j move up and down in the direction of energy transfer.
• These waves can travel only through the solid medium and they get absorbed as they enter the liquid medium.
• The buildings on the Earth’s surface move up and down because of these waves. These are more destructive than ‘P waves.

(iii) Surface or ‘L’ waves :

• These waves are generated after the main ’P’ and ‘S’ waves reach the epicenter.
• They travel in the direction of the circumference of the Earth, along the crust and are highly destructive.

(f) Explain the types of volcanoes on the basis of the periodicity of eruption with examples.
Answer:
According to the periodicity of the volcanic eruptions, three types of volcanoes can be identified.
(i) Active Volcanoes –

• If the volcanic eruptions are regular even in the present times, then such volcanoes are called active volcanoes.
• E.g., Mt Fujiyama in Japan and Mt. Stromboli in the Mediterranean Sea.

(ii) Dormant Volcanoes –

• When a volcano has not erupted since long, but may become active suddenly is called a dormant volcano.
• E.g., Mt. Vesuvius in Italy, Mt. Katmai in Alaska and Barren Island, India.

(iii) Extinct volcanoes –

• Those volcanoes which have not erupted in the past since long and are not likely to erupt in the future are called extinct volcanoes.
• E.g., Mr. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.

7. Show the epicenter, focus and the primary, secondary and surface waves of an earthquake with the help of a neat labeled diagram.
Answer:

8. Show the following on a given outline map of the world.

(a) Mt. Kilimanjaro
(b) Mid-Atlantic Earthquake zone
(c) Mt. Fuji
(d) Krakatoa
(e) Mt. Vesuvius
Answer:

Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements Intext Questions and Answers

Can you tell?
Read the following news. Observe the photograph and answer the questions.

Question 1.
What caused large-scale casualties?
Answer:
Calamity of earthquake led to large scale casualties.

Question 2.
What was the magnitude of the earthquake?
Answer:
The magnitude of the earthquake was 7.9 Richter scale.

Question 3.
Which country was the most affected because of this earthquake?
Answer:
Nepal was most affected because of this earthquake.

Question 4.
Where was the epicentre of the earthquake?
Answer:
Lamjung in Nepal was the epicentre of the earthquake.

Question 5.
Which are the other affected areas?
Answer:
Bihar, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh in India as well as China, Bhutan, Pakistan and Bangladesh were affected by earthquake.

Question 6.
At what depth was the focus located?
Answer:
The focus of the earthquake was located at the depth of 11 km.

Question 7.
What kind of damage is seen because of the earthquake?
Answer:
Nearly 1500 people were killed and over 1000 people were injured in the disaster.

Question 8.
According to you, what could be the reason behind the earthquake?
Answer:
The sudden release of energy from the interior of the earth leads to earthquakes.

Question 9.
Have you ever experienced a similar earthquake? Discuss.
Answer:
Answers may vary.

Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the statements choosing the correct option from the bracket:

Question 1.
Richter scale is a unit of measuring the magnitude of a/an
(a) volcano
(b) creation of plate
(c) earthquake
(d) earth movement
Answer:
(c) earthquake

Question 2.
There are in all major plates on the Earth.
(a) five
(b) seven
(c) nine
(d) four
Answer:
(b) seven

Question 3.
Large scale and sudden release of energy in the interior of the Earth gives rise to Earth movements.
(a) slow
(b) sudden
(c) internal
(d) external
Answer:
(b) sudden

Question 4.
Earthquakes occur due to the movement of
(a) plates
(b) earth
(c) oceans
(d) land
Answer:
(a) plates

Question 5.
Earthquake is measured with the help of an instrument called a
(a) seismogram
(b) thermometer
(c) barometer
(d) hygrometer
Answer:
(a) seismogram

Question 6.
If lava is released through a vent, it is called a vent volcano.
(a) fissure
(b) central
(c) upper
(d) below
Answer:
(b) central

Question 7.
Kilimanjaro is a volcano.
(a) central type
(b) fissure type
(c) extinct type
(d) dormant type
Answer:
(a) central type

Question 8.
A tremendous amount of energy is given out by the radioactive elements in the
(a) crust
(b) core
(c) mantle
(d) sial
Answer:
(c) mantle

Question 9.
The movements that give rise to mountains are called movements.
(a) epiorogenic
(b) orogenic
(c) slow
(d) sudden
Answer:
(b) orogenic

Question 10.
When a portion of the crust between two parallel faults2 is raised up, it is called a mountain.
(a) block
(b) fold
(c) residual
(d) ancient
Answer:
(a) block

Question 11.
The area between two adjoining faults subsides, such area of subsidence is called
(a) rift valley
(b) block mountain
(c) fold mountain
(d) faulting
Answer:
(a) rift valley

Question 12.
Black Forest Mountain in Europe is a mountain.
(a) fold
(b) residual
(c) block
(d) ancient
Answer:
(c) block

Question 13.
The movements that give rise to continents are
(a) orogenic
(c) fold
(b) epeirogenic
(d) fault
Answer:
(b) epeirogenic

(Endogenetic Movements Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 )Tick in front of the correct option.

Question 1.
Which of these is a block mountain?
(a) Black forest mountain
(b) Alps
(c) Andes
Answer:
(a) Black forest mountain

Question 2.
Which type of volcano has eruptions regularly even during present times?
(a) Dormant
(b) Extinct
(c) Active
Answer:
(c) Active

Give one word for each of the following:

Question 1.
A volcano, where lava reaches the surface through a vent or a pipe.
Answer:
Central Vent Volcano

Question 2.
An instrument, which is used for recording earthquakes.
Answer:
Seismogram

Question 3.
The surface position immediately above the origin of an earthquake.
Answer:
Epicenter

Question 4.
An example of a volcanic plateau.
Answer:
Deccan Plateau.

Question 5.
An example of Conical volcanic mountains.
Answer:
Mt. Kilimanjaro

(Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Endogenetic Movements Questions And Answers ) Answer in one sentence each.

Question 1.
What are Endogenetic processes?
Answer:
Endogenetic processes are processes that originate internally in the Earth’s surface. E.g. earthquakes, volcanoes, continent building, mountain building etc.

Question 2.
What is a Richter scale?
Answer:
It is a scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake.

Question 3.
What is a Focus or Hypocentre?
Answer:
The point below the Earth’s surface where energy is released during an earthquake is called the focus of the earthquake.

Question 4.
What are Primary Waves?
Answer:
The earthquake waves that reach the surface of the Earth first, immediately after the energy is released in the interior of the Earth, are called Primary waves.

Question 5.
What are Secondary Waves?
Answer:
The earthquake waves reporting at the surface after the primary waves are called the secondary waves.

Question 6.
What are Surface Waves?
Answer:
Primary and secondary waves affect the surface on reaching it. As a result a new set of waves gets generated at the surface. These waves are called surface waves.

Question 7.
What are Plates?
Answer:
The parts of varying sizes of the Earth’s crust floating on the upper portion of the mantle are called plates.

Question 8.
What do you mean by an Epicentre?
Answer:
The point located on the surface of the Earth nearest to the focus is called the epicenter of the earthquake.

Question 9.
Explain Orogenic Movements
Answer:
The slow movements in the interior of the Earth that give rise to mountains are called orogenic movements (mountain building movements).

Question 10.
What is Folding1?
Answer:
As energy moves through the interior of the Earth, soft rocks are subjected to pressure leading to creation of folds called folding.

Question 11.
Define Fault.
Answer:
The fracture line created in a rock due to the energy waves moving away from each other is called a fault.

Question 12.
What is a Block Mountain?
Answer:
A raised portion of the crust between two parallel faults is called a block mountain.

Question 13.
What is a Rift valley?
Answer:
The area of subsidence between two adjoining faults is called a rift valley.

Question 14.
Explain Epeirogenic Movements.
Answer:
The Earth’s slow movements that give rise to continents and extensive plateaus are called epeirogenic movements.

Question 15.
Explain the process of Volcanic Eruption.
Answer:
A process in which hot solid, liquid and gaseous materials are thrown out from the mantle of the earth onto the surface of the earth, is called volcanic eruption.

Identify and name the internal movements.

Question 1.
Dust, smoke and mud with some lava coming out of Barren Island.
Answer:
Sudden Movement

Distinguish between:

Question 1.
Seismic Focus and Epicentre
Answer:

Seismic Focus	Epicenter
(i) The point below the surface where energy is released during an earthquake is called the seismic focus of the earthquake.	(i) The place on the surface which is directly above the focus and closest to it is called the epicenter.
(ii) From the seismic focus, an energy wave radiates in all directions.	(ii) Seismic waves reach the epicenter first and foremost and so its intensity is the maximum at this point.

Question 2.
Central Type Volcano and Fissure Type Volcano
Answer:

Central Type Volcano		Fissure Type Volcano
(i)	Lava is released through a pipe-like vent, hence it is called central type volcano.	(i)	Lava is released through a number of fissures or cracks, hence it is called fissure type volcano.
(ii)	The ejected material gets settled near the mouth of the central vent, giving rise to conical hills.	(ii)	The ejected material spreads on either side of the fissures and forms volcanic plateaus.
(iii)	e.g. Mt. Fujiyama of Japan, Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.	(iii)	e.g. the Deccan plateau of India

Question 3.
Orogenic Movements and Epeirogenic Movements
Answer:

Orogenic Movements	Epeirogemic Movements
(i) The movements that give rise to mountains are called Orogenic Movements.	(i) The movements that give rise to continents are called Epeirogenic Movements.
(ii) They lead to the formation of Fold mountains, Block mountains and Rift valleys.	(ii) They lead to the formation of continents and extensive plateaus.

Question 4.
Slow Internal Movements and Sudden Internal Movements
Answer:

Slow Internal Movements	Sudden Internal Movements
(i) The movements in the interior of the earth that are caused by continuous and slow release of energy are called slow internal movements	(i) The movements in the interior of the earth that are caused by the sudden release of energy on a large scale are called sudden internal movements.
(ii) Slow internal movements give rise to mountains and continents.	(ii) Sudden internal movements lead to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

Make friends with Maps!

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Examine the plate boundaries in the given map and write the names of the plates.
Answer:
North American Plate, South American Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, African Plate, Eurasian Plate, Pacific Plate, Antarctic Plate, Arabian Plate, Nazca Plate, Cocos Plate, Caribbean Plate, Scotia Plate, Arabian Plate and Somali Plate.

Question 2.
On which side of the continents of North and South America are the earthquake-prone zones located? Which mountains are located there?
Answer:
The earthquake-prone zone is located on the western side of North and South America. Rockies and Andes mountain ranges are located there.

Question 3.
In which mountainous zone in Asia does the earthquake-prone zone lie?
Answer:
The Himalayan mountainous zone of Asia is an earthquake-prone zone.

Question 4.
In which region are the volcanoes concentrated in Africa? What could be the reason?
Answer:
Volcanoes are concentrated in the eastern part of Africa along the Rift Valley region as this region is located on plate boundaries.

Question 5.
Correlate earthquake regions, distribution of volcanoes and plate boundaries.
Answer:
Plate boundaries are directly related to areas of earthquakes and volcanoes. Most of the volcanoes are located on the plate boundaries. Similarly, the earthquake zones are also seen in the border areas.

Give geographical reasons:

Question 1.
The secondary earthquake waves are very destructive.
Answer:

• Due to secondary earthquake waves, the grains in the rocks move up and down, that is, perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the waves.
• Therefore, secondary waves are very destructive.

Answer in brief:

Question 1.
Explain the types of volcanoes on the basis of their type of eruption, with examples.
Answer:
On the basis of the type of eruption, volcanoes can be divided into two types.
(i) Central-type or conical volcano:

• During eruption, the molten magma comes out through a pipe-like vent from inside the Earth’s surface. The lava spreads around the mouth of this vent, when it comes out.
•  Asa result, cone-shaped mountains start forming and conical volcanic mountains are formed.
• Mt. Fujiyama in Japan and Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania are examples of central-type volcanoes and conical mountains.

(ii) Fissure-type volcano:

• During eruption, when the magma comes out not from a single vent, but from many cracks (fissures), it is called fissure-type volcanic eruption.
• The molten material coming out with the eruption spreads on both the sides of the fissure. ;
• As a result, volcanic plateaus are formed.
• The Deccan Plateau of India has also been formed due to such a type of volcanic eruption.

Question 2.
Describe the changes that take place on the surface of the Earth, due to the movements taking place in the interior of the Earth.
Answer:
The changes taking place on the surface of the Earth, due to the internal movements of the Earth are as follows:

1. The soft rocks are subjected to pressure due to the energy released in the interior of the Earth. This leads to the development of folds.
2. If the pressure is very high, large scale folds are formed, and their complexity increases. As a result, the surface of the Earth gets uplifted and fold mountains are formed.
3. When the energy waves move away from each other, tension in the rock is developed. In hard rocks, the tension leads to faulting, when a portion between two parallel faults is raised up, block mountains are created.
4. Sometimes, when the portion between two parallel faults subsides, a rift valley is created.
5. Sometimes, an extensive portion is raised to form a continent or an extensive plateau.

Question 3.
How are continents and extensive plateaus formed?
Answer:

• The epeirogenic movements are responsible for the formation of continents.
• Slow movements occur towards the centre or from the Earth’s centre towards the Earth’s crust.
• Because of these movements, a vast part of the Earth’s crust is uplifted or gets subsided.
• When the part of the Earth’s crust is uplifted above the sea mean level, continents are formed.
• Therefore, these movements are called continent-building movements.
• Extensive plateaus can also be formed because of such movements.

Question 4.
What are the effects of volcanoes?
Answer:
The following are the effects of volcanoes:

• Loss of life and property.
• Sometimes tsunamis get generated due to volcanic eruptions occurring below ocean floors.
• Dust, smoke, ash, gases, water vapour, etc. remain in the atmosphere for a long time.
• This may create an imbalance in the environment.
• Land may become fertile due to volcanic ash.
• Many minerals are found near the earth’s surface because of lava.
• New land is formed due to volcanic eruption or at times, an island may even disappear.
• Lakes are formed at the mouth of the craters of dead volcanoes when rainwater accumulates in them.

Question 5.
Explain the process of the formation of Block mountains.
Answer:

• Because of internal movements, horizontal waves moving away from each other are formed.
• This causes tension on the layers of rocks leading to the formation of fractures in the rocks called as faults.
• Similarly, waves coming towards each other in hard rocks also form faults due to compression.
• When a part of the earth’s crust in between two parallel faults is lifted, it looks like a block. Such a landform is called as a Block mountain.
  

Question 6.
Explain the process of formation of Rift valley.
Answer:

• When horizontal movements on the earth’s surface act in opposite direction, it causes tension on the rocks in the earth’s crust.
• When tension increases, fractures develop in the rocks leading to the formation of faults.
• Consequently, rocks on both the ends slide and the continuity in the layers of rocks is not found.
• Sometimes, two fractures develop side-by-side in the earth’s crust and land in between the two fractures subsides. This subsided deep part is called the rift valley.
  

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.3 Silver Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.3 Silver

My English Coursebook Std 9 Guide Chapter 4.3 Silver Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!
Chit-chat

1. Have you ever attended a sky-watch or a star-gazing party?
2. Have you ever slept under the open sky?
3. Do you study at night or early in the morning?
4. Do you sleep with your windows closed or open?

Images

Question 1.
Imagine that your class is to be divided into groups or houses. Each house will have their own colour, symbol, dress code, sport, motto, a common room with objects of their interest and suitable furniture. Think of sets of four names for the groups. Form groups and work out the (imaginary) details for each set. Some suggestions are given here:

Answer:

Category	Names
Metals	iron	copper	silver	gold
Flowers	orchid	lily	jasmine	bluebell
Stars or galaxies	Sirius	Conopus	Alphard	Procyon
Trees	sal	neem	deodar	chinar
Seasons	spring	summer	winter	monsoon

Deodar House

• Colour – Pink
• Symbol – Rose
• Dress code – pink shirt/top

Common room to have:

Two chairs with small round table to sit and study, two cupboards with books to read, newspapers, magazines, sofa to rest, vase in corner, pink background to the room, room freshener.

• Sports: Rugby
• Motto: Unity is strength.

[The answers given above are for reference, students are expected to do this activity in the class.]

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 4.3 Silver Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the poem:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. The moon and the mouse are only the moving objects in the poem.
2. Everything appears silver in the poem because of the silver moonlight.
3. The moon walks in the night in her silver shoes.

Question 2.
Complete the following web with the names of the things that appear silver in the moonlight: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Which of the objects, animals, etc. in the poem are at rest without any motion?
Answer:
The fruits, trees, casements, thatch, kennel, dog, cote, doves, fish, reeds and the stream are the objects, animals, etc. in the poem that are at rest without any movement.

Question 2.
In which line does the word silver/silvery in the poem occur? What pattern does it show?
Answer:
The word silver/silvery occurs in the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, twelfth, and fourteenth line of the poem. The word silver/silvery is used in even numbered lines and not in the odd numbered lines in the entire poem. It adds uniformity and rhythm to the poem.

Poetic device Activities:

Question 1.
Write down the musical (rhyming) words from the poem.
Answer:
The musical (rhyming) words used in the poem are:

1. moon – shoon
2. sees – trees
3. catch – thatch
4. log – dog
5. peep – sleep
6. by – eye
7. gleam – stream.

Question 2.
Write down the rhyming scheme of the poem.
Answer:
The rhyming scheme for the first two stanzas is aahb. The rhyme scheme of the final stanza is aabbcc.

Appreciation of Poem:

1. Title: The title of the poem is “Silver”.
2. Poet: The poet of the poem is Walter de la Mare (1873-1956).

3. Theme/Central Idea: The poem is about a moonlit night. The silvery light of the moon covers the whole earth and everything on it looks silvery. The poem stands out for its rich visual imagery.

4. Rhyme Scheme: The rhyme scheme for the first two stanzas is ‘aabb’. The rhyme scheme for the final stanza is ‘aabbcc’.

5. Figure of Speech: Simile, Personification.

6. Special Feature: This poem is very rich in its visual imagery. The poem rolls out before us like a landscape painting. A dense silence runs through the poem. The moon and the mouse are the only moving objects in the poem. The rest of the things mentioned in the poem are at rest in their silvery beauty.

7. Favourite Line: My favourite lines from the poem are:

• “…she peers, and sees/Silver fruit upon silver trees.”
• Couched in his kennel, like a log, With paws of silver sleeps the dog;

8. Why I like the poem: I like the poem for its pleasing rhyme scheme ‘aabb’. I also like the great sound effect the poem produces when we read it aloud.

Activity:

Question 1.
If you were asked to draw a detailed picture of the scene described in the poem, what objects, animals, natural features, etc. will you show in the picture? Make a list.
Answer:
If I was asked to draw a detailed picture of the scene described in the poem, the objects, the picture are:

1. rabbit
2. icy mountains
3. white dog
4. hut
5. river
6. swan
7. racket
8. mirror

Question 2.
Can you think of a parallel animals, natural features, etc. that I would show in dawn/evening when everything is steeped in golden light?
Answer:
Yes, in the evening, the sun sinks below the horizon to set. As it goes lower and lower its dark – orange – crimson rays spread across the sky and the surroundings steep in gold light. It brings an awesome scenery to view.

Question 3.
The same landscape appears different at different times. What message can we draw from this?
Answer:
Two different interpretations can be made from the given sentence:

• A person/an object can have multiple characteristics that reveal in different situations.
• Perception of the same thing may vary from person to person.
• PFC Pivot Point Calculator

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.2 Reading Works of Art Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.2 Reading Works of Art

My English Coursebook Std 9 Guide Chapter 4.2 Reading Works of Art Textbook Questions and Answers

English Workshop:

1. Spot the error in the spellings of the following words with reference to the passage and rewrite them correctly.

Question 1.
Spot the error in the spellings of the following words with reference to the passage and rewrite them correctly.

1. renouned
2.  feetures
3. pentmgs
4. circals
5. inflar
6. geometic
7. figars
8. achiving.

Answer:

1. renowned
2. features
3. paintings
4. circles
5. inner
6. geometric
7. figures
8. achieving.

2. Complete the following diagram:

Question 1.
Complete the following diagram:

Answer:

3. Complete the following sentences with reference to the passage:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences with reference to the passage:
(a) Raza’s paintings do not depict …………………. .
(b) Raza’s paintings are done in the style ……………… .
(c) Raza’s paintings are not inspired by ………………. .
(d) Raza’s paintings present images from his own …………….. .
(e) Raza’s paintings radiate ……………. .
(f) The …………….. became the core of Raza’s paintings.
(g) For an artist like Raza, his work, or paintings are an effective …………………. .
Answer:
(a) Raza’s paintings do not depict lifelike human figures or copies of scenes.
(b) Raza’s paintings are done in the abstract style.
(c) Raza’s paintings are not inspired by any external factor.
(d) Raza’s paintings present images from his own inner mind.
(e) Raza’s paintings radiate peace.
(f) The bindu or point became the core of Raza’s paintings.
(g) For an artist like Raza, his work, or paintings are an effective medium of communication.

4. Read the passage on ‘Gond Art’ carefully. Then complete the following sentences without going back to the passage:

Question 1.
Read the passage on ‘Gond Art’ carefully. Then complete the following sentences without going back to the passage:
Answer:

1. Gond art is a tribal art.
2. The Gondi language is similar to Telugu, a Dravidian language.
3. Originally people used to draw pictures on the earthen walls of their houses.
4. In folk arts, you yourself prepare the ‘canvas’ – the surface on which to draw and the colours with which you draw.

5. Write about the following important features of Gond art with the help of the passage.

Question 1.
Write about the following important features of Gond art with the help of the passage.

Answer:
1. Developed and Preserved by: The Gond tribal people residing largely in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha in India.
2. A medium of: It is a medium of expressing, recording and preserving what is seen. people used to draw pictures on earthen walls of their homes itself.
3. Preparing colours: In the days of the past several things in nature such as soil of different shades, the juice of plants, leaves, tree bark, flowers, fruits and even things like coal and cow-dung were used to prepare colours.
4. Outlines: In the Gond style of art, the designs may vary a little from artist to artist but the designs that fill it make the whole picture look lively and attractive.
5. Variation in drawing: The colours, textures and patterns used in drawing vary from painting to painting.
6. Texture designs: By using dots, straight lines, dotted lines, curvy shapes and circles simple texture designs are made.

6. Why does the author think that the roots of folk art lie in women’s chores?

Question 1.
Why does the author think that the roots of folk art lie in women’s chores?
Answer:
In the past, it was the duty of women to look after her home and hearth. It included decorating the house with different things like flowers, rangolis. They handled it very creatively while shouldering the other responsibilities of their home. They used their own creativity while doing it, so the author thinks that the roots of folk art lies in women’s chores.

7. From the passages, list the words related to – (a) geometry (b) colours (c) designs.

Question (a)
geometry
Answer:

Question (b)
colours
Answer:

Question (c)
designs.
Answer:
human figures, scenes, abstract.

8. These two passages are examples of a short introduction to works of art – a short review. They cover the following points:

Question 1.
These two passages are examples of a short introduction to works of art – a short review. They cover the following points:
Answer:

1. The name of the creator
2. The theme or subject matter
3. Type of art
4. Individual style
5. Presentation techniques
6. Its effect on viewers
7. Message or interpretation

Question 2.
What points will you include if you had to review a book or film or a play? List the points.
Answer:
If I had to review a book, a film or play, I would like to include the following points:

1. The theme of the book/film/play.
2. The plot and the story.
3. The characters in the book/film/play.
4. Flow of language and style of narration.
5. Authenticity of the book/film/play (story).
6. The message conveyed in the book/film/play.

Question 3.
Choose a book/film and review it in short using the points you have listed.
Answer:
Review of the book

The Three Mistakes of My Life

‘The Three Mistakes of My Life’ is a novel written by Chetan Bhagat who writes about Indians and for Indians. His characters are young and passionate. The novel follows the story of three friends and is based in the city of Ahmedabad in Gujarat.

Govind Jaat Patel is an ordinary guy with whom anybody can relate. Being a Gujarati his ambition is to become a businessman. His friend is Omi who is the son of a Hindu priest of the local temple. He is confused about his religious views which are mainly influenced by Bitoo Mama. Ishan is a big cricket freak and a patriot.

He was the best cricketer in his locality and school. He helps Govind’s business by organizing daily cricket coaching camps. He has a younger sister Vidya who is weak in Mathematics. Ishan asks Govind to take her Mathematics tuition. In between their tuition, they fall in love which is kept secret.

The whole story revolves around Govind and his friends and the three mistakes he made. It is pop- fiction of lightest, laziest sort, which tackles serious real-life issues and incidents giving it a veneer of earnest thoughtfulness that stands up to nothing. It is written simply and has the quality that makes one want to read the book in one sitting. The target audience of the book is the young generation. It is based on fun, emotion and pace to turn it into a potential best-seller.

9. You know that an adverb is a word that tells us something more about a verb, an adjective, another adverb etc. It can give us information about the place, time, manner etc. of the action denoted by the verb.

For example, ‘here’ tells us a place. ‘Now’ gives us information about time. ‘Fast’ gives us information about manner. In the same way, an adverb clause is a group of words that can also tell us something about place, time, manner etc. of the action denoted by the verb. Read the following examples, given and then complete the sentence using your own ideas:

Question (a)
Place: You may sit wherever you like.
You may sit ………………………………..
Answer:
(a) Place: You may sit wherever you like.
You may sit next to Ishan.

Question (b)
Time: I entered the school when the bell was ringing.
I entered the school ……………………..
Answer:
(b) Time: I entered the school when the bell was ringing.
I entered the school with my classmates.

Question (c)
Manner: I love my country like a true Indian should.
I love my country………………………….
Answer:
(c) manner: I love my country like a true Indian should.
I like my country more than you.

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 4.2 Reading Works of Art Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Name the following:
Answer:

1. The state where Raza was born – Madhya Pradesh
2. The institute where he studied art – Chitrakala Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur
3. The institute where he took his higher education in Mumbai – J. J. School of Art, Mumbai
4. The country he settled – France

Question 2.
Complete the following web :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences with reference to the passage: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. Raza passed away on 23rd July 2016.
2. Raza’s wife was French.

Question 4.
Complete the following web-chart:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
How did Raza And his paintings?
Answer:
Raza found his paintings through the study of Indian art and its heritage, cultural context and philosophy.

Question 2.
What are the specialities of Raza’s paintings?
Answer:
The specialities of Raza’s paintings are:

1. His paintings belong to the abstract style of paintings.
2. They are not inspired by any external factor whereas based on inner mind of the painter.
3. They communicate with the viewers.

Question 3.
What are Raza’s paintings based on? How did he describe his work?
Answer:
Raza’s paintings are based on spirituality, metaphysical path and the bindu or point. He described his work as his own inner experience and involvement with the mysteries of nature and form, which is expressed in colour, line, space and light.

Question 4.
What legacy did Raza leave behind?
Answer:
Raza left behind a rich legacy of sensitive paintings (achieved through extraordinary compositions of lines and colours) that depict extraordinary compositions.

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. In the Gond style of art, outlines may vary from artist to artist but the designs that fill it make the whole picture look lively and attractive.
2. The designs in Gond style art contain simple textures of dots, straight lines, dotted lines, curvy shapes and circles.

Activities based on vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out antonyms from the passage for the following words: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. outer × inner
2. city × village
3. ordinary × extraordinary
4. international × national

Question 2.
Spot the error in the spelling of the following words and rewrite them correctly:
1. dicided
2. diffarent
Answer:
1. decided
2. different.

Question 3.
Write related words with “Artist”.
Answer:
design, outlines, picture, texture, pattern, style.

Activities based on contextual grammar:

Question 1.
Identify the tense:
1. You will find them in almost all paintings.
2. Raza found his paintings through his study of Indian art.
Answer:
1. Simple future tense
2. Simple past tense

Question 2.
Frame a Wh-type question to get underlined part as an answer:
Answer:
1. His paintings belong to the abstract style of paintings.
2. Sayed Haider Raza is popularly known as Raza.
Answer:
1. What do his paintings belong to?
2. What is Sayed Haider Raza popularly known as?

Question 3.
Change the voice:
1. He was honoured with all the three Padma awards – Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan.
2. Raza left behind a legacy of sensitive paintings.
Answer:
1. The Government of India honoured him with all the three Padma awards – Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Vibhushan.
2. A legacy of sensitive paintings was left behind by Raza.

Question 4.
Make the following sentences exclamatory:
1. His paintings are very expressive.
2. Raza had a great creativity.
Answer:
1. How expressive his paintings are!
2. What a great creativity Raza had!

Question 5.
What a deep thought this art conveys! (Make it assertive.)
Answer:
This art conveys a very deep thought.

Question 6.
Creating folk art is a very enriching experience. (Make it exclamatory.)
Answer:
What an enriching experience creating folk art is!

Question 7.
Complete the words using correct letters:

1. s_ene
2. st _ le
3. pa_nt
4. c_ eate

Answer:

1. scene
2. style
3. paint
4. create.

Question 8.
Copy the following sentences correctly:
Answer:
1. He studied art at the J. J. School of Art in Mumbai.
2. What a deep thought this art conveys – and so easily !

Question 9.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:
1. vicious, dreadful, thrilled, favourable
2. enchanted, enabled, explained, endangered.
Answer:
1. dreadful, favourable, thrilled, vicious,
2. enabled, enchanted, endangered, explained,

Question 10.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. ariel my joyful spirit said prospero bring ferdinand here at once for my daughter must see him
2. most sure she is the goddess of the island he thought to himself
Answer:
1. “Ariel, my joyful spirit,” said Prospero. “Bring Ferdinand here at once, for my daughter must see him.”
2. “Most sure, she is the goddess of the island!” he thought to himself.

Question 11.
Write four small words (minimum letters each) using the letters given word: “treacherous”
Answer:

1. teacher
2. reach
3. each
4. ache.

Question 12.
Spot the error and rewrite the correct sentences:
1. Prospero touch Miranda with his magic stick and she fell fast asleep.
2. How happy Alonso was to saw his lost son !
Answer:
1. Prospero touched Miranda with his magic stick and she fell fast asleep.
2. How happy Alonso was to see his lost son !

Question 13.
Write related words as shown in the example: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 14.
Complete the following word-chain of verbs. Write four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:
explore → ……………… → ………………. → ……………… → ………………….
Answer:
explore → eliminate → embrace → evaluate → emerge.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Make a meaningful sentence by using the following phrase in your own sentence.
‘to settle down’.
Answer:
It is pretty difficult to settle down in cities like Mumbai.

Question 2.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words and use any one of the root words in your own sentence:
1. rich
2. effect.
Answer:
1. rich-enrich
2. effect-effective.
The painter has used rich attractive colour combinations in his painting.

Question 3.
Add a subordinate clause to expand the sentence meaningfully:
You can see my paintings ………………………..
Answer:
You can see my paintings when vou come to mv house.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Write 4-5 sentences about any other Indian painter you like.
Answer:
M. F. Husain is my favourite modern painter who was born in Pandharpur town of Maharashtra. He is one of the most famous artists of India both at the national as well as the international level. M. F. Husain was once called ‘the Picasso of India’ by the Forbes magazine. The Government of India awarded the prestigious Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan for his work.

Question 2.
What are the essential things required to become a good painter?
Answer:
The essential things that are required to become a good painter are :

1. interest in painting
2. a good concentration skill
3. capacity to sit for a long time at one place
4. good eyesight
5. imagination
6. the knowledge of mixing colours.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.1 Comparisons Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.1 Comparisons

My English Coursebook Std 9 Digest Chapter 2.1 Comparisons Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

• What is your favourite colour?
• What does it remind you of?
• Are you afraid of the dark?
• What does it make you think of?
• If you were asked to design a big garden, what will you include in it?

Expanding Word Webs:

Question 1.
Form pairs. List the names of as many vehicles as you can. Choose any two of them, but they must be of different types. Then draw a word web for each of them to show their appearance, qualities and the things that these features remind you of. You may use words as well as phrases in the web.

Answer:
Words that can be used in Word-web:

1. terrific
2. brand-new
3. sleek
4. tiny/huge
5. powerful
6. affordable
7. expensive
8. easy-to-drive
9. eco-friendly
10. luxurious – arrows.
11. fuel-efficient
12. automatic
13. lefthand drive
14. fastest
15. imported

Name of the vehicles:

1. bicycle
2. bullock-cart
3. car
4. bus
5. truck
6. motorcycle
7. scooter
8. boat
9. ship
10. train
11. helicopter
12. aeroplane.

Choose any two of above vehicles and write related

Question 2.
Note the difference between drive and ride. Use the two words correctly in your own sentences :
Answer:

1. Ride – to sit on and be carried by an animal or a two wheeler.
   Sentence – I don’t like to ride on a camel.
2. Drive – to sit in a vehicle and force to go in some directions.
   Sentence – My father drives the car with full speed.

Question 3.
Describe your dream vehicle in a few lines :
Answer:
Flying car is my dream vehicle. It will fly in the air. It will fly fast and save our time. There will be no traffic jam problem. No need to construct roads for it. It will save fuel and will be eco-friendly.

English Workshop:

1. List all the adjectives in the poem. Use the comparative forms of at least 8 of them to write new comparisons. Two of them have been given as examples.

Question 1.
List all the adjectives in the poem. Use the comparative forms of at least 8 of them to write new comparisons. Two of them have been given as examples.
Answer:

1. as rapid as spaceship
2. as tough as snail
3. as dangerous as dinosaur
4. as brave as tiger
5. as nice as lamb
6. as yellow as lemon
7. as delicious as jam
8. as hot as desert
9. as deep as sea
10. as fine as house
11. as green as pea
12. as dark as cave
13. as crunchy as toast
14. as heavy as road drill
15. as fearful as ghost

2. List all the nouns in the poem. Find a suitable adjective – other than the ones given here – for each of the nouns and write meaningful similes for at least 8 of them.
For example, as yellow as a lemon.

Question 1.
List all the nouns in the poem. Find a suitable adjective – other than the ones given here – for each of the nouns and write meaningful similes for at least 8 of them.
For example, as yellow as a lemon.
Answer:

1. as useful as ore
2. as lovely as a kitten
3. as stable as a rock
4. as warm as a mitten
5. as narrow as tunnel
6. as cute as an elf
7. as tricky as a mountain path
8. as safe as shelf

3. Form groups of 6-8. Think of similes using different objects, for example,
Dry as land, Wet as a puddle.
Now try to put together the similes to make a poem with rhyming lines.

Question 1.
Form groups of 6-8. Think of similes using different objects, for example,
Dry as land, Wet as a puddle.
Now try to put together the similes to make a poem with rhyming lines.

4. Write the pairs of rhyming words.

Question 1.
Write the pairs of rhyming words.
Answer:

1. kitten – mitten
2. moon – noon
3. elf – shelf
4. shelf – yourself.
5. snail – nail
6. lamb – jam
7. sea – pea
8. toast – ghost.

5. Start a collection of idioms with comparisons. Use the following categories:

Question 1.
Start a collection of idioms with comparisons. Use the following categories:
Answer:
(a) idioms with colours:

1. as black as coal
2. as white as snow
3. as red as blood
4. as blue as the sky
5. as green as an emerald
6. as pink as a rose
7. as yellow as gold
8. as orange as a pumpkin
9. as brown as a coffee bean

(b) Idioms with animals:

1. as cunning as a fox
2. as brave as a lion
3. as hairy as a gorilla
4. as hungry as a horse

(c) Idioms with objects:

1. as black as coal
2. as soft as butter
3. as light as cotton

6. Given below are some idiomatic comparisons with ‘like’. Can you guess their meaning? Look them up in a good dictionary. You won’t find them under ‘like’.
Which words will you look up to find these comparisons?

• Like a bull in a china shop (Here, china means delicate articles of porcelain)
• Like a cat on a hot tin roof.
• Like a red rag to a bull.
• Like a cat that stole the cream.
• Like water off a duck’s back.
• Memory like a sieve.

Using your imagination write more comparisons using ‘like’.

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 2.1 Comparisons Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following extract and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Read the extract and complete the following by choosing the correct alternative:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. While comparing a spaceship with a snail, the narrator used speed, as a common feature in both. (speed/weight)
2. Square and round are shapes, commonly used to compare, (shapes/objects)

Question 2.
Match the following:

‘A’	‘B’
1. big	(a) toast
2. fierce	(b) desert
3. dry	(c) cave
4. warm	(d)  dinosaur
	(e)  tiger

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. big	(d)  dinosaur
2. fierce	(e)  tiger
3. dry	(b) desert
4. warm	(a) toast

Question 3.
Answer in 1-2 words:
Answer:

1. How is a mountain path? – crooked
2. What is the world full of? – opposites
3. What is hard and what is soft? – a rock, a mitten
4. What is commonly compared in a giant and an elf? – height

Question 4.
Match the following :

‘A’	‘B’
1. dark	(a) elf
2. hard	(b) ox
3. strong	(c) cool
4. short	(d) rock
	(e) tunnel

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. dark	(e) tunnel
2. hard	(d) rock
3. strong	(b) ox
4. short	(a) elf

Complex Factual Activity:

Question 1.
Complete the following:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. According to the poet a spaceship is fast whereas a snail is slow.
2. The poet says a road drill is noisy and a ghost is quiet.

Appreciation of Poem:

1. Title: The title of the poem is ‘Comparisons’.
2. Poet: The poem is by an anonymous (= unknown) poet.

3. Theme/Central Idea: The central idea of the poem is given in the last but one line of the poem. The poem celebrates the diversity in the universe. The poem also reminds us that all sorts of people and things are needed to make our world beautiful.

4. Rhyme Scheme: The rhyme Scheme of first six stanzas is ‘abcb’. The last stanza has six lines and its rhyme scheme is ‘abcbdb’.
5. Figure of Speech: Similes.

6. Special Features: The structural quality is a special feature of this poem. The quatrain stanzas and their ‘abcb’ rhyme scheme flows with the force of ballad. Here, in the conclusive two lines, the pace of the poem slows down and poet’s argument sinks deep down in our hearts.
7. Favourite line: The world is full of opposites, so think of some yourself.

8. Why I like the poem: I like this poem because it made me think for the first time the extreme diversity in the world around me. I think the poem helped me in looking at the world around me in a different light.

Vocabulary Focus:

Question 1.
Write adjectives/words used here, to show – shape, size, temperature:
Answer:

• shape – round, square
• size – big, small
• temperature – dry, wet.

Question 2.
List all the adjectives in the poem. Use the comparative forms to write new comparisons:
Answer:
1. (a) faster than the wind
(b) slower than a tortoise

2. (a) bigger than my brother
(b) smaller than my sister

3. (a) fiercer than a giant
(b) gentler than a butler

4. (a) cooler than ice
(b) warmer than a sweater

5. (a) sourer than tamarind
(b) sweeter than mango

6. (a) noisier than a machine
(b) quieter than a cave.

7. (a) stronger than a tiger
(b) weaker than a rabbit

8. (a) taller than a tree
(b) shorter than plant

9. (a) darker than night
(b) lighter than tubelight

10. (a) harder than a stone
(b) softer than butter

11. (a) crooked than hillroad
(b) straighter than a railway line

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 1.5 The Necklace Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 1.5 The Necklace

My English Coursebook Std 9 Digest Chapter 1.5 The Necklace Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

• Do you like jewellery and ornaments?
• Do you like to dress up for special occasions?
• How do you do that?
• What makes a person happy and confident’?
• during special functions and parties?

Talking about Myself:

Write a few lines about yourself – your name, appearance. family, the place where you live, your school, your friends. neighbours. relatives, your likes, dislikes, hobbies, what you are good at, etc.

Now create an imaginary ‘persona’ for yourself. It should be quite different from your real self. Or, you may choose a fictional character – a character from a novel, story, etc. Write a few lines about this imaginary persona and introduce yourself in that role.

Imaginary Persona

• Hi, I am Vishalbahu.
• I like to obstruct and punish criminals.
• I simply love stunts and fights.
• I enjoy flying secretly all over the world.
• I don’t like people who trouble common people.
• I hate crimes and injustice caused to innocent people.
• I find exercises, combats very interesting.
• I can do any impossible things in the world.
• I am good at every difficult or hard work.
• I am not so good at office work and housework.

A Turn by Turn Story:

Form groups of 6-8. One person chooses any familiar object and announces its name in the group. All the others talk about it one by one, adding one (new) complete sentence at a time. The person who has chosen the object takes down all the sentences. After 2-3 rounds, read the sentences together and try to build a story around them.

Part I

English Workshop:

1. Read each of the following sentences aloud. Write who said it and to whom.

Question 1.
(a) Look. here’s something for you.”
(b) “Why. the dress you go to the theater in!”
(c) ‘I would rather not go to the party.”
(d) ‘Choose, my dear.”
(e) You have nothing else?”
(f) “Would you lend me this, just this?”
(g) “What ! … How ! … That’s impossible!
Answer:
(b) Mathilde’s husband said to Mathilde.
(c) Mathilde said to her husband.
(d) Madame Forestier said this to Mathilde.
(e) Mathilde said this to Madame Forestier.
(f) Mathilde said this to Madame Forestier.
(g) Mathilde’s husband said this to Mathilde.

2. Read the conversations in the story aloud using proper intonation.

Question 1.
Read the conversations in the story aloud using proper intonation.

3. Write a few lines about what Mathilde had and what she dreamt about.

Question 1.
Write a few lines about what Mathilde had and what she dreamt about.

4. Write what you think about the following thoughts and actions of Mathilde.

Question a.
Mathilde was beautiful, and so she wanted to marry an aristocrat.
Answer:
She was not wrong to think so, because I think every woman, beautiful or not, wants to marry a person, who has a good position and wealth.

Question b.
Mathilde was sad because she did not get any luxuries.
Answer:
Her thinking was not correct. Not every one gets a luxurious life. She should have managed in whatever they were earning and lived a simple but happy life.

Question c.
Mathilde felt that her house was shabby and poorly furnished.
Answer:
Her feelings are wrong because it depends on the people who live in the house to keep the house clean, tidy and beautiful with whatever furniture, things they have got.

Question d.
Mathilde wanted other people to envy her.
Answer:
Mathilde’s thought was wrong because happiness does not depend on making the people envy you. She wished that people would have admired her if she had rich dresses and jewels.

Question e.
Mathilde was not happy to see the invitation.
Answer:
Mathilde did not care about the importance of the invitation, her husband had received. She was thinking only about the dress she would wear there.

Question f.
Mathilde wanted a new dress for herself.
Answer:
Mathilde wanted a new dress for herself only to selfishly corner her husband for extorting money from him to buy a new dress. Her thought was silly and unreasonable.

Question g.
Mathilde borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend and wore it to the party.
Answer:
Borrowing a diamond necklace was not a dire need of Mathilde. She could have used flowers instead; but she wanted another woman’s necklace to make a show of her beauty. She did not understand that borrowing is begging.

Question h.
Mathilde lost her necklace.
Answer:
Mathilde was so overwhelmed and captivated by her success that she was not aware of her responsibility of safe-keeping the borrowed necklace carefully. She lost it only because of her carelessness.

5. Prepare a formal invitation using the following format:

Language Study:

6. Read the phrases: The necklace, an error, all these things, another woman, one evening, her husband. In all these phrases we see some words used before the nouns. They specify or make it clear what noun we are talking about. These words that are used at the beginning of a noun phrase are known as determiners.
Determiners include articles (a, an, the), possessive pronouns (my, our, your, her, etc.), words like this, that, much, many, all, and numbers.

Part II

Chit-chat:

• Have you ever lost anything valuable?
• Name a book/movie that made you think.
• What was it about?
• What was the best part about the book/movie?

English Workshop:

1. Spot and circle the error m the following sentences. Then rewrite the sentences after correcting them.

Question 1.
Spot and circle the error m the following sentences. Then rewrite the sentences after correcting them.
(a) But they could not found it.
(b) You must right to your friend.
(c) At the end of one week, they have lose all hope.
(d) He would borrowed the rest.
(e) You should have return it sooner.
(f) And this life lasted for ten year.
(g) “No, I am Mathilde bisel.”
(h) Madame Forestier were stunned.
Answer:
(a) But they could not find it.
(b) You must write to your friend.
(c) At the end of one week, they have lost all hope.
(d) They stared at each other
(e) He would borrow the rest.
(f) You should have returned it sooner.
(g) And this life lasted ten years.
(h) “No, I am Mathilde Loisel.”
(i) Madame Forestier was stunned.

2. Complete the following table.

Question 1.
Complete the following table.

3. Write what you think about the following thoughts and actions of Mathilde

Question a.
Mathilde was shocked despaired over the loss of her necklace
Answer:
I think her reaction to the loss of her necklace was natural. But she herself was responsible for the tragedy. Her stubborn behaviour is to be blamed for the loss.

Question b.
Mathilde wrote a note to her friend as dictated by her husband.
Answer:
The couple couldn’t find the lost necklace even after a long search. They expected to find it some day. For that they needed some more time and Mathilde was compelled to write the false letter to I her friend. Her action of telling lies and betraying her friend was immoral and ridiculous.

Question c.
Mathilde and her husband decided to replace the necklace.
Answer:
I think that their decision of replacing the necklace was immature and insincere. Instead, they should have clearly and openly told Madame Forestier about the incident. It could have saved them from the horrible life they had to face and the dreadful debt they had to pay.

Question d.
Mathilde returned the diamond necklace to her friend
Answer:
I think, it was her moral responsibility to return the borrowed diamond necklace immediately after the party day but she delayed. She did so to hide the fact that she had lost the diamond necklace. Her negligence made her to make one more wrong.

Question e.
Mathilde did not tell her friend about the loss and replacement.
Answer:
It was another big mistake she committed. It was her thoughtless action. Had she told her friend about the loss of the necklace, further ruinous incidents wouldn’t have occurred and the remedy for the problem would have been very simple and easy.

Question f.
Mathilde worked very very hard to pay the debt.
Answer:
Mathilde’s action shows that she was a completely transformed woman. She had changed her attitude towards her lifestyle. She forgot her dreams of living a luxurious life. She worked hard and saved money for repaying the debt. She felt duty-bound for coming out of the devastating situation, she was responsible for.

Question g.
Mathilde and her husband paid off the debt in ten years.
Answer:
The income of Mathilde’s husband was meagre. So both of them worked very hard for ten long years to save money for repaying the debt. They curtailed their needs severely, her husband worked extra to ease the burden of debt. Somehow they faced the woes together bravely and sincerely.

4. Form pairs. Discuss how ‘Part II’ of the story could have been different. Write your storyline in the form of bullets showing the main events.

Question 1.
Form pairs. Discuss how ‘Part II’ of the story could have been different. Write your storyline in the form of bullets showing the main events.
Answer:
The cabman, who dropped them at their door found the necklace after two days while cleaning his cab → behind the space of the seats → fallen from the gaps of the seats → remembered the lady wearing the necklace → was an honest and God-fearing man → went to their house →handed over the necklace to them → it could have changed the whole story.

5. Imagine what must have happened after Mathilde’s friend discovered that the diamonds were real. Do you think she would return it to Mathilde? Would that make Mathilde happy?

Question 1.
Imagine what must have happened after Mathilde’s friend discovered that the diamonds were real. Do you think she would return it to Mathilde? Would that make Mathilde happy?
Answer:
Mathilde’s friend was rich but a kind-hearted and generous woman. She knew that Mathilde had to face many miseries for ten years. I think she would return the necklace to Mathilde. Mathilde would be happy to find some relief after ruinous sufferings.

6. Discuss the following and write about it in your own words in 5-6 lines.

Question 1.
Discuss the following and write about it in your own words in 5-6 lines.
(a) What would you do, if something like this happens to you?
(b) What opinion do you form about Mathilde’s husband from lier story?
(c) Which events in the story (Part I and Part II) changed Mathilde’s life?
Answer:
(Use the following points to write your answers.)
(a) Points:

• would go to friend and explain-
• would ask for time to return the money for the necklace –
• since friend rich, she may have accepted the idea.)

(b) Points:

• Husband
• good – kind – supportive
• considerate – a very nice human being.

(c) Points :

• Invitation to party – borrowing the necklace
• losing the necklace – returning the necklace by borrowing money

Language study:

7. Read the table of verb forms given below.

Question 1.
Read the table of verb forms given below.

The base form is used as an infInitive: You may go. She will go.
in orders: Go home. and in the simple present tense: I go to school. We go
home. Do you go there every day? The children/They go up, etc.
Note that we use the ‘-s form’ with ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, third-person singular subjects to show the simple present.
The past tense form has ‘-ed’ at the end. But many commonly used verbs have different past tense forms. Examples: Came, went, spoke.
. The ‘-ing’ form is known as the present participle. It is used with forms of ‘be’ to show continuous action – Examples: I am eating. You were eating. She was eating.
It is also used in certain constructions like He sat copying a manuscript.

The past participle used with forms of ‘have’ shows completed action – Examples: I have eaten. They have come, etc.
It is also used in certain constructions like ‘They looked at each other, stunned!’
It is also used in passive constructions. We will learn about ‘passive voice’ later.

Make a table of verb forms for your own reference. Try to arrange the verbs in alphabetical order. Keep adding new verbs to your table from time to time. When you write, check your work to see whether you have used the correct verb form.

Question 1.
Read the different following information about different forms of verbs:
Answer:
1. The base form is used as an infinitive: You may go. She will go.
In orders: Go home. And in simple present tense: I go to school. We go home. Do you go there every day? The children/They go up, etc.

2. Note that we use the e-s form’ with ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, third person singular subjects to show
the simple present.

3. The past tense form has ‘-ed’ at the end. But many commonly used verbs have different past tense forms. Examples: came, went, spoke.

4. The ‘-ing’ form is known as the present participle. It is used with forms of ‘be’ to show continuous action – Examples: I am eating. You were eating. She was eating. It is also used in certain constructions like : He sat copying a manuscript.

5. The past participle used with forms of ‘have’ shows completed action.
Examples: I have eaten. They have come, etc.
It is also used in certain constructions like ‘They looked at each other, stunned!’

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 1.5 The Necklace Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities :

Simple Factual Activities :

Question 1.
Say whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:

1. Mathilde was married to a big officer at the Ministry of Education. – False
2. Mathilde’s former schoolmate was very rich. – True
3. Mathilde had rich dresses, jewels and everything that she loved. – False
4. Mathilde was happy with the invitation brought by her husband – False

Question 2.
Who said to whom? Complete the table :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Dialogue	Who said	To whom
1. “Here’s something for you.”	Mathilde’s husband	Mathilde
2. “What do you want me to do with that?”	Mathilde	Mathilde’s husband

Question 3.
What did the envelope hold?
Answer:
The envelope held an invitation from the Minister of Education and Mme. Georges Rampouneau to Mr and Mrs. Loisel.

Question 4.
State whether the following statements ) are True or False :
Answer:

1. Mathilde’s husband suggested her to wear the dress she wore when she went to the theatre. – True
2. Mathilde was upset for three days because she had no good dress to wear. – False
3. Mathilde was ready to wear flowers. – False
4. She demanded four hundred francs for her dress. – True

Question 5.
Write who said it and to whom :
“But I don’t know what you like.”
Answer:
Madame Forestier said this to Mathilde.

Question 6.
Choose the correct option from the brackets and complete the sentences :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Mathilde went to Madame Forestier. (The jeweller/Madame Forestier)
2. Madame Forestier took out a large box from her mirrored wardrobe. (large box/necklace)
3. Mathilde tried on the jewellery in the mirror. (dress/jewellery)
4. Mathilde discovered a diamond necklace in Madame Forestier’s large box. (a black satin box/a diamond necklace)

Question 7.
What did Madame Forestier’s large box contain?
Answer:
Madame Forestier’s large box contained bracelets, necklaces and other jewellery.

Question 8.
Complete the following sentences using the information given in the passage:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Mathilde was floating in a cloud of happiness.
2. Both, husband and wife left at about four o’clock in the morning.
3. In front of the mirror Mathilde took a final look at herself in all her glory.
4. She no longer had the necklace round her neck.

Question 9.
Who said it and to whom :

Question a.
“I no longer have Madame Forestier’s necklace.”
Answer:
Mathilde said this to her husband.

Question 10.
Complete the following sentences with the information given in the passage :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. She remained in her ball dress all night, her mind blank.
2. At the end of one week they had lost all hope.
3. The husband and wife were sick with grief and anguish.
4. Mr. Loisel said, “We must consider how to replace the jewel.”

Question 11.
Who said this to whom :
1. “I might have needed it.”
2. “Don’t sell it for three days.”
Answer:
1. Madame Forestier said this to Mathilde.
2. Mr. Loisel and Mathilde said to the jeweler.

Question 12.
Say if the following statements are True or False:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Madame Forestier was rather angry with Mathilde for returning the necklace late. – True
2. A string of diamonds they found at Palais Royal was worth thirty-six thousand francs. – False
3. The new necklace cost them thirty- four thousand francs. – False
4. Mr Loisel borrowed money from every type of money-lender. – True

Question 13.
Complete the sentences using the information from the passage :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. At the end of ten years, they had paid off everything.
2. How little is needed for one to be ruined or saved!
3. Mathilde played her part heroically.
4. She came to know the drudgery of housework.

Question 14.
Answer the following questions :

Question a.
Who is Madame Loisel?
Answer:
Madame Loisel is Mathilde.

Question b.
What work did Mathilde’s husband do for a tradesman?
Answer:
Mathilde’s husband did accounts for a tradesman.

Question 15.
Say whether the following statements are True or False:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Madame Forestier recognised her dear friend immediately. _ False
2. Madame Forestier still looked young, beautiful and charming. – True
3. It had taken them ten years to pay for the imitation diamond neclace. – True
4. The imitation was not worth five hundred francs at most! – False

Complex Factual Activities :

Question 1.
Complete the following :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 2.
Why was Mathilde married to a minor official’?
Answer:
Mathilde was a pretty, charming girl but was born in a family of clerks. This had decided her future. Because of her ill-fate she had to marry a ‘minor official’.

Question 3.
Why did Mathilde weep with misery after visiting her schoolmate?
Answer:
Mathilde wept with misery after visiting her schoolmate because she couldn’t get the riches and the luxurious life in which the schoolmate was relishing. She dreamt of all those things her friend was enjoying. She herself could not have them because of her destiny.

Question 4.
Mathilde was sad, restless and anxious though her dress was ready because ….
Answer:
Mathilde was sad, restless and anxious though her dress was ready because she had no jewels, she had not a single precious stone to wear. She almost had decided not to go to the party.

Question 5.
Mathilde’s husband turned pale because….
Answer:
Mathilde’s husband turned pale because he had been saving the exact amount demanded by Mathilde to buy a gun for a hunting summer, in the country near Nanterre. He would lose his opportunity for buying dress for Mathilde.

Question 6.
Write the following sentences in order of their occurrence :
1. Her friend put a large box of jewellery before Mathilde.
2. She fled home with her treasure.
3. Mathilde went to Madame Forestier.
4. She discovered a diamond necklace.
Answer:
3. Mathilde went to Madame Forestier.
1. Her friend put a large box of jewellery before Mathilde.
4. She discovered a diamond necklace.
2. She fled home with her treasure.

Question 7.
Which sentences tell us that Mathilde greatly desired the necklace?
Answer:
The Sentences: Her heart began to beat with uncontrolled desire. Her hands trembled as she took it. She stood lost in ecstasy as she looked at herself in the mirror. She asked her friend anxiously, “Would you lend me this, just this?”

Question 8.
Complete the web :
Answer:

Question 9.
Describe the efforts made by the couple to find the lost necklace:
Answer:
They looked in the folds of Mathilde’s dress, in the folds of her cloak, in her pockets, everywhere. Mr. Loisel walked over the whole route they had walked to find the necklace. He went to the police station, to the newspapers to offer a reward, to the cab companies and everywhere they expected to find the necklace but found nothing.

Question 10.
Complete the web
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 11.
How did life of Mathilde change after the horrible incident?
Answer:
Mathilde’s life was completely changed. She dismissed her maid and did extremely unpleasant labours in the kitchen. She washed the dishes, the dirty linen, she carried the garbage down to the street every morning, carried up the water and dressed like a common woman. She had to bargain at markets, quarrel and face insults over every miserable sou. She lived the horrible life of the very poor.

Question 12.
Arrange the following sentences in order of their occurence:
1. Mathilde tells Madame Forestier about her hard time and miseries.
2. Madame Forestier tells that the necklace was an imitation.
3. Madame Forestier did not recognise Mathilde because she was completely changed.
4. Mathilde met Madame Forestier in the Champs Elysees on Sunday.
Answer:
4. Mathilde met Madame Forestier in the Champs Elysees on Sunday.
3. Madame Forestier did not recognise Mathilde because she was completely changed.
1. Mathilde tells Madame Forestier about her hard time and miseries.
2. Madame Forestier tells that the necklace was an imitation.

Activities based on vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meaning in Column ‘B’ :

‘A’	‘B’
1. aristocrat	(a) destiny
2. fate	(b) great success
3. shabby	(c) nobleman
4. triumph	(d) nearly worn out

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. aristocrat	(c) nobleman
2. fate	(a) destiny
3. shabby	(d) nearly worn out
4. triumph	(b) great success

Question 2.
Write any four words from the passage that show the feeling of great pain:
Answer:
regret, despair, misery and tormented.

Question 3.
Write English terms that stand for the French terms Monsieur and Mme:
Answer:
Mr and Mrs.

Question 4.
Write the long forms of the following contracted forms:

1. Let’s
2. don’t
3. hadn’t
4. what’s.

Answer:

1. Let us
2. do not
3. had not
4. what is.

Question 5.
Write four words from the passage that reflect (show) that the person is in difficult situation.
Answer:
stammered, stunned, distressed, stuttered.

Question 6.
Fill in the blanks with proper letters so as to find the words: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. the objects such as rings, necklaces, etc. that

2. a large cupboard for hanging clothes.

3. a piece of ornament consisting of chain of beads, diamonds, etc. worn around the neck =

4. a strong wish to have something =

Question 7.
Write any four adjectives from the passage.
Answer:
elegant, gracious, smiling, panic-stricken.

Question 8.
Write any four adverbs with ‘-ly’ from the passage.
Answer:
wildly, fmally, sadly, suddenly.

Question 9.
Which words from the passage are related with ‘success’?
Answer:
full of joy, triumph, cloud of happiness, glory.

Question 10.
Write the meanings of:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. glimmer of hope: a small sign of hope/success.
2. a hollow, pale figure: a person having empty mind and almost white face because of frustration and exhaustion.
3. sick with grief and anguish: mentally ill because of great sadness and pain.
4. cloak: ladies’ garment without sleeves, worn over their other clothes.

Question 11.
Find and write all the numbers mentioned in the passage :
Answer:
Forty thousand, thirty-six thousand, thirty- four thousand, eighteen thousand.

Question 12.
Write from passage the words related to money matters.
Answer:
worth, sell, borrow, notes, agreements, dealt, money-lender.

Question 13.
Write from the passage the phrases related to ‘housework’.
Answer:
Drudgery of housework, odious labours of the kitchen, washing dishes, washing dirty linen, carry the garbage, carry up the water, bargain at markets.

Question 14.
Match from the passage the adjectives in Column ‘A’ with the nouns in Column ‘B’ :

‘A’	‘B’
1. dreadful	(a) sou
2. miserable	(b) labours
3. horrible	(c) debt
4. odious	(d) life

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. dreadful	(c) debt
2. miserable	(a) sou
3. horrible	(d) life
4. odious	(b) labours

Question 15.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meaning in Column ‘B’ :

‘A’	‘B’
1. familiarly	(a) artificial/not real
2. astonished	(b) in a friendly manner
3. imitation	(c) very surprised
4. innocent	(d) having not done anything wrong

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. familiarly	(b) in a friendly manner
2. astonished	(c) very surprised
3. imitation	(a) artificial/not real
4. innocent	(d) having not done anything wrong.

Question 16.
Write from the passage the verbs that end : with ‘-ed’.
Answer:
astonished, addressed, stammered, uttered, changed, stunned, smiled, moved.

Activities based on contextual grammar :

Question 1.
Find and write the adjectives from the passage for the following nouns :

1. house
2. girl
3. official
4. mansion.

Answer:

1. shabby and poorly furnished
2. pretty and charming
3. minor
4. grand and palatial.

Question 2.
He turned a little pale.
(Change the sentence into simple present Tense.)
Answer:
He turns a little pale.

Question 3.
Choose the correct option of the question tag:
I can give you four hundred francs.
(i) , can I?
(ii) , don’t I?
(iii) , can’t I?
(iv) , couldn’t I?
Answer:
I can give you four hundred francs, can’t I?

Question 4.
She replied,” I am upset that I have no jewels.” (Choose the correct option to transform it into Reported speech.)
a. She replied that I was upset that I had no jewels.
b. She replied that she is upset that she has no jewels.
c. She replied she was upset that she has no jewels.
d. She replied that she was upset that she had no jewels.
Answer:
c. She replied she was upset that she has no jewels.

Question 5.
Choose the correct wh-question from the alternatives to get the underlined part as an answer:
She discovered, in a black satin box, a diamond necklace.
(a) What did she discover in a black satin box?
(b) When did she discover a diamond necklace in a black satin box?
(c) Where did she discover a diamond necklace?
(d) Why did she discover a diamond necklace?
Answer:
(c) Where did she discover a diamond necklace?

Question 6.
Write the following sentence in simple present tense:
She threw her arms around her friend’s neck.
Answer:
She throws her arms around her friend’s neck.

Question 7.
Find the determiners from the following sentences and underline them :
(Answers are directly underlined.)
Answer:
1. They were dropped off at their door in the Rue des Martyrs.
2. Forgetting everything in the triumph of her beauty.

Question 8.
Do as directed :

1. She took a final look at herself. (Write simple present tense form for the underlined word.)
2. The day of the party arrived. (Rewrite the sentence using simple future tense.)
3. She danced wildly (Use past progressive tense and rewrite the sentence.)

Answer:

1. She takes a final look at herself.
2. The day of the party will arrive.
3. She was dancing wildly.

Question 9.
It was worth forty thousand francs.
(Use ‘They’ in place of ‘It’ and rewrite the correct sentence.)
Answer:
They were worth forty thousand francs.

Question 10.
He went to get the new necklace. (Rewrite the sentence using simple present tense for the underlined verb.)
Answer:
He goes to get the new necklace.

Question 11.
Change the following sentences in passive voice :
1. They dismissed their maid.
2. They rented a garret under the roof.
Answer:
1. Their maid was dismissed by them.
2. A garret under the roof was rented by them.

Question 12.
How strange life is!
(Make it an assertive sentence,)
Answer:
Life is very strange.

Question 13.
Complete the table with the correct forms of the given verbs.
Answer:

Do as directed :

Question 1.
1. She had no rich dresses : (Make the sentence affirmative without changing the meaning.)
2. These were the only things she loved. (Make the sentence negative without changing the meaning.)
Answer:
1. She had poor dresses.
2. She loved nothing but (except) these things.

Question 2.
They could not find it.
(Begin with It could not… and change the voice.)
Answer:
It could not be found by them.

Question 3.
He said to Mathilde, “Tell her you have broken the clasp of the necklace.”
(Change into Indirect speech.)
Answer:
He told Mathilde to tell her she had broken the clasp of the necklace.

Question 4.
Use simple present tense form and rewrite the following sentences :

Question a.
He went to the police station.
Answer:
He goes to the police station.

Question b.
They lost all hope.
Answer:
They lose all hope.

Question 5.
How you’ve changed!
(Make an assertive sentence.)
Answer:
You’ve completely changed,

Question 6.
They were similar.
(Make it negative without changing meaning.)
Answer:
They were not different.

Question 7.
I am Mathilde Loisel.
(Choose correct Question Tag,)
(i) , am I?
(ii) , amn’t I?
(iii) , aren’t I?
(iv) , don’t I?
Answer:
(iii) , aren’t I?

Question 8.
Fill in the table with correct verb forms.
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

base form	Past tense	Past participle
bring	brought	brought
see	saw	seen
feel	felt	felt
sing	sang	sung

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What do you feel when you receive an invitation for a party? Why?
Answer:
When I receive an invitation for a party, I feel very happy because we get to meet our friends and relatives at the party and we can spend some time rejoicing. We also get to eat tasty food in the party.

Question 2.
Was Mathilde’s husband a considerate person? How do you know that?
Answer:
Mathilde’s husband was really a very considerate person. Though his wife was obstinate and stubborn, he tried to fulfill all her unreasonable wishes. He sacrificed his own hunting joy and gave his savings to please Mathilde. This shows that he was a very considerate person.

Question 3.
Mathilde asked her friend, “Would you lend me this, just this?”
Why, do you think, did Mathilde say ‘just this’?
Answer:
I think, Mathilde was fully satisfied with the diamond necklace she got. It looked beautiful in her neck as she had desired. So she did not want anything else except that diamond necklace and so she insisted to lend her that and only that necklace.

Question 4.
Why, do you think, did Mathilde not notice the loss of her necklace?
Answer:
I think, she was thinking only about the triumph of her beauty and success in the party. She had lost her attention towards her necklace. Secondly, they left the party early in the morning, could not find a cab and had to walk for a long distance. This also must be the cause of the distraction.

Question 5.
Do you think, the arrangement made by Mr Loisel with the jeweller, was fair? Give your reason:
Answer:
Yes I think the arrangement was fair. According to the arrangement the jeweller would take the necklace back for thirty-four thousand if the other (the lost) necklace was found before the end of February. It would help them to get some more time to find the necklace and again they would ; be losing only two thousand francs instead of thirty- 5 six thousand.

Question 6.
Why does Madame Forestier speak coldly to Mathilde?
Answer:
Mathilde returned the necklace after so many days. Madame Forestier did not like it and was angry with Mathilde. It is the usual tradition to return the borrowed things immediately after the work is done, but Mathilde did not do it. By speaking coldly Madame Forestier expresssed her anger and displeasure.

Question 7.
What is meant by the horrible life of the very poor?
Answer:
The horrible life of the poor means a very tiring, bad, unpleasant and painful life. The poor are the people who live a miserable life with very little or no money at all. They have no money to satisfy their day-to-day basic needs. They have to work hard all the day to make both ends meet. Mathilde experienced this horrible life of the poor for saving money to clear the debt.

Question 8.
Write what you think about the following thought and action of Mathilde :
Mathilde told her friend about the lost necklace.
Answer:
Mathilde was now a relieved person. Though it was her fault, she must have thought that she should tell the truth to her friend and tell her how she struggled for ten long years that made her look old.

Question 9.
Who do you think was responsible for Mathilde’s misery? Was it her friend, she herself, her husband or the circumstances?
Answer:
It was Mathilde who was mainly responsible for her misery. Her wilfulness and obstinate behaviour were the root cause of the disastrous incident. She borrowed the necklace and lost it and that led to her misery. Her friend and her husband were, in no way, responsible for it. Of course the circumstances, to some extent too are responsible for it.

Oral Work:

Question 1.
Read the conversations in the story aloud using proper intonation.

Writing Skill:

Question 1.
Prepare a formal invitation using the format given on the textbook page no. 27.
Answer:

Activities Based on Language study

Do as directed!

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters :

1. o _ h e r
2. y o _ n g
3. p _ o u d
4. s p e _ k

Answer:

1. o t h e r
2. y o u n g
3. p r o u d
4. s p e a k

Question 2.
Copy the following sentences correctly in your notebook :
Answer:
1. He said,” Here’s something for you!”
2. “What’s the matter? Let’s see, Mathilde.”

Question 3.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:
1. glory, street, amount, pleasure.
2. mansion, mirror, mutter, matter.
Answer:
1. amount, glory, pleasure, street.
2. mansion, matter, mirror, mutter.

Question 4.
Punctuate the following sentences :
1. you could wear flowers he said they are very fashionable at this time of year
2. what is the matter asked her husband
Answer:
1. “You could wear flowers,” he said,
“They are very fashionable at this time of year.”
2. “What is the matter?” asked her husband.

Question 5.
Write four small words (minimum letters each) using the letters in the given word:
‘schoolmate’ :
Answer:

1. school
2. come
3. late
4. home.

Question 7.
Write related words as shown in the example :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 8.
Complete the following word-chain withing for.m. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:
going → ………………. →……………. →…………… → ………….. .
Answer:
going → growing → gaining → guarding → grumbling.

Question 9.
Make your own meaningful sentence by using the phrase ‘to be aware of’.
Answer:
We should be aware of the consequences of bad habits.

Question 10.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words. and use any one of the root words in your own sentence:
1. annoy
2. exhaust
Answer:
1. annoyance
2. exhaustion
Sentence: There is no need to exhaust yourself for such a petty job.

Question 11.
Add a clause to expand the sentence meaningfully:
I don’t remember ………………………………… .
Answer:
I don’t remember when I met him last.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.1 What is Success? Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.1 What is Success?

My English Coursebook Std 9 Guide Chapter 4.1 What is Success? Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. Do you have a hobby?
2. Do you play a musical instrument?
3. What is the latest thing that you learnt to do?
4. Have you ever taught someone else to do something?

1. Prepare a speech to deliver in an interschool competition on ‘How to achieve success in life’ with the help of the following web chart:

Question 1.
Prepare a speech to deliver in an interschool competition on ‘How to achieve success in life’ with the help of the following web chart:

Answer:

How to achieve success in life?

Honourable chairperson, respected headmaster, teachers and my dear friends, Today I am going to limit my speech on “How to achieve success in life:” I request you to listen to me carefully. So my friends, success is very important in everyone’s life. Everyone has a dream of becoming a successful human being in life. There is a good saying that, “Success is a journey and not a destination.”

How true it is! If we look at the life of all successful people, we realize the truthfulness of the statement. The definition of success is different for every person. For a child success is to solve a puzzle, for a S.S.C. student, a success is to get good marks, for a businessman, a success is to get a contract and for grandparents, success is to see the whole family together.

Everyone wants to become rich and successful in life. To achieve ambition, there are many steps which are to be followed. First of all, we have to set our goal, means we have to decide what we are and what we want to be. So proper plan and execution of the plan are very important. The tragedy of life does not lie in not reaching the goal, the tragedy lies in having no goal to reach.

For a great success we need a lot of confidence, patience, knowledge, perseverance and hard work. We should not waste our time because time is money. Don’t compare yourself with any other person in the world. If you do so you are demeaning yourself. The main thing is that we should always think positively and never give up hope because many of our failures are the people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.

Always remember that the word “Impossible” means, I’m possible and if destiny is accompanied with the three D’s: determination, dedication, and devotion then everything becomes possible. We should learn from our own mistakes. We should always follow in the footsteps of great, successful people. Let’s take an example of Dhirubhai Ambani.

He was born in a poor family, but struggled a lot to achieve his ambition and never gave up hope because he knew that there is always a room at the top. He kept the hope alive in his heart and tried his level best and as you know he was one of the richest industrialists in the world. After all, no gains, without pains.

There is a great saying that successful people do not do different things, they do things differently. So work hard, continuously. God’s blessings are always there with you. Thank you for listening to me carefully.

Jai Hind.

2. What might success mean to the following people? Think about it and write:

Question 1.
A student ………………………….. .
Answer:
Showing consistent improvement in his academic pursuit, participating in sports and different competitions.

Question 2.
A businessman ………………………. .
Answer:
Gaining a huge profit, and achieving his target in business.

Question 3.
A doctor …………………………… .
Answer:
Diagnosing and treating patients and even saving a dying person.

Question 4.
A sportsperson ………………………. .
Answer:
Setting his/her own record by participating in different tournaments, winning medals and trophies.

Question 5.
A politician ………………………… .
Answer:
Winning an election and working for the welfare of society.

Question 6.
A person who has applied for a job ………………………… .
Answer:
Getting a job with a huge package of salary.

Question 7.
A teacher ………………………. .
Answer:
Helping his/her students to excel, reaching every child of his/her class.

Question 8.
A Parent ……………………………. .
Answer:
Raising a child and to make him/her a good human being.

English Workshop:

1. Tick the correct alternative:

Question 1.
The poet says that success is:
(a) to laugh less and work more
(b) to laugh never at all
(c) to laugh often and much
(d) to laugh less and low
Answer:
(c) to laugh often and much

Question 2.
The poet wants us to:
(a) earn a lot of money
(b) earn profits
(c) earn property
(d) earn the appreciation of honest critics
Answer:
(d) earn the appreciation of honest critics

Question 3.
The poet wants us to appreciate:
(a) riches
(b) God
(c) beauty
(d) society
Answer:
(c) beauty

Question 4.
The poet wants us to leave the world a bit
(a) bitter
(b) better
(c) broader
(d) bared
Answer:
(b) better

2. Compare this poem with ‘Walk a little slower …………’ and fill in the chart:

Question 1.
Compare this poem with ‘Walk a little slower …………’ and fill in the chart:

The poem ‘What is Success?’ is an example of free verse.
Answer:

Structure of the poem	Walk a little slower…	What is Success?
Does it have rhyming words?	Yes	No
Does it have a steady rhythm?	Yes	No
Are the lines of equal length?	Yes	No
Are there stanzas with equal number of lines?	Yes	No

3. Based on the poet’s idea of true success, think of four people in your surroundings- your family, neighbours, friends, teachers, classmates, etc. who have achieved true success. Write in short what makes them successful.

Question 1.
Based on the poet’s idea of true success, think of four people in your surroundings- your family, neighbours, friends, teachers, classmates, etc. who have achieved true success. Write in short what makes them successful.
Answer:

My family

My father is the backbone of my family. He works hard to fulfil our dreams. He has been working with determination continuously so that we can enjoy happy family life. We can understand his feelings and help him whenever he wants our help. We try to keep him happy and satisfied. He has made positive impact on our family members as well as on his circle of friends. So he is a role model for all of us.

4. List all the ‘to infinitives’ verbs used in the poem.

Question 1.
List all the ‘to infinitives’ verbs used in the poem.
Answer:
to laugh, to win, to appreciate to find, to leave, to know, to have.

5. In your opinion what things will help to make the world a better place? Discuss with your friends and write down at least three of the things.

Question 1.
In your opinion what things will help to make the world a better place? Discuss with your friends and write down at least three of the things.
Answer:
To make the world a better place, I think the following things will help a lot:

1. No fights, quarrels on the basis of caste, creed and religion.
2. Everyone should get a chance to earn his/her bread and butter.
3. Everyone should be mentally and physically fit and able.
4. Education: Basic right of education to all.

6. Think of different types of people who have to face great difficulties. Write what you can do to help at least one of them.

Question 1.
Think of different types of people who have to face great difficulties. Write what you can do to help at least one of them.
Answer:
There are number of people in our society who have to face great difficulties. There are people like physically disabled, poor, old, sick, etc. The people who are poor, are under poverty line. So we can provide them various facilities related to education and fulfil their basic needs so that their standard of living would be improved.

7. Prepare a set of questions to interview:

Question 1.
Prepare a set of questions to interview:
(a) A famous author
(b) A well-known social worker in your area.
Answer:
(a) A famous author:

1. What are your feelings after the overwhelming response to your newly published book?
2. Had you thought about such amazing response to your book?
3. What inspires you to write such a lovely book?
4. Are you working on any new book?
5. Do you think about the readers’ choice before writing?
6. Who is your favourite writer? Why?
7. Have you thought about the Booker prize while writing this book?
8. What is your ambition as a writer?
9. What message would you like to give to your readers?

(b) A well-known social worker in your area:

1. Are you really grateful to the voters of your area? Why?
2. How will you help this area to develop?
3. What are your future plans for the development of this area?
4. Are there any social problems that the people in this area are facing?
5. According to you, what is the role of education to develop society?
6. What have you done to make available educational facilities in our area?
7. What measures should be taken to fight against illiteracy, superstitions in our society?
8. What motivated you to be a social worker?
9. Is there any message that you would like to give to the citizens of this area?

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 4.1 What is Success? Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
There are lines in the poem.
(a) two
(b) fourteen
(c) seven
(d) four
Answer:
(b) fourteen.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the given poem:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. A person who takes wise decisions and works for the benefit of everyone wins the respect of intelligent people.
2. A person who is kind, sweet and helpful wins the affection of children.
3. A person who puts a lot of efforts and works against all odds is appreciated by honest critics.
4. A friend who is selfish and dishonest betrays a friend.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
What is success according to the poet Ralph Waldo Emerson?
Answer:
According to the poet Ralph Waldo Emerson, success lies in winning the respect, affection and appreciation of the people around us and to be able to respect, appreciate and care for people in return and how you make them happy.

Question 2.
Which lines tell you that a parent, a good gardener, a social reformer are all successful people?
Answer:
The lines that tell us that a parent, a good gardener, a social reformer are all successful people are: “To leave the world a bit better, whether by a healthy child, a gardener patch or a redeemed social condition To know even one life has breathed easier because you have lived; This is to have succeeded.”

Poetic device Activities:

Question 1.
Give your own rhyming words for the following – (i) find (ii) patch.
Answer:
1. find – mind
2. patch – match.

Appreciation of Poem:

Point format

1. Title: What is success?
2. Poet/Poetess: The poet of the poem is Ralph Waldo Emerso.
3. Theme/Central Idea: The theme of the poem is quite evident from the title of the poem itself. As the answer to the question posed in the title, the poet defines success as precisely as possible in the following lines.
4. Rhyme Scheme: The poem is an example of ‘free verse’.
5. Figure of Speech: Repitition, Euphemism.
6. Special Features: This poem is an example of ‘free verse’. The lines of a ‘free verse’ do not have any steady rhythm. The lines are of irregular length and lack clear-cut stanza divisions. It has no rhyme scheme.
7. Favourite Line: My favourite lines from the poem are:
   • (1) To find the best in others;
   • (2) To appreciate beauty To find the best in others
8. Why I like the poem: I like this poem because it defines ‘success’ in a very special way.

Here, ‘success’ is not just an individual achievement. It is not taking advantage of others around us. It is, instead, giving back to society it is about making society a better place by our little contribution.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 1.3 ‘Hope’ is the Thing with Feathers Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 1.3 ‘Hope’ is the Thing with Feathers

My English Coursebook Std 9 Digest Chapter 1.3 ‘Hope’ is the Thing with Feathers Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

• Do you ever feel nervous?
• Do you ever feel really depressed?
• What makes you nervous or depressed?
• What do you hope for on these occasions?
• Have you hoped for something that you knew was difficult?
• What do you have to do to fulfil ‘your opes?

The Only Ray of Hope

1. Divide the class into groups of 4-6. Each group selects for itself, one of the difficult situations listed below. They imagine themselves to be in that situation and carry on with the rest of the activity.
(a) A group of passengers are marooned on an island in the middle of the ocean
(b) A group of pilgrims travelling on foot have lost their way in a thick jungle.
(c) A team of players from an office have got down at the wrong place on a highway at night. It is a lonely spot.
Answer:
Situation: (a)
(a) A group of passengers are marooned on an island in the middle of the ocean

Question 1.
Describe your surroundings in 4-5 sentences:
Answer:
We are trapped on a small island in the middle of the ocean. It is a desolate, uninhabited island. We are all alone on this island. There are thick forests around us and frightening pythons and other poisonous snakes are slithering around us. Nothing can be seen except the thick forests, marshy land and vast waters of the ocean.

Question 2.
Write the reactions of your companions using exclamations :
Answer:

1. “What a horrifying experience!”
2. “Look, oh God! Our ship has left the shore without us on this desolate island!”
3. “What shall we do now?”
4. “How can we escape from this dangerous situation!”
5. “Nothing on earth would save us !”

Question 3.
Using your imagination, write what is the only ray of hope for you.
Answer:
Let us hope that the people on our ship find us missing and return back to this island or some other ship, helicopter or a plane notices our movements and save us from this horrible situation that would be our only ray of hope.

Question 4.
Two members of your group are going out to try to get help. They can take any five things with them. Write what they choose, and why they choose it.
Answer:
They will take a piece of white cloth to show their presence on the island to ships, helicopters, planes, etc. They will take mobile phones for contact, food packs, a water bottle, a matchbox and a stick for protection.

English Workshop:

1. Match the following 

Question 1.
Match the following

‘A’	‘B’
1. Hope	(a) difficulties and problems
2. Gale/storm	(b) toughest times in life
3. keep warm	(c) a very small bit
4. chillest land	(d) a nest in the tree
5. a crumb	(e)   provide comfort
	(f)   Bird

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. Hope	(f)   Bird
2. Gale/storm	(b) toughest times in life
3. keep warm	(e)   provide comfort
4. chillest land	(a) difficulties and problems
5. a crumb	(c) a very small bit

2. Use the proper form of the verb in each line:

‘Hope’ is the thing with feathers –

Question a.
That (perch) in the soul
Answer:
That perches in the soul

Question b.
And (sing) the tune without the words
Answer:
And sings the tune without the words

Question c.
And never (stop) at all
Answer:
And never stops at all

3. Read the examples and fill in the blanks in the same pattern.

Question 1.
Read the examples and fill in the blanks in the same pattern.
Answer:
(a) Examples of degrees: sweet – sweeter – sweetest

1. fast – faster – fastest
2. slow – slower – slowest
3. high – higher – highest
4. low – lower – lowest
5. great – greater – greatest
6. bright – brighter – brightest
7. warm – warmer – warmest
8. cold – colder – coldest

(b) Examples: strange – stranger – strangest

1. brave – braver – bravest
2. fine – finer – finest
3. simple – simpler – simplest
4. large – larger – largest
5. close – closer – closest
6. wise – wiser – wisest

(c) Examples: pretty – prettier – prettiest
(Note the changes in the last letter.)

1. nasty – nastier – nastiest
2. hungry – hungrier – hungriest
3. angry – angrier – angriest
4. naughty – naughtier – naughtiest

4. Find the phrases/lines in the poem that mean the following :

Question 1.
(a) Hope is a light, delicate thing: …………………………
(b) Hope offers comfort to your soul: …………………….
(c) Hope is not a wordy thought, it is more like a feeling, an emotion: ………………….
(d) In the most difficult times, hope offers the greatest comfort: …………………………
(e) Hope is not easily defeated: …………………..
(f) Hope has given comfort to many people: ………………….
(g) Hope lives on in very hard times, even when it gets nothing from you: ……………….
Answer:
(a) Hope is a light, delicate: Hope is the thing with thing feathers.
(b) Hope offers comfort to that perches in the your soul soul and sings.
(c) Hope is not wordy: And sings the tune thought, it is more like a without words. feeling, an emotion
(d) In the most difficult: Second stanza – And times, hope offers the sweetest… so many greatest comfort warm
(e) Hope is not easily defeated: And never stops at all
(f) Hope has given comfort: That kept so many to many people warm
(g) Hope lives on in very hard: Yet – never – in times, even when it gets extremity, It asked a nothing from you. crumb – of me.

5. We can relate many of our feelings and experiences to events or things in nature. Which of our feelings or experiences can we relate to the following?

Question 1.
We can relate many of our feelings and experiences to events or things in nature. Which of our feelings or experiences can we relate to the following?
Answer:

1. darkness: evil sign
2. a storm: difficulties
3. sunrise: beginning, progress, growth
4. a light shower: pleasure
5. sunshine: happiness
6. earthquake: a sudden violent damage
7. a rainbow: unexpected joy
8. dawn: the beginning of something
9. dark clouds: sad or difficult situation
10. dusk (evening): almost the end of something
11. a peacock: pleasant feeling
12. flood: a lot of difficulties, damages

6. Write in a few lines, about an experience of your own where you scored in your exams much more than you hoped for. What did that experience teach you?

Question 1.
Write in a few lines, about an experience of your own where you scored in your exams much more than you hoped for. What did that experience teach you?
Answer:
I could get much more marks in exams than I hoped for and I was on the cloud nine. Really very happy! Everyone admired me for my effort. It was a great experience. It taught me that if you hope for something heartily and work accordingly, you can achieve anything according to your hope and expectation. Hoping is achieving!

Language study:

7. This poem is an example of personification. When we refer to inanimate objects, ideas, emotions as living things, it is an example of personification. Here, ‘hope’ is portrayed as a little bird. Describe it in your own words. Find other examples of personification.

Question 1.
Describe it in your own words.
Answer:
‘Hope’ in this poem is described as a bird sitting in our soul. Here ‘Hope’ is a non-living thing, but it is described as a living thing, bird. Hope is represented here as a living thing. So it is the example of personification.

Question 2.
Find other examples of personification.
Answer:
Some examples of personification

1. The grass was dancing with the wind. Here dancing is the quality/action of a person. Grass is personified as a person.
2. Trees were shivering with fear when they saw the woodcutter. Trees are given the human quality of ‘shivering with fear’
3. The moon was laughing in the sky. Here the moon is given the human quality of laughing.

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 1.3 ‘Hope’ is the Thing with Feathers Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activity:

Question 1.
Complete the following lines from the poem :
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. The hope-bird is sitting in the soul.
2. Singing of the bird never stops.
3. Its song is the sweetest at the time of storm.
4. The poetess has heard the bird’s song in most difficult circumstances.

Appreciation of Poem:

1. Title: ‘Hope is the thing with feathers -’
2. Poet: The poetess of the poem is Emily Dickinson.
3. Theme/Central Idea: The central idea of the poem is the role played by hope in our lives. According to the poetess, hope – the little bird that nests in our soul – keeps us going even in the most difficult of times and demands nothing in return.
4. Rhyme Scheme: The rhyme scheme of the first 2 stanzas is ‘abab’ whereas in the 3rd stanza it is ‘abbb’.
5. Figure of Speech: ‘Personification’.
6. Special Features: This poem is full of implied meanings. It tells you the importance of hope and helps you to survive in any difficult days or occasions.
7. Favourite Lines: My favourite lines from the poem are :

• “And Sweetest – in the Gale – is heard
• Yet – never – in Extremity, It asked a crumb – of me.

8. Why I like the poem: I like the poem for its positive message. According to the poet, hope is not easily defeated. It sustains us. Hope also encourages us to move forward. This message, I think, is very important for a young person.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 History Solutions Chapter 1 Sources of History Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 History Solutions Chapter 1 Sources of History

Class 9 History Chapter 1 Sources of History Textbook Questions and Answers

1. A Choose the right option and rewrite the sentence.

Class 9 History Chapter 1 Sources Of History Questions And Answers  Question 1.
The National Archives of India is situated at ______.
(a) Pune
(b) New Delhi
(c) Kolkata
(d) Hyderabad
Answer:
(b) New Delhi

Sources of History Class 9 History Chapter 1 Question 2.
The _______ is included among the Audio -Visual media.
(a) Newspaper
(b) Television
(c) All India Radio
(d) Periodicals
Answer:
(b) Television

Question 3.
______ is not included in physical sources.
(a) Coins
(b) Ornaments
(c) Buildings
(d) Proverbs
Answer:
(d) Proverbs

B. Identify the wrong pair and rewrite the corrected one:

Question 1.
(1) Jal Cooper – Philatelist
(2) Kusumagraj – Poet
(3) Anna Bhau Sathe – People’s bard
(4) Amar Shaikh – Art Collector
Answer:
Amar Shaikh – Art Collector

2. Write Short Notes:

Question 1.
Written Sources
Answer:
(i) Any historical document written by hand or typed or in printed form is called written sources.
(ii) The following are included in written sources: Newspapers, Periodicals, Diaries, Reference books, Correspondence, Document in the Archives, Government Gazettes, Postage Stamps, and Encyclopedias.

Question 2.
Press Trust of India (PTI)
Answer:
(i) After 1953, the Press Trust of India has been an important source of primary details of all important events and of articles on important subjects.

(ii) Press Trust of India has provided reports, photographs and articles on financial and scientific issues to newspapers. PTI has now started its online service.

(iii) During the 1990s, PTI started using the ‘satellite broadcast’ technology instead of teleprinters to send news all over the country.

(iv) This material is important for writing the history of modern India.

3. Give reasons:

Question 1.
The postal department tries to preserve the heritage and integrity of Indian culture through postage stamps.
Answer:
(i) Postage stamps reveal a lot to us about changing times due to the variety in the sizes of the stamps, the novelty in their subjects and colour schemes.

(ii) The Postal Department issues postage stamps on a wide variety of themes.

(iii) It issues stamps on political leaders, flowers, animals, birds, an event, or the silver, golden, diamond jubilees or centenary, bicentenary and tercentenary of different events.

(iv) It is therefore, a valuable repository of history.

(v) Thus the postal department tries to preserve the heritage and integrity of Indian culture through postage stamps.

Question 2.
Audio-visual media are an important source for writing the history of modem India.
Answer:
(i) Audio-visual means possessing sound and visual content; for example, films and television

(ii) We have channels like History channel and Discovery channel which telecast footage of historical events in multimedia.

(iii) With the help of satellites, live coverage of all political, social and cultural events is possible across the globe. This helps to create an accountable repository for future reference as well.

(iv) Video libraries possess a vast storage of historical information in audio-visual mode which becomes handy in writing the history of modem India.

Class 9 History Chapter 1 Sources of History Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct option from the given options and rewrite the statements:

Question 1.
Information and Broadcasting Department published ______, an annual reference book.
(a) India 2000
(b) Incredible India
(c) Indian Horizon
(d) Aspiring India
Answer:
(a) India 2000

Question 2.
The place where historical documents are _______.
preserved is called
(a) Library
(b) Store Room
(c) Archives
(d) History Room
Answer:
(c) Archives

Question 3.
Newspapers are considered the _______ pillar of democracy.
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Answer:
(d) Fourth

Question 4.
_____ has also produced various documentaries on prominent social leaders, on people who have made major contributions and about important locations in India.
(a) British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
(b) Reuters
(c) Indian News Review
(d) Bloomberg
Answer:
(c) Indian News Review

Question 5.
Aavahan is written on the backdrop of Sino- Indian war by the noted Marathi poet _____.
(a) Narayan Gupte
(b) Kusumagraj
(c) G.D. Madgulkar
(d) Namdeo Dhasal
Answer:
(b) Kusumagraj

Question 6.
Cooper edited _______.
(a) India’s Stamp Journal
(b) Indian Philatelic Magazine
(c) Stamp Synopsis
(d) The Journal of Philatelic Bureau
Answer:
(a) India’s Stamp Journal

Question 7.
After 1953, the ____ has been an important source of primary details of all important events.
(a) Union Trust of India
(b) Press Trust of India
(c) Information and Broadcasting Ministry
(d) Film and Television Institute of India
Answer:
(b) Press Trust of India

Question 8.
Duringthe 1990s, PTI started using ____ technology instead of Teleprinters.
(a) GPS Device
(b) Ultrasonic Gadget
(c) Radio Programming
(d) Satellite Broadcast
Answer:
(d) Satellite Broadcast

Question 9.
The Government of India started the Film and Television Institute of India at Pune in 1960 with the purpose of providing _______.
(a) Entertainment
(b) Public Education
(c) International updates
(d) Intra-societal information
Answer:
(b) Public Education

Question 10.
The Indian government issued the ______ stamp in 1977.
(a) Narsee Monjee
(b) Jal Cooper
(c) Birsa Munda
(d) Senapati Bapat
Answer:
(b) Jal Cooper

Question 11.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Museum is at ________.
(a) Delhi
(b) Mumbai
(c) Kolkata
(d) Chennai
Answer:
(b) Mumbai

Question 12.
The ______ issues postage stamps on a wide variety of themes.
(a) Publications Division
(b) Postal Department
(c) Income Tax Department
(d) Revenue Department
Answer:
(b) Postal Department

Question 13.
______ prints the notes.
(a) Reserve Bank of India
(b) Union Bank of India
(c) Philatelic Bureau of India
(d) State Bank of India
Answer:
(a) Reserve Bank of India

Question 14.
Empire of India Philatelic Society was founded by ______.
(a) Pherozeshah Mehta
(b) Mahzarin Banaji
(c) Jal Cooper
(d) Dinshaw Patel
Answer:
(c) Jal Cooper

Question 15.
PTI has provided reports, photographs and articles on ___ issues to newspapers.
(a) Therapeutic
(b) Financial and scientific
(c) Demographic and Topographic
(d) Environmental
Answer:
(b) Financial and scientific

Identify and write the wrong pair in the following sets:

Question 1.
(1) Powada – Oral sources
(2) Documentaries – Audio Visual Sources
(3) Coins – Material Sources
(4) Owis – Archaeological Sources
Answer:
Owis – Archaeological Sources

Question 2.
(1) India 2000 – Annual Reference book
(2) Indian News Review – News reels and documentariess.
(3) FTII – Radio Programmes
(4) Reserve Bank of India – Printing notes
Answer:
FTII – Radio Programmes

Question 3.
(1) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Museum – Mumbai
(2) Reserve Bank Museum – Pune
(3) National Archives of India – Calcutta
(4) Film and Television Institute of India – Pune
Answer:
National Archives of India – Calcutta

Do as directed.
Complete the concept map:

Question 1.
Answer:

Question 2.
Answer:

Question 3.
Answer:

Question 4.
Answer:

Write short notes:

Question 1.
Coins
Answer:
(i) We can also understand history with the help of coins and the changes in the printing of currency notes.
(ii) The Reserve Bank of India prints the notes. It has its headquarters in Mumbai.
(iii) The coins from 1950 to those used at present, the metals used for making them, their different shapes, and the diversity of subjects on them together help us to understand the important contemporary issues in India; For example coins to convey the message of population control and coins communicating the importance of agriculture and of farmers.

Question 2.
Jal Cooper
Ans
(i) The Indian government issued the ‘Jal Cooper’ stamp in 1977. Jal Cooper was an internationally acclaimed philatelist, i.e. an expert on the subject of ‘postage stamps’.
(ii) Bom in a Parsi household in Mumbai, Cooper edited ‘India’s Stamp Journal’.
(iii) He was the founder of the first Philatelic Bureau in India, an office that collected stamps. He founded the ‘Empire of India Philatelic Society.
(iv) He went on to write many books on this subject. He gave a scientific bent to his hobby.
(v) He played a pivotal role in taking the study of Indian postage stamps to the international level.
(vi) Having started his career as a postage stamp collector, Cooper achieved the expertise of a philatelist at the international level.
(vii) The postage stamp on Jal Cooper is an important source to understand his significant contribution to this field.

Explain the statements with reason:

Question 1.
Museums reflect the unique heritage of a state.
Answer:
(i) All states of India have museums that depict the characteristics and display the cultural and social heritage of the state.
(ii) They enable us to understand history; For example, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Museum at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank Museum in Pune city.
(iii) Apart from the Government Museums, some private collectors also set up their own museums.
(iv) They are based on distinctive subjects; For example, coins, notes, lamps and nutcrackers in different shapes, cricket equipment, etc.

Read the passage and answer the questions.

The Indian government issued the ‘Jal Cooper’ stamp in 1977. Jal Cooper was an internationally acclaimed philatelist, i.e. an expert on the subject of ‘postage , stamps’. Bom in a Parsi household in Mumbai, Cooper edited ‘India’s Stamp Journal’. He was the founder of the first Philatelic Bureau in India, an , office that collected stamps. He founded the ‘Empire of India Philatelic Society’. He went on to write many , books on this subject. He gave a scientific bend to his , hobby. He played a pivotal role in taking the study of Indian postage stamps to the international level, , Having started his career as a postage stamp collector, Cooper achieved the expertise of a philatelist at the international level. The postage stamp on Jal Cooper , is an important source to understand his significant ,contribution to this field.

Question 1.
Other than Philatelies which other streams of vocation deal with sources of history?
Answer:
Other than Philatelies, other streams of vocation which deal with sources of history are: Numismatics, Museology and Archaeology.

Question 2.
Name the two institution founded by Jal Cooper.
Answer:
Two institutions founded by Jal Cooper are:

(i) The First Philatelic Bureau in India.
(ii) Empire of India Philatelic Society.

Question 3.
Why do you think the government of India issued a postage stamp in the name of Jal Cooper?
Answer:
Jal Cooper is accredited to raise Indian Philatelies to an international level. He nurtured his hobby with great expertise and became a renowned Postage Stamp Collector. To honour his contribution, the government of India issued a postage stamp in his name in 1977.

Answer the following questions in detail.

Question 1.
Which information among print media is considered authentic and trustworthy?
Answer:
Among the print media, the information contained in the annual issues of the Publications Division of the Government of India is authentic and trustworthy.
(ii) For example, the Information and Broadcasting Department published ‘INDIA 2000’, an annual reference book.
(iii) ‘ This reference book is created under ‘Research, Reference and Training Department’.

Question 2.
Which sources are included in material sources?
Answer:
The following sources are included in material sources:

• Coins
• Places of worship
• Things in daily use
• Royal seals
• Ornaments
• Museums
• Clothing
• Modern architecture.

Question 3.
Write in brief about museums in India.
Answer:
(i) All states of India have museums that depict the characteristics and display the cultural and social heritage of the state.
(ii) They enable us to understand history (e.g., the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Museum at Mumbai, Reserve Bank Museum in Pune city).
(iii) Apart from the Government Museums, some private collectors also set up their own museums.
(iv) They are based on distinctive subjects; For example, coins, notes, lamps and nutcrackers in different shapes, cricket equipment, etc.

Question 4.
Write briefly about ‘Indian News Review’.
Answer:
(i) An institute called Indian News Review has produced various newsreels on important events in politics, social issues, art, sports and culture.
(ii) This department has also produced various documentaries on prominent social leaders, on people who have made major contributions for the country and about important locations in India.
(iii) These news releases and documentaries are useful for studying the history of modern India.

Question 5.
Oral Sources
Answer:
(i) These sources include folktales, folksongs, proverbs, ballads and owis (Marathi verses in the oral tradition).
(ii) Activists were inspired by the powadas of Lok shahir, Anna Bhau Sathe and Shahir Amar Sheikh during the Sanyukta Maharashtra Movement.

Question 6.
Identify the picture and give relevant information.

Answer:

• The person depicted in the picture is Jal Cooper, an internationally acclaimed philatelist from India.
• Cooper edited ‘India’s stamp Journal’. He was the founder of the First Philatelic Bureau in India, an office that collected stamps. He founded the ‘Empire of India Philatelic Society’.
• The Government of India issued the Jal Cooper Stamp in 1977.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 3.5 Great Scientists Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 3.5 Great Scientists

My English Coursebook Std 9 Guide Chapter 3.5 Great Scientists Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. What would you like to learn about in your Science period?
2. Have you ever tried to do an experiment on your own?
   If yes, tell me about it.
   If no, tell me why you’ve never tried.
3. What would you like to learn about in your English classes?

Inventions

Question (a)
Think of as many examples of the following as you can and write them in the appropriate column:

Answer:

Type of machine	Examples
Simple machines that are operated by hand	Screwdriver, pincers, auger chisel, drill machine, spanner, etc.
Machines that run on electricity	electric motor, fan, air conditioner, hair drier, geyser, mixer, oven, etc.
Electronic devices	Mobile phones, tablets, laptops, computer, speakers, etc.

Question (b)
Write as many uses of the following as you can:
(a) A cloth bag
(b) a wicker basket
(c) a glass bottle or jar
(d) a steel bowl
(e) a thick string or rope
Answer:
(a) a cloth bag: to carry things, for keeping clothes, shopping, using instead of paper bags, etc.
(b) a wicker basket: for keeping fruits, grains, carrying and selling vegetables, fruits, fish, etc.
(c) a glass bottle or jar: for keeping jam, liquids, juice, pickles, water for drinking, for medicine, kerosene, storing liquids, etc.
(d) a steel bowl: to keep eatables while eating, for drinking medicine, while serving curry, dal, shrikhand, aamras, etc.
(e) a thick string or rope: to tie things, to play, to hold things together, used in adventure sports like trekking, mountaineering, etc., to tether cattle.

English Workshop:

1. Write what is implied in the following sentence:

Question (a)
But few know his inspirational life story, which is all about courage and fighting against the odds. (What does it tell you about Faraday’s life?)
Answer:
Faraday was born in a poverty-stricken family, suffered from a speech defect as a child, had to start working at the age of thirteen. Poor Faraday had to struggle hard against all odds because he had no social status, no money and no education. Even then he toiled hard and achieved a great success after all his difficulties.

Question (b)
Even then Davy did not have much hope for Faraday: (Choose the correct question tag.)

1. didn’t he?
2. have he?
3. does he?
4. did he?

Answer:
Even then Davy did not have much hope for Faraday, did he?

Question (c)
People started telling Davy that of all his discoveries, the best was Faraday himself. (What does it suggest about Davy’s work?)

2. Break the passage into convenient smaller sections. Give sub-headings or titles to each section:

Question 1.
Break the passage into convenient smaller sections. Give sub-headings or titles to each section:
Answer:
1. Passage: Michael Faraday is regarded as ………….. produce the first consistent light bulb.
Title: Faraday’s childhood and his work as a bookbinder.

2. Passage: That day in 1812 Faraday ………………. to see some Davy’s leading experiments.
Title: Faraday’s association with Davy.

3. Passage: Even then Davy did not have much ……………….. born out of mockery directed at Faraday.
Title: Faraday discovered the ‘induction motor’

4. Passage: Faraday became a celebrity scientist ………………. inspire him during difficult times.
Title: Davy’s jealousy and Faraday’s failure!

5. Passage: In 1829, Davy died and Faraday concept called polarization.
Title: 1. Faraday becomes head of Davy’s laboratory.
2. Finds concept of polarization.

6. Passage: He then took the age-old experiment ………………. ‘It does not matter who you are’.
Title:
1. Fortune favours Faraday!
2. Association with Maxwell and Maxwell’s equations creates revolution!

3. List the different gadgets and instruments mentioned in the passage. Find more information about at least 3 of them, using the internet:

Question 1.
List the different gadgets and instruments mentioned in the passage. Find more information about at least 3 of them, using the internet:
Answer:
Gadgets and instruments from the lesson:
fans, air conditioning, sewing machines, photographs, power tools, cars, telescopes, microscopes, electrical generators, dynamos, Electronics and communication system, etc.

4. Find out more about the following scientists with the help of the Internet.

Question 1.
Find out more about the following scientists with the help of the Internet.

1. Michael Faraday
2. Humphry Davy
3. Thomas Edison
4. James Maxwell:

(Students do this on their own using the Internet.)

Language Study:

5. Find the following matter in the passage and copy the missing words:

Question 1.
Find the following matter in the passage and copy the missing words:
(Answers are directly underlined.)
(a) When he was twelve, …………………………… school ………………….
(b) One day he came across a book on ………………………….. .
(c) Faraday decided that ………………… scientist
(d) Davy never believed ……………………. science …………………….
(e) People started telling Davy that ……………………. discoveries, ……………………….
(f) He handed him a piece of Bavarian glass, which ……………………. microscopes, ………………….
(g) He went on to prove that …………………… filings;
(h) It was Maxwell who …………………… equations ………………….
Answer:
(a) When he was twelve, his mother was forced to take him out of school.
(b) One day he came across a book on electricity which had been sent to his master for binding.
(c) Faraday decided that day that he wanted to be a great scientist.
(d) Davy never believed Faraday could do anything in the field of science.
(e) People started telling Davy that of all his discoveries, the best was Faraday himself, this made him even more jealous.
(f) He handed him a piece of Bavarian glass, which was used in the lenses in telescopes and microscopes, and asked him to reverse engineer it.
(g) He went on to prove that these patterns were not a property of the iron filings.
(h) It was Maxwell who translated Faraday’s idea into a set of equations that are now called Maxwell’s equations.

6. Now Complete the following sentences using your own words/phrases:

Question 1.
Now Complete the following sentences using your own words/phrases:
(Answers are directly given.)
(a) When he was twelve, ………………………. .
(b) One day he came across a book on ………………… .
(c) He decided that …………………. .
(d) He never believed ……………… .
(e) People started telling that ………………. .
(f) He handed him which ……………………. .
(g) He went on to prove that ………………… .
(h) It was ……………….. who ………………… .
Answer:
(a) When he was twelve, he took lessons in martial arts.
(b) One day he came across a book on ‘How to make friends’.

My English Coursebook 9th Class Solutions Chapter 3.5 Great Scientists Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
State if the following statements are True or False : (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Faraday’s work on electricity is still a subject of study. – True
2. Faraday as a child, had a speech defect. – True
3. Faraday disliked reading. – False
4. The first consistent light bulb was produced by Davy. – False

Question 2.
What is the passage about?
Answer:
The passage is about the great scientists and their qualities.

Question 3.
Complete the following statements by giving reasons: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. Faraday forgot to applaud with the rest of the crowd because he was fully engrossed in Davy’s lecture.
2. Faraday didn’t just want to sell books because he wanted to be a great scientist.
3. Davy decided to hire Faraday as his secretary because a chemical explosion had temporarily blinded Davy.
4. Davy promoted Faraday to his lab assistant because Faraday worked day and night and learnt a lot about Davy’s experiments.

Question 4.
What was the subject of Davy’s lecture?
Answer:
Davy’s lecture was about the mysterious force of electric fluid.

Question 5.
Complete the sentences using the information given in the passage:
(Answers are directly given.)
1. The induction motor spurred a revolution.
2. Davy and William Wollaston were trying to re-create a famous electromagnetism experiment.

Complex Factual Activity:

Question 1.
What were the odds against Faraday in his childhood?
Answer:
Faraday faced many odds as a child. He was born in a very poor family and lived in a dirty London Suburb. He suffered from a speech defect, so much that other children laughed on his pronounces. At the age of twelve he was forced to leave his school and it was the end of his formal education. At the age of thirteen he had to take up working as a bookbinder for living.

Question 2.
What actions and thoughts of Faraday show that he was inspired by Davy?
Answer:
Faraday took notes of Davy’s lecture on ‘mysterious force of electric fluid’s comprehensively. He bound them into a book for giving a gift to Davy someday. From that day he thought of becoming a great scientist and to write his own books. Davy became his role model. He wanted Davy to become his mentor. Though, Davy did not agree, Faraday was not unhappy and disappointed and just kept trying to get his favour.

Question 3.
Was Davy fair in his treatment of Faraday? How did Faraday respond to that treatment?
Answer:
Davy definitely was not fair in his treatment of Faraday. But Faraday was not deterred and was relentless. He continued working hard day and night to learn as much as he could about Davy’s experiments. Though his work was cleaning the labs, Faraday considered himself lucky to get to see some of Davy’s experiments.

Question 4.
What happens when an electric current is applied to a wire?
Answer:
When an electric current is applied to a wire, it causes that wire to behave like a magnet and the forces are connected.

Question 5.
An induction motor is a commonly used electrical machine. What examples of its use are given here?
Answer:
The induction motor is used in fans, air conditioning, sewing machines, photographs, power tools, cars and even trains and aeroplane engines.

Give one example each to show that –

Question (a)
Faraday was a good pupil.
Answer:
Faraday respected Davy though he was jealous of Faraday. Davy gave him an impossible task to reverse engineer the Bavarian glass but Faraday accepted the assignment despite knowing that it would be very difficult. This shows that Faraday was a good pupil.

Question (b)
Davy was not a good mentor.
Answer:
Davy was jealous of his pupil’s achievement and never helped him in his difficulties. He gave Faraday an impossible task to keep him out of his way. He knew that with the equipment available in the lab, Faraday would never be able to accomplish the task. He wanted to enjoy his pupil’s failure. This shows that Davy was not a good mentor.

Question 1.
Why did Faraday keep a souvenir of his failure as a source of inspiration?
Answer:
Faraday kept a single glass brick on his shelf as a souvenir to remind himself of those difficult days. He wanted to remember his failure and the hard work he had done during those difficult days. He believed that it would inspire him in such difficult days.

Activities based on vocabulary:

What is the meaning of the following sentences:

Question (a)
Reading became his obsession.
Answer:
Faraday’s mind was completely filled with thoughts of reading and he did not think of anything else other than reading.

Question (b)
Electricity became his lifelong fascination.
Answer:
Electricity became Faraday’s very strong attraction lasting all through his life.

Question 1.
Write two compound words from the passage :
Example: bookbinder.
Answer:
1. poverty-stricken
2. lifelong

Question 2.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with the meaning in Column ‘B’:
Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. pursue	(a) a person that you admire and try to follow him/her
2. role model	(b) to continue to do or achieve something
3. mentor	(c) to cheer with claps
4. applaud	(d) an expert who advises and helps less experienced persons

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1.  pursue	(b) to continue to do or achieve something
2. role model	(a) a person that you admire and try to follow him/her
3. mentor	(d) an expert who advises and helps less experienced persons
4. applaud	(c) to cheer with claps

Question 3.
Write four words from the passage that tell us the state of mind of a person :
Answer:

1. spellbound
2. engrossed
3. dejected
4. relentless.

Question 4.
Write words using each letter of the following words:

1. about
2. angry
3. thing
4. from.

Answer:

1. ant, ball, odd, use, table.
2. and, not, give, ray, yes.
3. that, high, inn, note, goat.
4. frog, road, ox, mango.

Question 5.
Choose the correct words from the passage and complete the table:
Answer:

Describing words	The nouns described
1. circular	patterns
2. invisible	magnetic fields
3. formal	education
4. age-old	experiment
5. impossible	tasks
6. empty	space

Question 6.
Find and write the past tense verbs with ‘-ed’ from the passage :
Answer:
filled, disturbed, copied, accepted, favoured, translated, combined, helped, designed, started.

Activities based on contextual grammar:

Question 1.
Write any four words that begin with ‘re-’ as a prefix ;
Answer:

1. rewrite
2. replace
3. replay
4. redirect.

Question 2.
He dismissed Faraday’s aspirations.
(Begin with Faraday’s aspiration-and make the sentence of Passive voice.)
Answer:
Faraday’s aspirations were dismissed by him.

Question 3.
He forgot to applaud with the rest of the crowd.
(Make the sentence negative without changing the meaning.)
Answer:
He did not remember to applaud with the rest of the crowd.

Question 4.
Find and write from the passage the adjectives used for the following nouns :

1. force
2. notes
3. explosion
4. memory.

Answer:

1. mysterious force
2. comprehensive notes
3. chemical explosion
4. excellent memory.

Question 5.
He needed an assistant.
(Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined part of the sentence as an answer.)
Answer:
What did he need?

Question 6.
Use the following phrases in the sentences of your own

1. figure out
2. born out of
3. try one’s hand at
4. to spur a revolution

Answer:

1. He couldn’t figure out the reason behind his friend’s behaviour with him.
2. Every invention is bom out of inquisitiveness.
3. Father asked me to try my hand at preparing the food item.
4. Computers have spurred a revolution in this modern world.

Question 7.
It would be very difficult
(Make it a negative sentence.)
Answer:
It would not be very easy.

Question 8.
He accepted the assignment. (Change the voice.)
Answer:
The assignment was accepted by him.

Frame wh-question to get the underlined part as answers:

Question (a)
He used the same glass now.
Answer:
What did he use now?

Question (b)
They found the strange object under a bench in the garden.
Answer:
Where did they find the strange object?

Question 1.
He was unable to explain them.
(Make it a negative sentence without changing meaning,)
Answer:
He could not explain them.

Question 2.
He made hundreds of such drawings.
(Choose the correct sentence of passive voice.)
(a) Hundreds of such drawings are made by him.
(b) Hundreds of such drawings will be made by him.
(c) Hundreds of such drawings were made by him.
(d) Hundreds of such drawings have made by him.
Answer:
(c) Hundreds of such drawings were made by him.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:

1. p _ ove
2. fi_ld
3. e _ pty
4. mi_ht

Answer:

1. prove
2. field
3. empty
4. might

Question 2.
Copy the following sentences correctly in your notebook:
Answer:
1. He couldn’t even say his own name and would call himself ‘Faraday’.
2. faraday was spellbound by Davy’s lecture in 1812.

Question 3.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:
1. epitomise, generate, convert, accomplish
2. destiny, determine, disturb, dismiss
Answer:
1. accomplish, convert, epitomise, generate.
2. destiny, determine, dismiss, disturb.

Question 4.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. he worked day and night and learnt as much as he could about davys experiments
2. Faraday had a never give up attitude and he respected davy
Answer:
1. He worked day and night and learnt as much as he could about Davy’s experiments.
2. Faraday had a never-give-up attitude and he respected Davy.

Question 5.
Write four small words (minimum letters each) using the letters in the given word: ‘comprehensive’:
Answer:

1. come
2. cohesive
3. hen
4. hive.

Spot the error and circle it. Then rewrite the corrected sentence:

Question 1.

Answer:
Our teacher was absent yesterday.

Question 2.

Answer:
She has forgotten her notebook in school.

Write related words as shown in the example: (Answers are directly given.)

Question 1.
Write related words as shown in the example: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Complete the following word-chain with any four words. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:

Question (a)
Complete the following word-chain with any four words. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:
poverty → ………. → ………. → ………… → ………….
Answer:
poverty → yank → knowing → gorgeous → slap.

Question 2.
Make a meaningful sentence by using the following phrase in your own sentence, “for a while”.
Answer:
Please wait for a while, I will come with you.

Question 3.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words and use one of the root words in your own sentence:
1. ignore
2. achieve
Answer:
1. ignorance
2. achievement.
Sentence: We should not ignore our duties towards our motherland.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences using your own words: (Answers are directly given.)
OR
Add a clause to expand the sentence meaningfully:
(One senteces will be asked in the activity sheet)
Answer:

1. He went on to prove that the pug marks found in the mud were not of a dog but of a tiger’s.
2. It was Sardar Patel who led the famous Bardoli Satyagraha.
3. This is where his decision went against him.
4. He did not know much about the customs of the Adivasis.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Why do you think Faraday’s friend gave him a free ticket to Davy’s programme?
Answer:
I think, the friend knew that Faraday was poor and could not afford to buy a ticket for such a big programme. He also must be knowing about Faraday’s fascination about the subject of electricity, and that would be a great opportunity for him to attend the lecture of the renowned scientist Humphry Davy’s work on the subject chemicals and electrical lighting.

Question 2.
Is it necessary to have social status, money to pursue your goal? Explain why.
Answer:
I think it is not necessary to have social status or money to pursue our goal. Only that, you must have a dream to achieve the goal and continue to work hard towards it. You must keep on trying day and night with perseverance and sincerity.

Question 3.
Write what is implied in the following sentence: Even then Davy did not have much hope for Faraday. (What do the words ‘even then’ suggest?)
Answer:
Faraday wanted to be a great scientist. But Davy dismissed all his aspirations in the field of science. He made Faraday his secretary then his lab assistant. Faraday worked day and night and learnt about Davy’s experiments. Even after doing such hard work and getting knowledge and experience Davy was not hopeful about Faraday’s scientific career, because of his social status and education.

Question 4.
Write what is implied in the following sentence: People started telling Davy that of all his discoveries, the best was Faraday himself. (What does it suggest about Davy’s work?)
Answer:
Humphry Davy was a renowned chemist who made many discoveries about chemicals and electrical lighting. Faraday wanted Davy to become his mentor but Davy never believed in Faraday’s ability and always tried to keep him away from the experiments he was doing. Davy became jealous of Faraday when he became a celebrity scientist overnight. But Faraday did not receive recognition for his success from Davy. So people started telling Davy that Faraday himself was his best discovery.

Question 5.
Do you agree with Faraday’s following quotation? Explain with his own examples:
‘In order to succeed, your desire for success should be greater than your fear of failure’.
Answer:
Yes. I fully agree with Faraday’s quotation. He wants to say that if you want to get success you should never fear of failures. If your desire for success is greater than your fear of failures, you can definitely achieve your success with determination and perseverance. Davy asked him to reverse engineer Bavarian glass. He toiled hard but failed to do it. He had lost his memory but the disease did not stop him. His failures did not become obstacles in the way of his success.

Question 6.
When you wish to achieve some goal, does it matter what you are?
Answer:
No. When you wish to achieve some goal it does not matter who you are. You may not have status in the society or wealth or even education but still you can achieve your goal with hard work, perseverance, conviction, keen observation and intelligence.

Activity:

Question (a)
Information about 3 gadgets/instruments
Answer:
1. Telescopes:
A telescope is an optical instrument that aids the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light). The first known practical telescope was invented in Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century, by using glass lenses. It has use in both terrestrial applications and astronomy. There are many types of telescopes, for example, radio telescope, X-ray telescope, optical telescope, etc. They are generally made up of two lenses placed at a fixed distance to enlarge far away images.

2. Fan:
A fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangements of blades which act on the fluid. The rotating assembly of blades and hub is I known as rotor. A fan concentrates the airflow in the required direction. The punkah fan was used in India about 500 BC. It was a handheld fan made of bamboo strips and other plant fibre. This evolved over the years to the modern fans we see in our rooms daily now.

3. Sewing machine:
It is a machine used to stitch fabric and other material together with a thread. Sewing machines were invented during the Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work. In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles but the earlier sewing machines were partially manual and helped the tailor do the stitching faster saving his time.

Inventions

Question 1.
Choose any one machine or device and prepare a short note about it. Use the points given in margin of the textbook page no. 88.
Answer:

A Note on Fan

A fan is a machine/device used to create flow within fluid, typically a gas such as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangement of blades that act on air concentrating the flow of air in one direction. The rotating assembly of blades and motor is known as rotor. Fans are powered by electricity. The ‘punkha’ (fan) was used in India about 500 BC. It was handheld fan made of bamboo. These fans evolved after centuries to the fans, we see today in our homes.