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Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 23 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 23

Question 1.
What is \(\frac{1}{3}\) of each of the collections given below?

(1) 15 pencils
(2) 21 balloons
(3) 9 children
(4) 18 books
Answer:
(1) 15 pencils → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 15 = 5, 15 ÷ 3 = 5 pencils.
(2) 21 baloons → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 21 = 7,21 ÷ 3 = 7 baloons.
(3) 9 children → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 9 = 3, 9 ÷ 3 = 3 chi1dren.
(4) 18 books → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 18 = 6, 18 ÷ 3 = 6 books.

Question 2.
What is \(\frac{1}{5}\) of each of the following?
(1) 20 rupees
(2) 30 km
(3) 15 litres
(4) 25 cm
Answer:
(1) 20 rupees → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 20 = 4, 20 ÷ 5 = 4 rupees.
(2) 30 km → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 30 = 6, 30 ÷ 5 = 6km.
(3) 15 litres → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 15 = 3, 15 ÷ 5 = 3 litres.
(4) 25 cm → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 25 = 5, 25 ÷ 5 = 5cm.

Question 3.
Find the part of each of the following numbers equal to the given fraction.

(1) \(\frac{2}{3}\) of 30
Solution:
\(\frac{2}{3}\) x 30 So, we take \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 30, twice
\(\frac{1}{3}\) x 30 = 10, twice of 10 is 2 x 10 = 20
It means that \(\frac{2}{3}\) x 30 = 20

(2) \(\frac{7}{11}\) of 22
Solution:
\(\frac{7}{11}\) x 22 So, we take of 22, 7 times
\(\frac{1}{11}\) x 22 = 2, seven times of 2 is 2 x 7 = 14

(3) \(\frac{3}{8}\) of 64
Solution:
\(\frac{3}{8}\) x 64 So, we take \(\frac{1}{8}\) of 64, thrice
\(\frac{1}{8}\) x 64 = 8, 3 times 8 is 3 x 8 = 24

(4) \(\frac{5}{13}\) of 65
Solution:
\(\frac{5}{13}\) x 65 So, we take \(\frac{1}{13}\) of 65, 5 times
\(\frac{1}{13}\) x 65 = 55 times of 5 is 5 x 5 = 25

Mixed fractions

Half of each of the three circles is coloured. That is, 3 parts, each equal to \(\frac{1}{2}\) of the circle, are coloured.

The coloured part is \(\frac{1}{2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2}\), that is, \(\frac{3}{2}\) or 1 + \(\frac{1}{2}\).

1 + \(\frac{1}{2}\) is written as 1 \(\frac{1}{2}\). 1 \(\frac{1}{2}\) is read as ‘one and one upon two’.

In the fraction 1 \(\frac{1}{2}\), 1 is the integer part and \(\frac{1}{2}\) is the fraction part. Hence, such fractions are called mixed fractions or mixed numbers. 2 \(\frac{1}{4}\), 3 \(\frac{2}{5}\), 7 \(\frac{4}{9}\) are all mixed fractions.

Fractions in which the numerator is greater than the denominator are called improper fractions.

\(\frac{3}{2}\), \(\frac{5}{3}\) are improper fractions. We can convert improper fractions into mixed fractions.

For example,

Activities
1. Colour the Hats.

In the picture alongside :
Colour \(\frac{1}{3}\) of the hats red.
Colour \(\frac{3}{5}\) of the hats blue.
How many hats have you coloured red?
How many hats have you coloured blue?
How many are still not coloured?

2. Make a Magic Spinner.

Take a white cardboard disc. As shown in the figure, divide it into six equal parts.

Colour the parts red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.

Make a small hole at the centre of the disc and fix a pointed stick in the hole.

Your magic spinner is ready.

What fraction of the disc is each of the coloured parts?
Give the disc a strong tug to make it turn fast. What colour does it appear to be now?

The Clever Poet

There was a king who had a great love for literature. A certain poet knew that if the king read a good poem it made him very happy. Then the king would give the poet an award. Once, the poet composed a good poem. He thought if he showed it to the king, he would win a prize. So, he went to the king’s palace. But, it was not easy to meet the king. You had to pass a number of gates and guards. The first guard asked the poet why he wanted to meet the king. So, the poet told him the reason. Seeing the chance of getting a share of the award, the guard demanded, ‘You must

give me \(\frac{1}{10}\) of your prize. Only then will I let you go in.’ The poet could do nothing but agree. The second guard stopped him and said, ‘I will let you go in only if you promise me \(\frac{2}{5}\) of your prize.’ The third guard, too, was a greedy man. He said, ‘I will not let you go, unless you promise me \(\frac{1}{4}\) of your prize.’ The king’s palace was just a little distance away. Now, the poet told the guard, ‘Why only \(\frac{1}{4}\), I shall give you half the prize!’ The guard was pleased and let him in.

The king liked the poem. He asked the poet, ‘What is the prize you want?’ ‘I shall be happy if Your Majesty awards me 100 lashes of the whip.’ The king was surprised. ‘Are you out of your mind!’ he exclaimed. ‘I have never met anyone so crazy as to ask for a whipping !’

‘Your Majesty, if you wish to know the reason, the three palace guards must be called here.’ When the guards came, the poet explained, ‘Your Majesty, all of them have a share in the 100 lashes that you have awarded to me. Each of them has fixed his own share of the prize I get. The first guard

must get \(\frac{1}{10}\) of the award, that is, [ ] lashes. The second must get \(\frac{2}{5}\), which is [ ], and the third must get half the award, that is, [ ] lashes !’ The king could now see how greedy the guards were and how clever the poet was. He saw to it that each guard got the punishment he deserved. He gave the poet a prize for his poem. He also gave him an extra 100 gold coins for exposing the greed of the guards.

What was the clever idea of the poet which the king appreciated so much?

Fractions Problem Set 23 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is \(\frac{1}{3}\) of each of the collections given below?

(1) 24 marbles →
(2) 6 erasers →
Answer:
(1) 24 marbles → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 24 = 8, 24 ÷ 3 = 8 marbles.
(1) 6 erasers → \(\frac{1}{3}\) of 6 = 2, 6 ÷ 3 = 2 erasers.

Question 2.
What is \(\frac{1}{5}\) of each of the following?

(1) 35 gm →
(2) 40m →
Answer:
(1) 35 gm → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 35 = 7, 35 ÷ 5 = 7 gm.
(2) 40m → \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 40 = 8, 40 ÷ 5 = 8m.

Question 3.
Find the part of each of the following numbers equal to the given fraction:

(1) \(\frac{7}{9}\) of 45
Solution:
\(\frac{7}{9}\) x 45 So, we take \(\frac{1}{9}\) of 45, 7 times
\(\frac{1}{9}\) x 45 = 5, 7 times of 5 is 7 x 5 = 35

(2) \(\frac{3}{7}\) of 28
Solution:
\(\frac{3}{7}\) x 28 So, we take \(\frac{1}{7}\) of 28, thrice
\(\frac{1}{7}\) x 28 = 4, 3 times of 4 is 4 x 3 = 12

Question 4.
Find the proper number in the box:








Answer:
(1) 3
(2) 36
(3) 3
(4) 7
(5) 8, 18
(6) 12, 6
(7) 9, 16, 20, 24
(8) 15, 20, 35, 36, 55

Question 5.
Find an equivalent fraction with denominator 3, for each of the following fractions.

Answer:

Question 6.
Find an equivalent fraction with numerator 30 for each of the following fractions.

Answer:

Question 7.
Find two equivalent fractions for each of the following fraction.
\(\text { (1) } \frac{5}{7}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{8}{9}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{7}{13}\)
Answer:
(1)
(2)
(3)

Question 8.
Match the columns (A) and (B) for having equivalent fractions:

	(A)	(B)
(1)	\(\frac{3}{4}\)	(a) \(\frac{15}{27}\)
(2)	\(\frac{5}{9}\)	(b) \(\frac{2}{3}\)
(3)	\(\frac{7}{11}\)	(c) \(\frac{27}{36}\)
(4)	\(\frac{8}{12}\)	(d) \(\frac{28}{44}\)

Answer:
(1) ↔ (c)
(2) ↔ (a)
(3) ↔ (d)
(4) ↔ (b)

Question 9.
Convert the given fractions into like fractions:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{1}{10}, \frac{2}{3}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{3}{7}, \frac{4}{5}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{1}{3}, \frac{3}{5}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{1}{4}, \frac{2}{5}\)
Answer:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{3}{30}, \frac{20}{30}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{15}{35}, \frac{28}{35}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{5}{15}, \frac{9}{15}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{5}{20}, \frac{8}{20}\)

Question 10.
Write the proper symbol from <, > or = in the box:





Answer:
(1) >
(2) >
(3) >
(4) >
(5) >

Question 11.
Add the following:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{1}{6}+\frac{2}{6}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{5}{13}+\frac{2}{13}+\frac{3}{13}\)
\(\text { (4) } \frac{2}{9}+\frac{3}{7}\)
\(\text { (5) } \frac{3}{11}+\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\text { (6) } \frac{1}{10}+\frac{4}{5}\)
Answer:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{3}{6}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{4}{4}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{10}{13}\)
\(\text { (4) } \frac{41}{63}\)
\(\text { (5) } \frac{31}{33}\)
\(\text { (6) } \frac{9}{10}\)

Question 12.
Subtract the following:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{5}{6}-\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{3}{5}-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{7}{16}-\frac{3}{16}-\frac{1}{16}\)
\(\text { (4) } \frac{5}{6}-\frac{7}{12}\)
\(\text { (5) } \frac{13}{16}-\frac{5}{8}\)
\(\text { (6) } \frac{4}{9}-\frac{3}{10}\)
Answer:
\(\text { (1) } \frac{4}{6}\)
\(\text { (2) } \frac{1}{5}\)
\(\text { (3) } \frac{3}{16}\)
\(\text { (4) } \frac{3}{12}\)
\(\text { (5) } \frac{3}{13}\)
\(\text { (6) } \frac{13}{90}\)

Question 13.
What is \(\frac{1}{4}\) of each of the collections given below:
(1) 20 marbles
(2) 12 pens
(3) 24 notebooks
(4) 8 ladoos
Answer:
(1) 5 marbles
(2) 3 pens
(3) 6 notebooks
(4) 2 ladoos

Question 14.
What is \(\frac{1}{6}\) of each of the following:
(1) 18 bananas
(2) 12 gms
(3) 30 metres
(4) 24 ₹
Answer:
(1) 3 bananas
(2) 2 gms
(3) 5 metres
(4) 4 ₹

Question 15.
Find the part of each of the following numbers equal to the given fraction.
(1) \(\frac{2}{5}\) of 25
(2) \(\frac{3}{7}\) of 21
(3) \(\frac{4}{9}\) of 36
(4) \(\frac{4}{17}\) of 34
Answer:
(1) 10
(2) 9
(3) 16
(4) 8

Question 16.
Printed price of. the book was 80. Vikram purchased the book by paying of the printed price of the book. How much he paid for the book?
Answer:
64 ₹

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 22 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 22

Question 1.
Add the following:

\(\text { (1) } \frac{1}{8}+\frac{3}{4}\)
Solution:
The smallest common multiple of 4 and 8 is 8. So making 8 is the common denominator of the given fractions.

Answer:
\(\frac{7}{8}\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{2}{21}+\frac{3}{7}\)
Solution:
21 is the multiple of 7. So making 21 as denominator of both the fractions.

Answer:
\(\frac{11}{21}\)

\(\text { (3) } \frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{3}\)
Solution:
Least common multiple of 5 and 3 is 15. So making common denominator of both the fractions 15.

Answer:
\(\frac{11}{15}\)

\(\text { (4) } \frac{2}{7}+\frac{1}{2}\)
Solution:
Smallest common multiple of 2 and 7 is 14. So, making denominator of both the fractions 14.

Answer:
\(\frac{11}{14}\)

\(\text { (5) } \frac{3}{9}+\frac{3}{5}\)
Solution:
Smallest common multiple of 9 and 5 is 45.

Answer:
\(\frac{42}{45}\)

Question 2.
Subtract the following:

\(\text { (1) } \frac{3}{10}-\frac{1}{20}\)
Solution:
20 is the multiples of 10. So,


Answer:
\(\frac{5}{20}\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\)
Solution:
4 is the multiple of 2. So,

Answer:
\(\frac{1}{4}\)

\(\text { (3) } \frac{6}{14}-\frac{2}{7}\)
Solution:
14 is the multiples of 7. So,

Answer:
\(\frac{2}{14}\)

\(\text { (4) } \frac{4}{6}-\frac{3}{5}\)
Solution:
Smallest common multiple of 6 and 5 is 30. So,

Answer:
\(\frac{2}{30}\)

\(\text { (5) } \frac{2}{7}-\frac{1}{4}\)
Solution:
Smallest common multiple of 7 and 4 is 28.

Answer:
\(\frac{1}{28}\)

A fraction of a collection and a multiple of a fraction

\(\frac{1}{4}\) of a collection of 20 dots – \(\frac{1}{2}\) of a collection of 20 dots

\(\frac{3}{4}\) of a collection of 20 dots

Twice 5 is 10 – \(\frac{1}{2}\) times 10

Thrice 5 – \(\frac{1}{3}\) times 15

\(\frac{1}{3}\) times 15

Meena has 5 rupees. Tina has twice as many rupees. That is, Tina has 5 × 2 = 10 rupees. Meena has half as many rupees as Tina, that is, \(\frac{1}{2}\) of 10, or, 5 rupees.

Ramu has to travel a distance of 20 km. If he has travelled \(\frac{4}{5}\) of the distance by car, how many kilometres did he travel by car?
\(\frac{4}{5}\) of 20 km is 20 × \(\frac{4}{5}\). So, we take \(\frac{1}{5}\) of 20, 4 times.
\(\frac{1}{5}\) of 20 = 4. 4 times 4 is 4 × 4 = 16.
It means that 20 × \(\frac{4}{5}\) = 16.
Ramu travelled a distance of 16 kilometres by car.

Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 13 Additional Important Questions and Answers

\(\text { (1) } \frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{12}\)
Solution:
12 is the multiple of 6

Answer:
\(\frac{11}{12}\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{1}{9}+\frac{2}{3}\)
Solution:
Here 9 is the multiples of 3. So, making like fractions of denominator 9, we get

Answer:
\(\frac{7}{9}\)

Subtract the following:

\(\text { (1) } \frac{4}{9}-\frac{2}{5}\)
Solution:
Common multiple of 9 and 5 is 45

Answer:
\(\frac{2}{45}\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{7}{8}\)

Answer:
\(\frac{3}{8}\)

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 20 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 20

Question 1.
Add the following
\(\text { (1) } \frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}=\frac{1+3}{5}=\frac{4}{5}\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{2}{7}+\frac{4}{7}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2}{7}+\frac{4}{7}=\frac{2+4}{7}=\frac{6}{7}\)

\(\text { (3) } \frac{7}{12}+\frac{2}{12}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{2}{12}=\frac{7+2}{12}=\frac{9}{12}\)

\(\text { (4) } \frac{2}{9}+\frac{7}{9}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2}{9}+\frac{7}{9}=\frac{2+7}{9}=\frac{9}{9}=1\)

\(\text { (5) } \frac{3}{15}+\frac{4}{15}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{3}{15}+\frac{4}{15}=\frac{3+4}{15}=\frac{7}{15}\)

\(\text { (6) } \frac{2}{7}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{3}{7}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2}{7}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{3}{7}=\frac{2+1+3}{7}=\frac{6}{7}\)

\(\text { (7) } \frac{2}{10}+\frac{4}{10}+\frac{3}{10}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2}{10}+\frac{4}{10}+\frac{3}{10}=\frac{2+4+3}{10}=\frac{9}{10}\)

\(\text { (8) } \frac{4}{9}+\frac{1}{9}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{4}{9}+\frac{1}{9}=\frac{4+1}{9}=\frac{5}{9}\)

\(\text { (9) } \frac{5}{8}+\frac{3}{8}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{5}{8}+\frac{3}{8}=\frac{5+3}{8}=\frac{8}{8}=1\)

Question 2.
Mother gave \(\frac{3}{8}\) of one guava to Meena and \(\frac{2}{8}\) of the guava to Geeta. What part of the guava did she give them altogether?
Solution:
\(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{2}{8}=\frac{3+2}{8}=\frac{5}{8}\) given altogether
Answer:
\(\frac{5}{8}\) part of guava given altogether

Question 3.
The girls of Std V cleaned \(\frac{3}{4}\) of a field while the boys cleaned \(\frac{1}{4}\). What part of the field was cleaned altogether?
Solution:
Girls cleaned + Boys cleaned
\(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3+1}{4}=\frac{4}{4}=1\)
Answer:
Full whole field cleaned altogether.

Subtraction of like fractions

A figure is divided into 5 equal parts and 4 of them are colored. That is, \(\frac{4}{5}\) part of the figure is coloured.

Now, we remove the colour from one of the coloured parts. That is, we subtract \(\frac{1}{5}\) from \(\frac{4}{5}\). The remaining coloured part is \(\frac{3}{5}\). Therefore, \(\frac{4}{5}\) – \(\frac{1}{5}\) = \(\frac{4-1}{5}\) = \(\frac{3}{5}\).

When subtracting a fraction from another like fraction, we write the difference between the numerators in the numerator and the common denominator in the denominator.

Example (1) Subtract : \(\frac{7}{13}\) – \(\frac{5}{13}\)

These two fractions have a common denominator. So, we shall subtract the second numerator from the first and write the denominator as it is.
\(\frac{7}{13}-\frac{5}{13}=\frac{7-5}{13}=\frac{2}{13}\)

Example (2) If Raju got \(\frac{5}{12}\) part of a sugarcane and Sanju got \(\frac{3}{12}\) part, how much was the extra part that Raju got?

To find out the difference, we must subtract.
\(\frac{5}{12}-\frac{3}{12}=\frac{5-3}{12}=\frac{2}{12}\). Thus, Raju got \(\frac{2}{12}\) extra.

Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 13 Additional Important Questions and Answers

\(\text { (1) } \frac{3}{6}+\frac{2}{6}+\frac{1}{6}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{3}{6}+\frac{2}{6}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{3+2+1}{6}=\frac{6}{6}=1\)

\(\text { (2) } \frac{4}{10}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{2}{10}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{4}{10}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{2}{10}=\frac{4+1+3+2}{10}=\frac{10}{10}=1\)

\(\text { (3) } \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1+1}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)

Solve the following word problems:

Question 1.
of journey travelled by A and of journey travelled by B. What part of the journey travelled by both field was cleaned altogether?
Solution:
Travelled by A + Travelled by B
\(\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}=\frac{3+2}{5}=\frac{5}{5}=1\)
Answer:
Full (whole) journey travelled by both.

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 24 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 24

Complete the following table.

Answer:

The protractor

A protractor is used to measure an angle and also to draw an angle according to a given measure.

The picture opposite shows a protractor.

A protractor is semi-circular in shape.

The semi-circular edge of a protractor is divided into 180 equal parts. Each part is ‘one degree’. ‘One degree’ is written as ‘1°’.

The divisions on a protractor, i.e., the degrees can be marked in two ways. The divisions 0, 10, 20, 30,…180 are marked anticlockwise or from right to left; the divisions 0, 10, 20, 30,…180 are also marked clockwise, or serially from left to right.

The centre of the circle of which the protractor is a half part, is called the centre of the protractor. A diameter of that circle is the baseline or line of reference of the protractor.

Measuring angles

Observe how to measure ∠ABC given alongside, using a protractor.

1. First, put the centre of the protractor on the vertex B of the angle. Place the baseline of the protractor exactly on arm BC. The arms of the angle do not reach the divisions on the protractor.

2. At such times, set the protractor aside and extend the arms of the angle. Extending the arms of the angle does not change the measure of the angle.

3. The angle is measured starting from the zero on that side of the vertex on which the arm of the angle lies. Here, the arm BC is on the right of the vertex B. Therefore, count the divisions starting from the 0 on the right. See which mark falls on arm BA. Read the number on that mark. This number is the measure of the angle.

The measure of∠ABC is 40°.

We can measure the same ∠ABC by positioning the protractor differently.

1. First put the centre point of the protractor on vertex B of the angle. Align the baseline of the protractor with arm BA.
2. Find the 0 mark on the side of BA. Count the marks starting from the 0 on the side of point A. See which mark falls on arm BC. Read the number at that point.

Observe that here, too, the measure of ∠ABC is 40°.

See how the angles given below have been measured with the help of a protractor.

Chapter 6 Angles Problem Set 24 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Observing the adjacent figure, answer the following questions. Write the name of (1) all angles (2) Vertex of the angles (3) aims of the angles.
Solution:
(1) ZXOY, ZYOZ, ¿XOZ
(2) Vertex of the angles is ‘O’
(3) arms of Z)OY are OX and UY
arms of ZYOZ are UY and OZ
arms of ZXOZ are OX and OZ

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 21 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 21

Question 1.
Subtract the following.

\(\text { (1) } \frac{5}{7}-\frac{1}{7}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (2) } \frac{5}{8}-\frac{3}{8}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (3) } \frac{7}{9}-\frac{2}{9}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (4) } \frac{8}{11}-\frac{5}{11}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (5) } \frac{9}{13}-\frac{4}{13}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (6) } \frac{7}{10}-\frac{3}{10}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (7) } \frac{9}{12}-\frac{2}{12}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (8) } \frac{10}{15}-\frac{3}{15}\)
Answer:

Question 2.
\(\frac{7}{10}\) of a wall is to be painted. Ramu has painted 410 of it. How much more needs to be painted?
Solution:
To be painted – painted

Answer:
\(\frac{3}{10}\) more needs to be painted.

Addition and subtraction of unlike fractions

Example (1) Add : \(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{6}\)

First let us show the fraction \(\frac{2}{3}\) by coloring two of the three equal parts on a strip.

You have learnt to add and to subtract fractions with common denominators. Here, we have to add the fraction \(\frac{1}{6}\) to the fraction \(\frac{2}{3}\).

So let us divide each part on this strip into two equal parts. \(\frac{4}{6}\) is a fraction equivalent to \(\frac{2}{3}\). Now, as 16 is to be added to \(\frac{2}{3}\) i.e. to \(\frac{4}{6}\), we shall colour one more of the six parts on the strip. Now, the total coloured part is \(\frac{5}{6}\).

Therefore,
That is,

Example (2) Add : \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{5}\)
Here, the smallest common multiple of the two denominators is 10. So, we shall change the denominator of both fractions to 10.

Example (3) Add : \(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{1}{16}\)
Here, 16 is twice 8. So, we shall change the denominator of both fractions to 16.

Example (4) Subtract : \(\frac{3}{4}-\frac{5}{8}\)
Let us make 8 the common denominator of the given fractions.

Example (5) Subtract : \(\frac{4}{5}-\frac{2}{3}\)
The smallest common multiple of the denominators is 15. So, we shall change the denominator of both fractions to 15.

Addition and Subtraction Problem Set 13 Additional Important Questions and Answers

\(\text { (1) } \frac{9}{14}-\frac{3}{14}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (2) } \frac{5}{6}-\frac{3}{6}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (3) } \frac{9}{16}-\frac{5}{16}\)
Answer:

\(\text { (4) } \frac{7}{8}-\frac{3}{8}-\frac{1}{8}\)
Answer:

(5) \(\frac{7}{9}\) part of the work done by Neha and Supriya together. \(\frac{5}{9}\) part of this work was done by Neha. How much work done by Supriya?
Solution:
Total work done – work done by Neha = work done by Supriya

Answer:
\(\frac{2}{9}\) work done by Supriya

(6) Mr. Sharma is \(\frac{14}{9}\) m tall. Mrs. Sharma is \(\frac{4}{9}\) shorter than him. What is Mrs. Sharma’s height?
Solution:
Mrs. Sharma’s height

Answer:
Mrs. Sharma’s height = \(\frac{10}{9}\)

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 15 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 15

Question 1.
Solve the following and write the quotient and remainder.
(1) 1284 ÷ 32
Solution :

Quotient = 40
Remainder = 4

(2) 5586 ÷ 87
Solution :

Quotient = 64
Remainder =18

(3) 1207 ÷ 27
Solution:

Quotient = 44
Remainder =19

(4) 8543 ÷ 41
Solution :

Quotient = 208
Remainder =15

(5) 2304 ÷ 43
Solution:

Quotient = 53
Remainder = 25

(6) 56,741 ÷ 26
Solution:

Quotient =2182
Remainder = 9

Question 2.
How many hours will it take to travel 336 km at a speed of 48 km per hour?
Solution:
Time = Distance ÷ Speed

Answer:
It will take 7 hours.

Question 3.
Girija needed 35 cartons to pack 1400 books. There are an equal number of books in every carton. How many books did she pack into each carton?
Solution:
No. of cartons x No. of books in each carton = Total no. of books 35 x No. of books in each carton = 1400 No. of books in each carton = 1400 35

Answer:
She packs 40 books in each carton.

Question 4.
The contribution for a picnic was 65 rupees each. Altogether, 2925 rupees were collected. How many had paid for the picnic?
Solution:

Answer:
45 persons paid for the picnic.

Question 5.
Which number, on being multiplied by 56, gives a product of 9688?
Solution:

Answer:
173

Question 6.
If 48 sheets are required for making one notebook, how many notebooks at the most will 5880 sheets make and how many sheets will be left over?
Solution:

Answer:
122 notebooks can be made and 24 sheets left over.

Question 7.
What will the quotient be when the smallest five-digit number is divided by the smallest four-digit number?
Solution:
Smallest five-digit number is 10,000 and smallest four-digit number is 1,000.
So, 10000 ÷ 1000 = 10

Answer:
Quotient = 10

Mixed examples

A farmer brought 140 trays of chilli seedlings. Each tray had 24 seedlings. He planted all the seedlings in his field, putting 32 in a row. How many rows of chillies did he plant?

Let us find out the total number of seedlings when there were 24 seedlings in each of the 140 trays. We shall multiply 140 and 24.

Total number of seedlings 3,360.
To find out how many rows were planted with 32 seedlings in each row, we shall divide 3,360 by 32.
The quotient is 105.
Therefore, the number of rows is 105.
Carry out the multiplication of 105 × 32 and verify your answer.

Multiplication and Division Problem Set 15 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Solve the following and write the quotient and remainder.

(1) 9148 ÷ 37
Solution

Quotient = 247
Remainder = 9

(2) 1175 ÷ 15
Solution :

Quotient =78
Remainder = 5

Solve the following word problems:

(1) If 45 kg of sugar cost 1305 rupees, what is the rate of sugar per kg?
Solution:

Answer:
The rate per kg of sugar is 29 rupees.

(2) 17 people spent ₹ 83,475. How much did each person spend and what is the amount left?
Solution:

Answer:
Each person spent ₹ 4,910 and the amount left is ₹ 5

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 14 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 14

Question 1.
Multiply the following:

(1) 327 × 92
Solution:
3 2 7
x
9 2
_____
6 5 4
+
2 9 4 3 0
Answer:
3 0 0 8 4

(2) 807 × 126
Solution:
8 0 7
x
1 2 6
______
4 8 4 2
+
1 6 1 4 0
+
8 0 7 0 0
Answer:
1 0 1 6 8 2

(3) 567 × 890
Solution:
5 6 7
x
8 9 0
______
0 0 0
+
5 1 0 3 0
+
4 5 3 6 0 0
Answer:
5 0 4 6 3 0

(4) 4317 × 824
Solution:
4 3 1 7
8 2 4
1 7 2 6 8
+ 8 6 3 4 0
3 4 5 3 6 0 0
Answer:
3 5 5 7 2 0 8

(5) 6092 × 203
Solution:
6 0 9 2
x
2 0 3
______
1 8 2 7 6
+
0 0 0 0 0
+
1 2 1 8 4 0 0
Answer:
1 2 3 6 6 7 6

(6) 1177 × 99
Solution:
1 1 7 7
x
9 9
1 0 5 9 3
+
1 0 5 9 3 0
Answer:
1 1 6 5 2 3

(7) 456 × 187
Solution:
4 5 6
x
1 8 7
3 1 9 2
+
3 6 4 8 0
+
4 5 6 0 0
Answer:
8 5 2 7 2

(8) 6543 × 79
Solution:
6 5 4 3
x
7 9
5 8 8 8 7
+
4 5 8 0 1 0
Answer:
5 1 6 8 9 7

(9) 2306 × 832
Solution:
2 3 0 6
x
8 3 2
______
4 6 1 2
+
6 9 1 8 0
+
1 8 4 4 8 0 0
______
Answer:
1 9 1 8 5 9 2

(10) 6429 × 509
Solution:
6 4 2 9
x
5 0 9
______
5 7 8 6 1
+
0 0 0 0 0
+
3 2 1 4 5 0 0
Answer:
3 2 7 2 3 6 1

(11) 4,321 × 678
Solution:
4 3 2 1
x
6 7 8
_____
3 4 5 6 8
3 0 2 4 7 0
2 5 9 2 6 0 0
_______
Answer:
2 9 2 9 6 3 8

(12) 20,304 × 87
Solution:
2 0 3 0 4
x
8 7
1 4 2 1 2 8
+
1 6 2 4 3 2 0
_________
Answer:
1 7 6 6 4 4 8

Question 2.
As part of the ‘Avoid Plastic’ campaign, each of 745 students made 25 paper bags. What was the total number of paper bags made ?
Solution:
7 4 5 Number of students
x
2 5 bags made by each
___________
3 7 2 5
+
1 4 9 0 0
__________
1 8 6 2 5
__________

Answer:
18,625 bags made

Question 3.
In a plantation, saplings of 215 medicinal trees have been planted in each of the 132 rows of trees. How many saplings are there in the plantation altogether ?
Solution:
2 1 5 Saplings in each now
x
1 3 2 Number of rows
__________
4 3 0
+
6 4 5 0
+
2 1 5 0 0
__________
2 8 3 8 0
__________

Answer:
Altogether there is 28,380 saplings.

Question 4.
One computer costs 27,540 rupees. How much will 18 such computers cost ?

Solution:
2 7 5 4 0 Cost of 1 computer
x
1 8 No. of computers
__________
2 2 0 3 2 0
+
2 7 5 4 0 0
___________
4 9 5 7 2 0
__________

Answer:
4,95,720 rupees cost of 18 computers.

Question 5.
Under the ‘Inspire Awards’ scheme, 5000 rupees per student were granted for the purchase of science project materials. If 154 students in a certain taluka were covered under the scheme, find the total amount granted to that taluka.

Solution:
₹ 5 0 0 0 Granted per student
x 1 5 4 Number of students
__________
2 0 0 0 0
+
2 5 0 0 0 0
+
5 0 0 0 0 0
______________
₹ 7 7 0 0 0 0
______________

Answer:
7,70,0000 granted totally

Question 6.
If a certain two-wheeler costs 53,670 rupees, how much will 35 such two-wheelers cost ?
Solution:
5 3 7 6 0 Cost of 1 two-wheeler
x 3 5 No. of two-wheelers
___________
2 6 8 8 0 0
+
1 6 1 2 8 0 0
_____________
1 8 8 1 6 0 0
______________

Answer:
18,81,600 is the total cost of 35- two-wheelers

Question 7.
One hour has 3,600 seconds. How many seconds do 365 hours have ?
Solution:
3 6 0 0 Seconds of 1 hour
x
3 6 5 No. of hours
_________
1 8 0 0 0
+
2 1 6 0 0 0
+
1 0 8 0 0 0 0
______________
1 3 1 4 0 0 0
______________

Answer:
13,14,000 seconds for 365 hours.

Question 8.
Frame a multiplication word problem with the numbers 5473 and 627 and solve it.

Solution:
Cost of one mobile is 5,473. What is the cost of such 627 mobiles?
5 4 7 3 Cost of 1 mobile
x 6 2 7 Number of mobiles
__________
3 8 3 1 1
+
1 0 9 4 6 0
+
3 2 8 3 8 0 0
_____________
3 4 3 1 5 7 1
_____________

Answer:
34,31,571 cost for 627 mobiles.

Question 9.
Find the product of the biggest three-digit number and the biggest four-digit number.

Solution:
9 9 9 9 Biggest four digit no.
x 9 9 9 Biggest three-digit no.
_________
8 9 9 9 1
+
8 9 9 9 1 0
+
8 9 9 9 1 0 0
_____________
9 9 8 9 0 0 1
_____________

Answer:
99,89,001

Question 10.
One traveller incurs a cost of 7,650 rupees for a certain journey. What will be the cost for 26 such travellers?
Solution:
7 6 5 0 Cost of one traveller
x 2 6 No. of travellers
______
4 5 9 0 0
+
1 5 3 0 0 0
_____________
1 9 8 9 0 0
_____________

Answer:
1,98,900 cost of 26 travellers.

Pairing off objects from two groups in different ways

(1) Ajay wants to travel light. So he took with him three shirts – one red, one green and one blue and two pairs of trousers – one white and one black. How many different ways does he have of pairing off a shirt with trousers?

Writing ‘S’ for shirt and ‘T’ for trousers, the possible different pairs are :

(2) Suresh has three balls of different colours marked A, B and C and three bats marked P, Q and R. He wishes to take only one bat and one ball to the playground. In how many ways can he pair off a ball and a bat to take with him?

How many different pairs have been shown here?

(3) The three friends, Sanju, John and Ali went to the fair. A shop there, had five different types of hats. Each of the boys had photos taken of himself, wearing every type of hat, in turn. Find how many photographs were taken in all.

How many different pairs were formed ? That is, how many photos were taken ?

Take two collections, each containing the given number of objects. Make as many different pairs as possible, taking one object from each collection every time. Thus, complete the table below.

What does this table tell us ?
The number of different pairs formed by pairing off objects from two groups is equal to the product of the number of objects in the two groups.

Division
Teacher : You have learnt some things about division. For example, we know that division means making equal parts of a given number, or, subtracting a number repeatedly from a given number. What else do you know ?
Shubha : We know that we get two divisions from one multiplication. From 9 × 4 = 36, we get the divisions 36 ÷ 4 = 9 and 36 ÷ 9 = 4.
Teacher : Very good! Right now, there’s nothing new to learn about division. Only the number of digits in the dividend and the divisor will grow. Tell me what is 354 ÷ 6 ?
Sarang : 354 = 300 + 54. 300 divided by six is 50. And 54 ÷ 6 = 9. Hence the quotient is 50 + 9 = 59.
Teacher : Right! Now let’s learn, step by step, how to divide a four-digit number by a one-digit number. So now, divide 4925 by 7 and tell me the quotient and the remainder.
Shubha : We cannot divide 4 thousands by 7 into whole thousands. Now, 4 Th = 40 H. So let us instead take the 40 hundreds together with 9 hundreds and divide 49 hundreds. 49 ÷ 7 = 7. So, everyone gets 7 hundreds. Now, we cannot divide 2T equally among 7 people. So we must write 0 in the tens place in the quotient. Then on dividing 25 by seven, we get quotient 3 and the remainder is 4. Thus, the answer is quotient 703, remainder 4.

Teacher : Very good ! Now divide 7439 by 9.
Sarang : It’s difficult to do this mentally. I’ll write it down on paper. The quotient is 826 and the remainder, 5.
Teacher : We use the same method to divide a four-digit number by a two-digit number. If necessary, we can prepare the table of the divisor before we start.

Study the solved examples shown below.
Example (1)

Quotient 170, Remainder 4

Example (2)

Quotient 305, Remainder 23

Example (3) Divide. 9842 ÷ 45

We can prepare the 45 times table to do this division.
But when the divisor is a big number, we can solve the example by first guessing what the quotient will be. Let us see how to do that.
We have 0 in the thousands place in the quotient.
Now, to guess the quotient when dividing 98 by 45, look at the first digits in both – the dividend and the divisor. These are 9 and 4, respectively.
Dividing 9 by 4, we will get 2 in the quotient. Let us see if 2 times 45 can be subtracted from 98. 45 × 2 = 90. 90 < 98. So, we write 2 in the hundreds place in the quotient.
Next, dividing 84 by 45 we can easily see that as 90 > 84, we have to write 1 in the tens place in the quotient.
Now, we have to divide 392 by 45. As 3 < 4, let us look at 39, the number formed by the first 2 digits, to guess the next digit in the quotient.
4 × 9 = 36 and 36 < 39. Let us check if the next digit can be 9. 45 × 9 = 405 and 405 > 392. Therefore, 9 cannot be the next digit in the quotient.
Let us check for 8. 45 × 8 = 360. 360 < 392. So, we write 8 in the units place of the quotient.
We subtract 8 × 45 from 392 and complete the division.
The quotient is 218 and the remainder, 32.

Example (4)
If 35 kilograms of wheat cost 910 rupees, what is the rate of wheat per kg?

Weight of wheat in kg × rate of wheat per kg = cost of wheat Hence, 35 × rate per kg = 910
Therefore, when we divide 910 by 35, we will get the per kg rate of wheat.
The rate per kilogram of wheat is 26 rupees.

Multiplication and Division Problem Set 14 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Multiply the following:

(1) 2132 x 231
Solution:
2 1 3 2
x
2 3 1
2 1 3 2
+
6 3 9 6 0
+
4 2 6 4 0 0
____________
Answer:
4 9 2 4 9 2

(2) 1863 x 432
Solution:
1 8 6 3
x
4 3 2
3 7 2 6
+
5 5 8 9 0
+
7 4 5 2 0 0
___________
Answer:
8 0 4 8 1 6

Solve the following word problems:

(1) A factory manufactures 34,796 pairs of socks in one hour. How many pairs will the factory manufacture in one day?
Solution:
3 4 7 9 6 Pairs of socks
x 2 4 No. of hours
______
1 3 9 1 8 4
+
6 9 5 9. 2 0
_____________
8 3 5 1 0 4
_____________

Answer:
8,35,104 pairs of socks manufactured in one day

(2) There are 375 toffees in a box. How many toffees will be there in 632 such boxes?
Solution:
3 7 5 No. of toffees
x 6 3 2 No. of boxes
_______
7 5 0
+
1 1 2 5 0
+
2 2 5 0 0 0
___________
2 3 7 0 0 0
_____________

Answer:
There will be 2,37,000 toffees.

(3) There are 144 articles in a gross. How many articles are there in 2174 gross?
Solution:
2 1 7 4 No. of gross
x 1 4 4 Articles in I gross
______
8 6 9 6
+
8 6 9 6 0
+
2 1 7 4 0 0
_____________
3 1 3 0 5 6
_____________

Answer:
There are 3,13,056 articles in 2174 gross.

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 19 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 19

Write the proper symbol from < , > , or = in the box.

Answer:
=

Answer:
>

Answer:
<

Answer:
=

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
=

Answer:
=

Answer:
>

Answer:
>

Answer:
<

Answer:
>

Addition of like fractions
Example (1) 3/7 + 2/7 = ?
Let us divide a strip into 7 equal parts. We shall colour 3 parts with one colour and 2 parts with another.
The part with one colour is 3/7, and that with the other colour is 2/7.
The total coloured part is shown by the fraction 5/7.
It means that, \(\frac{3}{7}+\frac{2}{7}=\frac{3+2}{7}=\frac{5}{7}\)

Example (2) Add : \(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{2}{8}+\frac{1}{8}\)
The total coloured part is \(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{2}{8}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{3+2+1}{8}=\frac{6}{8}\)

When adding like fractions, we add the numerators of the two fractions and write the denominator as it is.
Example (3) Add : 2/6 + 4/6 \(\frac{2}{6}+\frac{4}{6}=\frac{2+4}{6}=\frac{6}{6}\)
However, we know that 6/6 means that all 6 of the 6 equal parts are taken. That is, 1 whole figure is taken. Therefore, 6/6 = 1.

Note that:
If the numerator and denominator of a fraction are equal, the fraction is equal to one.
That is why, \(\frac{7}{7}=1 ; \frac{10}{10}=1 ; \frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5}=\frac{2+3}{5}=\frac{5}{5}=1\)
Remember that, if we do not divide a figure into parts, but keep it whole, it can also be written as 1.
This tells us that \(1=\frac{1}{1}=\frac{2}{2}=\frac{3}{3}\) and so on.
You also know that if the numerator and denominator of a fraction have a common divisor, then the fraction obtained by dividing them by that divisor is equivalent to the given fraction.
\(\frac{5}{5}=\frac{5 \div 5}{5 \div 5}=\frac{1}{1}=1\)

Fractions Problem Set 19 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.

Answer:
>

Question 2.

Answer:
=

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 16 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Multiplication and Division Problem Set 16

Question 1.
From a total of 10,000 rupees, Anna donated 7,000 rupees to a school. The remaining amount was to be divided equally among six students as the ‘all-round student’ prize. What was the amount of each prize?
Solution:
1 0 0 0 0 Total rupees
–
7 0 0 0 rupees donated
_______
3 0 0 0 remained
_______
This amount was divided among 6 students 500

Answer:
Amount of the prize is ₹ 500.

Question 2.
An amount of 260 rupees each was collected from 50 students for a picnic. If 11,450 rupees were spent for the picnic, what is the amount left over?
Solution:
₹ 2 6 0 Collected from 1 student
x
5 0 No. of students
0 0 0
+
1 3 0 0 0
1 3 0 0 0 Rupees, collected amount
–
1 1 4 5 0 Rupees spent
1 5 5 0 Rupees left over

Answer:
1,550 Rupees leftover

Question 3.
A shopkeeper bought a sack of 50kg of sugar for 1750 rupees. As the price of sugar fell, he had to sell it at the rate of 32 rupees per kilo. How much less money did he get than he had spent?
Solution:
₹ 3 2 Sale price of 1 kg
x
5 0 kg sold
0 0
+
1 6 0 0
1 6 0 0 Amount received
₹ 1 7 5 0 Purchased price
–
₹ 1 6 0 0 Obtained price
₹ 1 5 0 Lesshegot

Answer:
₹ 150 less he got than he had spent

Question 4.
A shopkeeper bought 7 pressure cookers at the rate of 1870 rupees per cooker. He sold them all for a total of 14,230 rupees. Did he get less or more money than he had spent?
Solution:
₹ 1 8 7 0 Purchase price of 1 cooker
x
7 No. of cookers
₹ 1 3 0 9 0 Purchase price
₹ 1 4 2 3 0 Sell price
–
₹ 1 3 0 9 0 Purchase price
₹ 0 1 1 4 0 he got more

Answer:
₹ 1,140 he got more

Question 5.
Fourteen families in a Society together bought 8 sacks of wheat, each weighing 98 kilos. If they shared all the wheat equally, what was the share of each family?
Solution:
9 8 Kilo weight of 1 sack
x
8 No. of sacks
7 8 4 Kilo

Answer:
Share of each family = 56 kilo

Question 6.
The capacity of an overhead water tank is 3000 litres. There are 16 families living in this building. If each family uses 225 litres every day, will the tank filled to capacity be enough for all the families? If not, what will the daily shortfall be?
Solution:
₹ 2 2 5 Litres uses 1 family
x 1 6 No. of families
1 3 5 0
+
2 2 5 0
3 6 0 0 Litres required
–
3 0 0 0 Litres capacity
6 0 0 Litres daily shortfall

Answer:
600 litres is daily shortfall

Multiplication and Division Problem Set 16 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Solve the following word problems:

(1) A farmer brought 250 trays of tomatoes seedlings. Each tray had 48 seedlings. He planted all the seedlings in his field, putting 25 in a row. How many rows of tomatoes did he plant?
Solution:
₹ 2 5 0 Tray of tomatoes seedlings
x
4 8 Seedlings in 1 tray
2 0 0 0
+
1 0 0 0 0
1 2 0 0 0 Total no. of seedlings


Answer:
The number of rows is 480.

Q.l. Solve the following :
Multiply :
(1) 438 x 76
(2) 594 x 208
(3) 3467 x 926
(4) 3581 x 87
(5) 425 x 87
(6) 579 x 49
Answer:
(1) 33,288
(2) 1,23,552
(3) 32,10,442
(4) 3,11,547
(5) 36,975
(6) 28,371

Solve the following and write the quotient and remainder:

(1) 1345 ÷ 37
(2) 9682 ÷ 83
(3) 6371 ÷ 42
(4) 72534 ÷ 23
(5) 1284 ÷ 32
(6) 63240 ÷ 37
Answer:
(1) Quotient 36, Remainder 13
(2) Quotient 116, Remainder 54
(3) Quotient 151, Remainder 29
(4) Quotient 3153, Remainder 15
(5) Quotient 40, Remainder 4
(6) Quotient 1709, Remainder 7

Fill in the blanks :

(1) 88 x 17; 17 is called …………………………. and 88 is called
(2) Product of the greatest three-digit number and smaller two-digit number is ………………………… .
(3) Multiplicand and multiplier are interchanged the product remains the ………………………… .
(4) While multiplying by tens digit, we have to put in the units place ………………………… .
Answer:
(1) multiplier, multiplicand
(2) 99,900
(3) same
(4) zero

Balbharti Maharashtra Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 18 Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions Problem Set 18

Convert the given fractions into like fractions.

Solution :
8 is the multiple of 4 So, make 8, the common denominator \(\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3 \times 2}{4 \times 2}=\frac{6}{8}\).Thus 6/8 and 5/8are the required like fractions.

Solution :
The number 35 is a multiple of both 5 and 7 So, making 35 as the common denominater \(\frac{3}{5}=\frac{3 \times 7}{5 \times 7}=\frac{21}{35}, \frac{3}{7}=\frac{3 \times 5}{7 \times 5}=\frac{15}{35}\) Therefore, 21/35 and 15/35 are required like fractions.

Solution :
Here 10 is the multiples of 5. So make 10 as the common denominator \(\frac{4}{5}=\frac{4 \times 2}{5 \times 2}=\frac{8}{10}\). Thus 8/10 and 3/10 are required like fractions.

Solution :
Least common multiple of 9 and 6 is 18. So, make, 18 as the common denominator. \(\frac{2}{9}=\frac{2 \times 2}{9 \times 2}=\frac{4}{18}, \frac{1}{6}=\frac{1 \times 3}{6 \times 3}=\frac{3}{18}\). Thus, 4/18 and 3/18 are the required like fractions.

Solution :
Least common multiple of 4 and 3 is 12 So, make 12 as common denominator \(\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1 \times 3}{4 \times 3}=\frac{3}{12}, \frac{2}{3}=\frac{2 \times 4}{3 \times 4}=\frac{8}{12}\). so, \(\frac{3}{12}, \frac{8}{12}\) are required like fractions.

Solution :
Least common multiple of 6 and 5 is 30 So, make 30 as common denominator \(\frac{5}{6}=\frac{5 \times 5}{6 \times 5}=\frac{25}{30}, \frac{4}{5}=\frac{4 \times 6}{5 \times 6}=\frac{24}{30}\) So, \(\frac{25}{30}, \frac{24}{30}\) are required like fractions.

Solution :
Least common multiple of 8 and 6 is 24 So, make 24 as common denominator \(\frac{3}{8}=\frac{3 \times 3}{8 \times 3}=\frac{9}{24}, \frac{1}{6}=\frac{1 \times 4}{6 \times 4}=\frac{4}{24}\) So, \(\frac{9}{24}, \frac{4}{24}\) are required like fractions.

Solution :
Least common multiple of 6 and 9 is 18 So, make 18 as common denominator \(\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1 \times 3}{6 \times 3}=\frac{3}{18}, \frac{4}{9}=\frac{4 \times 2}{9 \times 2}=\frac{8}{18}\) So, 3/18 and 8/18 are the required like fractions.

Comparing like fractions
Example (1) A strip was divided into 5 equal parts. It means that each part is 1/5 . The coloured part is \(\frac{3}{5}=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}\).

The white part is \(\frac{2}{5}=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}\). The coloured part is bigger than the white part. This tells us that 3/5 is greater than 2/5. This is written as 3/5 > 2/5.

Example (2) This strip is divided into 8 equal parts. 3 of the parts have one colour and 4 have another colour. Here, 3/8 < 8/4.

In like fractions, the fraction with the greater numerator is the greater fraction.

Comparing fractions with equal numerators
You have learnt that the value of fractions with numerator 1 decreases as the denominator increases.

Even if the numerator is not 1, the same rule applies so long as all the fractions have a common numerator. For example, look at the figures below. All the strips in the figure are alike.
2 of the 3 equal parts of the strip
2 of the 4 equal parts of the strip
2 of the 5 equal parts of the strip
The figure shows that 2/3 > 2/4 > 5/2.

Of two fractions with equal numerators, the fraction with the greater denominator is the smaller fraction.

Comparing unlike fractions
Teacher : Suppose we have to compare the unlike fractions 3/5 and 4/7. Let us take an example to see how this is done. These two boys are standing on two blocks. How do we decide who is taller?

Sonu : But the height of the blocks is not the same. If both blocks are of the same height, it is easy to tell who is taller.

Nandu : Now that they are on blocks of equal height, we see that the boy on the right is taller.

Teacher : The height of the boys can be compared when they stand at the same height. Similarly, if fractions have the same denominators, their numerators decide which fraction is bigger.

Nandu : Got it! Let’s obtain the same denominators for both fractions.

Sonu : 5 × 7 can be divided by both 5 and 7. So, 35 can be the common denominator.

To compare unlike fractions, we convert them into their equivalent fractions so that their denominators are the same.

Fractions Problem Set 18 Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
\(\frac{5}{9}, \frac{17}{36}\)
Solution :
36 is the multiple of 9 So, make 36 the common denominator \(\frac{5}{9}=\frac{5 \times 4}{9 \times 4}=\frac{20}{36}\), Thus 20/36 and 17/36 are the required like fractions.

Question 2.
\(\frac{5}{6}, \frac{7}{9}\)
Solution:
Least common multiple of 6 and 9 is 18 So, make 18 as the common denominator \(\frac{5}{6}=\frac{5 \times 3}{6 \times 3}=\frac{15}{18}, \quad \frac{7}{9}=\frac{7 \times 2}{9 \times 2}=\frac{14}{18}\) So, 15/18 and 14/18 are the required like fractions.

Question 3.
\(\frac{7}{11}, \frac{3}{5}\)
Solution:
Least common multiple of 11 and 5 is 55 So, make 55 as the common denominator. \(\frac{7}{11}=\frac{7 \times 5}{11 \times 5}=\frac{35}{55}, \frac{3}{5}=\frac{3 \times 11}{5 \times 11}=\frac{33}{55}\). Thus 35/55 and 33/55 are required like fractions.