Class 11 – Page 33 – Maharashtra Board Solutions

There is Another Sky 11th Question Answer English Chapter 2.3 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.3 There is Another Sky Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 2.3 There is Another Sky Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 2.3 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Question (i)
Life is an amalgam of happy and sad moments. Think of such moments in your life, pair with your classmate, and share both aspects of life.
Answer:

Happy moments	Sad moments
1. Winning the first prize in a competition	(a) Losing your mobile, bicycle or wallet
2. from sickness	(b) Falling sick
3. for a picnic	(c) Fight / Misunderstanding with best friend

Question (ii)
Find proverbs, idioms or phrases of similar meaning to the one given and fill them in the circles given below:

Answer:

Question (iii)
When we look at the sky, we find several objects. They stand for something or the other. Complete the following table by finding the significance of the given objects. (Answers are given directly)
Answer:

Celestial Bodies	Association
1. The Sun	(a) Power, heat, energy, commitment, etc.
2. The Moon	(b) Beauty, eclipse, brightness, luminary, crescent, etc.
3. The Rainbow	(c) Colour, arch, rain, dreams, etc.
4. The Stars	(d) Glittering, twinkling, celebrity, ratings, etc.

Question (iv)
Colours mentioned in the hexagons given below, are associated with something or the other. Dissuss and fill in the blanks.

Answer:

(A1)

Question (i)
Imagine your younger sister is not paying attention to her studies and is seen wasting time playing games on her cell-phone. Suggest some ways that will help her to concentrate on her studies and overcome her bad habit.
Answer:
My dear sister, these days I hardly see you studying. Most of the time you are busy with your mobile, either playing games or sending WhatsApp messages. You are lost in the world of your cell-phone. Is it fair ? Ask yourself whether you are doing the right thing. I understand, you are living in an age where the cell-phones are the latest craze. But, I think, you are grown up enough to decide what is good for you. You must learn to draw the line, ‘This far and no further.’

I suggest, you make a timetable for yourself, giving enough time for all your subjects, according to your own level of difficulties. That will definitely give you some time to relax and play games on your cell-phone. Excess of anything is bad.

Your eye-sight need to be protected also. Balancing things in life is an art and you must realise the importance of studies in life. I am always there to help you so that you can comfortably manage your studies along with your time for relaxation.

Question (ii)
You have noticed that many of your classmates are not interested in outdoor games or participating in co-curricular activities. Discuss some ways in which they will be encouraged to participate in activities.
Answer:
Dear friend, as the General Secretary of the Cultural Forum, I have observed that many of you are not interested in taking part in extra curricular activities, both intra-collegiate and inter-collegiate. I am also concerned that even the outdoor sports are being neglected. I think, it is the high time to talk to you.

Friends, I know the importance of studies at this stage of your life. But extra-curricular activities need to go hand in hand with the curriculum since they help in our all-round development. They give us opportunities to showcase our non academic abilities which are equally important in the big competitive world. Not only do they boost our confidence but they also help to enhance our theoretical knowledge.

Unfortunately, we are caught in a rat race to establish ourselves in life. Extra-curricular activities give us a lot of exposure, speech fluency, teach us time management, help us develop sense of responsibility and, according to me, most importantly broadens our horizon by giving us courage to come out of our systems.

About outdoor sports, I think, we all have heard the proverb, ‘A healthy mind in a healthy body’. Co-operation, team work, discipline, fellow-feeling, follow the instructions of the captain, personality development along with the improved health-the list is endless to talk about the benefits of outdoor sports. Moreover, there are practical benefits like opportunities of getting admission in colleges, jobs through sports quota, channel to represent your country in the national and international competitions, earning recognition through awards.

Friends, I can go on talking about the extra-curricular activities and sports because I, myself is a beneficiary of all these advantages. I hope, all of you will take part in large numbers in extra-curricular activities as well as make an attempt to develop an interest in sports. All the best to all of you.

(A2)

Question (i)
Complete the web, highlighting the sad and gloomy aspects of life mentioned in the first part of the poem.

Answer:

Question (ii)
The poet encourages her brother in the second part of the poem by telling him about the brighter
side of life. Make a list of the expressions in the poem that mean encouragement.
(a) Brighter garden
(b) …………………….
(c) …………………….
Answer:
(a) Brighter garden
(b) Unfading flowers
(c) Bright bee hum

Question (iii)
The poet has described two different shades of human feelings by using imagery of various forces of Nature in the poem. Pick out the terms or phrases that describe them. Complete the table given below.
Answer:

Nature	Feelings
Faded forests	Sad/gloomy
Unfading flowers	Excitement
Silent fields	Loneliness
Evergreen leaf	Freshness
Bright bee	Being active
Serene sky	Calmness/peace
frost	pain/suffering

Question (iv)
The poem expresses feelings of serenity. Pick out expressions from the above poem that express the same…..
Answer:
(a) ‘There is another sky/Ever serene and fair,
(b) “And there is another sunshine….”
(c) “a little forest,/whose leaf is ever green,”
(d) “Unfading flowers….”

Question (v)
Compare and contrast the two opposing human feelings as expressed by the poet.
Answer:
It was possible that the poet’s brother who has staying in a different place, must have complained of sadness. The poet’s response to that was to invite him to ‘my garden’ where there was brightness forever. She deliberately used contrasting images of depression and joy from the nature to encourage and inspire her brother who was down with hopelessness. As against, silent, lonely fields, fading flowers and darkness she presented peaceful sky, bright sunshine, unfading flowers, buzzing bees, forests with evergreen leaves.

All these images represented the human feelings in two opposite worlds. The poet’s world might be an imaginary place but they could create positivity in a depressed mind.

(A3)

Question 1.
‘Never mind faded forests, Austin’. The word ‘faded’ means to become dim or faint. The word describes the forests that have become faint or dim in appearance. Now go through the poem again and complete the table.
Answer:

Describing Word	Object	Explanation
1. faded	forests	The forests have become faint or dim in appearance.
2. silent	fields	The fields are lonely.
3. unfading	flowers	The unfading flowers never fade with time as if they are in paradise.
4. bright	Bee	The bee is happy and active expressing its hopefulness.

(A4)

Question 1.
‘I hear the bright bee hum.’ The poet has used the word ‘hum’ that indicates the sound made by the bee. This is an example of Onomatopoeia.
The poet has used different figures of speech like alliteration, inversion and hyperbole in the poem. Identify them and pick out the lines accordingly.
(i) ‘I hear the bright bee hum’- The figure of speech is Onomatopoeia. The poet has used the word “hum” to indicate the sound made by the bee.

(ii) Metaphor:
‘There is another sky’ – Here the poet indirectly compares ‘another sky’ with ‘another place’ indicating ‘there is another place for you.’

(iii) Hyperbole:
In its unfading flowers’ – The poet makes use of an exaggerated statement. Flowers do fade with time.

(iv) Alliteration:
(a) ‘faded forest’ — Here, the sound of the letter ‘t’ is repeated for poetic effect.
(b) ‘bright bee’ – Here, the sound of the letter ‘b’ is repeated for poetic effect.

(v) Inversion:
(a) ‘where not a frost has been’
The word order is changed for poetic effect.
(b) ‘Prithee, my brother/into my garden come!’
The word order is changed for poetic effect.

(vi) Repetition:
(a) ‘There is another sky …./And there is another sunshine’.
– Expressions are repeated to show the possible alternative, arrangement.
(b) ‘Never mind faded forests, Austin,/Never mind silent fields…’
– Expressions are repeated to emphasise the poet’s intention.
(c) ‘Here is a little forest,…./ Here is a brighter garden’.
The expressions are repeated to provide hope.

(vii) Litotes : ‘Where not a frost has been’.
– A negative word ‘not’ is used in the statement to emphasize a strong positive feeling. ‘Not a frost’ is absolutely frost free.

(A5)

Question 1.
Imagine your friend is a table tennis champion who has won the semi-final in the inter-collegiate championship. Due to over confidence, she neither practises nor does she take her opponent seriously. This may result in her losing the final. Suggest some ways to make her aware of the importance of hard work and regular practice.
Answer:
Dear Sushama, congratulations on winning the semi final of the inter collegiate table tennis championship! But I never see you practicing and preparing yourself mentally and physically for the finals. I am really worried. Are you so confident of your success that you don’t even bother to attend your regular practice sessions? You must be knowing, ‘Practice makes a man perfect’. The other day I was watching the final match of Wimbledon Tennis Competition and it was amazing how the finalist Roger Federer, at the age of 37, was doing so much of hard work to win the long rallies.

Some of the strikes were excellent and this must be the result of his rigorous practice. These are legends and you must learn from them. There is no short cut to success and hard work always pays. You must take out enough time for practice to boost your confidence for the final match. Don’t take things easy and look down upon your opponent. Do it now-start regular practices. All the best!

(A6)

Question (i)
Use the following points and write an appreciation of the poem :

About the poem, poet and title
Theme
Poetic style, language, poetic devices used in the poem
Special features
Message/values/morals in the poem
Your opinion about the poem

Answer:
She assured him not to worry since she could suggest another place, most probably their own home where they had shared many lovely moments. This poem is a sonnet comprising of fourteen lines. Like a typical Petrarchan sonnet,the first eight lines called octave, hint at a problem or express an emotional tension. The last six lines called sestet, try to resolve the problem by relieving the tension. The poem also brings out the poet’s love for nature and here the sonnet resembles. Shakespeare’s sonnets which also has glorified nature.

Central Metaphor for the entire poem is the central symbol of sky which can be blue, dark and different for different persons. But ‘There is another sky/Ever serene and fair,’’-for all and that is the sky of paradise which is blissful. Here the poet means the sky and the places around a person’s own home which will always appear comfortable.

It is possible to resort to one’s own home in the moments of weakness, frustrations and confusions. Emily’s call into this ideal world of home makes us believe that such a world really exists. That makes the poem appear so special to the readers.

The message that the poet tried to convey was that one might change home or hometown, but the place called ‘home’ would never change and that was her purpose of using the expression ‘evergreen’ to convince the readers about eternal existence of one’s own comfortable home. Thus, Emily’s undying love for her brother, Austin who was troubled by some problems, came out through her showcasing all the brightness around the place she was recommending where her brother could life under a light that never faded.

The short poem, ‘There is Another Sky’ in just two stanza, has makes us understand the importance of home where are loved ones will be the bright sunlight in every situation of our life. Emily’s way of giving solace to her brother impress me the most, as, I believe, compression and warmth can always help a troubled person by giving strength. Emily’s brother Austin also has admitted that his sister’s words has been very supportive for him by allowing him to enter into her garden of happiness and joy.

Question (ii)
Writs a summary of the poem with the help of the points given below:

Title
Introductory paragraph (about the poem/ type/nature/tone)
Main body (central idea/gist of the poem)
Conclusion/ opinions/views/appeal.

Answer:
Refer synopsis

Question (iii)
Let’s compose a poem. Two lines are given. Add two of your own. There is another sky,
Ever serene and fair.
Answer:
There is another sky,
Ever serene and fair.
There is no darkness anywhere,
As colourful butterflies dance on flowers everywhere.

Question (iv)
Given below is a poem ‘Blue Sky’ by Mark Hastings. Imagine a poem of a similar kind by replacing the word blue. You can add any colour or object of your choice and write a poem of four lines. For example replace ‘blue’ with
1. Starry sky above me
2. Cloudy sky above me
Answer:
Bright sky above me,
Fills me with happiness and glee,
Seeing the starry sky above me,
No darkness as far as I can see.

(A7)

Question 1.
Write a letter to your younger sibling making her aware of various manmade and natural disasters and encourage her to join all the programmes, campaigns, drives etc. in school or in your locality.
Answer:
ABC Apartments,
Flat No. 4/2/1,
Ghatkopar (East),
Mumbai.
30th July, 2019.

Dear Richa,

How are you? I am writing to you after a long time. I read an article on the flood in Assam and thought of talking to you about such disasters which are natural as well as partially man-made.

Natural disasters like flood, earthquake, etc., happen quite often these days. Televisions and newspapers are flooded with such kind of reports. Sometimes, we really do not have anything to do to control natural disasters and we are puppets in the hands of nature. I still shudder to think of all those frightful pictures of the killer flood of Kerala.

But it is not uncommon that man-made disasters create havoc. In Mumbai, we quite often hear of buildings collapsing, killing so many people. These are dilapidated buildings which have got the warnings from the authority. People ignore those cautions and continue to stay in such buildings. There is no point in repenting later.

Keeping gas cylinders open is a very common example of fire due to human negligence. Who can forget about Mumbai deluge in 2005? We might be very small at that time, but we have heard stories about the disaster and the man-made cause of it. Mithi river got choked because of irresponsible throwing of non-biodegradable plastics? Have we really learnt from our mistakes?

I want to advise you to join the NSS or NCC unit of your college and participate in all their activities to create awareness among people, educate them to handle natural as well as man-made disasters. The authorities will do their job. But, we, as responsible citizens need to contribute our services in our own way. Basic humanity comes above everything and I am sure, you will take part actively in the campaigns and drives oganized by your college. At the same time, please don’t neglect your studies. You have to learn to balance your social work with your studies.

We are all fine here. Do write to me.
Yours lovingly,
Shanta

(A8)

Question 1.
The poem describes the beauty of Nature. Make a list of careers that are related to Nature, environment and forest
Answer:

Forest Department – (Forest officer, Ranger etc.)
Geologist
Wild-life Photographer
Environmental Lawyer
nvironmental Engineer
Botanist
Zoologist

(A9)

Project:

Question 1.
‘The Road Not Taken’ (Robert Frost) and ‘O Captain My Captain’ (Walt Whitman) are inspirational poems. Search these poems on the internet and write down your opinion about the poems in your notebook.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.3 There is Another Sky Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The poet is addressing the poem to –
Answer:
The poet is addressing the poem to her brother, Austin who has been going through a state of confusion and depression in life at a place away from home. The poet is trying to encourage him by pointing on the existence of another evergreen and always filled with sunshine universe.

Question 2.
The poet says ‘another sky’. Guess the meaning.
Answer:
‘Another sky’ is a metaphorical reference to ‘another place’ where a sky with brighter colour is waiting for her brother to provide him joy and hope. The image of ‘another sky’ is the image of an ideal world, the paradise, which, apparently has been a great support for her depressed brother.

Question 3.
The poet depicts a different ‘garden’. Discuss.
Answer:
The ‘brighter garden’ that the poet depicted was a place where the flowers were always blooming, the playful bees were humming in happiness. The use of comparative degree (brighter) showed the purpose of the poet to present a world that was in total contrast to the gloomy and dark place where her brother was suffering alone. She assured her brother, through this poem, that the ‘brighter garden’ did not have any withered lower, silent fields or frost that represented sadness and pain.

Comprehension:

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the table by matching human feelings with the things of Nature.
Answer:

Human feelings	Nature
1. Loneliness	silent fields
2. Freshness	evergreen leaf
3. Being active	bright bee
4. Calmness/peace	serene sky

Interference / Interpretative / Analysis:

Question 1.
How did the poet compare and contrast ‘there’ and ‘here’? Why did he do so?
Answer:
The poet wanted her brother to understand the existence of a better place than ‘there’ where he was suffering. She requested him to come ‘here’ where he could have a brighter life. The combination of ‘there’ and ‘here’ is expressed by the poet deliberately to create an assurance in the mind of her troubled brother, of the existence of a heavenly place which might be their home. The poem is an invitation for the brother to come from ‘there’ to ‘here’ to have a peaceful life.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you support the poet’s way of handling the situation? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Yes, I feel, the poet’s assurance of the existence of a better place, will definitely support her brother a lot. A person who is suffering, words of hope are always inspiring and can do wonders. The poet, a loving sister, shows very cleverly the alternative to her brother who has the option to go to a brighter place, that is their home. This types of encouragements can definitely make a person stronger to take a decision.

Poetic devices:

Question 1.
Find out an example of Hyperbole from the poem and explain it.
Answer:
‘In its unfading flowers’ – The poet makes use of an exaggerated statement. Flowers do fade with time.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Compose a poem in appreciation of your ‘home’ using the words,, paradise, warmth, comfort, alone.
Use a rhyme – scheme.
Answer:
My home is the best place, my paradise.
It always welcomes me with warmth and affection.
In my sad moments, my home is my comfort zone,
I don’t feel lonely, never feel alone.

Glossary:

hum – make a low; steady continuous sound;
prithee – (no longer in everyday use, archaic word)
please (used to convey a polite request),
serene – peaceful, calm,
Austin – Emily’s younger brother,
frost – When temperature is below 0°C a thin layer of ice forms on the ground and other surfaces,
unfading – bright; colourful.

11th Std English Questions And Answers:

The Sower 11th Question Answer English Chapter 2.2 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.2 The Sower Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 2.2 The Sower Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 2.2 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Question (i)
Make a list of words related to agriculture.
Answer:
The words related to agriculture are:
(a) Irrigation
(b) Cultivation
(c) Crop
(d) Sow
(e) Farming
(f) Farmer
(g) Pesticide
(h) Fertilizer
(i) Seeds
(j) Hybrids
(k) Farm
(l) Manure
(m) Dairy
(n) Livestock
(o) Ploughing
(p) Harvest
(q) Plant
(r) Crop rotation
(s) Animal Husbandry

Question (ii)
Discuss the activities carried out by a farmer.
Answer:

Question (iii)
In our country engineering, teaching and medical fields are much sought after. Other professions, occupations though they make a significant contribution to the society, do not get their due.
Answer:

A	B
(a) Farmer	(a) Highly unpredictable Economic Gains
(b) Conservancy workers	(b) Don’t get the respect for the service they provide
(c) Housemaids	(c) Lack of job security and in some cases respect
(d) Sportsmen	(d) Insecurity due to shorter duration of professional life
(e) Hawkers	(e) Uncertainty in business

Question (iv)
‘Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy’. Fill in the boxes supporting this statement. Complete the following web diagram.

Answer:

(A1)

Question 1.
There are a number of challenges a farmer in India faces. Discuss with your friend, how it is possible to improve the condition of farmers.
Answer:

Challenges	Solutions
1. Water scarcity	Rain water harvesting
2. Credit and Indebtedness	Arrangement for micro-loan from government sources/banks and not from the money-lenders.
3. Land Issues	Clear title of lands for the farmers.
4. Climatic Changes	Reduce greenhouse gas emission from farming practices.
5. Social Groups	Sound public policy and support on long-term basis since group approach to farming is the need of the hour as average size of land-holding is going down. But a lot of training is/-030 needed to form a group of like-minded farmers.
6. Lack of advanced technology	Creation of technology based crop advisory.
7. Diversification	Creation of crop-specific technologies, identification development of market and provision of economic incentives.
8. Market Risks	Market regulations provided by the government to ensure that the farmers receive the price they desire to get for the product.

(A2)

Question 1.
The poet has observed the sower closely. Express in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.
Answer:
Victor Hugo like a typical romantic poet began the poem with a beautiful scene from nature describing the twilight. In the English translation, the poet Torulata Dutt also did so. But in the poem gradually nature took the backseat and the poet’s attention is occupied by the solitary farmer who was alone in the field well beyond the working hours to scatter the seeds all over the place. Initially, the poet did not think much about the old sower in torn clothes.

Poet after watching carefully, the serenity and devotion of the man could be noticed. His age and experience must have shown him many bad harvests, but he refused to give up. Moreover, he might not live long enough to see the fruit of his hard work but this did not bring down the level of his dedication. His confident steps made the poet feel even his dark shadows more dominating than the deep trenches around the field. Thus, he developed an intense respect for the sower.

(A3)

Question 1.
The poet is prompted to call the sower an ‘august personality” which means one who has reached the highest position in his work place. Explain this using the following points.
1. Hard work
2. Perseverance
3. Dedication
Answer:
In the eyes of the poet the old solitary sower appeared majestic and awe-inspiring because he could see the determination and dedication in his attitude. The working hours were over since it was getting dark in the evening. But he was ready to continue his job of scattering the grains all over the field, walking to and fro, at his age, with a expectation of a good yield of crop.

Like a devoted soldier he was marching on the field and the poet was impressed by his sincerity and confidence. He must have experienced many bad harvests , but his hard work, patience and desire to achieve success were not affected at all. He continued with his job without bothering about the starry skies, to the poet who developed a deep respect for the sower’s tenacity, positive attitude towards life and most importantly his commitment to his work.

(A4)

Question (i)
Pick out the examples of alliteration from the poem
Answer:

“a sower lingers still” – sound of “s” is repeated.
“Dominates the furrows deep” – sound of “d” is repeated.
“Darkness deepens” – sound of “d” is repeated.
“Seems to touch the starry skies” – Sound of “s” is repeated.
“From his hands ” sound of “h” is repeated.

Question (ii)
‘Seems to touch the starry skies’. The poet has used word imagery. Describe the idea and pick out other similar examples from the poem.
Answer:
Word imageries create a visual representation of ideas or situations in the readers minds and helps the reader to create a mental picture with the help of words.

Word imageries in the poem:
(i) “Twilight hastens on the rule”
This line creates an image of a soft light in the sky just after the sunset. We can imagine the gradual fading of the bright sunlight and can only see the twilight, that is, semi-darkness.

(ii) “His Silhouette / Dominates the furrows deep”.
The image of the sower is created in the readers mind with this imagery. The sower’s black shadow gradually becomes bigger and the deep furrows around the field start appearing smaller. The idea to create such a mental picture is to present the longer than life image of the sower who can even dominate over the nature.

(iii) “Seems to touch the starry skies”

This picture depicts the transition from the twilight sky to the night sky. The poet wants to express his reverence for the majestic quality of the sower. To him the image of the sower gradually grows to reach the top of the sky as if the entire world is glowing wit his reflection and the twinkling stars are the grains he has spread all over the place.

(A5)

Question (i)
Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:

About the poem / poet / title.
Theme
Poetic devices, language, style
Special features / novelties / focussing elements
Values, message
Your opinion about the poem

Answer:
The poem ‘The Sower’ is translated by the Bengali poet Torulata Dutt from the French poet Victor Hugo’s French poem ‘Saison des Semailles : Le Soir.’ The French name literally means in English, ‘Sowing Season’: In the evening “where the poet talks about a sower and his attitude towards his job.

The poet was leisurely spending time in a porchway enjoying the beauty of the twilight sky which dominated the day because it was the time between the day and the approaching night. Suddenly a lone sower caught his attention since the working hours were over and there was no one else in the field. The towering black shadow of the man was so majestic that it even appeared bigger than the deep trenches around the field.

The man was absolutely engrossed in spreading the grains all over the ground. His confident steps and dedication towards his work even in fading light impressed the poet. He developed a deep respect for the sower and appreciated his larger than life appearance.

The theme of the poem is to show the powerful human aspects which could even dominate the nature. The attitude and sincerity of the sower made him appear to the poet so impressive that he put him in a high pedestal of searching the ‘starry skies’. The poet Tarulata Dutt has used a simple rhyme scheme “abab” The word imageries, like the domination of the twilight over the sunlight, the majestic shadow of the sower growing bigger than even the deep trenches around the field and the poet’s imagination of putting the sower at a great height of touching the sky with his grains representing the twinkling stars enhance the beauty of the poem.

They bring out the poet’s love for the nature placing it side by side with humanistic features. The focus of the poem is basically on the sower but nature has been included right from the beginning to the end very elegantly b the poet giving a novelty to the poem.

The poem has a strong message of selflessness of the old sower who is doing his job diligently without even bothering to know the result. His age and experience must have given a lot of experience on farming which has taught him not to give up even if it is a bad harvest. He is sincerely doing his job even after the working hours.

We, the readers, get the message from the sower that we need to do our job with dedication and hard work will definitely pay. The poem appeals to me because of the impressive presentation of the sower and the unusual comparison between human features with nature. Both nature and human aspects play dominant roles making the poem interesting.

Question (ii)
Write a summary of the poem using the following points:

Title
Introductory paragraph (about the poem, type, nature, tone)
Main body (central idea, gist of the poem)
Conclusion (opinion, views, appeal)

Answer:
Refer Synopsis

Question (iii)
Compose a poem on a farmers in 4 to 6 lines in continuation of the following.
Answer:
He sweats throughout the dav.
He does not fret, he believes his hard work will nav.
He sows seeds expecting a good harvest.
To the soil he bows for encouragement to invest.

(A6)

Question 1.
Imagine that you are a farmer from a drought prone area. Write a letter to a newspaper editor, discuss the problems and suggest possible solutions.
Satya Vase,
Aurangabad,
27-07-2019
The Editor,
The Times of India,
Dr. D.N.Marg,
Mumbai – 400001
Subject: Problems of a drought-prone area like Aurangabad

Respected Sir,
I am Satya Vase, a farmer from Aurangabad, a drought-prone area. I want to bring to your notice certain problems which,we the farmers in our area are facing due to drought.

It is a known fact that Aurangabad has been going through severe water crises and it affects the farmers badly. But, today I want to concentrate on two important factors which is bothering the farmers for quite some time. All our appeals have fallen into deaf ears.

In Aurangabad, the obsession with borewell among the farmers is increasing to a dangerous level during every drought and this is very high among the farmers cultivating sugarcane. The sugarcane farming has become so popular because it is a low investment crop which comes with a price guarantee.

Sugarcane farmers are well aware of the fact that sugarcane farming consumes a large quantity of irrigation water. We, the poor farmers cannot afford to install borwells because of high cost and even the result is disastrous for us. A number of representations to the government have not solved our problems. Our sufferings have reached the greatest height. People are migrating to bigger cities and there also are leading a miserable life.

Through your esteemed daily, I want to they draw the attention of the government to take an early action. We request the government to send a crisis management group to come to Aurangabad and set a separate Drought Monitoring Centre report to the Drought Management Authorities to arrange for immediate supply of water. Urgent adaptation of strategies and their quick implementation are what we are requesting for.

Thanking You,
Yours Sincerely,
Shyam Vase.

(A7) Project:

Question 1.
Visit your college library or use the web and collect information on ‘Green Revolution’ and ‘white Revolution’ in our country.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.2 The Sower Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain in your own words: “Twilight hastens on to rule”
Answer:
The poet is referring to a time when the day is going to be over and night will fall. So,it appears to the poet as if the twilight is quickly overlapping the sunlight. Twilight is the time just before it becomes completely dark in the evening and the poet imagines it to be in a hurry to wipe out the brightness of the sunlight.

Question 2.
The word ‘Marches’ suggests –
Answer:
The poet expresses the appreciation for the sower by using the word ‘marches’ instead of simply referring his movement as ‘walks’. The sower is confident and dedicated to his job. So he marches with determination of a good harvest as a soldier marches with the positive attitude of winning the battle.

Comprehension

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the web that brings out the qualities of the sower.

Answer:

Inference / Interpretative / Analysis:

Question 1.
Explain the Poet’s feeling as he watches the sower.
Answer:
The poet is thrilled to see the solitary sower continuing with his work sincerely even after the working hours are over. His hard work of spreading the grains all over the ground, in confident steps, impresses the poet. He feels the sower’s presence is majestic and awe-inspiring.

Question 2.
The grains are referred to as ‘precious” – Give reasons.
Answer:
For a farmer, grains are always ‘precious’ as they are symbols of prosperity and bright future. His survival depends on the quality of harvest and good quality of grains is needed for that. He is protective about each and every grain and gives its due respect.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What do you learn from the sower? Justify your answer.
Answer:
The sower has taught me to have dedication and devotion for my work without bothering about the outcome. His efforts of spreading the seeds even after the working hours have impressed me and I have learned not to grumble about the extended time at workplace, if my work demands it. Last but not the least, the sower has shown that outward appearance does not matter. A person’s attitude can raise his/ her stature to a great height.

Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Find out the rhyme scheme and pick up the rhyming words from the lines quoted to you.
Answer:
The rhyme scheme is abab
The rhyming words are lands- stands, still-thrill, silhouette-set, deep-reap, plain-grain, wide-stride, light- height, eyes-skies.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Compare a poem of four lines to express your appreciation for your mother. Use a proper rhyme scheme.
Answer:

My mother is my first teacher.
Never does she try to be a preacher.
Her words are catalysts, quickly I respond,
strong and thick is our love bond.

Appreciation:

Question 1.
Write an appreciation of the extract with the help of the following points: (100 -150 words)

About the extract
Theme and significance
Poetic style, language, poetic devices
Inspirational message
Your opinion and critical evaluation of the extract

Answer:
The extract shows how the impression of the poet about the sower changes as he observes the activity of the solitary sower working on the farm, well-after the working hour gets over. Initially the poet does not give much importance to the sower. But as he pays attention to him, he is able to find out his dedication, sincerity and perseverance of the man who deserves respect.

The poem is a translation from a French poem by Victor Hugo. The Bengali poet, Tarulata Dutt uses simple rhyme-scheme abab but the word imageries like the majestic shadow of the sower growing bigger than even the deep trenches around the field, the poet’s imagination of putting the sower at a great height of touching the sky with his grains representing the twinkling stars are beautiful.

The poem has a strong message which shows how a person’s dedication can draw the attention of others and make them respect him. I love the extract as it teaches me that hard work has its own reward.

Poetic devices:

Question 1.
Other poetic devices
Answer:
Personification

“Twilight hastens on to rule”- ‘Twilight’ is personified.
“Shadows run across the lands” – ‘Shadows’ are personified.
“Sunlight I see, dying fast” – ‘Sunlight’ is personified.

Inversion:

(i) “Old, in rags, he patient stands.”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(ii) “Now to sow the task is set”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(iii) “Soon shall come a time to reap”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(iv) “Marches he along the plain”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(v) “Scatters wide/From his hands the precious grains.”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.
(vi) “Now his gestures to mine eyes/Are august,…”
The order of the words are changed for poetic effect.

11th Std English Questions And Answers:

Cherry Tree 11th Question Answer English Chapter 2.1 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 2.1 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Question 1.
Trees are revered because –
Answer:

They give us joy.
They look beautiful with their lush green leaves that soothe our eyes.
They clear the air by providing oxygen for us to survive and by taking away carbon dioxide to prevent pollution.
They provide us food and many useful things.
They provide habitat and food for birds and insects.

Question 2.
Column ‘A’ shows your involvement in growing a tree, as well as the stages in the life of a tree. Column ‘B’ shows the feelings you experience at all the stages. Match them appropriately.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. You planted a sapling.	(a) Gave you a feeling of joy to see the promising future.
2. You watered the plant.	(b) The new experience brought excitement to you.
3. You saw the shoot for the first time.	(c) You were happy and satisfied because you experienced what you had often heard, that a small beginning can lead to great achievements.
4. You fenced the plant.	(d) The colour, symbolizing life, gave you a feeling of hope.
5. The plant gradually saw lush green leaves grow on it.	(e) You wanted to make a humble beginning.
6. The tree had buds too.	(f) Your motive was to protect it.
7. Birds made a nest on the tree which was fully grown and laden with flowers.	(g) You cared for it.

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. You planted a sapling.	(e) You wanted to make a humble beginning.
2. You watered the plant.	(f) Your motive was to protect it.
3. You saw the shoot for the first time.	(a) Gave you a feeling of joy to see the promising future.
4. You fenced the plant.	(g) You cared for it.
5. The plant gradually saw lush green leaves grow on it.	(d) The colour, symbolizing life, gave you a feeling of hope.
6. The tree had buds too.	(b) The new experience brought excitement to you.
7. Birds made a nest on the tree which was fully grown and laden with flowers.	(c) You were happy and satisfied because you experienced what you had often heard, that small beginning can lead to great achievements.

(A1)

(i) Find proofs from the poem for the following:

Question (a)
The poet has mentioned different seasons.
Answer:
(a) “And suddenly that summer…”
(b) “Next spring”.

Question (b)
The poet’s minute observations of the steady growth of the cherry tree.
Answer:
(a) “I found a tree had come to stay.
It was very small, five months child,
Lost in the tall grass running wild.”

(b) “Next spring I watched three new shoots grow.
The young tree struggle, upward thrust.
Its arms in a fresh fierce lust For light and air and sun”.

Question (c)
The colour imagery in the poem.
Answer:
(a) ‘Green’ colour used in the poem quite often and it represents ‘life’.
(b) ‘Pink’ colour used to show the tenderness, fragility of the berries.
(c) ‘Blue’ colour used for the sky as it represents the clear sky which the poet could see through the gap of the leaves of the cherry tree.

Question (d)
The struggle of the cherry tree for survival.
Answer:
(a) “It was very small, five months child,
Lost in the small grass, running wild”.

(b) “But cherries have a way of growing,
Though no one’s caring very much or knowing”.

(c) “Goats ate the leaves, the grass cutter scyth0e
Split it apart and a monsoon blight
Shrivelled the slender stem…Even so,”
All these dangers were handled by the plant boldly since it had the urge to live.

(d) “The young tree struggle, upward thrust
Its arms in a fresh fierce lust
For light and air and sun”
The young tree refused to accept defeat and continued its struggle for survival in order to get the basic necessities of light, air and sun needed for its growth.

(ii) State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the false statements by finding evidence from the poem to support your remark.

Question (a)
The cherry tree did not take long to grow.
Answer:
False. The cherry tree took eight years to grow into a six-feet high full-grown, fruit-bearing tree.

Question (b)
Birds and insects were benefited from the tree.
Answer:
True

Question (c)
The poet was exalted at the sight of the cherry tree.
Answer:
True

Question (d)
The poem has an underlying message about the importance of trees.
Answer:
False. The underlying message in this poem is not about the importance of trees. It mainly stresses on the struggle against adversities of life and how dedication and desire to survive can help any living object to come out of it.

Question (e)
The poet repents planting the cherry tree.
Answer:
False. The poet actually enjoys watching the magnificent cherry tree and takes pride in being the owner who has decided to sow the seed of this cherry tree.

3. Discuss the reasons/consequences/effects.

Question (a)
The life of the cherry tree was threatened.
Answer:
The cherry tree was so small initially that it was lost among the tall, wild grasses all around it. The threats in its life were the goats who ate its leaves, the grass cutter’s scythe that could split it apart and its tender stem had to fight the heavy monsoon. Moreover, no special attention or care was provided for it. But it was a fighter who could face all these threats boldly

Question (b)
The cherry blossomed.
Answer:
In spite of not getting any special care, the cherry tree, just by its urge to survive, could raise its head, fought all the odds in its life, came out successfully to nurture itself with the basic necessities for its growth, the light, the rain and sun. With the passage of time, its hard work bore fruits and it became a six-feet high full-grown tree which happily blossomed with fruits.

Question (iii)
A small thought, put in action, led to a great achievement. Pick out the lines from the beginning and end of the poem and explain their significance.
Answer:
(i) “Must have a tree of my own” I said.
The poet just wanted to be the sole owner of a tree and just with this simple thought in his mind he sowed the cherry seed. It is just a passing idea of his mind which he easily forgot. But the cherry seed had the potential to grow in spite of not having proper care and lots of threats on its onward journey in life. It was a winner all the way to grow into a magnificent fruit-bearing tree as it was dedicated to fight the odds.

(ii) The lines at the end of the poem, “Yes, I! – praised Night and Stars and trees. That small, the cherry, grown by me” express the pride of the poet who takes the credit for creating such a beautiful life. He has, no hesitation to accept that the cherry tree has struggled hard to come to this stage. But, at the same time, he is excited that the process has been started by him and the result is unbelievable.

(A3)

Question (i)
The cherry tree has inspired the poet to compose the poem. Such poems, describing Nature or aspects of Nature are called ‘Nature poems’. Find out some expressions from the poem that bring out the elements of beauty of Nature.
Answer:
1. “I could scarcely believe it – a berry,
Ripened and jeweled in the sun…”
2. “……. there were blossoms small
Pink, fragile, quick to fall…”
3. “Looking up through leaves… each bloom”.
4. “…the sun sank…crickets…”

Question (ii)
Find out an example of climax from the extract and explain it.
Answer:
“Pink, fragile, quick to fall”
They move from healthy to delicate
This figure of speech is called Climax where successive words, phrases, sentences are arranged in ascending order of importance. Here, the cherry blossom turns pink, ripens and is ready to be picked.

Question (a)
Alliteration:
Answer:

“Shrivelled the slender stem…” sound of ‘s’ is repeated.
“Its arms in a fresh fierce lust…” sound of ‘f is repeated.
“Made a miracle from green growing pain…” sounds of‘m’ and ‘g’ are repeated.
“… at the finches as they flew/And flitted through…” sound of‘f is repeated.
“the sun sank/swiftly…” Sound of ‘s’ is repeated.
“who watched, wondering, while time…” sound of‘w’ is repeated.

Question (b)
Antithesis:
Answer:
1. “…. but cherries have a way of growing,
Though no one’s caring very much or knowing”.
– Two opposite ideas of the steady growth of the tree in spite of not having much care and even knowledge of its presence, are placed side by side.

2. “Came back thinner, rather poor,
But richer by a cherry tree at my door”.
– Two opposite ideas of having poor condition of health but feeling rich at the sight of the cherry tree, are placed side by side.

Question (c)
Personification:
Answer:
1. “A tree had come to stay”
– The tree has been personified by giving it the human quality of coming to stay.
2. “The grass cutter scythe split it apart”
– The grass cutter scythe is personified.
3. “a monsoon blight shrivelled…”
– Monsoon is personified.
4. “The young tree struggle”
– The young tree is personified by giving it the human quality of struggling.
5. “the sleepiest breeze”
The breeze is personified.
6. “singing crickets”
– Crickets are personified.
7. “The young tree … thrust/its arms in a fresh fierce lust”
– The young tree is personified as it expresses its ‘lust’ like a human being.

(A5)

Question (i)
Cherry tree is a narrative poem. Features that make it a narrative poem are given below. Justify them with proper examples.

The poem has a beginning, a middle and an end.
Different places are mentioned.
Characters are referred to.
Incidents are arranged in sequence.
There is a dialogue between the poet and the reader or the characters of the poem.
It is a time-bound poem.

Answer:
‘Cherry Tree’, a narrative poem which tells the story of the birth and growth of a cherry tree by the poet, Ruskin Bond. He carefully divides the poem in three distinct division of a proper beginning, a middle and an end as we usually find in a story.

The story begins with the planting of a seed of a cherry which the poet, a young boy sows in order to have a tree of his own. He forgets to take care of the planted seed but the plant, with the help of nature and rain has a natural growth. On its journey to its growth, it faces many odds in life, but by sheer will-power survives all adversities. Meanwhile, the poet has to go to Kashmir. When he comes back he is surprised to see a full-six-feet high fruit-bearing tree at his door. The poet is ecstatic in this middle part of the story.

At the end of the story, the poet spends time in company of his cherry tree from dawn to dusk, enjoying the sights and sounds, birds and insects, the bright sun and the twinkling stars. He concludes the poem expressing his pride for being the creator of such an atmosphere because of his own cherry tree.

The poem shifts to different places at different times as it begins in the poet’s garden where the cherry tree has been sowed, tells the readers about the poet’s visit to Kashmir, comes back to see the cherry tree at his door and finally ends at his garden where the cherry tree stands tall.

The cherry tree is the protagonist, that is, the main character of the story which narrates the different phases of the life of the tree in a span of eight years. The poet, the owner of the cherry tree also represents a character of the story since he is the one who is involved in the life of the tree. Sometimes actively and sometimes by narrating the happening in its life. Apart from these two main characters, there are some small characters like the goats, the grass cutter, the birds and insects who also play small but significant roles in the story.

There is definitely a continuity in the presentation of the story in a sequence. From the planting of the cherry seed in the poet’s garden, its life as a baby with tall grasses hiding it, its struggle for survival without having much care, its aggressive growth to get light, air and sun and finally becoming a six-feet high fruit-bearing tree.

There is no direct conversation among the poet, the readers and the other characters in the poem but the presentation of the happenings in the story makes it appear as if the cherry tree is expressing its desires and determinations to the poet. In the beginning of the poem also the poet tells his readers the reason for his sowing the cherry seed and that is given in direct speech as if he is talking to his readers.

It is a time-bound poem since the sowed cherry seed grows into a full-grown tree in a span of eight years. The poet also intermittently, keeps on mentioning about the change of season during the growth of the tree, his stay in Kashmir for one season and finally after his return his feeling of happiness or seeing the fruit-bearing six feet high tree.

Question (ii)
Compose 8 to 10 lines. Narrate any incident in your life without using any rhyming pattern.
Answer:
Speaking Tree

“Look at me. Don’t like to see me? Green and soothing to the eye?”
Somebody called me as I was walking away.
I stopped, looked around, curious to know the speaker,
Herd the voice again, this time with more emotions.
“Have mercy on us, don’t kill us day in and day out”,
Save trees, save environment – everyone’s demand, I suppose,
But who listens? sky scrappers mushroom, higher and higher,
All are happy, no need to think about our fall.
Yet we love you, want to care and serve,
One earth, one planet, with you let’s share.

Question (iii)
Write an appreciation of the poem.
Answer:
The poem ‘Cherry Tree’ is about the poet Ruskin Bond’s excitement over a cherry tree whose seed he planted eight years ago and the steady growth of the plant to a big tree, bearing tender cherries. The existence of the tree is so important for the poet that he has not thought of any other title but the simple ‘Cherry Tree’ to make the tree appear all important.

The poet planted the seed of the cherry just because he wanted to own a plant. The plant grew on its own without much care from anybody except nature and rain, learnt to fight against all odds and was finally successful in bearing tender berries. The poet, after spending a season in Kashmir, came back to get the surprise of a six feet high cherry tree at his door. He felt so attached to the tree that he started spending long hours, from dawn to dusk, in the company of his cherry tree, watching the flora and fauna around it and taking pride for being responsible for the existence of the tree.

The poet used simple language to narrate the birth and growth of his cherry tree. The process is known to all but the narration made it an interesting story. The figures of speech used are all common ones and easy to understand. The beauty of the nature can be enjoyed and appreciated by one and all because of the informal language.

The poet has stuck to the topic of the cherry tree right from the beginning to the end of the poem. Ruskin Bond basically writes for the children and he has not done anything where a child’s attention can be diverted from the cherry tree. The child can easily identify with the feelings and joys of the poem and this gives the poem its exclusivity.

But the poem also has a food for thought, a deeper meaning of struggle for survival, qualities needed to fight back and be a winner, dedication, growth and pride. The cherry’s fight starts at a very young age when it appears difficult because of it small size. But, as it grows up it learns, through experience, to be stronger.

The similar situation happens in human life also. The learning process continues at every young stage of life and makes a person capable of handling the adversities as tactfully as possible. The poet is proud that he has planted the cherry seed which now gives him so much of satisfaction as the parents of an individual feels seeing the success of their child.

It gives me immense pleasure to read and understand the beauty of the poem, The clarity in the language and the lucidity of presentation help me enjoy each and every stage of the growth of the cherry tree. I am able to connect with its struggle and feel related when it wins the race of life.

Question (iv)
Write a summary of the poem using the following points.
• Title
……………………………..
Introductory paragraph (about the poem, type, Nature, tone)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..
• Main body (central idea, gist of the poem)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..

Conclusion (opinion, views, appeal)
……………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………..
Answer:
Refer Synopsis

(A6)

Question (i)
Write the poem ‘Cherry Tree’ in the form of a story.
Answer:
Refer Towards Appreciation (1) question (paragraph 1, 2, 3).

Question (ii)
Write in 100 words what the cherry tree in the poem symbolises.
Answer:
The cherry tree symbolises struggle, patience, devotion, growth and responsibility. Just like an individual who faces problems in life, is able to come out of it if he is ready to face it bravely, the cherry tree resists all hazards in its life to grow into a beautiful six feet high fruit-bearing tree. The poet only helped the tree to grow by planting the seed but it was defenseless after that. However, with growth, stability has come into its life. The poet may be suggesting that it can also happen in human life. So, like a parent he feels responsible for its growth.

Question (iii)
You have studied the lesson ‘The Call of the Soil’ from prose 1.3. Compare ‘Cherry Tree’ with ‘The Call of the Soil’ and find out the element of joy of nurturing for the author and the poet.
Answer:
The author of “The Call of the Soil” Mr. Venkateshwaran Iyer, was unsuccessfully searching for the aromatic rice Kasbai for months and suddenly the old lady from a remote village gave him the good news of of having the rice. This revelation from the old lady was indeed very exciting for him. Ever since, he had heard about the rice, he had cherished the dream of growing it and now he could see the possibility of his dream to be fulfilled.

The poet Raskin Bond told the readers the story of his cherry tree whose seed he had planted but forgot to take care of it. After a gap of eight years, when he saw the full-grown tree with fruits on it, his joy, like Mr. Iyer knew no bound. The similarity in both the stories in the element of fulfillment of desire.

(A7)

Project:

Question 1.
Visit the library and collect at least five poems of any Nature poet. Write the poems along their summary.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 2.1 Cherry Tree Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The thought which prompted the poet to plant the cherry seed.
Answer:
The thought which prompted the poet to plant the cherry tree was to have a tree of his own.

Question 2.
The threats to the cherry sapling were –
Answer:
The threats to the cherry sapling were (i) goats (ii) grass cutter (iii) monsoon

State whether the following statements are True or False and correct the false statements.

Question (i)
They destroyed the cherry tree.
Answer:
False. They damaged the cherry sapling but could not destroy it as it had a violent urge to move ahead.

Question (ii)
The cherry tree had an instinct to survive.
Answer:
True

Question (iii)
The blossoms are fragile.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The poet felt richer because –
Answer:
The poet felt richer because he had a six feet high cherry tree of his own at his door.

Question 5.
The beneficiaries of the cherry tree are –
Answer:

The finches, that is, the seed-eating songbirds.
The ecstatic bees who drank nectar from each bloom.
The moon-moths who took shelter in the tree.
The singing crickets who took shelter in the tree.
Of course, the poet himself who claims to be the owner of the tree, provides enjoyment for himself as well as other beneficiaries.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the web to show the growth of the cherry tree. (Answers are given directly in bold)

Answer:

Question 2.
Describe the struggle of the cherry tree during its growth.
Answer:
The young cherry tree had to really work hard to grow into a full-grown tree. It had pushed itself strongly and aggressively in order to get the benefit of light, air and sun. It had nobody to take care and so it had to make its own effort to fulfill its desire to survive and develop.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
State in about 50 words your worries about cutting of trees for human habitation. Suggest atleast one solution.
Answer:
I understand the necessity of providing place for human habitation but at the same time I am worried about cutting of trees for that purpose which is one of the main causes of environmental pollution. My suggestion is to make it compulsory for all housing societies to plant trees to get ‘No Objection Certificate’.

Creativity:

Question 1.
Without using any rhyming pattern, write a poem of four lines about your enjoyment in thfe company of your friend.
Answer:
My friends are my assets, my lifeline,
our togetherness, everyone’s envy. We fight, we patch up,
we cherish our love and loyalty.
We’re committed to protect our friendship,
protect we must.

Appreciation:

Question 1.
Write a critical appreciation of the extract with the help of the following points. (100 -150 words).

About the extract
Theme and significance
Poetic style, language, features / poetic devices
Inspirational message, moral, reflected
Your opinion and critical evaluation of the extract.

Answer:
The extract brings out the struggle for survival of the cherry tree which had nobody to take care of it. It also depicts the excitement of the poet when he sees the full-grown tree with ripened berries hanging from it.

The poet has used simple language and common figures of speech like Alliteration, Antithesis to express the process of growth of the cherry tree and his own excitement of seeing the six-feet high tree.

But the extract also draws attention towards the qualities needed to survive and be a winner. The poet appreciates the cherry tree’s process of growth and is proud to own it. His satisfaction comes out very clearly like the proud parents who glow in the glory of their child. The will-power of the young plant to grow and the appreciation of the poet of the fully-grown cherry tree appeal to me immensely as a reader.

Glossary:

scythe – mowing and reaping tool with slightly long curved blade attached to a handle used to cut long grass and grain
blight – a plant disease typically one caused by fungi
shrivelled – wrinkled or shrunken due to lack of moisture
dried slender – thin
struggle – making forceful against odds
thrust – to push with sudden impulse or force
fierce – displaying a violent urge
lust – strong desire
miracle – a welcoming or happy event developing by chance that cannot be explained with reason or science
scarcely – almost not
ripened (ripen) – became or made ripe
jeweled- adorned with jewels
blossoms – bloom
fragile – weak
finches- a small seed-eating songbird flitted – pass lightly softly or rapidly
dappled – marked with rounded patches
ecstasy – a feeling of greatest happiness
nectar – a sweet fluid secreted by plants
moon-moths – a large pale long green moth
crickets – an insect, characteristic for it is its musical chirping sound.

11th Std English Questions And Answers:

Tiger Hills 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.6 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.6 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

1. Ajoy and Sujoy went to watch a cricket match. They enjoyed it very much, but they missed their friends Vinay and Sunay. Next day, when the four friends met, Ajoy reported how the game was played, how the players performed and how the game ended. Sujoy told them that they missed Vinay and Sunay very much and they were eager to tell them about the enjoyments.

Question (i)
Complete the following sentences:
Answer:
(a) Ajay reported about the strategy of the game, the performance of the players and the way the game had ended.
(b) Sujoy reported about their feeling of missing their other two friends Vinay and Sunay and also about their eagerness to tell them how much they had enjoyed watching the cricket match.

Question (ii)
The word ‘report’ means –
(a) Give a spoken or written account of something.
(b) Cover an event or subject as a journalist or reporter.
Answer:
(a) Give a spoken or written account of something.

Question (i)
Find out the meaning of the following words:
Answer:
(a) Reportage: The reporting of news by the press and the broadcasting media.
(b) Reporter: A person employed to find out informations about the news events and describe them for a newspaper, magazine, radio or television.
(c) Reported Speech: When a speaker’s words are reported in subordinate clauses governed by a reporting verb and the necessary changes of person and tense.
(d) Reportorial: A writer, investigator or presenter of news stories.

Question (ii)
Make a list of the factors which make war stories or war-movies interesting.
Answer:
(a) They are usually based on historical facts.
(b) They need to have a gripping story line.
(c) They help us to understand the risks and sacrifices of the soilders.
(d) They make us realize the importance of peaceful co-existence and the futility of war.

(A1)

Question (i)
Imagine that you are about to interview the writer. Write 10 to 15 questions regarding the operation.
Answer:
On the 20th Anniversary of Kargil war, we remember an armed conflict between India and Pakistan in the Kargil District of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control. We are fortunate to have in our studio General Ved Prakash Malik, who was the Chief of the Army Staff of India at that time.

Excerpts from the Interview :

Good Morning, General Malik ! We are fortunate to have you in our studio on a day which is considered a zed-letter day in Indian history. What is the first word that comes to your mind when Kargil war is mentioned?
How confident were you about Indian Victory?
Was our Army prepared for such a difficult operation? Please give one or two examples.
Your book on ‘Kargil’ says it all. How did you feel while narrating or rather reporting the events of those days?
Kargil was the first war in Indian military history when media covered the entire battle live. How did you feel when you watched the coverage?
What was your first reaction when this proposal came from media?
You must have spent many sleepless nights when your boys were fighting a tough battle in Kargil. Share with us some of your experiences of those days.
We have heard many stories of Kargil war like Vikram Batra, ‘Yeh Dil Mange More’. Tell us one or two of your unforgettable memories associated with ‘Operation Vijay’.
There must be some memories of disappointments also. How did you handle them?
What is your comment on the humanitarian norms maintained even at a time of emergency?
How are the families of the Armymen involved when a war like this goes on?
What was your first reaction when you heard about the moment of victory?
What were your key words to your boys when you talked to them after they successfully accomplished the tough job?
My last question to you is what do you want to say to the civilians about their behaviour during a war or a war-like situation?

Thank You very much General Malik for giving your valuable time to our viewers and all of us to make us know so many facts about the Kargil war.

(A2)

Question (i)
Enlist any four facts which made the capturing of Tiger Hill a national challenge.
Answer:

The top of the Tiger Hill appeared almost impossible to capture since the enemy position on this mountaintop dominated parts of Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway.
Bad weather and a poor visibility due to darkness were two major hindrances for the Indian Army.
Accurate firing by the well-trained enemy soldiers from the southernmost high ground was stalling the Indian Army for some time.
Prevention of enemy reinforcements was an urgent necessity to evict the enemy from the Tiger Hill.

Question (ii)
Different arms and ammunitions are mentioned in the excerpt. Find their names.
Answer:
Some of the arms and ammunitions used in the operation Tiger Hill are :

Bofors Guns
Individual Guns
Multi barrelled Grad rocket launchers
Mortars
Artillery
Grenades
Field and medium guns

Question (iii)
“Wars are not fought only on the battlefield’. Comment.
Answer:
This statement is true. Since in every walk of life, people have to fight to get their demands fulfilled and justice to prevail. The military war is, of course, fought in the battlefield but the family of the soldiers and the civilians also get involved since the country goes through a difficult phase.

In our day to day life also, we have to fight a number of battles. War against corruption, diseases, price-rise, natural disasters causing immense suffering and the fight one has to do to combat that, are all the wars that are not fought in the actual battlefield. They also have to be fought on the battlefield of life and they are the struggles for survival.

Question (iv)
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
Answer:
(a) Throughout the last week of June 1999, 18 Grenadiers probed to establish the extent of the enemy’s defences.
(b) They also explored to find out suitable routes for the assault.
(c) After confirming the multidirectional assault as the best strategy, the commanding officer drew up an elaborate artillery fire plan.
(d) Individual guns were ranged so as to cover each objective.
(e) Bofors guns were used in a direct firing role.

Question (v)
Complete the flow chart showing the events on the day of the assault.

Answer:
Question (vi)
Rewrite the given statements in their order of occurrence.
The most difficult task of maintaining the hold on Tiger Hill was achieved in this way :
(a) 8 Sikh was ordered to attack and capture Helmet and India Gate.
(b) Bodies of the Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.
(c)During the ferocious artillery duels the Grenadiers hung on their precarious perch with grit and determination.
(d) 8 Sikh fought back successfully two counterattacks with forty to fifty personnel.
(e) An adhoc column of 8 Sikh climbed the steep rock and captured India Gate.
(f) In spite of heavy casualties, 8 Sikh captured Helmet on 5 July.
Answer:
(a) During the ferocious artillery duels the Grenadiers hung on their precarious perch with grit and determination.
(b) 8 Sikh was ordered to attack and capture Helmet and India Gate.
(c) An adhoc column of 8 Sikh climbed the steep rock and captured India Gate.
(d) In spite of heavy casualties, 8 Sikh captured Helmet on 5th July.
(e) 8 Sikh fought back successfully two counterattacks with forty to fifty personnel.
(f) Bodies of Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.

(A3)

Question (i)
Find out the meanings of the following idioms / phrases and use them in your own sentences.
Answer:

To hit the bull’s eye – get something exactly right.
The reporter’s comments on the negligence of the authority hit the bull’s eve.
To be taken by surprise – to shock someone by one’s sudden appearance on action.
The enemy soldiers were taken by surprise when our soldiers attacked them suddenly.
To get a toehold – to get an initial, stable position to proceed further.
My friend is trying to get a toehold in the entertainment industry by doing modelling.
Under the cover of – hidden or protected by
The freedom fighters carried on many of their attacks under the cover of darkness.

Question (ii)
Find words from the text related to the war affairs.
Answer:
Brigadier, commander, capture, evicting, enemy, defense, mission, Mountain Brigade, artillery, combat, Grenadiers, strategy, assault, field, regiment, guns, The Air Force, military, target, company, infantry, captain, firefighting, duels, commando, hand-to-hand fight, bombardment, counterattack, battle, courage, reinforcements, Major, Lieutenant, soldiers, Subedar, casualties, Naib, Subedar, recapture, outcome, valour, victory.

(A4)

Question (i)
Find out the sentence with ‘Though, Although, Even though or But’ from the text and say its purpose.
Answer:
Although 18 Grenadiers held the top now, linking up with them was not so easy. Though/Although are subordinating conjunction which is used to introduce a subordinate clause and it needs a main clause to make it complete.

Question (ii)
Put ‘a/an’ or ‘the’ at proper places. Put a cross (x) where no article is applicable.
Answer:

Ravi walked up to the principal’s cabin.
Ahmed lives in a small town.
Can I use × Cell Phone?
Who’s the woman in your office?
I need an English-Marathi dictionary.

(A5)

Question (i)
Imagine you are one of the soldiers from 18 Grenadiers on the mission Tiger Hill. Narrate your experience of the war to your friend.
Answer:
Today I get goosebumps when I narrate to you about our mission Tiger Hill. Thankfully, at that time we were mentally alert and were prepared to combat our enemy. Now, I can refer to the incident as a ‘story’ but it is a reality to fight for the honour of our Motherland. I was one of the members or I should say soldiers of 18 Grenadiers who were assigned the mission of capturing the Tiger Hill with 8 Sikh, which was already posted at the base.

Moreover, a crack-team, that is, a highly specialized team of soldiers who could respond quickly and smartly, were with us to assist. We found out the extent of our enemy’s strength and searched for the suitable routes to attack. I still remember, on 3rd July, 1999, at 7pm, we started our multidirectional attack with the support of our fire power of artillery and mortars. You can’t imagine how bad the weather was.

There was darkness all around and it was extremely cold. In spite of all adversities, we were successful in holding the top of the Tiger Hill, but connecting with other companies was very difficult. The enemy camp also came out of their initial surprise and fierce counterattacks started immediately. Casualties were many and the numbers were increasing, but by God’s grace we could hold on the top, facing all dangers.

I must say here that my colleague Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav and his team showed exceptional courage. 8 Sikh team decided another strategy of stopping the supply route to our enemy and that worked wonders.

To cut a long story short, finally the entire mission was accomplished on 3rd July, 1999 at night. We captured the Tiger Hill Top, though heavy fighting was still going on. But the enemy was unable to dislodge us and we won this fierce battle, thank God !

Today, as I narrated the happenings of those days, my eyes were filled with tears. We have won the Kargil war, our operation Vijay, but I have lost many of my friends. I salute those martyrs. They are the bravehears who sacrificed their lives to safeguard the prestige of our dear Motherland, India.

Question (ii)
Would you like to join Indian Army/Navy/ Air force? If not, suggest other ways in which you could serve your nation.
Answer:
I may not join Indian Army / Navy / Air Force but I want to be a teacher and facilitate all round development , of my students. I believe ‘Examples are better than precept’ .

So, I shall never try to preach, but follow certain principles in my own life to motivate the students to become not only sincere in studies but be good human beings to be assets to the nation. The bravehearts who captured the Tiger Hill Top by sheer grit and determination have taught me the lesson of hard work, perseverance and devotion. I shall try to inspire my students to achieve these qualities to be pillars which will hold the nation strongly.

Question (iii)
Report Writing:

Question (i)
Study the web diagram and write the characteristics of report writing.
Answer:
A report should present factual and unbiased informations in brief and then analyze the facts. The reporter need to convert the comments of a person in indirect speech. He/she should always write a report in past tense and use passive voice.

Question (a)
You are Sharad Mathur, the General Secretary of the Sports Club of your college. Write a brief report of the Annual Sports activities for the college magazine.
Answer:
Annual Sports Activities 2019-20

Sharad Mathur.
(General Secretary, Sports Club)

27 December 2019

The sports club of xyz college, Ghatkopar had planned Annual Sports Activities for the academic session 2019-2020.

A variety of indoor and outdoor games were listed and our principals Dr. Atul Shanbag had approved the entire list. The professor-in-charge for sports, Shri Pankj Malhotra and his team of students had arranged for Inter-Collegiate Sports meet also where many colleges from Mumbai and its suburbs were invited to participate. The response was overwhelming. But, -before that, many intra college competitions were organized for our students to get enough practice.

Sports events were planned for the teachers also where teachers from other colleges in our college campus participated. These activities were interesting and the students enjoyed a lot.

As General Secretary of the Sports Club, I thank our principal, sports teacher and all the teachers of our college as well as teachers of our college campus and my dear fellow students for making the sports activities of their academic year, a grand success.

Question (b)
Your school organised ‘Van Mahotsav Day’ recently. Write in about 100 to 150 words a report to be published in the school magazine.
Answer:
Van Mahotsav Celebration

XYZ
Secretary, Green Earth

6 June 2019

Van Mahotsav was celebrated by Green Earth, the environment club of our college with a lot of interest from the students on 5th June, the World Environment Day. The Mayor of Mumbai, was the Chief Guest and she planted a sapling on the college compound. The principal Ms. Shobha Patil urged the students and the teachers to plant more trees and to launch a campaign to save the environment.

Speaking on the occasion, Mayor Ms. Chande told that God had created environment and human beings to stay in harmony with each other. But unfortunately the imbalance between the two was disturbing. We should join hands to remove this imbalance.

Students of XIth standard presented a street play on saving the environment. A Cultural Programme concentrating on environment-friendly topics, was presented by the students. The programme ended with the vote of thanks offered by the secretary of the Environment Club of the college, who expressed his gratitude to everybody present there for encouraging such awareness drive.

Question (c)
You are the secretary of the NSS unit of your college. Write a brief report of the Blood Donation Camp arranged by your unit.
Answer:
Blood Donation Camp, 2019

Sushant Mehta
Secretary, NSS Unit

27 June 2019

The NSS unit of our college organized a blood donation camp on 24th June,2019 at 9am in the college premises. Dr. Ashok Patel, the eminent surgeon of KEM Hospital. Was the chief guest.

The programme started with the college prayer. NSS Convenor, Shri Ashish Chopra Sir, welcomed the chief guest and introduced him. Our principal, in her speech, thanked the respected chief guest, for sparing his valuable time to motivate the donors, for the noble cause.

Dr. Patel, in his simple but motivating words made the donors aware that blood donation was safe for healthy adult and there was no risk for contracting diseases as new sterile equipments are used for each donor. He also informed that the donor’s body usually replaced the liquid part of blood within 72 hours after giving blood. He advised the donors to take healthy meal, plenty of water and to have a good night’s sleep. One of the members of the NSS Unit offered Vote of thanks. The Blood Donation Camp was grand success because of the overwhelming response from the student donors and some of our teachers.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.6 Tiger Hills Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
During the war the soldiers need to plan strategies.
1. Find the strategies planned.
2. Find some words related with such strategies.
Answer:
1. The strategies planned were:
(a) A thorough investigation to find out the extent of the enemy’s defenses
(b) To look out for the probable routes of the attac k
(e) Drawing of a detailed fire plan of the heavy weapons by the commanding officers
(d) Individual guns were ranged to cover each target
(e) Bofors guns were used in a direct firing with accuracy
2. Words related with such strategies are: scout, probe, enemy’s defences, suitable route, strategy, fire plan, direct firing, assault, targeted, accuracy.

Question 2.
The enemy was taken aback due to the steps taken by the Indian Army. With the help of the text find out strategies of the Indian Army for such a situation.
Answer:
Captain Sachin Nimbalkar who was leading ‘D’ company, moved ahead with his company in a steep slope at the edge of the plateau ignoring darkness and bad weather. The enemy could never imagine that this could be made possible by the Indian soldiers and naturally they were surprised. There was another surprise waiting for the enemy when Lieutenant Balwan Singh along with ‘C’ Company and Ghatak (Commando) platoon could reach through one of the most difficult north eastern extension of the mountain, just thirty meters away from the top.

Both these approaches caught the enemy unaware and the Indian Army achieved their objective. Media supported and assisted the battle live. Guess the risks of the media people as well as of the army. The live coverage of media has its pros and cons. It is indeed a sign of progress and helps the army to access their strategies at the break of the war or after the war.

But too much of transparency can create confusion and invite criticism from the world around. Of course, there are always the risks of loss of lives as well as severe injuries of the civilian media people who might not have proper military training.

A great humanitarian norm is maintained during the battle. Find out and comment on it. At the time of war, it is important to remember basic humanitarian principles of life and the Indian Army has done exactly that while handling the casualties in the battle of Kargil.

Pakistani Captain Karnal Sher Khan lost his life in the counterattack from Indian Army. His body was handed over to Pakistani authorities with due respect. Other bodies of the deceased Pakistani soldiers, which were lying all over the battleground, were collected and cremated appropriately with the proper honour, a martyr deserved. The narrator uses selective words to express the Victory. They are:

Jubilation
Relief
Replaced gloomy mood of the people
Stabilized Situation.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Rewrite the given statements in their order of occurance:
(i) 18 Grenadiers probed to scout for suitable routes for the assault.
(ii) A crack team assisted both 18 Grenadiers and 8 Sikh.
(iii) Air Force joined Tiger Hill Mission on 2-3 July.
(iv) Media Projected Mission Tiger Hill as a national challenge.
Answer:
(iv) Media Projected Mission Tiger Hill as a national challenge.
(ii) A crack team assisted both 18 Grenadiers and 8 Sikh.
(i) 18 Grenadiers probed to scout for suitable routes for the assault.
(iii) Air Force joined Tiger Hill Mission on 2-3 July.

Say whether the following statements are true or false and correct the false statements.

Question (i)
The bodies of the Pakistani Soldiers were handed over to the Pakistani authorities.
Answer:
False. The bodies of the Pakistani soldiers were collected and buried appropriately.

Question (ii)
The writer got the news of the captured hill in the early morning.
Answer:
True

Question (iii)
When the Defence Minister landed at the New Delhi airport, the writer gave him the exciting news.
Answer:
False. The Defense Minister landed at the Amritsar airport

Question (iv)
The Indians were in a gloomy mood when the war was going on.
Answer:
True

Complex Factual

Question 1.
Why did the media project Tiger Hill Mission as a national heritage?
Answer:
The clear visibility of the top of the Tiger Hill from the highway posed a big challenge for the Army. Not only was it exposed to everybody but the level of difficulty could also be felt before the beginning of the mission. That made the media come to the conclusion of referring Tiger Hill Mission, a challenge for the nation since all the activities of the soldiers could be seen.

Question 2.
Why was the writer keen to make the announcement on 4th July.
Answer:
The writer was keen to make the announcement of the recapture of the Tiger Hill to the world as a meeting was scheduled on the same day between the Prime Minister of Pakistan and the President of the USA. As Pakistan always denied the existence of such a mountain feature labelling it as a figment of Indian imagination, it was important for the world to know the reality, making Pakistani denial impossible.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
Make a list of four strategies that were planned for Mission Tiger Hill.
Answer:
The strategies planned were:

A thorough investigation to find out the extent of the enemy’s defenses
To look out for the probable routes of the attack
Drawing of a detailed fire plan of the heavy weapons by the commanding officers
Individual guns were ranged to cover each target

Question 2.
Why did the writer decide to wait for the announcement of the capture of the Tiger Hill? Explain. Answer:
The writer, after consulting to GOC 15 Corps and Nirmal Chander Vij decided to wait for officer’s announcement of the victory since heavy fighting was going on. There was still no confirmation from GOC 8 Mountain Division who was at the forefront. So, the writer decided for the authentic news to come to him from somebody who was at the war front.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Explain whether you support live media coverage of the war.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with General Malik when he talks about transparency through the live media coverage. It is definitely a sign of progress and must be helpful for the Army for the assessment of their strategies. But, at the same time, live media coverage can create confusion which the reporters need to be careful about.

Question 2.
Express your feeling after reading the passage.
Answer:
I feel proud about Indian soldiers who took risks to save the pride of our Motherland. I am also extremely impressed by the respect showed to the enemy soldiers who also laid their lives for their country. I respect the way the writer has shown his responsibility to make an official announcement.

Language Study:

Question (i)
A simultaneous multidirectional assault emerged as the best strategy.
(Use the word ‘Good’and rewrite)
Answer:
No other strategy emerged as good as a simultaneous multidirectional assault.

Question (ii)
The Air Force targeted Tiger Hill on 2-3 July and hit the bull’s eye several times. (Use ‘Not only But also’and rewrite)
Answer:
Not only did the Air Force target Tiger Hill on 2-3 July but also hit the bull’s eyes several times.

Question (iii)
In India, wave of jubilation and relief replaced the gloomy mood of the people.
(Use ‘not only but also’)
Answer:
In India, not only a wave of jubilation but also relief replaced the gloomy mood of the people.

Question (iv)
The enemy would not be able to dislodge 18 Grenadiers. (Remove Negative)
Answer:
The enemy would be unable to dislodge 18 Grenadiers.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Pick up some names of the artillery used for Mission Tiger Hill.
Answer:
Bofors guns, rocket launchers, field and medium guns, mortars.

Question 2.
Give noun forms of the following adding suffixes.

confirm
bury
collect
consult

Answer:

Confirmation
burial
collection
consultation

Grammar:

Question 1.
Use of a/an/the
a/an – Indefinite articles
‘a’ is used with consonents and ‘an’ is used with vowels, that is, with the letters, ‘a,e,i,o,u’. They are used when we mention something for the first time, e.g., ‘And on the mountain stands a tree’.
But, ‘the’, a definite article, is used with something already mentioned, e.g., ‘And on the tree there is a branch’.

Glossary:

majestically – with impressive beauty
vicinity – surrounding area
features – characteristics
projected – predicted
episode – incident / event
assigned – allotted / given
grenadiers – soldiers armed with Grenades
crack – team – highly specialized team who can do things quickly and smartly
combat – action / battle
scout – look out
spell – a short period
elaborate – detailed
assault – strike / hit
mortars – short, smooth bore-guns
transparency – clarity / openness
artillery – heavy weapons
intermediate – middle / in-between
negotiate – arrange / work out
steep – sharp
inclement – cold / chilly
orchestrated – planned
duels – Fight between two people to settle a point
bombardment – shelling
wore off – lessened / faded
gearing up – preparing for an activity
casualties – losses / deaths
grit – courage
evict – oust / remove
reinforcements – extra persons sent to increase the strength of the army
platoon – squad / unit
reverse – backwards
scattered – spread over large area
dislodge – remove / displace
confirmation – support
outcome – result
a figment of imagination – something made up / created by one’s mind
jubilation – joy / great happiness
gloomy – depressing / cheerless
acquitted – conducted oneself
velour – courage
battalion – army / contingent / unit
adjacent – situated near or close to something,
evicting: to remove somebody from a house or land, especially with the support of law
well- fortified – to strengthen a place well against attack
mission – a particular task done by a person or a group a particular aim or duty that one wants to fulfill more than anything else
protrusion – a thing that extends from the place or from the surface something that sticks out,spur- an area of high ground extending from a mountain or hill
escarpment – a long,steep slope at the edge of a plateau
precarious – not safe,dangerous,
perch – a high seat or position
adhoc – adv- when necessary or needed
tenure – the act or a period of holding an important, especially political position

11th Std English Questions And Answers

Mrs. Adis 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.5 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.5 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

(i) Share your opinions/feelings about a stranger who has a villainous look/ appearance.

Question 1.
The feeling of a person when he commits a mistake are –
Answer:

He tries to justify it
He tries to hide it
He tries to get sympathy
He becomes offensive as offence is the best form of defense
He pretends to be innocent

Question (ii)
The person who makes a mistake or commits a crime should be punished because –
Answer:

He should not repeat his mistake.
He can misunderstand forgiveness as weakness.
The punishment can reform his character as he may feel ashamed and repentant.
The punishment will be an example to others not to commit such crimes.
The punishment may save him from being a hardcore anti social.

(A1)

Question (i)
Describe the atmosphere in the woods when Peter Crouch was heading towards Mrs. Adis’s house. It was –
Answer:
(a) A dark moonless night.
(b) A night without even a twilight and the only light seen was the light from the stars far away on the black sky.
(c) A soundless, windless, clear night where only the sound of the dogs barking and a man’s own footsteps could be heard.

Question (ii)
Peter Crouch didn’t knock before entering Mrs. Adis’s house, because –
Answer:

he was in trouble.
he did not want anybody to know that he had entered the house.
he knew he had shot a man.

Question (iii)
Find the reasons that forced Peter to shoot down a person
Answer:
The reasons that forced peter to shoot down a person were:

The keepers spotted him
He was scared that the keepers would arrest him for hunting the rabbits
He knew that it was too dark a night for the keepers to recognize him

Question (iv)
Mrs. Adis didn’t hand over Peter Crouch to the keepers because –
Answer:

She knew he was a good friend of her son Tom
She believed that Peter would never have harmed Tom knowingly because of their friendship
Probably she thought Tom would not have liked his friend to be arrested because of his mother and anyway her dead son would not come back even if Peter was arrested.

(A2)

Question 1.
The writer has used a phrase ‘Thudding Heart’ which means pounding, or beating of heart, Do you know ‘Thud’ is an onomatopoeic word which means a heavy sound made by an object falling to the ground. Discuss with your partner and make a list of Onomatopoeic words that you find in the text.

…………..
………….
………….

Answer:

Crackling
Rustling
Dragging

(A3)

Question 1.
‘She went to one of the kitchen drawers’.
Look at the sentence carefully. The underlined word tells us that she went (some time ago) to a particular place (at one of the kitchen drawers). Now write what you did ‘yesterday’ and what your friend did ‘yesterday’. Complete the table.
Answer:

YOU	ABOUT
I saw a Movie	He / She wrote an essay
I went out for dinner with my family in my favourite restaurant	He / She played with friends
I did my home work	He / She watched TV
I went out to play	He / She talked over the phone to one of our friends
I watched a movie in Netflix	He / She played with his/ her sibling
I spent time with my grand parents	He / She studied
I talked to my father about the happenings in my school	He / She had dinner and read a story book lying on the bed

(A4)

Question 1.
Imagine your friend/younger brother or sister has committed a grave mistake that has resulted in a great loss to the college property or to your family. He/she seeks your advice to come out of the situation/problem. Write a dialogue between you and your friend/brother/sister who describes the entire situation and seeks help from you. Take help of the following points.

Introduction
Confessing the mistake
Seeking help
Your advice/suggestion
Concluding part

Answer:
Saikat: Hi buddy ! How are you? Didn’t see you yesterday, Kunal. Where were you?
Eunal: I was playing football. In fact, I was also looking out for you after the game, but couldn’t find you.
Saikat: Kunal, in fact I need to talk to you about something serious.
Kunal: Serious? What’s it? You Look worried too! Tell me. Let’s see whether we can solve the problem together.
Saikat: I had borrowed a book from the library and I lost it. Somebody picked it up from my bag. I should have been more careful about a library-book. I can’t even tell my mummy about it, she’ll scold me for being careless. I really don’t know what to do. At present I don’t have enough money to buy the book and return it to the library, confessing my mistake.
Kunal: But you have no choice. You must inform the librarian and let him decide what step should be taken. You also should tell aunty what actually has happened. I’m sure, aunty will help you come out of this problem. Truth has no alternative. The mistake has happened may be unknowingly. But you must not hide it from your mother. If required, I will come to your place to talk to aunty. But first, come with me. Let’s write a letter to our librarian with a copy to the principal.
Saikat: You always come out with reasonable solutions. I will do as you have told me. It sounds quite logical. Why don’t you come home so that I get confidence to talk to mummy.
Kunal: I will have to inform my mother too. Otherwise she will be worried. But, our first job is to write the letter.
Saikat: Ok. Thank you so much.
Kunal: It will be my pleasure if I can help you solve your problem.

(A5)

Question 1.
The best punishment is ‘forgiveness’. Discuss the sentence in the light of the text you have read. You can make use of following points.

Forgiveness provides opportunity to change the behaviour.
Forgiveness leads to repentance.
A person may commit a mistake / crime impulsively or under the force of strong emotions.
……………………………………………….
…………………………………………………

Answer:
Forgiveness

No one is perfect in this world as the saying goes, “To err is human, to forgive divine”. Committing mistake is not a crime. Understanding that the mistake has been committed is more important than moving towards the path of changing behaviour. In fact, identifying the mistake, recognizing it as a mistake is necessary for a person to reform. And if we can be successful in helping a person to reform his / her character by granting forgiveness, it also helps us to come out of a sense of guilt.

He / She has fallen down, we can be the facilitators for him / her to get up and start afresh. Moreover, revenge can never wipe out crime but it can definitely increase hostility. Forgiveness also helps us to come out of a feeling of guilt. But a hardcore criminal who harms innocent people knowingly and intentionally, should not be spared just by forgiveness.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.5 Mrs. Adis Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The writer describes Mrs. Adis as –
Answer:

A small woman
A woman of not more than forty two years
A thin woman with a brown hard face
Having dried skin on the face that caused wrinkles

Question 2.
Mrs. Adis asks Peter Crouch whether he has had quarrel with the keepers. This shows that –
Answer:

She was extremely intelligent
She was quite observant
She was alert and quick in thinking

Question 3.
“That was the keepers”… make trouble” (Refer textbook page 47)
List some characteristics of Mrs. Adis based on the incident of the passage.
Answer:

Helpful
Kind
Matter-of-Fact
Loved her son very dearly
Practical

Question 4.
Viider guessed that Crouch has taken refuge in Mrs. Adis’ house because –
Answer:
Vildar must have guessed the nearby places where it was possible for Crouch to hide. Crouch thought that Vilder’s guess was correct since he had come to the right place. Crouch also felt that the keepers had followed him to reach the exact destination.

Question 5.
“There’s been a row”- the row took place because –
Answer:
A man was trying to hunt rabbits and the keepers could hear the noise of it. The man thought they did not see him because of the darkness, the man probably had seen them. So, he ran away as the keepers had scared him.

Question 6.
Mrs. Adis unlocked the door because –
Answer:
She wanted Crouch to leave her place safely as Crouch was a good friend of her son Tom. She wanted to respect the friendship of her dead son. Crouch was the killer of her son but punishing him could not get her son Tom back.

Question 7.
Then silently, each ‘wrung’ the mother by the hand and went away. Guess the meaning, ‘wrung’ here.
Answer:
‘Wrung’ here means holding the mothers hand tightly to give her assurance of their co-operation.

Question 8.
Find the difference between : shivering and trembling
Answer:
Shivering and trembling do have similar meanings but there is difference in their usage sometimes. For Example, we generally do not say that “He was trembling in cold” we use ‘Shivering’ in such a sentence. But we usually use the expression “The leaves tremble (and not ‘shiver’) in the breeze.

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Arrange the events according to their occurrence in the passage :
(i) Peter did not knock because he did not want anybody to hear.
(ii) Peter could see Mrs. Adis lend over the fire, taking some pot or kettle off it.
(iii) Peter wanted to stay in Mrs. Adis’s house for sometime.
(iv) Mrs. Adis kept the kettle at the side of the fire as it boiled over.
Answer:
(ii) Peter could see Mrs. Adis lend over the fire, taking some pot or kettle off it.
(i) Peter did not knock because he did not want anybody to hear.
(iv) Mrs. Adis kept the kettle at the side of the fire as it boiled over.
(iii) Peter wanted to stay in Mrs. Adis’s house for sometime.

Question 2.
Complete the table.
Answer:

Characters	Characteristics
1. Peter	(a) Extremely Fearful (b) Grateful to Mrs. Adis
2. Mrs. Adis	(a) Matter-of-Fact (b) Helpful

Question 3.
Whatever Mrs. Adis’s justifications in favour of Peter?
Answer:
Mrs. Adis wanted to justify to the keepers that even if Peter had killed Tom, he must have done it unknowingly as they were good friends. But she did not want to face the killer of her son and wanted him to leave silently.

Complex Factual

Question 1.
How did Peter Crouch confess to Mrs. Adis.
Answer:
Peter Crouch accepted to Mrs. Adis that he had shot a man and did not know whether that man was dead. He confessed that he had not knocked at Mrs. Adis’s door as he did not want anybody to know that he was there. The keepers were chasing him.

Question 2.
Why didn’t the man speak for a moment?
Answer:
The man was surprised that Mrs. Adis was helping him so much in spite of knowing very well that he was hiding from the keepers. She figured out the route for him to escape so that, the keepers could not see him. She even paid him the train fare to go to London as he did not have any money. He was speechless for a moment since he was trying to guess the reason for her kindness towards him.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
“I didn’t want anybody to hear”
This sentence implied –
Answer:
1. Peter entered Mrs. Adis’s house without knocking because he did not want anybody to hear the knock and find out his whereabouts.
2. Peter was running away from the keepers as he had shot a man. He wanted to take shelter at Mrs, Adis’s place for sometime and would escape at a convenient time.

Question 2.
Point out two instances when the man felt that Mrs. Adis was an intelligent lady.
Answer:
1. Mrs. Adis told the man to leave her house immediately after the keepers had crossed the house and she also instructed him to take the opposite direction so that the keepers would not be able to see him.
2. Mrs. Adis wanted the man to leave her house before Tom came back as she was expecting Tom to bring one of his friends. She wanted to arrow a situation when tom might suspect something wrong after seeing that man at her place.

Question 3.
Explain why Peter went out silently without talking to Mrs. Adis.
Answer:
Peter knew that he had committed a glare crime of killing his friend Tom, he might have done it unknowingly but he could feel the loss of Mrs. Adis. Tom was her only son and Peter, being his friend, knew about their attachment. He was repentant and could understand that he had no word to console Mrs. Adis who, in spite of losing her son, saved him. So he went out silently without disturbing Mrs. Adis.

Personal Response

Question 1.
What characteristics of Mrs. Adis, form the passage, do you admire the most? Justify your answer.
Answer:
I appreciate the calmness of Mrs. Adis the most in a difficult situation when a criminal was standing in front of her, she did not lose her cool and maintained her patience. She was obviously disturbed by Peter’s presence lent did not take any hasty decision.

Question 2.
Explain whether you support Mrs. Adis of saving a criminal from the keepers.
Answer:
Yes, I support Mrs. Adis because she has saved the man from the keeper just for the sake of her love towards her son Tom. She has also felt that the man has not committed a grave crime and can be given a chance to save himself. I respect a mother’s love and sentiment for her child’s friend.

Question 3.
What according to you, Mrs. Adis should have ideally done? Explain your answer.
Answer:
I think Mrs. Adis had taken the right decision of allowing Peter to go. She, being the mother of Tom who had been shot dead by Peter, could have ideally handled over the culprit in the hands of the keepers. But that would not have brought back Tom to her. So, she decided to give Peter a chance to reform as Tom probably would have done and she wanted to respect her son’s sentiment at that moment.

Language Study:

Question (i)
He changed his mind and went to the door. (Remove ‘and’)
Answer:
Changing his mind he went to the door.

Question (ii)
He could see Mrs. Adis stooping over the fire. (Replace the modal auxiliary with ‘be able to)
Answer:
He was able to see Mrs. Adis stooping over the fire.

Question (iii)
That was the keepers. (Use past perfect tense and rewrite)
Answer:
That had been the keepers.

Question (iv)
He was roused by the sound of footsteps on the road. (Begin with ‘The sound…’ and rewrite)
Answer:
The sound of footsteps on the road roused him.

Question (v)
The only thing he could possibly do.
Answer:
He could not possibly do anything else, (or) Nothing else he could possibly do. (Make negative)

Question (vi)
She did not come in.
Answer:
She had not come in. (Use past perfect tense)

Vocabulary

Question 1.
Give adjective forms of the following :

silence
quarrel
trouble
moment

Answer:

silent
quarrelsome
troublesome
momentary

Question 2.
Give the meaning of the word ‘Fare’ as a noun and as a verb. Make two sentences of your own to show the word having two different meanings.
1. Fare (Noun): Price
We cannot afford the air fare to go abroad.
2. Fare (Verb) : Progress
Sushant fared well in Mathematics.

Question 3.
Give antonyms

better
heavy
dead
glad

Answer:

worse
light
alive
sad/depressed

Glossary:

gleam – shine brightly
twilight – soft glowing light from the sky
distinct – clear
knell – sound of a bell especially for death or funeral
sourly – in an unfriendly way
sobbing – crying
tremble and shiver – tremble in fear/shiver in cold
leaden – heavy / weighty
thudding – pounding / dull sound
have a row (Phr) – to fight with someone
sparing – refraining from harming
despair – hopelessness
bolted – locked
reckon – believe
wrung – held something tightly
doze – sleep tightly
roused – awakened
on the threshold (Phr) – at the beginning of something / very close to something
Sussex – a county in the south of England
tongue of land – a long stretch of land branching out from the mainroad
hammer-woods – wood (forest)- described as ‘hammer’ because in the past, iron used to be made using timber and water
hammerponds – ponds
pricks of fire – stars
Delmonden – name of a village close at hand: very near
cinder Wood – name of wood
beseechingly – appealingly
huddled down – shrink oneself
Cansiron – name of a town where there is a railway station
unwilling shrug – to reluctantly raise shoulders slightly
momentary – for a brief period of time
dulling – not interesting or exciting
Scotney Castle – (a fort) name of a castle
refuge – shelter
tongue tied – speechlessmade off ran away
sacked – dismissed

11th Std English Questions And Answers

Pillars of Democracy 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.4 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.4 Pillars of Democracy Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.4 Pillars of Democracy Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.4 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

1. Discuss with your partner and choose the correct alternative.

Question (i)
‘Government of the people, by the people and for the people, shall not perish from the earth’. This famous statement is made by –
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Abraham Lincoln
(d) Dalai Lama
Answer:
Abraham Lincoln

Question (ii)
A system where the government is elected and ruled by people is called —
(a) Bureaucracy
(b) Aristocracy
(c) Democracy
(d) Autocracy
Answer:
Democracy

Question (iii)
A democratic country is governed by, its –
(a) Military
(b) Police
(c) Politicians
(d) Constitution
Answer:
Constitution

Question (i)
The trinity of democracy comprises of three principles. Complete the web to show the trinity of democracy.

Answer:

Question (ii)
Match the following.

A	B
1. Constitution	(a) It is the freedom to go where you want, do what you want etc.
2. Liberty	(b) It is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights or opportunities.
3. Equality	(c) It is the sense of common brotherhood.
4. Fraternity	(d) It is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.

Answer:

A	B
1. Constitution	(d) It is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
2. Liberty	(a) It is the freedom to go where you want, do what you want etc.
3. Equality	(b) It is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights or opportunities.
4. Fraternity	(c) It is the sense of common brotherhood.

Question (iii)
Explain the pillars of a democratic nation. Make list of obstacles that are a threat to the progress of a nation.
Answer:
The pillars of a democratic nation are:
1. Legislative: In a democratic nation, the people of the country elect their representatives that govern a state or a country.
2. Executives: Executives, as the name suggests, are in-charge of putting the laws made by the legislatives in effect.
3. Judiciary: The job of the judiciary is to keep a check on the laws made by the legislative and their execution or fulfillment by the executives without disturbing the fundamental rights of the citizens of the country.
4. Press: All types of media have a responsibility of reaching to the people all over the country, the works of the legislatives and the executive and their basic duty is to be unbiased.

Major obstacles that are threats to the progress of a nation are:

Caste and religion-based politics.
Disrespect for the constitution values.
Absence of universal education which makes people unaware of their basic rights and duties.
Huge gap between haves and have-nots- lack of qualitative resources to the poor.
Constant threat of the attack of enemy countries.

(A1)

Question (i)
State weather the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statement.

There is nothing wrong in being grateful to great men.
Hero-worship leads to dictatorship.
Liberty cannot be divorced from equality.
One man one vote and one vote one value.
Fraternity means common sense.

Answer:

True
True
True
True
False.

Fraternity means a sense of common brotherhood The correct statement is – Fraternity means a sense of common brotherhood.

Question (ii)
Complete the web with information from the speech of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.

Answer:

(A2)

Question (i)
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has cited the quotes by John Stuart Mill and Daniel O’Connell. Write down 4 to 5 lines for each of them.
Answer:
(i) John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher and economist who was considered to be the most powerful British thinker of the 19th Century. Mill’s philosophy concentrates on establishing standards for the relationship between authority and liberty. It also advocates freedom of speech, freedom to pursue taste as long as they do not harm others and the freedom to unite without being forced and harming anybody. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar agreed with Stuart Mill’s views on social liberty where people should have the right to have a say in the governments decision.

(ii) Daniel O’Connell who was often referred to as ‘The Liberator’ was an Irish political leader in the first half of the 19th Century. His philosophy has inspired leaders all over the world including Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King. He advocated mass political participation and was very much against idealizing somebody at the cost of ones own honour, chastity or liberty. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar felt that this Principle of Refraining from hero-worship propagated by Daniel O’Connell is badly needed in India and he agreed with Daniel who felt such kind of loyalty was actually slavery.

Question (ii)
Make a list of steps that you feel are essential to unite the people of different caste, religions and languages in India.
Answer:
India is a progressive nation but the directions of dividing India according to caste, religions and languages have still kept her handicapped. The possible remedies, I feel, to cure India from these diseases to make her stable and secure may be:
(i) Education for all irrespective of not only caste, creed, religion but also of gender.
(ii) Creation of job opportunities according to one’s abilities.
(iii) Provision for reservation to depend on the financial condition rather than caste or religion.
(iv) Creation of public welfare policies according to the need of the people of all communities and thus maintaining uniformity as well as equality in all matters.

(iii) Write your views/opinion in brief on the following topics.

Question (a)
We must always cast our vote.
Answer:
Voting is one of the fundamental duties of the citizen of a country. We have no right to criticize the works of the government if we abstain from voting which gives us a chance to choose suitable representative to govern the country. Our constitution has given the common man an important power and responsibility to select the right persons to take the country forward on the right path. We are supposed to discharge this duty judiciously.

Question (b)
Liberty, equality and fraternity lead to an ideal nation.
Answer:
The terms ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity’ were the mottos of French revolution. Liberty represents freedom and Indian constitution has specified various kinds of freedom for Indian citizens. Euqality stands for having equal law for all irrespective of caste, creed, gender or religion. Fraternity is associated with brotherhood among all communities of people sharing common interest and purpose. An ideal nation is recognized by the maintenance of an atmosphere of peace in all spheres of life. If the principles of liberty, equality and fraternity are followed responsibly by the people of the country as well as the leaders governing them, the prosperity of the nation is assured.

Question (c)
Steps to be taken to eradicate inequality.
Answer:
Inequality is a curse that can lead any nation to its doom. Inequality creates dissatisfaction and unrest among people who feel deprived. Some possible steps to eradicate inequality can be:
(a) Remove poverty by reducing unequal distribution of resources and equal access to the opportunities as far as possible.

(b) Advocate gender equality by preventing female foeticide and making provision for girls’ education and preventing early marriage.

(c) Investing in employment-oriented education for all, creating employment readiness among youth and institutions for skill development need to be encouraged.

(d) Ensuring that all groups and communities can express their voice without fear. But the groups and communities also need to be responsible to avoid loss of lives, damage of public properties while expressing their grievances.

(e) Strictly eliminate caste discrimination which is still pervasive and is causing a serious threat to the progress of the country. To make the above steps successful is the joint responsibility of the government and the people of the country.

Question (d)
Role of youth in creating awareness.
Answer:
Youths are the backbones of the society and that gives them the responsibility to act as catalysts for creating social awareness. Empowerment of the youth is one of the ways to fulfill the policies of good governance.

The social welfare units in the schools and colleges, NCC, NSS, etc., should be made more active and need to be made a part and parcel of the curriculum so that a large number of young minds are materialized to eradicate social evils like illiteracy, insanitation, superstitions, corruption. They can organize various cultural programmes like street plays, musical programmes with social messages, posters as well as powerpoint presentations.

They can set examples by fighting against various kinds of pollution with steps like quitting smoking, propagating against loud music, cleanliness, saving water. “Charity begins at home” thus, they need to bring about the change in their own habits and behaviour to create social awareness.

(A3)

Question (i)
Complete the following table.
Answer:

Word	Type	Synonym	Antonym
observe	Verb	notice, discern, detect, mark	ignore, overlook
abandoned	Adjective	deserted, dumped, forsaken, dropped	adopted, defended, supported
grateful	Adjective	appreciative, thankful	ungrateful, thankless, inappreciative
initiative	Noun	action, drive, enterprise	apathy, idleness, laziness, in difference
peril	Noun Verb	danger, risk, hazard, threat endanger, risk	protection, certainty, safety protect, save
separation	Noun	division, break-up, split, parting	Connection, association, union

2. Homograph: Homograph is a word spelt and pronounced like another word but with a different meaning.

(A4)

(i) Frame Wh-question to get the underlined parts of the following sentences as answers.

Question (a)
In politics we will be recognizing the principle of ‘one man one vote’ and ‘one vote one value’.
Answer:
Which principles will we be recognizing in politics?

Question (b)
The politically minded Indians preferred the expression ‘the Indian Nation’.
Answer:
Which expression did the politically-minded Indians prefer?

Question (c)
Fraternity means a sense of common brotherhood of all Indians.
Answer:
What does fraternity mean?

(A5)

Write speeches on the following topics.

Question 1.
Duties of an Ideal Citizen.
Answer:
Respected chief guest Dr. Ashok Pillai, our Principal Dr. Pradeep Sanghvi, teachers and my dear friends,

Good Evening ! I am Mayank Gala, a member of the NSS unit of our college. It is indeed a matter of pride for me to share my views on the topic ‘Duties of an Ideal Citizen.’ in front of an august gathering. ‘Duties of an ideal citizen’ according to me, has become a necessity for everyone to be aware of in the present situation of our country.

The first question that comes to my mind at this moment is “Who is an ideal citizen?” Is it a person who is honest, knows his responsibilities and values, respects others needs, is conscious of taking care of the environment and thus contributing to the society in general making it a better place to stay? , Yes, an ideal citizen ideally should have all these qualities.

I personally feel that an ideal citizen should not consider his duties as obligations and fulfill them on his own urge. If all of us make a sincere effort to carry on with our jobs, the society is bound to prosper. Since we all are members of the society, to make it exemplary is our duty. We need to remember this at every step we take in our lives and things will fall into their own places.

Here, I can give some examples which all of us can do easily. I know that there are big words like trustworthiness, honesty, courtesy, respecting the rights of others as well as laws, and these are the personal traits of an ideal citizen. But I want to give you a simple list of things which all of us can follow easily.

My list begins with a simple task of not littering the environment, followed by, conserving water, encouraging greenery in our housing societies, wearing helmets and also encouraging our pillons to wear one, maintaining dignity of all the communities and last but not the least, paying taxes on time.

Of course, the list will be longer than this. But “well begun is half done”. And the most important things, I remind all of us again that the “charity begins at home” So, let’s start!

I thank the organizers to give me an opportunity to talk to all of you. I am also grateful to each and every person in the audience for their patient hearing. I am convinced that we can fullfill our dreams of having an ideal society.

Thank you !

Question 2.
Merits of Democracy
Answer:
Respected judges and my dear friends,
I am Sandeep Agarwal wishing all of you a very good afternoon.

Today, I am going to talk on ‘Merits of Democracy’ I am sure, we all remember the definition Abraham Lincoln gave of democracy that it is “Government of the people, for the people and by the people”. In short, I can say that democracy is rule of the people.

So, what can be the merits of the rule of the people? The first merit that immediately comes to my mind is that recognizes the strength of people’s will which is expressed through their elected representatives sitting in the Parliament.

A true democracy limits the power of these representatives and they have to strictly follow the constitution which again cannot be altered or amended except through right procedural process. This is, I feel, the merit of democracy, where every effort is made to prevent the accumulation of power in the hands of any particular individual.

This leads us to the fact that the foremost demand of democracy is free and fair election. Every voter not only has access to the voting machine but secrecy of his vote has to be strictly maintained. Liberty, equality, fraternity are the three pillars of a good democracy and in a proper democratic situation it must be followed religiously.

Unless these principles are sincerely maintained, how will people who are an integral part of democracy, get assurance of safety, security as well as courage to express their views/ problems freely? Here comes the win of democracy over dictatorship where people do not have freedom of speech.

The role of unbiased press and then freedom of expression are urgent necessities so that they can reach a large number of people’s opinion to the government to judge the pros and cons of their decisions. The Parliament proceedings should be open to the public so that they can see how their elected representatives are behaving. In a true democracy, the people have the power of rejecting their representatives and that is their best safeguard.

But, I am sure you will all agree with me that no electoral system can be fool-proof and perfect democracy can be found in the utopia of poets and dreamers. We have to be satisfied with the nearest maintenance of the sanctity of democracy. Democracy is an evolutionary process. So, it is not wrong on our part to expect the scope for modification and change in the light of experience.

In conclusion, I request all of you to keep your hopes and expectations alive not only to have a true democracy in our country but to maintain its merits also. I thank our Cultural Forum team for giving me the opportunity to speak in front of an august audience. Thank you for your patient hearing !

Question 3.
Advantages of Education
Answer:
Respected judges and my dear friends,

Good afternoon! I am Deepak Shah and my topic for today’s elocution competition is ‘Advantages of Education’.

As I was thinking about the topic, two immediate questions that came to mind are, “How and when does education begin? Does it start when a child goes to school or learn alphabet? Looking around, I get a strong ’NO’ as answer. I believe, education begins with the Mother’s encouraging work, father’s words of praise and approval, sibling’s sympathy, help and sometimes fights even, with the gathering of flowers from the garden, with the chirping of the birds and last but not the least in the company of friends. Thus, the child learns to feel, observe, receive and remember as his mind opens out.

The ultimate aim of education, I know, everyone will agree, is to develop all the faculties of a person- physical, mental or moral. Education needs to help a person to be true to his own self as Shakespeare said, “To thy own self, be true.” Book-bound education limits a person. Rabindranath Tagore showed us the way at Shantiniketan how education would make a complete personality.

The true objective of education is to train the mind , to build confidence, to judge the good and bad of the things. I feel, the least advantage of education is to create the right temperament needed at the right time. I must include here the need for physical education since “A sound mind can only exist in a sound body” The harmony among mental, physical and moral learning can only supply the proper benefits of education.

To talk about the advantages of education, standing in front of so many educators, is not a small task. This has been possible because of my teachers who have been facilitators of giving me confidence to go ahead with my aspirations. This has been the advantage of my education, I believe and I salute my teachers for that.

I thank the judges, the Cultural forum team once again and all my dear friends and teachers sitting in the audience for their patient hearing which gave me the courage to present my views.

Question 4.
Equality : A Blessing
Answer:
Respected dignitaries on the dais, our honourable guests, my teachers and my dear friends,

Good afternoon to you all ! I am Deepali Doshi who is fortunate to be selected as one of the speakers to represent our college for the seminar organized by our college on the topic ‘Equality : A Blessing’.

‘Equality : A Blessing’ – one of the topics which is very close to my heart. From my childhood, I have enjoyed the situation of ‘no discrimination’ at home by my parents. I always thought of this as a natural things to happen.

I grew up and faced the big world. I started understanding the value and necessity of equal opportunity in the society. How a person uses that opportunity depends on his/her capabilities and the situations he/she faces in life. Ideally, equality means that all citizens are equal before the law, allowed to exercise the franchise, are entitled to fulfill equal rights and duties prescribed in the constitution. That leads to a levelling process which is definitely a blessing.

I must admit here, equality needs to be maintained at various levels like having social equality, political equality, economic equality and of course equality of opportunity and education. Social equality is an urgency for peaceful co-existence as it refers to the absence of discrimination of caste, creed, colour, clans, groups and classes.

Who can deny the benefits of this? Political equality gives access to all citizens similar political rights. We the people of India have the benefits of Universal Adult Franchise which gives us the right to elect our representatives to run the government the way we deserve it.

Economic equality is a dream-like situation where each citizen is provided equal opportunity to make economic progress. Practically, that seems difficult but a responsible government definitely makes an attempt to fulfill it to a large extent. Equal right to education is the birthright of every citizen. I know, everybody in this hall will say in unison with me, ‘Education is the great equalizer… opening doors of opportunity for all.’

I have tried to talk about various equalities and the ideal situations to provide them. But the toughest job is to make equality, a blessing in real life, though each one of us wishes for it. To make it a reality is the joint responsibility of the government and we, the people.

I enjoyed talking to such an alert and responsible audience. Thank you for all your patient hearing.

Question 5.
Freedom of Speech
Answer:
Respected judges, my teachers and my dear friends,

Good Evening ! I am Pooja Banerji. I am going to talk on ‘Freedom of Speech’.
‘Freedom of speech’ is an oft-quoted expression these days. Everyday wants to enjoy this freedom but in the process, knowingly or may be unknowingly, disturbs the peace in the society.

If freedom of speech is so powerful that it is capable of disturbing the peace in an otherwise stable society, then let me find out the answers to the questions like, “What is freedom of speech and what is the ideal situation to use this freedom?” I am sure, we all are bothered by these questions often because many times, some utterances in the name of freedom of speech, spread like wild fire, making the situations go out of hand.

We know that the constitution of India provides this fundamental right to the general public as well as the media to express their ideas and opinions freely. Like India, this right is provided by some other countries also but with some limitations.

But can’t freedom of speech be used positively? Constructive criticism is always welcome and is also needed to keep a person or the government under check since all activities are closely monitored.

With freedom comes responsibility. This license should not be misused to excite others and invite unwanted problems. When we get to enjoy the rights we need to respect it so that it does not spoil the peace and harmony of the society. These days, a common practice of spreading half-truths has become rampant just to create sensation. This, in the name of freedom of speech, causes serious harm and self-discipline, according to me, is the only remedy.

All good things have their positives and negatives and one should know how the use of them should not become liabilities. I want to conclude with a request to everyone that basic humanity should not be forgotten in the pretext of using the fundamental rights of freedom of speech. I join Tracy Morgan to tell all of you, “We have freedom of speech but you got to watch what you say”.

Thank you all for allowing my freedom of speech and giving it a patient hearing.

Question 6.
Unity in Diversity
Answer:
Respected judges, my teachers and my dear friends,

Good Morning ! I am Gauri Arora and I am fortunate that I have been assigned the job of talking on a topic, ‘Unity in Diversity’.

For the inter-collegiate elocution competition organized by our college. Here I am standing on the podium of a hall which is self-explanatory of ‘Unity in Diversity’. We can see very clearly that people of different religious beliefs, may be caste and creeds, languages, cultures , dresses, and diverse lifestyles as well as eating habits are harmoniously sitting under one roof.

‘Unity in Diversity’ is an expression which is frequently referred to when one talks of India. We, the Indians, are children of one mother, Mother India and that unites us on the principle of brotherhood. I am sure, my friends sitting over there, have ever bothered about caste, religion, social status of the person sitting next to them. That is, in other words, we can call national integration, in the true sense of the term.

India has won its freedom from the British rule of 200 years and the freedom fighters never bothered about their diversities. They all had one mantra in life and that was to free Mother India from the shackles of British rule.

We carry on that tradition after so many years of our independence. India is the land of festivals irrespective of culture, language, rituals, faiths, we are lost in the celebration forgetting completely the existence of our own origin.

One may ask, “How is it possible in the midst of so many diversities?” My answer to such questions will be “Its possible because we respect our togetherness. How can we forget the benefits of safeguarding this unity? It protects our heritage and in the process attracts tourism. The foreigners feel amased with the existence of so many traditions, cuisines, clothings, languages and of course the diverse gifts of Mother Nature.

I feel, the biggest benefit of ‘Unity in Diversity’ is the protection of human rights of all. This gives the citizens confidence of having safety at workplace and automatically encourages healthy teamwork that ultimately leads to progress.

Every coin has two sides, so has the principle of unity. It is an utopian idea to think that there is no social tension because of these diversities. But they can be tactfully handled by the authorities for getting global recognition and most importantly safety and security of our nation.

We all know the age-old saying, ‘United we stand, Divided we fall’ Today, my dear young friends, I am quoting J.K. Rowling, the creator of Harry Potter, “ we are only as strong as we are united, as weak as we are divided” I am sure you all believe her and take it as a maxim to protect the principle of ‘Unity and Diversity’ which is so unique for our country. I want to express my gratitude to Cultural Forum for selecting me to talk on a topic so close to my heart.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.4 Pillars of Democracy Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Discuss hero-worship by citing some examples.
Answer:
Hero-worship is to have exclusive admiration for someone which may lead to bias. The admirer refuses to believe that the hero might have any imperfection. The hero is idolized. It happens with film stars, sportsmen, politicians and sometimes with religious gurus.

Question 2.
‘Fraternity leads to social stability’ – Explain the statement.
Answer:
Fraternity is a common bond or feeling of unity among people. It automatically gives rise to the concept of togetherness of all cast, creed and religion. For a society to be stable, these are the basic necessities. In a vast country like India, it is definitely a tough job to maintain such feelings, but it has to be observed for the progress of the country. India, being a country of diverse communities, social stability is an essential ingredient for keeping the country safe and secure.

Question 3.
Find some words starting with ‘Anti’ like ‘Anti-social’
Answer:

Anti-climax
Anti-pathy
Anti-thesis
Anti-dote
Anti-virus
Anti-hero

Comprehension

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Supply information from the passage.
Answer:
1. When there was no way left for constitutional methods for achieving economic and social objectives, there was a great deal of justification for unconstitutional methods.
2. There is nothing wrong in being grateful to great men who have rendered lifelong services to the
country.

Question 2.
Choose the correct statements which are the themes of the passage.
(i) This passage talks about the dangers of inequality.
(ii) This passage talks about the importance of equality and fraternity.
(iii) In this passage Dr. Ambedkar supported Bhakti in politics.
(iv) Dr. Ambedkar is pained to see the denial of ‘One Man One Value’.
Answer:
(ii) This passage talks about the importance of equality and fraternity.
(iv) Dr. Ambedkar is pained to see the denial of ‘One Man One Value’.

State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statement.

Question (i)
The people of America did not think that they were a nation.
Answer:
True

Question (ii)
The laity accepted the word ‘nation’ wholeheartedly.
Answer:
False – So many objections were raised by the laity to the word ‘nation’.

Question (iii)
Politically-minded Indian were in favour of the expression ‘the people of India’.
Answer:
False – Politically-minded Indians resented the expression ‘the people of India’.

Question (iv)
According to Dr. Ambedkar, it is necessary to realize the importance of becoming a nation.
Answer:
True

Complex Factual

Question 1.
What are the two things necessary to maintain democracy?
Answer:
The first thing that is needed to maintaihn democracy is to follow constitutional methods of achieving our social and economic objectives. The second thing which is of utmost importance to safeguard our democracy is not to lay our liberties even at the feet of a great man blindly.

Question 2.
What are the contradictions Dr. Ambedkar was worried about ?
Answer:
Dr. Ambedkar was worried about the contradictions of equality and fraternity. He was concerned about equality in politics but the possible inequality in our social and economic life. For him, fraternity might be a good concept but it was difficult to achieve.

Question 3.
What according to Dr. Ambedkar, was the problem of India becoming a ‘nation’? What was his suggestion to overcome the problem?
Answer:
According to Dr. Ambedkar, a nation divided into several thousands of castes, was one of the biggest problems of India becoming a nation. His suggestion was the realization of this fact as early as possible and think of ways and means to realize that goal.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
Mention the threats of hero-worship in Indian politics.
Answer:
Hero-worship plays a huge negative role in Indian politics. By excessive admiration for a person, the people of India tend to sacrifice their liberties at the feet of the person whom they admire. This can lead to misuse of power by exercising unconstitutional methods and encroaching upon people’s freedom.

Question 2.
Dr. Ambedkar was worried about inequality because –
(i) It will lead democracy to danger.
(ii) Long-standing inequality may be the cause of rebellion among the people.
OR
Explain.
‘Fraternity is a different thing to achieve’.
Answer:
India is a vast country with diverse cultures. Expecting brotherhood among all is not easy since there might be differences of opinions. But for the greater interest of the well-being of Mother India, this unity is desirable. Dr. Ambedkar also felt that was the right path to travel.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Give an example of hero worship that you have come across in Indian politics.
Answer:
Electing the popular actors and actresses with landslide majority is a common hero-worship observed in most parts of India. The actors enjoy certain level of admiration which helps them win key portfolios enabling them to subvert key institution.

Question 2.
Explain your views on hero-worship.
Answer:
I am not against hero-worship. In life, one can have an idol/hero whom one tries to follow to reach one’s goal but too much of anything is bad and I am against excessive hero-worship which leads to biased idolizing.

Question 3.
Do you think India as a democracy is a successful nation. Explain.
Answer:
India as a democratic nation is indeed successful though there are certain elements which come in the way obstructing the smooth functioning of the government. Such elements are regionalism, casteism and fanaticism.

Language Study:

Question (i)
We must hold fast to constitutional methods. (Rewrite using a modal auxiliary showing ‘necessity )
Answer:
We need to hold fast to constitutional methods.

Question (ii)
There is nothing wrong in being grateful to great men. (Use infinitive)
Answer:
There is nothing wrong to be grateful to great men.

Question (i)
On the 26th January 1950, we are going to enter into a life of contradictions.
(Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined part of the sentence as answer.)
Answer:
What are we going to enter into on the 26th January, 1950?

Question (ii)
In politics, we will have equality. (Pick up the preposition and say its purpose)
Answer:
In-Inside something

Question (iii)
We are cherishing a great delusion. (Begin the sentence with ‘A great delusion…’and rewrite)
Answer:
A great delusion is being cherished by us.

Question (iv)
We shall realize the necessity of becoming a nation. (Use ‘that’ and rewrite as a complex sentence) Answer:
We shall realize that it is necessary to become a nation.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their synonyms in column ‘B’.

Words (A)	Synonyms (B)
1. Anarchy	(a) Contribute
2. Render	(b) Purity
3. Chastity	(c) Disorder
4. Hero worship	(d) Excessive admiration

Answer:

Words (A)	Synonyms (B)
Anarchy	(c) Disorder
Render	(a) Contribute
Chastity	(b) Purity
Hero worship	(d) Excessive admiration

Question 2.
Make a list of meanings of all the homographs that are found in the text
Answer:

(ii) Example of Homograph
match, might, letter, fly, fine, leaves, left, right, ring, spring, state, well.

Question 3.
Give synonyms of the following.

Contradiction
Solidarity
Salvation
Degradation

Answer:

Situation in opposition
harmony to one another
liberation
deterioration

Question 4.
Find out the word from the passage which means –
1. rites prescribed for public worship
2. unity or agreement of feeling
Answer:
1. liturgy
2. solidarity

Grammar:

Frame Wh-question to get the underlined parts of the following sentences as answers.

Question 1.
Make sentences of your own with the following prepositions.
Answer:
(i) in, into, inside
I live in Mumbai / the flowers will bloom in spring.
The frog jumped into the well.
The jacket was inside the cupboard.

(ii) on, onto, above, over
The duster was on the teacher’s desk.
The child scattered all his toys onto the floor.
We were driving over the expressway.
My friend lives just above my apartment.

(iii) beside, besides
Ramu sits beside his best friend in the classroom.
Besides being learned, the gentleman is a good human being.

(iv) for, from, since
My grandparents will stay only for three hours.
My grandparents have been waiting since morning.
My grandparents have been waiting from 10 o’ clock.

(v) to, towards
I was going to school. (Definite destination)
I was going towards school. (May be somewhere near the school)

(vi) down, below, under, beneath, underneath,
The mountaineers came down safely.
The temperature never went below 40°C.
The scenes under the sea were very well filmed.
My mother kept my football kit safely beneath the cot. (Usually used in formal language)
You can search your slippers underneath the sofa. (Casually used)

(vii) between, among, amongst
She was sitting between two of us.
I distributed the chocolates among all my friends, (more commonly used)
My sister was the topper amongst the girls, (less common than ‘among’)

Glossary:

abandoned – left
salvation – saving from sin (Christian belief)
eventual – ultimate
contradiction – situation / ideas in opposition
solidarity – like-mindedness / harmony to one another
eminent – distinguished / renowned
divine – a cleric / clergyman
on the spur of the movement (phr) – without thinking and planning
resented – disliked/be displeased
antipathy – hostility / opposition
Grammar of Anarchy – a state of disorder due to the absence of non-recognition of controlling system
rendered – contributed, made available
chastity – purity, modesty
hero-worship – excessive admiration for somebody
degradation – cause something to become worse in quality
peril – danger, risk
triennial – the 300th anniversary
liturgy – rites prescribed for public worship
laity – members of a religious community
delusion – a mistaken idea or opinion
anti-national – the prefix ‘anti’ in anti-national expresses opposition to something.

11th Std English Questions And Answers

The Call of the Soil 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.3 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.3 The Call of the Soil Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.3 The Call of the Soil Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.3 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences.
Answer:

Before eating apples brought from the market, I wash and peel them off to stay away from any sort of contamination as far as possible.
In a farmer’s market, we find rice, pulses, vegetables, fruits, dairy items, eggs, etc.
Food adulteration means an addition of another substance to a food which may result in the loss of actual quality of food and its natural composition.
Organic food is grown by using fertilizers made with natural ingredients, renewable resources and conservation of soil and water.
Organic fertilizer means a type of fertilizer derived from animal matter, human and animal excreta (manure) and vegetable matter, that is, compost and crop residues.

Question 2.
Complete the following web diagram.

Answer:

Question 3.
Find out from your grandparents or parents the names of vegetables and fruits they had eaten in their childhood and mention how the vegetables and fruits are different from the ones today.
Answer:

Name of the vegetable or fruit	Shape	Colour	Taste
Mango	Oblong	Yellow / Green	earlier (a) naturally ripened	now (i) artificially ripened
Cauliflower	Round	White with green leaves	(b) mostly available in winter and was very tasty	(ii) we get it throughout the year, but the taste is definitely worse than those available in winter
Apple	Round	Red / Green	(c) used to grow in natural environment and was safely given to sick people	(iii) One pays more to buy the organic varieties which are supposed to be pesticides-free and so good for health

Question 4.
Discuss the difference between conventional farming and organic farming.
Answer:

Conventional Farming	Organic Farming
(a) Relies on chemical intervention	(i) Depends on natural principles
(b) Farmers use synthetic and genetically modified organisms to kill pests and maximize output	(ii) No artificial ingredient or preservative is used and they are minimally processed to maintain the integrity of food
(c) Harms health and environment	(iii) Claimed to be healthier farm system

(A1)

(i) Read the extract and state whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.

Question (a)
Growing in abundance is more important than the quality of the crop.
Answer:
False. The quality of the crop is more important than growing in abundance a lesser variety of crop.

Question (b)
The author wanted to grow the desi variety of rice.
Answer:
True

Question (c)
The author did not succeed in finding Kasbai.
Answer:
False. The author was successful in finding Kasbai from an Adivasi woman at Boripada, a remote village.

Question (d)
The aroma of the ‘desi’ rice would spread around the village.
Answer:
True

Question (e)
Newer hybrid crops have a great appetite for chemicals.
Answer:
True

Question (f)
The author is an example of‘reverse migration’.
Answer:
True (‘Reverse Migration’ is a new trend of shifting from bigger cities to nearby smaller towns or suburbs)

Question (ii)
Complete the flow chart.

Answer:

Question (iii)
Read the text and All in the blanks.
Answer:
(a) The author wanted to grow organic moong.
(b) Moru Dada wanted to spray pesticides on the moong crop.
(c) Baban’s father and some elders mentioned the name of Kasbai.
(d) “Hybrids need more water, fertilizers and pesticides”, said Devu Handa.
(e) The author bought ten kilos of rice from an Adivasi woman who lived in the remote hills.

(A2)

Question (i)
List the reactions of the agricultural officer to the author’s inquiry about Kasbai rice seeds.
Answer:
(a) He had not heard of Kasbai.
(b) He felt that the villagers were fooling the author.
(c) He mentioned the names of the latest hybrids and also offered to give him some, free of cost.

Question (ii)
Note down Devu Handa’s fond memories of Kasbai.
Answer:
Devu Handa’s fond memories of Kasbai are as follows:

0It needs no protection from rain
It has an alluring aroma
It has no hunger for chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides

(A3)

Question (i)
The writer says he grew “an awful lot of moong”. Explain the word ‘awful’ in this sentence.
Answer:
“An awful lot” is an Idiom meaning ‘a very large amount’. Everyone known to the writer did not expect a good yield of moong since he refused to spray any chemical on the plants. In spite of that, Nature did her job and the writer could get three hundred kilograms of moong which was not only ‘awful’, that means ‘large number’ but also a confidence-builder for a first-timer.

Question (ii)
The word scent is different from its synonyms aroma, fragrance or perfume. Explain how the word ‘scent’ in the subtitle ‘A Scent of Rice’, has a deeper meaning than ‘perfume’ or ‘fragrance’. Pick phrases having a similar meaning from the following:
Answer:
(i) The word ‘Scent’ in the subtitle ‘Scent of Rice’ has a deeper meaning than its usual meaning of‘fragrance’ or ‘perfume’ in the context of the text and for the author because he was trying to revive the tradition of Kasbai rice which everyone agreed had an alluring aroma. The modern farmers are forgetting conventions and have fallen a prey to hybrids. The natural ‘scent’, that is ‘flavour’ of Kasbai had drawn the writer towards real India, unspoilt by progress. The ‘scent’ was largely responsible for his quest.

(ii) Phrases
(a) In pursuit of : a quest in order to achieve something
(b) To smell a rat: to believe something wrong is happening
(c) To be keen : interested in some activity one often does and enjoys
(d) On the trail of: Trying to find someone or something by getting information about it
(e) To feel under the water : feel emotionally overwhelmed The phrases having a similar meaning of ‘A Scent of Rice’ are:
(i) In pursuit of
(ii) On the trail of

(A4)

Question 1.
She muttered in reply and we looked at Jeevan for a quick interpretation.

(A5)

Question (i)
Give reason why the text is against ‘Planting and growing more crop a year seems to be progress by normal standards.’
Answer:
Definitely planting and growing more crops a year need to be the target of the farmers but that should not be done at the cost of health hazards due to spraying of chemicals on the plants, using hybrid seeds and most importantly, forgetting our own tradition. Progress is always welcome but it should go hand in hand with safety of health and environment, importance of tradition and sentiment and last but not the least care for the rich biodiversity of our land.

Question (ii)
Describe in 150 words your experience similar to the writer’s when you pursued something and reached your goal.
Answer:
I believe “A man without an aim is like a ship without a radar”. I have been taught from my childhood to set a goal for myself. The choice of my ambition was left to me only and I was never forced to do anything.

I had multiple interests like playing football, drawing / painting and also writing about my various experiences. I started writing blogs on different social topics of my interest as well as of my own experiences in multiple walks of life. Gradually, after getting positive responses to my blogs, I got the confidence of writing short stories which were quite well accepted too by my friends and relatives. That gave me immense faith to choose writing as my profession.

One day, I saw an advertisement of ‘Crossword’ bookstore asking young writers to take part in a story-writing competition. About forty stories will be published as a book titled “ I want to be an author” without thinking twice, I took part in the competition and the rest is history. Today, I am one of those forty-one young story-tellers.

Question (iii)
The writer goes in search of an invaluable indigenous variety of seeds. List three reasons for the importance of keeping records of our indigenous agricultural practices.
Answer:
The reasons for the importance of keeping records of our indigenous agricultural practices are:
(i) (a) Reducing environmental stress by channelling water from mountain peaks to areas of demand and this practice has been going on for centuries.
(b) Using natural fertilizers made from cow dung, cow urine, evaporated cane juice of raw sugar and water to save sick plants. This practice has been mentioned in the vedas.
(ii) Traditional techniques like crop rotation, erosion prevention, systematic use of composts and manures lead to natural agricultural practices and promise better yields.
(iii) (a) Chemical fertilizers lead to degraded soil condition, deterioration in the health of quality of crops and livestock.
(b) Organic agriculture combined with tradition, innovation and science, benefits the health of the soil, people and the environment.

Question (iv)
Write a blog in about 100 to 150 words on organic farming.
Answer:
Organic Farming – A Blessing or Curse

Early 20th century saw the birth of organic farming which is an alternative to agricultural system in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices. It encourages the use of naturally occurring substances and strictly prohibits synthetic substances. Organic farming allows organically made fertilizers like compost manure, green manure and bone meal manure. Though they do not stop the use of some naturally occurring pesticides but synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are strongly prohibited. They are in favour of techniques like crop rotation, biological pest control, mixed cropping and nurturing insect killers.

Organic farming methods are internationally regulated since it has proved advantageous for health and food safety, food security, soil fertility and most importantly sustainability and biodiversity. That is why, the demand for organic farming has been steadily growing and is being encouraged all over the world. Organic farmers believe that agriculture was practised for thousands of years without the use of chemicals. If it was possible then, nothing should be impossible now.

Question (v)
Write a short paragraph in about 120 words, to be used as Counter-View for the following topic. ‘Buy a bigger cloth for your coat’.
View Section:
(a) We cannot survive by the dictum ‘Cut your cloth according to your coat’ in today’s world.
(b) In the modern world we should ‘Think Big’
(c) Think of increasing your income instead of reducing your needs.
(d) We cannot deny ourselves, what the new world offers us.
Answer:
Counter-view:
Today’s world is full of attractions. But we need to he careful about spending according to our means. We have to be prudent (wise) enough to save for the rainy days so that we don’t have to beg or borrow during emergency. It is, of course, essential to think big but at the same time over-ambition should not lead us to a point of no-return.

We should be well-aware of our capabilities and try to reach our goal judiciously instead of foolishly increasing our demands. We must make “slow but steady wins the race”, the motto of our life. Even if the new world has lots of offer, we must develop the quality of patience to wait for the right thing to come at the right time.

Question (vi)
‘Organic farming is the need of the time’. Write your views in favour and against the statement.
Answer:

Views	Counter-views
1. Reduced exposure to pesticides and chemicals since natural fertilizers are used.	(a) Some organic pesticides can actually have a worse environmental impact, contrary to the popular belief.
2. One pays more for organic food but it is worth for a healthier diet.	(b) Organic products are costlier since production per unit is less than conventional farming.
3. Better effect on the environment by reducing global warming.	(c) Organic farming may reduce global warming but because of more use of land, this practice is not sustainable with a growing world population.
4. Organic food has better taste and more nutrition since they are given more time to develop and are not pumped with artificial things.	(d) Organic food generally gets spoilt faster since no preservatives are used to maintain their freshness and mishanding of products may deprive the market of their availability.

Question (vii)
Appeal your classmate to say ‘No to Junk Food’. Write an appeal to prefer organic food over junk food.
Answer:
Attention! Attention! Attention!

My Dear Friends

Do you know what you’re putting in your mouth? You surely know, you are what you eat.

I’m here to advise you not to use your stomach as a trash can! Please Say ‘No’ To Junk Food.
But, what is a junk food? They’re all your favourites – yes, they are ! French fries, chicken nuggets, nachos, taco burgers, chips, chocolates, pizzas, cakes – Ah! all are mouth-watering, aren’t they? But they are also slow-poisoning us everyday causing obesity, various liver diseases, diabetes, blood pressure at a very young age — the list is long but the choice is yours!

Remember: Healthy organic foods bless us but junk foods mess us. Junk food which is rich in calories, fat, sugar and salt are yummier, I do agree with you. But are you ready to take such a big risk of spoiling your health and youth? Eat fresh, local and seasonal food because ‘health is wealth’, my dear friends!

Friends, you must eat to live and not live to eat. Let’s all have a healthy mind in a healthy body. It is my call, your call – our call!

(A6)

Projects:

Question (i)
Plant the seed of a flower or fruit of your choice in a pot or in your garden. Note its growth every day and maintain a diary recording its progress.

Question (ii)
Find out more career opportunities in the field of agriculture, organic farming, sales, storage, distribution and marketing research.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.3 The Call of the Soil Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Find words related to agriculture,
Answer:
The words related to agriculture are:

foliage of moong
pods
crop
land
farming
plant
sow
season
seeds
tractor
plough
leaves
bloom
field
ground
pesticide
yield
chemicals
farm
harvest
fertile
hybrids
fertilizers
farmers
rice

Question 2.
The writer disagreed with Moru Dada because –
Answer:
The writer disagreed with Moru Dada because he suggested the use of some pesticides on the plants. The author was absolutely clear in his mind not to use any chemical which will be harmful for the soil, the plants and ultimately for human health. But for Moru Dada and his friends who were used to the conventional farming, this decision of the author was unthinkable.

Question 3.
The writer wanted to grow the traditional variety of rice because –
Answer:
1. It did not need very high variety of fertilizers
2. This variety is quite strong and is able to resist pests.

Question 4.
The write almost gave up hope of finding the desi variety of rice because –
Answer:
1. In spite of his regular visits to the villages around in search of a good desi variety, he was not successful,
2. Most of the farmers, especially the younger generation, in and around the village of Peth had switched over to hybrids and looked down upon the ‘desi’ variety, as they called the local scented variety of rice.

Question 5.
Mention the varieties of rice from the passage, “Most of the farmers…disappeared”
Answer:

Kasbai – local long-grained scented variety
Basmati – more aromatic than Kasbai
Hybrids – the latest craze of the farmers.

Question 6.
List ways in which the Government officer cooperated with the author.
Answer:
1. The agricultural officer felt that the villagers were fooling the author as they had no rice by the name ‘Kasbai’ and offered to give him some latest hybrid seeds free of cost for a trial.
2. The officer-in-charge of Adivasi Mahamandal at Kasa informed the author that he remembered buying Kasbai rice a few years ago.
3. The second gentleman definitely had more knowledge of rice which he shared with the author.

Question 7.
Find synonyms of the word ‘insipid’.
Answer:
The synonyms of ‘insipid’ are:

tasteless
flavourless
bland

Comprehension:

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Pick out the sentences that are true.
(i) The author thought that he would have some time to get familiar with farming.
(ii) Moru Dada was not at all sure about sowing moong in that season.
(iii) The moong seeds were brought from Gujarat.
(iv) The author did not own the land where he started farming.
Answer:
(i) True
(iii) True

Question 2.
State the advantages of the varieties as you find them in the extract.
Answer:

Variety	Advantages
1. Hybrid varieties	Short duration crop so can have two crops a year
2. Traditional Rice	Good quality rice with alluring aroma

Question 3.
Match the pairs to complete the sentences / phrases in A with the alternatives in B.

‘A’	‘B’
1. Tales of Kasbai	(a) was enlightening
2. Visit to agricultural officer	(b) made us more determined to get it
3. Ex-sarpanch	(c) devu Handa
4. Hybrid	(d) insipid

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
1. Tales of Kasbai	(b) made us more determined to get it
2. Visit to agricultural officer	(a) was enlightening
3. x-sarpanch	(c) devu Handa
4. Hybrid	(d) insipid

Say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statement.

Question 1.
The old woman weighed 10 kg of rice and gave it to the author.
Answer:
False. The old woman did not have a weighing scale.

Question 2.
The author and his friend did not know the local dialect very well.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
The people at Boripada village were well-aware of the modern way of farming.
Answer:
False. The people at Boripada never heard of hybrids, fertilizers or pesticides.

Question 4.
The old woman was unhappy to get the price of the rice.
Answer:
False. She was very happy and nodded her head with a smile of approval.

Complex Factual:

Question 1.
Supply Information from the passage,
1. I stood in the middle of lush green field of _______ and _______ .
2. Around me were rows of _______ and below a dense _____ .
Answer:
1. Moong (green gram), looked around me
2. Chikoo trees, foliage of moong

Question 2.
Mention any two changes that have occurred in farming of rice.
Answer:
1. Most of the farmers in and around the village of Peth had switched over to hybrids.
2. Kasbai which is a traditional long grained rice variety with distinct aroma being a long duration crop is not preferred by the farmers.

Question 3.
Mention any two difficulties that the author faced in tracing Kasbai.
Answer:
1. The Agricultural officer didn’t know Kasbai existed. So he couldn’t help the author in procuring it.
2. He couldn’t get the seeds as farmers resorted to hybrid varieties which gave quick yield.

Question 4.
The only people who still grew Kasbai rice were –
Answer:
The adivasis in a hamlet at the foothills of the mountains in the village Asarvari.

Question 5.
Each year they had to increase the quantity of urea and pesticides as –
Answer:
The hybrid varieties had insatiable appetite for chemicals and fertilizers.

Question 6.
How was the old lady’s world unspoilt by progress?
Answer:
The old lady, who, according to the write, represents real people of India, holding on to the biodiversity of Indian land. They have been able to do this as they have never heard of hybrids, fertilizers or pesticides.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
Explain.
“I was grateful to have taken Moru’s advice”
Answer:
The author was not sure about planting moong in that season as he wanted to get familiar with the process of farming. But Moru Dada insisted that the season was right for planting moong seeds. He was right and the author was thankful for listening to his advice since he had a good harvest of moong.

Complete the following sentence.

Question 1.
The author decided to not plant hybrids because –
Answer:
The hybrid had given him low yield the previous year.

Question 2.
The seeds of Kasbai wasn’t easily available because –
Answer:
It is a long duration crop and farmers could grow two crops in that duration.

Question 3.
A visit to agricultural officer was not useful.
Answer:
The agricultural officer had not heard of the traditional long duration varieties of rice. He was aware of only the hybrid varieties that gave quick yield. So visiting the agricultural office was not useful.

Question 4.
People didn’t grow Kasbai.
Answer:
The market didn’t recognize Kasbai anymore as a variety of rice, it had lost its popularity. If they grew it they wouldn’t be able to sell it. So people didn’t grow it.

Question 5.
Write a small paragraph on the new shift to hybrid plants.
Answer:
With advent of irrigation farmers have resorted to new hybrid varieties of rice. The long duration crops are now replaced by short duration hybrids as they can plant two crops in one year. The traditional varieties have lost its existence as it requires more duration for its harvest and also will attract cattle for its pleasant aroma unlike the hybrid crops.

Question 6.
Interpret the statement: “It was difficult to keep a straight face …”
Answer:
The author was very happy to know that the old lady had Kasbai rice with her. He was unsuccessful in his search for this particular aromatic rice for months and suddenly this revelation from the old lady was very exciting for him. But he had to control his feeling since the lady had not given him the seed till then.

Question 7.
Guess why the old lady nodded her head in approval.
Answer:
The old lady did not have any clue how much to ask for a basketful of seeds which she had given to the writer. She, even did not have a weighing scale to know how much she had given. But the author gave her hundred rupees which probably she did not hope for. She happily accepted the money which might be unexpected but was definitely welcomed by her.

Personal Response

Question 1.
Name any two reasons for destruction of foliage in India today.
Answer:
Reason 1: The trees are cut to clear the land for construction of buildings.
Reason 2: The growing industries also demand deforestation.

Question 2.
Frame any four questions that you would ask a farmer if you interview him.
Answer:

What do you usually grow in your farm,
What are the challenges you face while pursuing farming as your sole occupation,
What do you do on a daily basis?
What sprays do you use?

Question 3.
Mention any four rice varieties that you have heard of.
Answer:
There are many varieties of rice in India. The most common types rice and parboiled rice. are white rice, basmati rice, emperor’s.

Question 4.
According to you how can we develop sustainability in Agriculture.
Answer:
The sustainability can be attained by the following practices.

Rotating crops
Planting cover crops
Applying integrated pest management
Embracing diversity

Question 5.
Why do you think, the author was grateful to the old lady who was ‘unspoilt by progress’?
Answer:
I think, progress has its pros and cons. It is true that we cannot sit idle when the world is progressing by leaps and bounds. But we need to recognise the adverse (ill) effects of ‘progress’ and keep them away as much as possible. That is why, the author was delighted to see the old lady who had carefully kept the tradition alive by preserving the seeds of Kasbai rice.

Language Study

Question 1.
The author thought that he would have some time for farming.
(Rewrite using the Infinitive of the underlined gerund)
Answer:
The author thought that he would have some time to farm.

Question 2.
I was trying to figure out how we should go about it.
(Place the modal auxiliary with another showing obligation)
Answer:
I was trying to figure out how we must go about it.

Question 3.
The hybrid had given him low yield the previous year.
Answer:
The hybrid had not given him high yield the previous year.

Question 4.
Kasbai is a traditional long grained rice variety.
Answer:
Kasbai is a traditional long grained rice variety, Isn’t it?

Question 5.
The entire area would have this heady aroma. (Rewrite in past perfect tense)
Answer:
The entire area had this heady aroma.

Question 6.
His eyes turned dreamy as he drifted to the past. (Make it compound sentence)
Answer:
His eyes turned dreamy and he drifted to the past.

Question 7.
“If my field alone has Kasbai it will be a treat for the cattle.” He explained
(Rewrite in reported speech)
Answer:
He explained that if his field alone had Kasbai it would be a treat for the cattle.

Question 8.
The only people who still grew it were the adivasis. (Rewrite removing ‘who’)
Answer:
Only the adivasis still grew it.

Question 9.
Her world was unspoilt by ‘Progress’.
Answer:
Progress did not spoil her world.

Question 10.
She nodded her head in approval.
Answer:
She nodded her head as she had approved.

Vocabulary

Question 1.
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their synonyms in column ‘B’.

Words (A)	Synonyms (B)
1. Foliage	(a) Careful
2. Gingerly	(b) Moist
3. lush	(c) Leaves of a tree
4. dump	(d) Thick

Answer:

Words (A)	Synonyms (B)
1. Foliage	(c) Leaves of a tree
2. Gingerly	(a) Careful
3. lush	(d) Thick
4. dump	(b) Moist

Question 2.
Write antonyms of the words from the given extract:

Appear
Wise
Short duration
Modern

Answer:

Disappear
Crazy
Long duration
Traditional

Question 3.
From one word for:
1. mixed varieties
2. a different type of something
Answer:
1. hybrids
2. aroma
3. variety

Question 4.
From the odd words from each group of words.

Reminisce, Remember, Think, Speak.
Mourn, Wail, Delight, Lament.
Appeasable, Insatiable, Satisfiable, Satiable.
City, Hamlet, Town, Village.

Answer:

Speak
Delight
Insatiable
City

Question 5.
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their synonyms in column ‘B’.

Column‘A’	Column ‘B’
(a) biodiversity	1. chemical used to kill harmful insects
(b) hybrid	2. plant food
(c) pesticide	3. existence of wide variety of plants and animals on earth
(d) fertilizers	4. mixed-breed

Answer:

Column‘A’	Column ‘B’
(a) biodiversity	3. existence of wide variety of plants and animals on earth
(b) hybrid	4. mixed-breed
(c) pesticide	1. chemical used to kill
(d) fertilizers	2. plant food

Grammar:

Question 1.
Find out some simple, complex and compound sentences from the text.
Answer:
(i) Simple Sentences

At that point, I could not have asked for anything more.
Moru Dada rented his tractor to plough the land.
We started to look for a good variety of traditional rice.
The officer-in-charge here had more knowledge of rice.

(ii) Complex Sentences

Kasbai is a traditional long-grained rice variety which has a distinct aroma.
My bare feet were muddy as I walked around gingerly.
We were clear that we would not use any chemicals.
Even when there were flash floods in the sixties, Kasbai had stood its ground.

(iii) Compound Sentences.

They just grew their rice and ate what they got.
It was just before sunrise and the sky was turning a bright orange.
I made a quick trip to Surat and bought around 10 kilograms of moong.
Nature did her job and she needed no bribes.

Question 2.
List of subordinating conjunctions.
Answer:
All wh-words like, who, what, when, whom, where, why, how though / although unless since, as, that, because, while, whereas before, whichever, whoever, after etc., are subordinating conjunctions.

Glossary:

lush – dense / thick
damp – wettish / moist
dense – thickest
pods – shells
exhilarated – very happy
plough – cultivate
thrilled – excited
hibiscus – a type of flower
yield – amount produced
convincing – persuasive
fertile – productive / rich
morale – confidence
booster – uplift / encouragement
hybrids – mixed breeds
aroma – scent / smell
pleasantries – polite talks
tremble – shiver / shake
alluring – attractive / fascinating
fall in line (phr) – agree
rued – regretted bitterly
hamlet – small village
ditches – watercourses / canals /drains
scrambling – climbing / moving with difficulty
gravels – pebbles / stones
wrinkled – covered with lines
muttered – whispered/spoke in an undertone
scowled – looked angrily
nestling – naturally / pleasantly located house
hustle and bustle (phr) – excited activities
biodiversity – all the varieties of life on earth, their communities
habitat fuzz – a soft covering

11th Std English Questions And Answers

On To The Summit: We Reach The Top 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.2 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.2 On To The Summit: We Reach The Top Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.2 On To The Summit: We Reach The Top Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.2 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Question 1.
Complete the web of different activities related to climbing.

Answer:

Question 2.
There are certain prerequisites for Mountaineering. With reference to the following points develop a short dialogue between you and your friend about mountaineering.

Answer:

Ashish: Hey Mayank ! when is your next plan for mountaineering?
Mayank: Yes, I am planning for some days in September – October. Are you interested in joining?
Ashish: Yes, I am. But I’m not very confident.
Mayank: Then we will go to Mount Kilimanjaro to start with. But before that you must begin with small practices like walking, stair climbing and may be uphill hiking a bit.
Ashish: What are the usual equipments that we need? You must be having most of them?
Mayank: Honestly speaking, we need a lot of equipments and yes, I have some. But let’s visit a mountaineering equipment shop one day to get an idea of the latest ones, convenient as well as inexpensive. I have the basic ones like tent, headlight, map, compass, cap, jackets, gloves, sunscreen, lip balm, etc.
Ashish: Oh ! You have quite a lot. Let’s visit the shop tomorrow.
Mayank: But you need to talk to a fitness expert to get the guidance because a fit climber spends less energy. He will suggest what type of fitness regime we should follow as well as can recommend a good trainer.
Ashish: Yes, I know. Mental and physical fitness are the main ingredients for the success of a mountaineer. Tomorrow, I’ll come to your place and we’ll plan everything. We have to start as soon as possible.
Mayank: You are most welcome. See you tomorrow.

Question 3.
Discuss various hazards and risks that a mountaineer/ trekker has to face in an expedition.
Answer:
The hazards and risks for a mountaineer/trekker may be:

Bad visibility caused by bad weather (mist, rain, snow) or darkness is a major hazard.
Snow and ice can make a simple path a very dangerous one, especially if there is a steep drop off near by.
Rock fall is a common mishap during heavy snow and rain.
Lightning can cause a major problem at some places.
Flash floods due to storm might be risky.
A mountaineer cannot ignore rain and wind. Rain makes the path towards upward climbing slippery and a strong wind can cause loss of balance of a mountaineer, making climbing impossible.
Hypothermia, that is, lowering of the body’s natural temperature to 32° C due to wet clothing and heat loss because of strong wind, can be a big hindrance. If it is not treated immediately, severe hypothermia may occur leading to fatalities.
Heat exhaustion and dehydration are very common problems because of difficult physical work.
Timely care should be taken by pouring water on the victim to avoid heatstroke. The patient should be urgently given cold water mixed with a small amount of salt and sugar to refresh him.

(A1)

Question 1.
Summarize, in your own words, the highly risky and dangerous journey of Tenzing and Hillary from the base to the top of Mount Everest.
Answer:
Tenzing and Hillary were well-informed about the flat side of the summit, its steep rise, rocky and snowy sides too. It was decided that Tenzing would lead the mission followed by Hillary in the beginning and this position would be alternated. They would be tied together by a rope. They started early from camp nine. Tenzing carried the flags of Britain, the United Nations, Nepal and India to be put on the top of Mount Everest.

They steadily climbed for an hour and faced the difficulties of steep rocks on the west side. The last fifty feet to the top was made easier by their togetherness and they officially announced that without making any attempts to take the credit for conquering Mt. Everest first. Four flags were put by Tenzing wearing the red scarf gifted by his friend. Both of them stayed safely at the top for fifteen minutes.

(A2)

Question (i)
Complete the web highlighting the feelings/emotions of Tenzing after reaching the summit.

Answer:

Question (ii)
Explain the qualities of Tenzing Norgay. Pick lines that show his unique qualities.
Answer:

Qualities	Lines
1. Patriotic	I told Colonel Hunt that I was carrying the Indian flag with me and I would like it to be on the top with other flags.
2. Unselfish	Our main thought was that both of us reached the top.
3. Non-controversial	We will not take part in any controversy.
4. ratitude	My first thought on reaching the top was a sense of gratitude to God.

Question (iii)
Write down the significance of the following in the context of‘On to the Summit*.
(a) Red Scarf
(b) Husiar
(c) Kerosene Flavoured Tea
(d) Ice Axe
(e) Anchor
Answer:
(a) Red Scarf: The red scarf was given to Tenzing by his good friend Lambert who was the leader of the Swiss Expedition of 1952. This scarf reminded Tenzing of their successful mission, a year ago and rejuvenated him to feel fit, energetic, and excited for the completion of another mission.

(b) Husiar: This code-mixing makes Tenzing’s knowledge about mountaineering clearer to the readers. Both Tenzing and Hillary did not take it easy while climbing down. After successful completion, they were not over-confident and were fully aware of the technique and caution needed for the downward journey.

(c) Kerosene Flavored Tea: This tea was brought by C.W.F. Noyce for Tenzing and Hillary from camp eight and he had to do a lot of climbing up and down for that. Some amount of Kerosene got mixed with the tea as it was made in a hurry. Tenzing did not make Mr. Noyce feel guilty as both the mountaineers were grateful for getting hot tea at a time when they needed it the most. The gentleman had taken so much trouble to serve them tea and they were not bothered about its flavour.

(d) Ice Axe: Tenzing used his ice-axe to tie one end of the four flags of Britain, the United Nations and Nepal and the other end was held up by him. Hillary took his pictures holding all the flags up. But he needed his ice-axe for climbing down. So he had to remove his ice-axe and buried one end of the flags in the snow on the slope down below and other end in the ice on the top. Obviously, they fell down but Tenzing had no choice but to remove his ice-axe.

(e) Anchor: An anchor is a person who is strong and reliable. He makes people feel safe and confident. In mountaineering, the man who follows while climbing has a difficult job both in climbing up and climbing down. Tenzing and Hillary decided to alternate this job of anchoring so that the person leading feel safer. This proved that their expedition was a team-work where both shared the responsibility of being the anchor in order to have a successful mission.

(A3)

Question (i)
Add suitable suffixes (- tion, ly, – ment, – ous) and prefixes (un, il, im) to the words given below. Answer:

Word	Prefix	Suffix
absolute	–	absolutely
fulfill	unfulfill	fulfillment
determine	–	determination
danger	–	dangerous
tight	untight	tightly
clear	unclear	clearly
sure	unsure	surely
legal	illegal	legally
legitimate	illegitimate	legitimately
possible	impossible	possibly

(ii) Fill appropriate letters in the blank space to get a past participle form of a word. Use the word as adjective in your own sentence.

Question (a)
s _ g n _ d
Answer:
signed – The advocate took all the signed documents to the court.

Question (b)
p _ _ z _ d
Answer:
prized – My grandmother’s diary is a prized possession for me.

Question (c)
f _ _t_ene_
Answer:
flattened – On the highway we were in great trouble due to the flattened tyre.

Question (d)
b _ i _ e _
Answer:
boiled – My sister loves to eat boiled egg.

(iii) Spot the error in the following sentences.

Question (i)
I was not afraid for die that day.
Answer:
I was not afraid to die that day.

Question (ii)
Tenzing and Hillary made on pact at the office of PM of Nepal.
Answer:
Tenzing and Hillary made a pact in the office of PM of Nepal.

Question (iii)
I has to bring my ice axe down with me.
Answer:
I had to bring my ice axe down with me.

Question (iv)
Tenzing have spent a night with Camp Eight.
Answer:
Tenzing had spent a night at Camp Eight.

Question (v)
Pact was signed from Tenzing and Hillary.
Answer:
A pact was signed between Tenzing and Hillary.

Question (vi)
I and Hillary were in no mood of talking.
Answer:
Hillarv and I were in no mood for any talking.

(A4)

Question 1.
In passive voice the doer is the objeet and the job accomplished is the subject. The verb of passive voice is formed by using the correct form of verb ‘to be’ or verb ‘to have’ + past participle of the main verb. Construct the passive voice of the following sentences accordingly.
Answer:

Active Voice	Passive Voice
(i) We have done it.	(i) It has been done by us.
(ii) We made a pact.	(ii) A pact was made by us.
(iii) I offered silent prayer in my heart.	(iii) Silent prayer in my heart was offered by me.
(iv) Colonel Hunt gave me three flags.	(iv) Three flags were given to me by Colonel Hunt.
(v) I was carrying the Indian flag.	(v) The Indian flag was being carried by me.
(vi) I took photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags.	(vi) Photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the flags were taken by me.
(vii) I remembered him.	(vii) He was remembered by me.
(viii) We spent the night at Camp Eight.	(viii) The night was spent at Camp Eight by us.

(A5)

Question (i)
Write in short about any adventure sport that you like and the risk involved in it.
Answer:
I like Bunjee-jumping a lot and have taken part in it at Lonavala. Bungee-jumping, I am sure, many of you, know that it is an activity where the participant jumps from a tall structure but he is obviously connected to a large elastic cord. It is thrilling and one needs a lot of courage to take part in it since a number of risks are involved in it.

Most common injuries are fracture, strains, sprains, bruising, chronic stress features. But the most dangerous risk is acute head injuries. Lots of precautions are being taken by the organizers but one needs to think whether it is worth taking such risks just for the sake of adventure.

Question (ii)
Give your opinion: whether we should or should not participate in adventure sports because –
Answer:
Every coin has two sides, so do adventure sports. Adventure sports do have some benefits.
They are as follows:
1. Boost self-confidence.
2. Stay mentally sharp.
3. Help to cope with challenges in life.
4. Spark the desire to explore.

However, the negative aspects of adventure sports can be quite disturbing.
1. They can cause serious health issues.
2. They are obviously very dangerous.
3. Regular safety precautions may not be stringently followed to prevent life threatening injuries.
It depends on the individual to assess his/her own character traits as well as the pros and cons of the sport, to come to the final decision to take part in any adventure sports with proper training.

Question (iii)
Tenzing and Hillary created history by reaching the summit of Mt. Everest. There are many mountains in Maharashtra where one can fancy his or her chances of climbing them. Imagine that you have climbed a mountain and are immensely thrilled and excited. Write a letter to your friend about it.
Answer:
XYZ,
ABC Apartment,
Flat No. 4, 29th Road,
Shivaji Nagar, Pune
11th July, 2019

Dear Manav,

How are you? I am writing to you after a long time. These days I feel so lazy to write letters, thanks to modern technologies. But today, I am very excited. I went on my first trek last week and I wanted to share with you the details of my trekking experience.

You obviously know, Maharashtra lies amidst the Western Ghats and it welcomes the rains to the beautiful ranges of the Sahayadris. Last week my close friends and I decided to go to Lonavala and from there to Lohagad Fort for trekking, which is for the beginners. We were told that Lohagad Fort trek was not very difficult. We could reach up to the fort to witness some of the most spectacular views in the Lonavala trekking region.

It took us about three to four hours to reach the summit. I must admit that the initial fear was there. But after reaching the peak and seeing the magnificent view all around, we felt that it was worth going there.

Something I must tell you here before I forget. My elder brother Deepak has joined as an executive in a good company and he was my money-bag this time. I felt so, fortunate. Coming back to my expedition, the descent was easier as we were all in a jovial mood for completing the mission (to me, it was a mission only, my first trek) successfully. We have taken beautiful photographs of the surroundings which is breathtakingly beautiful. The waterfalls, lakes, streams, rock-climbing patches, hillocks all around are real wonders of Mother Earth.

When are you planning to come to Pune? I’m eagerly waiting for showing you the photographs. How are Uncle and Aunty. Give them my regards.

Yours lovingly,
XYZ

Question (iv)
You are the college representative and your Principal has assigned you the task of writing a letter to the Divisional Officer, Satpuda Mountain Ranges, Nagpur, seeking permission for the mountaineering expedition to be organized by your college.
Answer:
Harshad Kale
College Representative
XYZ College of Arts and Commerce,
Ghatkopar (East),
Mumbai – 400 077
11th July, 2019

Divisional Officer,
Satpuda Mountain Range,
Nagpur

Subject: Permission for the mountaineering expedition to be organized by our college.

Respected Sir/Madam,

I am Harshad Kale, the College Representative of XYZ College of Arts and Commerce. On behalf of my Principal Dr. Sunil Patil I would request you to grant me the permission for organizing the mountaineering expedition.

I would like to inform you that NCC Unit of our college has planned for the mountaineering expedition from 25th to 30th July. The students who are selected for taking part are all expert trekkers and they will be accompanied by experienced mountaineers as well as our Professors who go regularly for trekking. Our Principal has instructed to arrange for all precautionary measures and is personally taking care of all arrangements.

We shall be obliged if you kindly permit us to carry on the expedition. Awaiting your positive response.

Thanking you,
Yours Sincerely Harshad Kale

Enclosed:
(a) Copy of the expedition programme.
(b) Letter of permission from Principal Dr. Sunil Patil

Question (v)
Convert the above letter into an e-mail format.
Answer:
To: abc@gmail.com
Cc: qrs@gmail.com
Bcc: (non-visible email ids)
Subject: Permission for organising mountaineering expedition

Respected Sir/Madam,

This is Harshad Kale, the representative of XYZ college of Arts and Commerce. On behalf of my teachers and Principal, I request you to grant me the permission for organising a mountaineering expedition planned by our college NCC unit from 25th to 30th July, 2019.

We shall be obliged if you permit us to organize the above mentioned expedition. I have attached the expedition programme for your kind perusal.

Awaiting your positive reply.
Thanks and regards,
Harshad Kale
XYZ College of Arts and Commerce,
Expedition programme [×]
Permission letter (Principal) [×]

Comparisons:

1. Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the sentence is wrong give reasons.

Question (i)
Sunita is the quieter of four sisters.
Answer:
The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: When more than two nouns are compared superlative adjective should be used, i.e., quitest

Question (ii)
Sunita is the quietest of the four sisters.
(iii) Anil’s computer is more new than mine.
Answer:
The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘More new’ is the wrong form of comparative degree of the adjective ‘new’.

Question (iv)
Anil’s computer is newer than mine.
(v) I have the wonderfullest mother in the world
Answer:
The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘wonderfullest’ is the wrong form of superlative degree of the adjective ‘wonderful’.

Question (vi)
I have the most wonderful mother in the world.
(vii) Aditi is more carefuller than Mary.
Answer:
The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘More carefuller’ is the wrong form of comparative degree of ‘careful’.
(viii) Aditi is more careful than Mary.

Look at the following sentences and observe the changes in the three sentences. Note your responses.

Question (a)
Atul is not as bright as Milind in studies.
Answer:
Positive

Question (b)
The dining room is brighter than the kitchen.
Answer:
Comparitive

Question (c)
Anne is the brightest girl in class.
Answer:
Superlative

(A7)

Project:

Go to your college library or surf the internet for names of various mountaineers who have successfully climbed Mt. Everest. Write in your notebook about their struggles, the interesting anecdotes they have shared, their failures and the message that we get from their lives. Submit them to your teacher.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.2 On To The Summit Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Give reasons for the ‘rope’ being called a symbol.
Answer:
The rope that tied the two mountaineers, Hillary and Tenzing, together,was referred to as a ‘symbol’ by Tenzing because he always felt that climbing was a teamwork for them. Success, risks, hard work and failure be shared by both as two of them were tied together to fulfill an ambition which was full of hazards. They were aware of the risks involved in their mission and in all those situations, the rope would be between them as a symbol of their togetherness.

Question 2.
Discuss in pairs about any controversy in which you haive got embroiled. Also speak of your experience to the class.
Answer:
Controversies are parts and parcels of our lives and most of the times they are man-made. It happened with me also when I made an innocent comment about one of my classmates. There was a lot of hue and cry about these comments as it was reported by adding fuel to it. But I decided to talk to my classmate and the matter was resolved amicably.

Question 3.
List the ways in which Tenzing Norgay celebrates on reaching the top.
Answer:
1. Tenzing and Hillary embraced each other saying “We have done it.”
2. Tenzing showed his gratitude to God by praying silently for the fulfillment of his desire of climbing the Everest after having failed six times. His offerings were biscuits, candy and a little blue pencil which his daughter Nima had requested him to put on the top of the mountain.
3. Hillary took the photograph of Tenzing holding aloft the flags of Great Britain, Nepal, the United Nations and India.

Comprehension:

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the web on climbing the summit by Tenzing and Hillary.
Answer:

Question 2.
Rewrite the given sentences in their order of occurrence.
1. I ate some biscuits and offered some to Hillary.
2. I wore the red scarf given to me by my friend, all the way up the mountain from Darjeeling.
3. I offered a silent prayer to God in my heart.
4. At the summit I felt absolutely fit.
5. My daughter Nima gave me a blue pencil, one of her prized possessions, to put at the summit as her offering to God.
Answer:
3. I offered a silent prayer to God in my heart.
5. My daughter Nima gave me a blue pencil, one of her prized possessions, to put at the summit as her offering to God.
1. I ate some biscuits and offered some to Hillary.
2. I wore the red scarf given to me by my friend, ah the way up the mountain from Darjeeling.
4. At the summit I felt absolutely fit.

Complex Factual:

Question 1.
Why didn’t it matter for Tenzing to be the first one to reach the summit?
Answer:
Both Tenzing and Hillary were not thinking of being the first to reach the summit since climbing took all their attention. Their main thought was that one could not do that job alone and only a difference of one thousand feet could decide the position which could be found by the person coming behind.

Question 2.
Why didn’t Tenzing feel tired after reaching the summit?
Answer:
After reaching the summit Tenzing felt exhilarated. He forget about the tiredness. His first thought was a sense of gratitude to god who had blessed him with the fulfillment of his desire after having failed six time.

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis

Question 1.
Explain.
“The rope was a symbol”
Answer:
The rope was a symbol of togetherness of Hillary and Tenzing as it was used to tie them, one following the other. It was also the proof that climbing the summit of Mt. Everest needed a teamwork and the two members of their team respected and considered each other important.

Question 2.
Explain.
“He gave me a big smile, showing that he understood.”
Answer:
Hillary smiled because he understood the emotion of Tenzing. The blue pencil was given to Tenzing by his youngest daughter, Nima, and it was one of her prized possessions. She parted with it with the expectation that her father would conquer the summit and the offering of the blue pencil was her way of showing gratefulness to God. Her father would fulfill her wish.

Personal Response

Question 1.
Pick up one sentence to show one quality of Tenzing that you have appreciated the most in his story. Explain your answer.
Answer:
The sentence “What does it matter whether I reached the top first or Hillary?” shows the unselfish character of Tenzing. He had the opportunity to claim that he reached the summit first as he was walking first and Hillary was behind him. But he did not take the credit as he knew it was a team work. Accomplishing the job was more important than taking credit for it.

Question 2.
Mention some of the benefits of trekking trips organized by colleges for the students.
Answer:

The students get more exposure and experience.
They get close to nature.
They learn to handle adverse situations.

Language Study

Question (i)
You have many more important worries. (Change the degree)
Answer:
This worry is not as important as many other worries you have.

Question (ii)
Most of the time the rope was loose. (Make negative)
Answer:
Most of the time the rope was not tight.

Question (iii)
My mind was absolutely clear. (Use past perfect tense and rewrite)
Answer:
My mind had been absolutely clear.

Question (iv)
My first thought on reaching the top was a sense of gratitude to God. (Use ‘When’ and rewrite)
Answer:
When I reached the top, my first thought was a sense of gratitude to God.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Add suffixes to convert the following verbs into nouns.

confirm
know
near
move

Answer:

confirmation
knowledge
nearness
movement

Question 2.
Give one word for:
1. satisfy one’s thirst
2. very happy and excited
Answer:
1. quench
2. exhilaration

Glossary:

anchor – support / production
steep – high / sharp
expedition – mission
incline – slope
taut – tightly
bulky – large
descent – going down / coming down
spared – saved
flushed – glowed
alternated – changing places
sloping – slanting up or down
summit – the highest point of a hill or mountain
controversy – prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion
pact – a formal agreement between individuals or parties
ridge – a long narrow piece of raised land
embrace – hug, hold (someone) closely in one’s arms
accord – agreement, be harmonious or consistent with
quench – satisfy one’s thirst
exhilarated – very happy and excited
gale – strong wind
apparently – as far as one knows or one can see.

11th Std English Questions And Answers

Being Neighborly 11th Question Answer English Chapter 1.1 Maharashtra Board

January 13, 2025January 12, 2025 by Bhagya

Balbharti Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.1 Being Neighborly Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Class 11 English Chapter 1.1 Being Neighborly Question Answer Maharashtra Board

11th Std English Chapter 1.1 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 11th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Read the following statements and mark those that apply to you.

Question 1.
(i) I make friends easily.
(ii) I wish to be friends with someone but my friendship is rejected.
(iii) Someone has extended a hand of friendship towards me and I have not accepted it.
(iv) I have a large group of friends but no best buddy.
(v) I have a small group of close friends and have no wish to interact with anyone else.
(vi) I have cordial relationships with all but I cannot connect with anyone.
Answer:
(i) I make friends easily.
(iv) I have a large group of friends but no best buddy.

Complete the following web diagram.

Question (i)

Answer:

Question (ii)
If you see someone lonely or sad you will –
(a) try to cheer the person by talking something pleasant.
(b) try to distract the person’s attention by doing some activity together.
(c) discuss the problem if the person wants to, give a patient hearing and also try to suggest some possible solutions.

(A1)

Question (i)
Jo’s decision to make friends with the lonely boy next door proves to be a good one. Elaborate. You may begin with ‘Jo was a bold, friendly and warm person…”
Answer:
Jo was bold, friendly and warm person who observed the boy next door closely and came to the conclusion that he was hungry for friends and fun. She was sad for the boy and felt it her neighborly duty to help the boy come out of his loneliness in her own way. She took a quick decision to catch the boys attention by throwing snowballs towards the window from where he was peeping.

She took the initiative to start an immediate conversation which was well-received by the boy. He invited her home and Jo readily accepted. Jo’s friendliness made the boy feel comfortable and he enjoyed Jo’s way of talking, her humour and most importantly, her companionship. He showed her his library and together they had a gala time which he never had before.

Question (ii)
Complete the following statements. (Answers are given directly in bold)
Answer:

To Jo the fine house seemed like an enchanted house.
Jo swept a path around the garden for Beth to walk in when the sun came out.
Jo entered the old stone house carrying her broom.
In order to tidy the room, Jo had whisked things into place.

Question (iii)
Bring out the contrast between the two houses with the help of the following points:
Answer:

House of March

House of Laurence

1. Old, brown house

2. Rather bare and shabby

3. Children played all around

4. A lively household having four girls and a loving mother

(a) Stately stone mansion

(b) Stately stone mansion

(d) All quiet, curtain down at the lower windows
No motherly face smiled at the windows

(A2)

Question 1.
The traits of the characters you meet in the extract are jumbled. Sort them out and write them in the appropriate columns.
(Shy, bold, gruff, friendly, withdrawn, perceptive, empathetic, playful, lonely, happy, gentlemanly, frank, mature, dull, sharp, adventurous.)

Jo	Laurie	Grandpa
adventurous	dull	gruff
bold	lonely	withdrawn
playful	gentlemanly	frank
happy	shy	sharp
friendly	mature
empathetic	sharp
perceptive	friendly

(A3)

Question (i)
Write down in your own words the way Laurie confirmed the names of the March sisters.
Answer:
The March family sometimes forgot to put the curtain down at the window and that helped Laurie, their neighbor, to observe minutely inside the March household. The sisters often call one another and lonely Laurie enjoys watching them having good time. That’s how he came to know that Beth is the one who is generally a home-bird but whenever she goes out, she carries a basket with her. Amy’s curly hair and Meg’s pretty face has also caught his attention.

Question (ii)
Give a brief account of the interaction between Grandpa and Jo.
Answer:
Grandpa and Jo had an interesting interaction as Jo had come out of her initial fear after having a closer look at him. Grandpa had overheard Jo’s comments on his portrait and Jo did not even try to deny any one of them. This pleased Grandpa immensely and he remembered Jo’s grandfather who was similarly brave and honest.

Jo frankly told Grandpa about the problem Laurie was facing because of his loneliness. She showed her concern and expressed the March sisters’ eagerness to help Laurie. They started talking informally about Hemmel family, Jo’s mother and he also invited Jo to join for tea which Jo courteously accepted. This interaction made Jo very satisfied as she could find out how good their neighbor was.

(A4)

Question (i)
Find proverbs, maxims and idioms related to ‘friendship’.
Answer:

Birds of a feather flock together.
A friend in need is a friend in deed.
Friendship is love with understanding.
To get on like a house on fire (idiom).
Like two peas in a pod (idiom).

Question (ii)
The Extract deals with the atmosphere of two homes. Collect the words associated with –

Home
Library
Garden

Answer:

Home: old, brown, bare, shabby, stately stone mansion, comfort, luxury, big coach house, lovely things, rich curtains, lifeless, lawn, enchanted, hidden glories, full of splendour.
Library: books, pictures, statues, little cabinets, coins, sleepy hollow chairs, queer tables, quaint tiles, open fireplace, bronzes.
Garden: large, low hedge, vines, flowers.

(A5)

Change into indirect speech.

Question (a)
“Do you like your school?” asked the boy. “Don’t go to school I’m a businessman – girl, I mean”, answered Jo.
Answer:
The boy wanted to know whether she (Jo) liked school to which Jo answered quite emphatically that she did not go to school. She further added that she was a businessman and jovially corrected the gender.

Question (b)
Jo flourished her broom as she called out… “How do you do? Are you sick?
Laurie opened the window and croaked out as hoarsely as a raven…
“Better, thank you. I’ve had a bad cold, and been shut up a week.”
Answer:
Flourishing her broom Jo asked Laufie about his well-being and enquired whether he was sick. Laurie opened the window and croaked out as hoarsely as a raven thanking Jo for her concern and informed her that he was feeling better. He further added that he had been shut up a week as he had a bad cold.

Question (c)
“The pretty one is Meg, and the curly-haired one is Amy, I believe?” – Laurie.
“How did you find that out?” – Jo.
Answer:
Laurie wanted to confirm from Jo whether the pretty one was Meg and the curly-haired was Amy. With surprise in her voice Jo enquired how he(Laurie) had found that out.

Question (d)
“I’m not afraid of anything”, returned Jo with a toss of the head.
“I don’t believe you are !” exclaimed the boy.
Answer:
With a toss of the head Jo emphatically told that she was not afraid of anything. The boy was not surprised at her claim and agreed with her completely.

(A6)

Question (i)
Narrate in 100 words an incident, that illustrates the way a friend of yours ‘made you feel happy and accepted’, at some point in your life.
Answer:
That was my first day at school. I was just five years old. When my parents left me in school and I entered the classroom. I felt so lonely that I was about to cry. I was looking around, desperately trying to find out a known or a friendly face to talk to. Suddenly, there was a pat on my back and I saw a girl standing behind me.

She held my hand and took me to the bench where she was sitting. We became friends instantly. Till today we are the best friends. I shall be very grateful to her for her acceptance of me on the very first day at school.

Question (ii)
Give reasons, for us being reluctant to make friends with some strangers, but being comfortable with some, even after meeting them for the first time.
Answer:
Strangers are always mysteries for us. But some people have the inherent simplicity which instantly attract us towards them and we long to be friends with them. We feel comfortable in their company. But there is another category of people who have the attention-catching technique of blowing their own trumpets. It is difficult to carry on normal conversation with them as they are obsessed with their ownselves.

Question (iii)
Are friends different from neighbors? Are you friends with your neighbors? Give examples and write.
Answer:
It is not necessary to have one’s friend as one’s neighbor always. If it happens that way, then one is lucky. Friendship does not depend on the residence of a person and it can be different from the friendly relation one can have with one’s neighbor.

I am very fortunate to have a very friendly family as our neighbor. We are always there for one another at the hour of need as well as sharing happiness. For example, the owner of the apartment is a doctor and he is helping us with useful advices whenever anyone in our family falls sick. My mother is a teacher and she guides the children of our neighbor with their difficulties in studies. A good neighbor is always an asset.

Question (iv)
Make a note about how people amused themselves in earlier times without TV, internet or social media for entertainment.
Answer:
In earlier times when TV, internet and social media did not make people slaves of these sorts of entertainments, people used to socialize a lot. They used to meet their friends and relatives, talk to them over a telephone, make enquirers about each other’s well-beings and exchange ideas. The human connections were more and people used to share their joys and sorrows. Gone are those days of personal relationships which have been taken over by the modern technology enslaving people.

(A7)

Question 1.
Use your imagination and extend the story in about 100 to 130 words.
Answer:
Jo had a nice time with Laurie and his grandpa having tea and snacks which she enjoyed thoroughly. Both of them were very interesting characters, nice to talk to and Jo had an entertaining evening. She was excited to be acquainted with a friendly neighbor which she had always longed for. She was happy to go back home with so much of positive feelings about their neighbor who had been a mystery for her and her family.

Her entire family always felt sad for the lonely boy Laurie but nobody could approach him for helping him. She was extremely delighted to know Laurie and his grandpa who were courteous enough to invite her for tea. She was in a hurry to share her excitement with her family. “Ah! what a pleasant day it was !” she whispered.

(A8) Project:

If you are social, like to meet new people, can emphatise and connect with peole easily, make a list of careers available to you and write in brief about them. For example: Human Resource Development or HRD.

Yuvakbharati English 11th Digest Chapter 1.1 Being Neighborly Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Jo doesn’t want to be a pussy-cat because –
Answer:
Pussy cat symbolises lethargy. Jo was always on the look out for excitements and thrills. She was an adventurous girl who does not want to idle away her time sleeping like a pussy-cat and enjoy the warmth of the fireplace on a cold winter afternoon. She would rather find out something interesting to spend her time.

Question 2.
Guess the meaning of‘hidden glories’ in the context of the mansion mentioned in the story.
Answer:
The expression has been used in the context of the mansion where Laurie lives. It has glimpses of lovely things and a look of an enchanted house, which probably hides lots of attractions inside.

Question 3.
Explain: “That boy is suffering for society and fun”.
Answer:
The young boy Laurie is lonely and longs for having fun with friends of his age-group, play with them and enjoy life the way a boy of his age does. The absence of company of friends and fun has made him dull which is affecting him like a disease.

Question 4.
Discuss ‘as dull as tombs’ and name the figure of speech.
Answer:
The figure of speech is ‘Simile’ as the dullness of the house is directly compared to the serious and dull atmosphere in a tomb. The boy meant by the expression that his house is very boring.

Question 5.
Complete the sentence: ‘a little gentleman’ means.
Answer:
The young boy is referred to as ‘a little gentleman’ here as he talks and behaves decently with others. He has a good upbringing which has taught him to welcome guests at his place by presenting himself as well as his room tidily.

Question 6.
Make a list of gifts you give/receive to/from your friends.
The gifts I usually give/receive to/from my friends are:

books
cosmetics
various food items
accessories

Question 7.
Complete the sentence in your own words : Hunger is related to food. Laurie is ‘hungry’ for –
Answer:
Laurie is a lonely young boy who is hungry for spending happy times both at home and with friends. He belongs to a rich family where he gets everything but suitable companions to have fun with. That is why he longs for food for his mind, that is, happy times with friends.

Question 8.
Laurie has
(i) _________
(ii) _________
(iii) _________
He doesn’t have
(i) __________
(ii) _________
(iii) _________
Answer:
Laurie
(i) a rich house filled with loneliness,
(ii) a kind but indifferent grandpa,
(iii) half a dozen servants and a tutor Mr. Brooke,

He doesn’t have
(i) his mother.
(ii) friends and companions,
(iii) any one to go out with.

Question 9.
Describe the effect of Laurie’s words on Jo.
Answer:
Jo started talking with Laurie frankly. Her words had lots of positive effects on Laurie as he was longing for exactly those things which Jo mentioned. For their first meeting, Jo was a bit blunt but Laurie liked her bluntness since he could recognize Jo’s sincerity and kindness hidden in those words. He started feeling comfortable in Jo’s company and enjoyed every bit of humorous description of Aunt March.

Question 10.
Find out what ‘good breeding’ means.
Answer:
‘Good breeding’ means that a person is well-behaved, polite, cultured and refined, which are the results of his upbringing, training as well as family atmosphere.

Question 11.
List some of the things that you need in order to be happy.
Answer:
Things that I need in order to be happy are –
(i) a supportive family and dependable friends.
(ii) hobbies to occupy myself during my free time.
(iii) a healthy life for me as well as my family members.
(iv) sufficient money earned from a satisfying career.

Question 12.
“A fellow can’t live on books” – Explain.
Answer:
A fellow, of course, cannot live on books though books are his emotional suppdrt and in many ways, his best friend. But he also needs someone, a companion, with whom he can share his feelings, fulfill his curiosities, have fun, etc. Human contact is a necessity in a person’s life since a few words, an exchange of ideas collected from the books can work wonders giving immense pleasure.

Question 13.
List the things that Jo notices in the portrait.
Answer:

The gentleman in the portrait is not as handsome as her own grandfather.
Though the gentleman is having a grim face, his kind eyes assure that there is nothing to be afraid of him.
From his looks, it appears that he has tremendous will-power.

Question 14.
Find out the reason for Jo’s dismay.
Answer:
Jo loudly expressed her opinions on Laurie’s grandfather, while looking at his portrait. When she came to know that the gentleman had heard all her comments, she felt embarrassed. She felt uncomfortable to face the old gentleman and felt like running away.

Question 15.
Complete the sentence.
Answer:
In spite of Jo’s apprehensions, Grandpa is –

having kinder eyes than what the painting shows.
having a shy twinkle in his eyes which could lessen Jo’s fear.
quite a friendly gentleman.

Question 16.
Discuss what Jo meant by –
(i) “only trying to be neighborly, Sir.”
(ii) seems a little lonely.
(iii) splendid Christmas present.
Answer:
(i) By saying, only trying to be neighborly, Sir”. Jo means she just wanted to be friendly with Laurie as he was her neighbor. She strongly felt that neighbors should know each other well.
(ii) Jo had observed Laurie now and again and she felt Laurie badly needed company since he always eagerly looked at his neighbors as if he was missing the fun they were having. To her, he appeared to be a lonely boy longing for enjoyment with friends.
(iii) Jo remembered the beautiful Christmas present that was sent to the March family by their neighbor Mr. Laurence and she felt it was a nice gesture by their neighbor.

Question 17.
Guess the meaning of the phrase “go on being neighborly” in the context.
Answer:
The phrase “go on being neighborly” in the context of the story means being friendly and helpful to the people living in one’s neighborhood.

Question 18.
Bring out the contrast in the lives of Jo and Laurie in a few lines.
Answer:
Jo belonged to a happy family who according to Laurie, had always good times together. Laurie was hungry to have company of friends and was a lonely boy. Jo had a loving mother who used to take care of her children but, Laurie was a motherless child who badly missed his mother. Jo was frank and innocent as any child of her age, whereas, Laurie’s loneliness was sickening for him.

Question 19.
I’m happy as a cricket here. (Name and explain the figure of speech)
Answer:
Simile. The happiness of Jo is directly compared to the happiness of the insect cricket.

Question 20.
Guess the meaning of the word ‘affair’ in the context.
Answer:
The word ‘affair’ in the context means ‘responsibility/matter’.

Comprehension:

Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

Global Understanding:

Question 1.
Complete the table.
The traits of Jo and Laurie are jumbled. Sort them out and write them in appropriate columns.
(companionless, adventurous, empathetic, unenergetic) (Answers are given directly)
Answer:

Jo	Laurie
adventurous	companionless
empathetic	unenergetic

Question 2.
Pick up the statements which confirm the theme of this passage.
(a) This passage is about Jo’s family not putting down the curtain.
(b) This passage is about Jo’s confirmation about Laurie’s loneliness.
(c) This passage is about Laurie’s habit of peeping at Jo’s family.
(d) This passage brings out the contrast in the lives of Jo and Laurie.
Answer:
(b) This passage is about Jo’s confirmation about Laurie’s loneliness.
(d) This passage brings out the contrast in the lives of Jo and Laurie.

Question 3.
Complete the sentences in column ‘A’ by matching them with the clues in column ‘B’

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Laurie inspite of being inquisitive asked no questions as ____________ .	(a) Laurie seldom laughed aloud
2. Maid was surprised as ____________ .	(b) That indicated his good breeding
3. Jo was elated ____________ .	(c) As she was successful in making Laurie laugh
4. Jo found happiness in ____________ .	(d) Reading books

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Laurie inspite of being inquisitive asked no questions as ____________ .	(a) That indicated his good breeding
2. Maid was surprised as ____________ .	(b) Laurie seldom laughed aloud
3. Jo was elated ____________ .	(c) Reading books
4. Jo found happiness in ____________ .	(d) As she was successful in making Laurie laugh

Question 4.
Complete the following statement with four correct information from the extract.
Jo felt Laurie needs cheering up because:

________
________
________
________

Answer:

He seemed lonely
she was being neighborly
She was social and empathetic
Laurie looked expectantly at the sisters as they bad good time.

Complex Factual:

Question 1.
What were Jo’s queries to Laurie when they had talked for the first time?
Answer:
Jo wanted to know whether Laurie was sick, how he amused himself, his liking for books and if he had any visitor or not.

Question 2.
Mention any two outcomes of Jo’s visit to Laurie’s place.
Answer:
Jo’s visit made Laurie excited in the expectation of getting a companion which he never had. It also helped him to come out of his shyness and converse with Jo freely.

Question 3.
What was Jo’s suggestion to do away with Laurie’s loneliness.
Answer:
Jo assured Laurie that the curtain at her place would never be drawn so that Laurie can spend time looking at their activities. She also suggested that Laurie could come to their home and get himself entertained by. all the members of her family.

Question 4.
Why was Laurie’s grandfather impressed with Jo?
Answer:
Laurie’s grandfather was impressed by Jo’s spirited answers like her grandfather. He also appreciated that she was brave and honest as her grandfather was.

Question 5.
Mention any four changes that occurred in grandfather after meeting Jo.
Answer:

Grandfather shed his strict countenance.
He invited Jo to come over for tea.
He promised to come over to meet Jo’s mother.
He offered Jo his arm with old fashioned courtesy (indicating his gratitude for her neighborly arrival)

Inference / Interpretation / Analysis:

Question 1.
Complete the following statement.
Jo wanted to help Laurie because –
Answer:
Jo wanted to help Laurie because Laurie was unwell and he felt lonely as he had no one of his age at home. He deserved to have fun.
OR
Give reasons
“The big eyes brightened and the mouth began to smile”.
Answer:
The brightness in the eyes of Laurie and his smiling face are proofs of his happiness of having a possible friendship with Jo. When Jo threw snowballs at Laurie, he could feel Jo’s eagerness to talk to him. His loneliness has always made him unhappy and this gesture of Jo is a welcome change for him.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentence Mr. Laurie was a Tittle gentleman’ as …
Answer:
Mr. Laurie was a Tittle gentlemen’ because he was known for offering due respect to the guest who was coming to his place. He prepared himself decently by brushing his pate, pulling on a fresh set of clothing and making an attempt to clean his room. He followed the same routine for Jo’s arrival to his house also.

Question 3.
Point out the reason for Laurie’s minute observation of Jo’s family.
Answer:
Laurie spent his lonely time looking at the fun Jo’s family was having. He enjoyed watching each member of the family eagerly as he missed all those good times at his own home. He did not have his mother and he loved these girls in the company of their mother.

Question 4.
Mention the impact of Jo’s narratives on Laurie –
1. …………….
2. ……………..
Answer:
1. Laurie enjoyed her narrative immensely and he laughed out aloud.
2. He found a sudden merriment in otherwise dull mood owing to his illness.

Question 5.
Jo wasn’t scared of Laurie’s grandfather. Give evidence from the passage quoted to you.
Answer:
Jo was a bold girl who spoke her mind when it was needed. As she looked at Mr. Laurence’s portrait she found his eyes to be kind and grew fond of him instantly. She found him to be compassionate as she spoke to him and was confident that there was nothing to be scared of that gentleman.

Question 6.
Complete the boxes with information.

Answer:

Personal Response:

Question 1.
“Girls are quiet and like to play nurse”. Do you Agree or Disagree? Justify your answer.
Answer:
I do not agree to the statement. There is no hard and fast rule about this impression about girls. There may be many boys who are very quiet and also good at nursing. It depends on the nature of a person whether he/ she is quiet, or noisy or talkative. The ability to nurse somebody is also dependant on the ability of a person irrespective of any gender.

Question 2.
Enlist the gifts that you receive from or give to your friends,
Answer:

Books
Wind Chimes
Coffee mugs
Photo frames

Question 3.
Give your suggestions in two sentences. How you will cheer up one of your lonely classmates.
Answer:
I can cheer up my lonely classmate by giving him/her company and involving in some activities together. We can sit together in the classroom, share our tiffins and invite him/her at my place on holidays.

Question 4.
What are you afraid of? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Generally I am not afraid of anything and a carefree type of person. But sometimes I worry about the loss of my near and dear ones as I am very attached to my family and friends.

Question 5.
What do you fear the most? why?
Answer:
As a student I fear examination especially the public exams as they decide the future course of action. There is always an element of uncertainty which brings in fear for exams among students.

Question 6.
How do you help your neighbor?
Answer:
I help my neighbor by making myself available when they need me. I also extend courtesy calls when I meet them.

Language Study:

Question (i)
The idea amused Jo who liked to do daring things
Answer:
Jo liked to do daring things and the idea amused her.

Question (ii)
The boy is suffering for society.
Answer:
The boy has been suffering for society.

Question (iii)
What a cozy room this is! (Rewrite as a statement)
Answer:
This room is indeed very cozy.

Question (iv)
Laurie forgot his bashfulness and grew sociable. (Remove ‘and’ to make it a simple sentence)
Answer:
Forgetting his bashfulness Laurie grew sociable.

Question (v)
Her face was very friendly and her sharp voice unusually gentle.
(Use ‘not only but also’ and rewrite)
Answer:
Her face was not only very friendly but her sharp voice was unusually gentle also.

Question (vi)
She had been so simply taught that there was no nonsense in her head. (Use ‘too’)
Answer:
She had been too simply taught to have any nonsense in her head.

Question (vii)
Laurie enjoyed that immensely. (Use ‘enjoyment’and rewrite)
Answer:
Laurie’s enjoyment at that was immense.

Question (vii)
Jo liked his good breeding. (Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined part as an answer)
Answer:
What did Jo like in him?

Question (viii)
For a minute a wild desire to run away possessed her. (Change the voice)
Answer:
For a minute she was possessed by a wild desire to run away.

Question (ix)
He isn’t as handsome as my grandfather, but I like him. (Use ‘Though’)
Answer:
Though he isn’t as handsome as my grandfather, I like him.

Question (x)
He seems a little lonely. (Frame a question to get the underlined part as answer)
Answer:
How does he seem?

Question (xi)
I shall come and see your mother. (Use a modal auxiliary showing ‘obligation’)
Answer:
I must come and see your mother.

Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’.
Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. queer	(a) bold
2. dismal	(b) frail
3. daring	(c) unusual
4. weak	(d) dull

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. queer	(c) unusual
2. dismal	(d) dull
3. daring	(a) bold
4. weak	(b) frail

Question 2.
Mention any 4 adjectives that describe the traits of Jo’s character in the extract.
Answer:
Character
Jo

Adjectives

Cheerful
Empathetic
Sociable
Kind

Question 3.
Give antonyms of the following words,

rude
splendid
funny
frank

Answer:

polite
ordinary
serious

Question 4.
Give antonyms of the following using prefix.
Answer:
1. interesting × uninteresting
2. afraid × unafraid

Question 5.
Give one word for:
Answer:

of a voice: low and rough – Gruff
Lacking courage – Cowardly
unpleasant – Dreadful
very large or great – Tremendous

Glossary:

shovel – spade
mischievous – naughty
to doze – to sleep lightly
groves – group of trees
hedge – row of bushes
shabby – broken down/dilapidated
stately – grand
mansion – big house
betokening – a sign of something
glimpses – brief/faint looks
frolicked – played fun games
enchanted – attractive/ fascinating
splendors – richness / luxury
behold – look/see
scandalizing – shocking /disgusting
queer – odd/unusual/funny
dismal – dull row – noise
flutter – tremendous/full of
pate – head
parlor – sitting room
briskly – quickly
comforting – soothing
sociable – friendly
cozy – comfortable
hearth – floor of fireplace
whisked – removed
beckoned – called
twitching – shivering
splendid – grand/superb
bother- trouble/nuisance
acquainted – be familiar
blunt – frank/straightforward
fidgety – restless
poodle – a bread of dog
immensely – vastly/very much
tweaked – pulled
elated – delighted
trifle – little
quaint – old-fashioned /unusual/attractive
velour – woven fabric
grim – ill-tempered/stern
gruff – rough
cowardly – fearful
twinkle – shining
dreadful – terrible
courtesy – politeness
colored up – embarrassed
to wait on – act as an attendant to
pranced – walked in an energetic way
wicked – playfully mischievous
affair – matter/responsibility
good breeding – being raised well/ the result of good upbringing and training for good manners.

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Biology Class 11 Chapter 3 Exercise Solutions

1. Choose the correct option.

Question (A)
Which is the dominant phase in Pteridophytes?
(a) Capsule
(b) Gametophyte
(c) Sporophyte
(d) Embryo
Answer:
(c) Sporophyte

Question (B)
The tallest living gymnosperm among the following is
(a) Sequoia sempervirens
(b) Taxodium mucronatum
(c) Zamia pygmaea
(d) Ginkgo biloba
Answer:
(a) Sequoia sempervirens

Question (C)
In Bryophytes
(a) sporophyte and gametophyte generation are independent
(b) sporophyte is partially dependent upon gametophyte
(c) gametophyte is dependent upon sporophyte
(d) inconspicuous gametophyte
Answer:
(b) sporophyte is partially dependent upon gametophyte

Question (D)
A characteristic of Angiosperm is
(a) Collateral vascular bundles
(b) Radial vascular bundles
(c) Seed formation
(d) Double fertilization
Answer:
(d) Double fertilization

Question (E)
Angiosperms differ from gymnosperms in having
(a) Vessels in wood
(b) Mode of nutrition
(c) Siphonogamy
(d) Enclosed seed
Answer:
Both (a) Monocotyledons and (d) Enclosed seed

Question 2.
How you place the pea, jowar and fern at its proper systematic position? Draw a flow chart.
Answer:

Question 3.
Complete the following table.

Groups of algae	Chlorophyceae	Phaeophyccac	Rhodophyceae
1. Stored food	Starch
2. Cell wall	—	Cellulose and algin
3. Major pigments	—		Chl-a, d and phycoerythrin

Answer:

Groups of algae	Chlorophyceae	Phaeophyccac	Rhodophyceae
1. Stored food	Starch	Mannitol, laminarin	Floridean starch
2. Cell wall	Cellulose	Cellulose and algin	Cellulose, pectin
3. Major pigments	Chl-a, b	Chl-a, c, fucoxanthin	Chl-a, d and phycoerythrin

Question 4.
Differentiate between Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledonae based on the following characters:
a. Type of roots
b. Venation in the leaves
c. Symmetry of flower
Answer:

Characters	Dicotyledonae	Monocotyledonae
1. Type of roots	Taproots	Fibrous roots
2. Venation in the leaves	Reticulate venation	Parallel venation
3. Symmetry of flower	Tetramerous or Pentamerous symmetry	Trimerous symmetry

Characters Dicotyledonae Monocotyledonae
1. Type of roots Tap roots Fibrous roots
2. V enation in the leaves Reticulate venation Parallel venation
3. Symmetry of flower Tetramerous or Pentamerous symmetry Trimerous symmetry

5. Answer the following questions.

Question (A)
We observe that land becomes barren soon after monsoon. But in the next monsoon it flourishes again with varieties we observed in season earlier. How you think it takes place?
Answer:

After monsoon, plants like mosses (bryophytes), ferns (pteridophytes), small herbaceous plants, etc become dry, due to which land becomes barren.
However, spores of bryophytes, pteridophytes and seeds of herbaceous plants, grass remain in barren land.
During next monsoon, these spores and seeds germinate due to availability of water and other favourable conditions.
Bryophytes and pteridophytes require water for reproduction. Hence they flourish during monsoon season.
Along with bryophytes and pteridophytes varieties of higher plants like grasses, some seasonal herbs or shrubs grow on barren land during monsoon due to favourable conditions.

Question (B)
Fern is a vascular plant. Yet it is not considered a Phanerogams. Why?
Answer:

Fern belongs to sub-kingdom Cryptogamae.
Cryptogams produce spores but do not produce seeds.
Also, in cryptogams the sex organs are concealed.
Phanerogams are seed producing plants and their sex organs are visible.
Hence, fern is a vascular plant. Yet it is not considered a Phanerogams.

Question (C)
Chlamydomonas is microscopic whereas Sargassum is macroscopic; both are algae. Which characters of these plants includes them in one group?
Answer:

Both Chlamydomonas and Sargassum belong to division Thallophyta.
Members of Thallophyta range from unicellular (e.g. Chlamydomonas) to multicellular (e.g. Sargassum).
Both are aquatic plants containing photosynthetic pigments.
In both Chlamydomonas and Sargassum plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
The stored food is mainly in the form of starch and its other forms.
Cell wall is made up of cellulose and other components. Due to these characters, both Chlamydomonas and Sargassum are included in one group i.e. Thallophyta.

Question 6.
Girth of a maize plant does not increase over a period of time. Justify.
Answer:

Maize plant belongs to class monocotyledonae.
In monocotyledonous plants, vascular bundles are closed type.
Thus, cambium is absent between xylem and phloem, due to which secondary growth does not occur in these plants.
Increase in girth of a stem occurs by secondary growth. Thus, girth of a maize plant does not increase over a period of time.

Question 7.
Radha observed a plant in rainy season on the compound wall of her school. The plant did not have true roots but root like structures were present. Vascular tissue was absent. To which group the plant may belong?
Answer:
The plant observed by Radha belongs may belong to division Bryophyta, as it shows root like structures i.e. rhizoids and absence of vascular tissue.

8. Draw neat labelled diagrams

Question 1.
Draw neat and labelled diagram of:
(A) Spirogyra
(B) Chlamydomonas
Answer:

Question (C)
Draw neat and labelled diagram of Funaria.
Answer:

Question (D)
Draw neat and labelled diagram of Nephrolepis.
Answer:

[Note: Frond: Fern leaf, originating from rhizome. It consists of blade and petiole, Blade: Main part of the frond which is rich in chlorophyll]

Question (E)
Draw neat and labelled diagram of Haplontic and Haplo-diplontic life cycle.
Answer:

Question 9.
Identify the plant groups on the basis of following features:
A. Seed producing plants
B. Spore producing plants
C. Plant body undifferentiated into root, stem and leaves
D. Plant needs water for fertilization
E. First vascular plants
Answer:
1. Phanerogams (Angiospermae and Gymnospermae)
2. Cryptogams (Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta)
3. Thallophyta, Bryophyta
4. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta
5. Pteridophytes

Practical/Project:

Question 1.
Study the Nephrolepis plant in detail.
Answer:

Nephrolepis belongs to division pteridophyta.
They grow abundantly in cool, shady, moist places.
Roots are adventitious (fibrous) growing from the underground stem.
Leaves are well developed on the stem (Rhizome).
They show presence of well-developed conducting system for transportation of water and food.
They reproduce asexually by spores produced within sporangia, which are present in sori. These sori are located along the posterior surface of leaflets.
These plants have neither fruits nor flowers.
Some ferms are used as food, medicine or as ornamental plants.

Question 2.
Study the coralloid roots, scale leaf and megasporophyll of Cycas in detail.
Answer:
1. Coralloid roots of Cycas:
Coralloid roots of Cycas show association with blue green algae for nitrogen fixation.
Coralloid roots are coral-like, dichotomously branched and fleshy. They grow upward toward the surface of the soil. These roots arise from the lateral branches of normal roots.
2. Scale leaf of Cycas:
In Cycas leaves are dimorphic i.e. foliage leaves and scale leaves. Scale leaves are minute, membranous and brown. These are non- photosynthetic and provide protection to the stem apex.
3. Megasporophyll of Cycas:
Megasporophylls are usually arranged in compact structures called female cones or female strobili. Megasporophyll contains megasporangia (ovule) which produce megaspores.
[Students are expected to collect more information about coralloid roots, scale leaf and megasporophyll of Cycas.]

Question 10.
Observe the following diagram. Correct it and write the information in your words.

Answer:

The given figure indicates alternation of generation.
The life cycle of a plant includes two generations, sporophytic (diploid = 2n) and gametophytic (haploid = n)
Some special diploid cells of sporophyte divide by meiosis to produce haploid cells.
These haploid cells divide mitotically to produce gametophyte.
On maturation, gametophyte produces male and female gametes which fuse during fertilization and produce diploid zygote.
Diploid zygote divides by mitosis and forms diploid sporophyte.

11th Biology Digest Chapter 3 Kingdom Plantae Intext Questions and Answers

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 19)

Why do we call plants as producers on land?
Answer:
Plants can prepare their own food by the process of photosynthesis. Hence, they are called as producers on land.

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 19)

What are differences between sub-kingdoms cryptogamae and Phanerogamae?
Answer:

Cryptogamae	Phanerogamae
1. Plants belonging to this sub-kingdom are nonflowering.	Plants belonging to this sub-kingdom are flowering.
2. Sex organs are concealed.	Sex organs are visible.
3. These plants do not produce seeds.	These plants produce fruits and seeds.
4. An ovule is not formed.	An ovule is formed.
5. It is further divided into three divisions, viz.	It is further divided into two divisions, viz.
6. Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta.	Gymnospermae and Angiospermae.

Observe and Discuss (Textbook Page No. 19)

Collect different water samples of fresh water. Mount them on a glass slide and observe under a compound microscope. Try to identify the organisms which are visible under it.
Answer:
Micro-organisms like Paramoecium, Amoeba, blue-green algae, unicellular algae, filamentous algae can be observed under compound microscope.
[Students are expected to observe different water samples of fresh water under compound microscope and identify the organisms.]

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 21)

Give salient features of algae.
Answer:
Algae belongs to division Thallophyta.
Salient features of algae:
1. Habitat: Algae are mostly aquatic, few grow on other plants as epiphytes and some grow symbiotically. Some algae are epizoic i.e. growing or living non-parasitically on the exterior of living organisms.
Aquatic algae grow in marine or fresh water. Most of them are free-living while some are symbiotic.

2. Structure: Plant body is thalloid i.e. undifferentiated into root, stem and leaves. They may be small, unicellular, microscopic like Cblorella (non-motile), Chlamydomonas (motile). They can be multicellular, unbranched, filamentous like Spirogyra or branched and filamentous like Chara. Sargassum is a huge macroscopic sea weed which measures more than 60 meters in length.

3. Cell wall: The algal cell wall contains either polysaccharides like cellulose / glucose or a variety of proteins or both.
Reserve food material: Reserve food is in the form of starch and its other forms.

4. Photosynthetic pigments: Photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll – a, chlorophyll – b, chlorophyll – c, chlorophyll – d, carotenes, xanthophylls, phycobilins are found in algae.

5. Reproduction: Reproduction takes place by vegetative, asexual and sexual method.

6. Life cycle: The life cycle shows phenomenon of alternation of generation, dominant haploid and reduced diploid phases.

Internet my friend (Textbook Page No. 20)

Write different pigments found in algae.
Answer:
Various types of photosynthetic pigments are found in algae.
1. Chlorophyll-a (Essential photosynthetic pigment) is present in all groups of algae.
2. The accessory pigments are chlorophyll-b, chlorophyll-c, chlorophyll-d, carotenes, xanthophylls and phycobilins. Phycobilins are of two types, i.e. phycocyanin and phycoerythrin.
[Students are expected to collect more information about pigments found in algae from internet.]

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 21)

Name the accessory pigments of algae.
Answer:
The accessory pigments are chlorophyll-b, chlorophyll-c, chlorophyll-d, carotenes, xanthophylls and phycobilins. Phycobilins are of two types, i.e. phycocyanin and phycoerythrin.
[Students are expected to collect more information about pigments found in algae from internet.]

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 21)

Differentiate between Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae.
Answer:

Chlorophyceae (Green algae)	Phaeophyceae (Brown algae)
1. Photosynthetic pigments are chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b.	Photosynthetic pigments are chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-c and fucoxanthin.
2. Reserve food is in the form of starch.	Reserve food is mannitol and laminarin.
3. e.g. Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Chara, I Volvox, Ulothrix	Ectocarpus, Sargassum, Fucus, Laminaria, etc.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No.21)

Enlist examples of Chlorophyceae and Rhodophvceae.
Answer:
1. Examples of Chlorophyceae:
Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Char a, Volvox, Ulothrix, etc.
2. Examples of Rhodophyceae:
Chondrus, Batrachospermum, Porphyra, Gelidium, Gracillaria, Polysiphonia, etc.

Internet my friend (Textbook Page No. 21)

Different forms of green, red, brown and blue green algae.
Answer:
1. Forms of green algae:
Unicellular motile: e.g. Chlamydomonas Unicellular non-motile: E.g. Chlorella Colonial forms: e.g. Volvox Filamentous branched: e.g. Cladophora, Chara Filamentous unbranched: e.g. Ulothrix, Spirogyra

2. Forms of red algae:
The red thalli of most of the red algae are multicellular, macroscopic, e.g. Gracilaria, Gelidium, Porphyra, Polysiphonia, etc. .

3. Forms of brown algae:
Simple, branched and filamentous: Sargassum, Fucus, Ectocarpus Profusely branched: Laminaria, Dictyota, Kelps (Seaweed)

4. Forms of blue-green algae:
Unicellular, colonial or filamentous, freshwater or marine water or terrestrial algae.
[Note: Blue-green algae are cyanobacteria which are photosynthetic autotrophs.]
[Students are expected to collect more information from internet.]

Internet my friend (Textbook Page No. 20)
Enlist the forms of filamentous algae.
Answer: The forms of filamentous algae:
1. Filamentous branched: e.g. Cladophora, Chara, Ectocarpus, Dictyota, etc.
2. Filamentous unbranched: e.g. Ulothrix, Spirogyra, etc.

Internet my friend (Textbook Page No. 21)

Economic importance of algae.
Answer:
(a) Many species of algae are used as food. For e.g. Chlorella (rich in cell proteins hence used as food supplement, even by space travelers), Sargassum, Laminaria, Porphyra, etc.
(b) Alginic acid is produced commercially from Kelps.
(c) Hydrocolloids like algin and carrageen are obtained from brown algae and red algae respectively.
(d) ‘Agar’ which is used as solidifying agent in tissue culture is obtained from red algae like Gelidium and Gracilaria.
(e) Brown algae like sea weeds are used a fodder for sheep, goat, etc.
[Students are expected to collect more information about the economic importance of algae.]
(f) Role of algae in environment.
Answer:
(a) Being photosynthetic, algae help in increasing the level of dissolved oxygen in their immediate environment.
(b) Algae are primary producers of energy rich compounds which forms the basis of food cycles in aquatic animals.
[Students are expected to find out more information about the role of algae in environment on internet.]

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 19)

Differentiate between Thallophytes and Bryophytes.
Answer:

Thallophytes	Bryophytes
1. Mostly aquatic in habitat.	Mostly terrestrial, occurs on moist and shady places.
2. Thallus may be unicellular or multicellular.	Thallus is multicellular.
3. Motile and non-motile forms are present.	Non-motile forms present, except male gametes.
4. Rhizoids are absent.	Rhizoids are present.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 23)

Why Bryophyta are called amphibians of Plant Kingdom?
Answer:
Members of Bryophyta are mostly terrestrial plants which depend on water for fertilization and completion of their life cycle. Hence, they are called ‘amphibians of Plant Kingdom’.

Observe and Discuss (Textbook Page No. 21)

You may have seen Funaria plant in rainy season. Why is it called amphibious plant?
Answer:
Funaria belongs to division Bryophyta.
It is a terrestrial plant but requires water for fertilization and completion of its life cycle. Hence, it is called as an amphibious plant.

Observe and Discuss (Textbook Page No. 23)

You may have seen the various plants which do not bear flowers, fruits and seeds but they have well developed root, stem and leaves. Discuss.
Answer:
1. The plants which do not bear flowers, fruits and seeds, but have true roots, stem and leaves belong to division Pteridophyta.
2. These plants are cryptogams as they do not produce seeds and flowers.
3. They have primitive conducting system.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 23)

Pteridophytes are also known as vascular Cryptogams – Justify.
Answer:
1. The reproductive organs of pteridophytes are hidden.
2. Pteridophytes do not produce flowers, fruits and seeds. They reproduce asexually by forming spores and sexually by forming gametes, hence they belong to Cryptogamae.
3. These plants possess a primitive conducting system. Thus, conduction of water and food occurs through vascular tissue.
Hence, Pteridophytes are also known as vascular Cryptogams.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 23)

Give one example of aquatic and xerophytic Pteridophytes.
Answer:
Habitat: Pteridophytes grow in moist and shady places, e.g. Ferns, Horsetail. Some are aquatic (Azolla, Marsilea), xerophytic (Equisetum) and epiphytic (Lycopodium).

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 19)

Give any two examples of Pteridophyta.
Answer:
Nephrolepis, Selaginella, Azolla, Marsilea, Equisetum, Lycopodium, Psilotum, Dryopteris, Pteris, Adiantum.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 25)

Give general characters of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Answer:
1. General characters of Gymnosperms:
(a) Types: Most of the gymnosperms are evergreen, shrubs or woody trees.
(b) Vascular tissues: They are vascular plants having xylem with tracheids and phloem with sieve cells.
(c) Flower: These are primitive group of flowering plants producing naked seeds.
(d) Body: The plant body is sporophyte. It is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
(e) Roots: The root system is tap root type. In some gymnosperms, the roots form symbiotic association with other life forms. Coralloid roots of Cycas show association with blue green algae and roots of Pinus show association with endophytic fungi called mycorrhizae.
(f) Stem: In gymnosperms, stem is mostly erect, aerial, solid and cylindrical. Secondary growth is seen in Gymnosperms due to the presence of cambium. In Cycas it is usually unbranched, while in conifers it is branched, (e.g. Pinus, Cedrus).
(g) Leaves: The leaves are dimorphic. The foliage leaves are green, simple needle like or pinnately compound, whereas scale leaves are small, membranous and brown.
(h) Spores: Spores are produced by microsporophyll (Male) and megasporophyll (Female).

(ii) General characters of angiosperms:
(a) Habitat: Angiosperms is a group of highly evolved plants, primarily adapted to terrestrial habitat.
(b) Alternation of generations: Angiosperms show heteromorphic alternation of generation in which the sporophyte is diploid, dominant, autotrophic and independent. The gametophytes (male or female) are haploid, reduced and concealed.
(c) Spores and Sporophylls: Angiosperms are heterosporous. Microspores (commonly called pollens) are formed in microsporangia (or anthers). They develop in highly specialized microsporophyll or stamens while megaspores are formed in megasporangia (or ovules) borne on highly specialized megasporophyll called carpel.
(d) Flower: Besides the essential whorls of microsporophylls (androecium) and megasporophylls (gynoecium), there are accessory whorls namely, calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals) arranged together to form flowers.

Observe and Discuss (Textbook Page No. 23)

Observe all garden plants like Cycas, Thuja, Pinus, Sunflower, Canna and compare them. Note similarities and dissimilarities among them.
Answer:
1. When we observe garden plants like Cycas, Thuja, Pinus, Sunflower, Canna, following similarities can be observed:
Plant body is divided into root, stem and leaves.
2. When we observe garden plants like Cycas, Thuja, Pinus, Sunflower, Canna, following dissimilarities can be observed:
(a) In Cycas, Thuja and Pinus seeds are not enclosed within a fruit, whereas in Sunflower and Canna seeds are enclosed within a fruit.
(b) Plants like Cycas, Thuja, Pinus show cones bearing microsporophylls and megasporophylls, whereas sunflower and Canna plant bear flowers.
(c) In Cycas, Thuja and Pinus green, simple needle like or pinnately compound foliage leaves and brown, membranous scaly leaves can be observed, whereas in Sunflower, Canna green foliage leaves can be observed.

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 24)

What are the salient features of angiosperms?
Answer:
(ii) General characters of angiosperms:
(a) Habitat: Angiosperms is a group of highly evolved plants, primarily adapted to terrestrial habitat.
(b) Alternation of generations: Angiosperms show heteromorphic alternation of generation in which the sporophyte is diploid, dominant, autotrophic and independent. The gametophytes (male or female) are haploid, reduced and concealed.
(c) Spores and Sporophylls: Angiosperms are heterosporous. Microspores (commonly called pollens) are formed in microsporangia (or anthers). They develop in highly specialized microsporophyll or stamens while megaspores are formed in megasporangia (or ovules) borne on highly specialized megasporophyll called carpel.
(d) Flower: Besides the essential whorls of microsporophylls (androecium) and megasporophylls (gynoecium), there are accessory whorls namely, calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals) arranged together to form flowers.

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 24)

What is double fertilization?
Answer:
(a) Double fertilization is a characteristic feature of angiosperms.
(b) In this process one male gamete fuses with egg cell and another male gamete fuses with secondary nucleus, to form an embryo and endosperm respectively.

Can you recall? (Textbook Page No. 24)

Explain in brief the two classes of Angiosperms? Draw and label one example of each class.
Answer:
Two classes of Angiosperms are Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledonae.
а. Dicotyledonae:

These plants have two cotyledons in their embryo.
They have a tap root system and the stem is branched.
Leaves show reticulate venation.
Flowers show tetramerous or pentamerous symmetry.
Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open type.
Cambium is present between xylem and phloem for secondary growth.
In dicots, secondary growth is commonly found. e. g. Helianthus annuus (Sunflower)

b. Monocotyledonae:

These plants have single cotyledon in their embryo.
They have adventitious root system and stem is rarely branched.
Leaves generally have sheathing leaf base and parallel venation.
Flowers show trimerous symmetry.
The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and closed type.
Cambium is absent between xylem and phloem.
In Monocots, except few plants secondary growth is absent, e.g. Zea mays (Maize)

Try This (Textbook Page No. 24)

Study the leaves of Hibiscus, Peepal, Canna, Grass and Tulsi. Classify them as Monocot and Dicot.
Answer:

Monocot leaves	Dicot leaves
Canna. Grass (Parallel venation)	Hibiscus, Peepal, Tulsi (Reticulate venation)

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 25)

(i) Distinguish between Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledonae.
Answer:
Spores and Sporophylls: Angiosperms are heterosporous. Microspores (commonly called pollens) are formed in microsporangia (or anthers). They develop in highly specialized microsporophyll or stamens while megaspores are formed in megasporangia (or ovules) borne on highly specialized megasporophyll called carpel.

(ii) Why do Dicots show secondary growth while Monocots don’t?
Answer:
(a) In dicots, vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open type. Cambium is present between xylem and phloem for secondary growth.
(b) Whereas in monocots, vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and closed type. Thus, due to absence of cambium, secondary growth does not occur in majority of monocots.

Observe and Discuss (Textbook Page No. 23)

Which differences did you notice between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms?
Answer:

Gymnosperms	Angiosperms
1. In gymnosperms, the seeds arc naked.	In angiosperms, the seeds are enclosed within the fruit.
2. Plants are evergreen, shrubs or woody trees.	Plants are annual, biennial or perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, either woody or herbaceous.
3. Xylem is made up of tracheids only.	Xylem is made up of vessels and tracheids.
4. Phloem is with sieve cells only.	Phloem is with sieve tubes and companion cells.
5. Usually two types of leaves are present, i.e. green foliage leaves and scale leaves.	Leaves are of usually one type only, such as green foliage leaves.
6. Double fertilization absent.	Double fertilization occurs.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 26)

What is alternation of generations?
Answer:
The sporophytic and gametophytic generations generally occur alternately in the life cycle of a plant. This phenomenon is called alternation of generations.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 26)

Which phase is dominant in the life cycle of Bryophyta and Pteridophyta?
Answer:
In the life cycle of Bryophyta, gametophyte is the dominant phase whereas in the life cycle of Pteridophyta, sporophyte is the dominant phase.

11th Std Biology Questions And Answers: