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Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 3.3 The Last Leaf Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions, and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 3.3 The Last Leaf

Class 8 English Chapter 3.3 The Last Leaf Textbook Questions and Answers

3.3 The Last Leaf Warming Up:

1. Suppose you suffer from a long – term illness (one or two weeks), what should you do and what should you avoid? Fill up the table of Do’s and Don’ts:

Do’s	Don’ts
(1) Go to a doctor for a diagnosis.	(1) Do not …………..
(2) …………	(2) Do not avoid medication on time.
(3) Take a suitable diet.	(3) Avoid …………..
(4) Take rest.	(4) Avoid physical stress and exertion.
(5) Rest in a properly ventilated room.	(5) Do not …………….
(6) Have cheerful thoughts, courage, a positive attitude.	(6) Do not lose …….. and ………….

Answer:

Do’s	Don’ts
(1) Go to a doctor for diagnosis.	(1) Do not try any medication on your own.
(2) Take medicines on time.	(2) Do not avoid medication on time.
(3) Take a suitable diet.	(3) Avoid junk food.
(4) Take rest.	(4) Avoid physical stress and exertion.
(5) Rest in a properly ventilated room.	(5) Do not close doors and windows.
(6) Have cheerful thoughts, courage, a positive attitude.	(6) Do not lose hope and courage.

2. You already know that Homophones are pairs of words that sound the same but differ in spellings and meanings:
For example sum and some
There are some words that even have the same spelling and pronunciations, but have different meanings in different situations or contexts.
For example: bat (a bird) and ki (sports / games equipment)
Such words are called Homographs.
Make pairs of sentences of your own to point out the different meanings of the following Homographs

The Last Leaf Class 8 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board Question 1.
fine:
Answer:
(i) The new driver had to pay a fine for breaking the signal.
(ii) We decided to go for a picnic only if the day was fine.

The Last Leaf Class 8 Questions And Answers Question 2.
wave:
Answer:
(i) Ronny waved to his father before going for the picnic.
(ii) The waves in the sea before the tsunami were huge.

The Last Leaf Question Answer Class 8 Question 3.
bear:
Answer:
(i) The grizzly bear hibernates during winter.
(ii) Simi could not bear to see the two cats fighting.

3.3 The Last Leaf Question 4.
rose:
Answer:
(i) The rose is a beautiful flower.
(ii) The teacher rose from her chair to explain the sum.

3.3 The Last Leaf Questions And Answers Question 5.
lead:
Answer:
(i) Lead is used in pencils.
(ii) A good king leads his country to prosperity.

Class 8 English Chapter 3.3 The Last Leaf Question Answer Question 6.
match:
Answer:
(i) Though we lost the match, we were not upset,
(ii) “Buy the shoes only if they match the dress,” said mother to Madhu.

The Last Leaf Class 8 Questions And Answers Pdf Question 7.
second:
Answer:
(i) Every second counts when we are writing an examination paper.
(ii) “Take the second turn on the right,” directed the policeman.

The Last Leaf 8th Standard Question 8.
object:
Answer:
(i) The lawyer objected to what the witness said.
(ii) The objects on the table were taken away before the girl could see them properly.

1. Read the story and choose the appropriate meanings:

Question a.
Struggling artists:
(i) artists fighting with one another
(ii) artists trying hard to earn a living
(iii) artists painting war scenes
Answer:
(ii) artists trying hard to earn a living

Question b.
Skeleton branches:
(i) bones branching out from joints
(ii) leafy branches
(iii) bare branches
Answer:
(iii) bare branches

Question c.
Wielded the brush:
(i) painted skillfully
(ii) broke the brush
(iii) joined the broken brush
Answer:
(i) painted skillfully

Question d.
Palette:
(i) the tip of the brush
(ii) a board used by artists to mix colours
(iii) a fancy dinner plate
Answer:
(ii) a board used by artists to mix colours

Question e.
Masterpiece:
(i) a master who promotes peace
(ii) the very first creation of on artist
(iii) an exceptionally beautiful work of art
Answer:
(iii) an exceptionally beautiful work of art

2. Make pairs of sentences to show the difference between the meanings of the following Homographs from the story:

Question a.
interest
Answer:
(i) The bank promised a high rate of interest to its customers.
(ii) The audience soon lost interest in the boring match.

Question b.
well
Answer:
(i) The well was so deep that one could not see the water.
(ii) The Principal sent Sumeet home as he was not feeling well.

Question c.
left
Answer:
(i) When Roma turned to her left, she saw a long line of taxis.
(ii) The Mayor had left before it begem to rain.

Question d.
just
Answer:
(i) The children had just left when the magician arrived.
(ii) It is the duty of a judge to be just.

Question e.
mind
Answer:
(i) “Mind your language!” said the man to the rude young boy angrily.
(ii) We should try not to have any negative thoughts in our mind.

3. State the facts about the story:

Main characters:
Problem:
Attempts made to solve it:
Climax / Turning point:
Problem solved:
End:
Answer:
Main characters: Sue, Johnsy, the doctor and Behrman
Problem: Johnsy’s negative attitude, her lack of will to live and the fancy that she would die when the last leaf fell from the ivy vine.
Attempts made to solve it: The doctor informed Sue that Johnsy would recover only if she had the wish to live. Sue looked after her well and tried to make her think positively. Finally, Behrman painted a leaf on the wall so that the last leaf would never fall, and Johnsy would live.
Climax/Tuming point:
(i) When Johnsy sees the last leaf still clinging to the vine, and realizes that she has been given a message that she was wicked to want to die.
(ii) The sweeper finding Behrman in very wet clothes and shoes, with scattered brushes and a palette with yellow and green colors mixed on it.
Problem solved: Johnsy realizes her mistake and begins to look forward to life again.
End: Though Johnsy lives, Behrman, who painted the last leaf, contracts pneumonia due to exposure to rain and snow. He dies due to his efforts. He dies so that Johnsy lives.

4. Say whether the following statements are right or wrong:

Question a.
Sue and Johnsy were very close friends.
Answer:
Right

Question b.
Sue was a rich girl.
Answer:
Wrong

Question c.
Johnsy was hopeful that she will live.
Answer:
Wrong

Question d.
Behrman was a hard-hearted person.
Answer:
Wrong

Question e.
The last leaf fell off during the rain.
Answer:
Right

Question f.
Johnsy realized that her thinking was wrong.
Answer:
Right

Question g.
Behrman did not know anything about the last leaf on the ivy.
Answer:
Wrong

5. Correct the following statements:

Question a.
Sue and Johnsy were good neighbours.
Answer:
Sue and Johnsy were very good friends.

Question b.
Johnsy was eager to recover from her illness.
Answer:
Johnsy had made up her mind that she was not going to recover.

Question c.
Sue ignored Johnsy completely.
Answer:
Sue looked after Johnsy well.

Question d.
Behrman was a very heartless person.
Answer:
Behrman was a very kind-hearted person.

Question e.
The real ivy leaf did not fall off at all.
Answer:
The real ivy leaf fell off the night it rained and snowed.

Question f.
The last leaf was a real leaf that survived.
Answer:
The last leaf was a leaf painted on the wall by Behrman.

6. Read the descriptions of the following from the story and describe any one of them using your own words:

Question 1.
The ivy vine
Answer:
Outside the window there was an old ivy vine, gnarled and decayed at the roots. It had climbed half way up the brick wall. It had lost most of its leaves due to the cold autumn. Only a few bare branches were left, clinging to the bricks.

Question 2.
Behrman
Answer:
Behrman was a struggling painter who lived on the ground floor of the building where Sue and Johnsy lived. He was a failure in art, for though he had been painting for forty years, he had not made any money. He always dreamt about painting a masterpiece, and often spoke about it, but had never got round to doing it. He served as a model for the young artists in the colony, who could not afford other models.

He was shocked when he heard about Johnsy’s fancy and thought that the place was not good for her. He was a generous, compassionate and kind- hearted man. Even though he was old, he braved the wind, rain and snow to go out and paint the last leaf on the wall. He died in order that Johnsy could live.

Question 3.
The last leaf that Johnsy saw
Answer:
The last leaf that Johnsy saw was not a real leaf but a leaf painted on the wall by Behrman. It was dark green near its stem, but its edges were tinted with yellow. It hung from a branch some twenty feet above the ground. Naturally it never fluttered or moved when the wind blew. It was Behrman’s masterpiece and had been painted the night when the real last leaf had fallen.

7. You have learnt that a Clause is a group of words that has a Subject and a Verb, and is a part of a larger sentence:
In the sentence, ‘We returned home, when school was over’ there are two clauses.
(i) We returned home and
(ii) When school was over’.
The first one makes complete sense, so it is called Main I Principal Clause. The second one is not complete by itself. It depends on the Main Clause to convey proper sense. So it is called Dependant or Subordinate Clause. ‘When’ is the joining word, and it is called o Subordinator.

In the following sentences, point out the Main Clause and Subordinate Clause. Encircle the Subordinator.

Question a.
There was a colony, where many struggling artists lived.
Answer:
Main Clause: There was a colony
Subordinate Clause: where many struggling artists lived
Subordlnator: where

Question b.
Though Sue looked after her well, Johnsy showed no signs of improvement.
Answer:
Main Clause: Johnsy showed no signs of improvement
Subordinate Clause: Though Sue looked after her very well
Subordlnator: Though

Question c.
Sue thought that she had fallen asleep.
Answer:
Main Clause: Sue thought
Subordinate Clause: that she had fallen asleep
Subordinator: that

Question d.
Old Behrman was a painter, who lived on the ground floor.
Answer:
Main Clause: Old Behrman was a painter
Subordinate Clause: who lived on the ground floor
Subordlnator: who

Question e.
Johnsy was sleeping when the two went upstairs.
Answer:
Main Clause: Johnsy was sleeping
Subordinate Clause: when the two went upstairs
Subordlnator: when

Question f.
I want to see the last one before it falls.
Answer:
Main Clause: I want to see the last one
Subordinate Clause: before It falls
Subordlnator: before

8. Compose an imaginary dialogue between Sue and Johns, when I realise what Behrman had done for Johnsy:
Answer:
Johnsy: Sue, did you know that Mr. Behrman had painted that last leaf?
Sue: No, I knew it just now, too.
Johnsy: Sue, that means that he got wet that night painting the last leaf!
Sue: And got pneumonia after that!
Johnsy: Yes, because of my stupid fancy that I would die when the last leaf fell.
Sue: It certainly was a stupid idea.
Johnsy: I feel so guilty now! Sue, it is as if …. as if …. he died for me!
Sue: Yes, so that you may live.
Johnsy: Oh, what a wonderful, compassionate man! To go out in that cold, wintry, snowy night just to paint that leaf!
Sue: And develop pneumonia ….
Johnsy: What can I do now? How can I ever thank him?
Sue: I know what you can do!
Johnsy: What? What?
Sue: Paint your masterpiece of the Bay of Naples and dedicate it to him.
Johnsy: Yes, I think that’s a good idea.Yes, I’ll do that. Thanks, Sue.

Class 8 English Chapter 3.3 The Last Leaf Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
What did the doctor tell Sue about Johnsy?
Answer:
The doctor told Sue that Johnsy had one chance in ten. That chance was for Johnsy to want to live, and Johnsy had made up her mind that she was not going to get well. He also told Sue that medicines alone would not help if the patient did not want to live.

Question 2.
Describe the ivy vine outside the window.
Answer:
Outside the window, there was an old ivy vine, gnarled and decayed at the roots. It had climbed half way up the brick wall. It had lost most of its leaves due to the cold autumn. Only a few bare branches were left, clinging to the bricks.

Question 3.
Explain the false belief that Johnsy had about the ivy vine.
Answer:
Johnsy felt that when the last leaf fell off from the ivy vine, she too would die.

Question 4.
Who was Behrman? Explain why Sue called Him to their flat.
Answer:
Behrman was a struggling painter who lived on the ground floor of the building where Sue and Johnsy lived. He served as a model for the young artists in the colony. Sue called him to their flat to act as a model for the old man that she was drawing.

Question 5.
What happened that night and what did the two friends see when the window was open?
Answer:
That night it rained and snowed. A fierce wind blew. When the window was open, the two friends saw one ivy leaf still clinging to the vine. It was dark green near the stem, but its edges were tinted with yellow. It hung from a branch some twenty feet above the ground.

Question 6.
What did Johnsy declare when she saw the last ivy leaf?
Answer:
When Johnsy saw the last ivy leaf, she declared that it would fall that day and she would die at the same time.

Question 7.
What change came over Johnsy the next day? Why?
Answer:
Johnsy now felt that she had been wicked earlier and it was a sin to want to die. She wanted to sit up in bed and was ready to have broth and milk. She looked forward to the future and hoped to paint the Bay of Naples some day. It was the sight of the last leaf staying on the vine that was the reason for her change.

Question 8.
Explain what happened to Mr. Behrman.
Answer:
Mr. Behrman had gone out in the rain and snow to paint the last leaf on the wall. He had got thoroughly wet and became ill with pneumonia. He died in a hospital two days later.

Question 9.
Who had saved Johnsy’s life and how?
Answer:
Mr. Behrman had saved Johnsy’s life. He had realized that Johnsy had a fancy that she would die after the last leaf; fell. He wanted to make certain that the last J leaf never fell, and hence he painted a false leaf on the wall. The sight of the persistent leaf, which Johnsy thought was real, made her come to her senses and want to live.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What type of attitude should a person have when he/she is ill?
Answer:
When a person is ill, he/she should have a positive attitude. He/She should have cheerful thoughts and courage and try to keep the mind occupied. Only then will medication help.

Question 2.
Do you think that Johnsy was talking nonsense? Or did she have some forewarning that she would die?
Answer:
I think that Johnsy was talking nonsense. How can the number of leaves on an ivy vine indicate when she was going to die? This is just having negative thoughts when the mind is idle and frightened.

Write who said the given words and to whom:

Question 1.

The words	Who said	To whom
(1) Open the window
(2) She is very ill and weak
(3) I have not heard of such a thing.
(4) It is the last one.

Answer:

The words	Who said	To whom
(1) Open the window	Johnsy	Sue
(2) She is very ill and weak	Sue	Behrman
(3) I have not heard of such a thing.	Behrman	Sue
(4) It is the last one.	Johnsy	Sue

Write the words given below in the proper columns:

Question 1.
idiotic, fancy, foolish, weak, place, away, upstairs, work, rain, continuously,closed, window, fierce, bravely, branch,surely
Answer:

Nouns	Adjectives	Adverbs
fancy, place,	idiotic,	away,
work, rain,	foolish,	upstairs,
window,	weak,	continuously,
branch	closed,	bravely,
	fierce	surely

Do as directed:

Pick out two words from the lesson whose first letter is silent.
Answer:
pneumonia, gnarled.

Question 2.
Use the following phrase in your own sentence : above the ground
Answer:
During monsoon, the clouds are just a few feet above the ground in Ooty.

Question 3.
Add two letters before the given word to form three separate words:
own
Answer:
brown, crown, drown

Question 4.
Find out four hidden words from the given word:
twilight (Each word should have at least 3 letters.)
Answer:
twilight: light, tight, wilt, tilt

Question 5.
Use the following word and its homophone in two separate sentences: earn
Answer:
(i) It is difficult to earn a living if you are illiterate.
(ii) I placed the flowers in an urn and poured water into it.

Question 6.
Pick out the main clause and subordinate clause from the following sentence:
Medicines alone did not help if the patient did not wish to live.
Answer:
Medicines alone did not help- the main clause if the patient did not wish to live-subordinate clause.

Question 7.
Rewrite in indirect speech :
“Open the window; I want to see,” she
ordered. Sue obeyed.
Answer:
She ordered Sue to open the window as she wanted to see. Sue obeyed.

Question 8.
Pick out the non-finite verb and state what it is:
He always talked of his coming masterpiece.
Answer:
coming – present participle

Question 9.
Rewrite as an affirmative sentence:
In those days, it was not easy to cure pneumonia patients.
Answer:
In those days, it was difficult to cure pneumonia patients.

Question 10.
Rewrite using the positive form of the adjective:
They are falling faster now.
Answer:
They were not falling as fast as before.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Hindi Solutions Lokbharti Chapter 10 अपराजेय Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Hindi Lokbharti Solutions Chapter 10 अपराजेय (पूरक पठन)

Hindi Lokbharti 9th Std Digest Chapter 10 अपराजेय Textbook Questions and Answers

श्रवणीय:

प्रश्न 1.
हेलन केलर की जीवनी का अंश सुनिए और मुख्य मुद्दे सुनाइए।

लेखनीय:

प्रश्न 1.
कला की साधना जीवन के दुखमय क्षणों को भुला देती है। इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तरः
कृति (ग) की स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति देखिए।

पठनीय:

प्रश्न 1.
सुदर्शन की ‘हार की जीत’ कहानी पढ़िए।

1. सुचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए:

प्रश्न 1.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।

उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

उत्तरः

प्रश्न 3.
परिच्छेद से ऐसे दो शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए कि जिनका वचन परिवर्तन नहीं होता।
उत्तर:
1. घर
2. पेड़

प्रश्न 4.
‘कला में अभिरूचि होने से जीवन का आनंद बढ़ता है।’ अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तर:
कला जीवन का प्रतिरूप है। वह जीवन का आनंद है। प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को कला का शौक होता है। कला में अभिरूचि होने से व्यक्ति उसकी साधना में लगा रहता है। ऐसे में वह स्वयं को भी भूल जाता है। सिर्फ कला के अलावा उसे अन्य चीज़ की याद नहीं आती है। वह अपनी मनचाही कला के सौंदर्य एवं माधुर्य में मशगुल हो जाता है। कला का लुत्फ़ उठाते समय उसका चित्त आनंदविभोर हो जाता है।

वह कला को ही अपने जीवन का आधार मानकर स्वयं के जीवन को सुंदर बनाता है। निरंतर कला के सान्निध्य में रहने के कारण वह मन से तरोताजा रहता है। ऐसे व्यक्ति को फिर संपूर्ण विश्व सुंदर एवं खिला हुआ दिखाई देता है। इस प्रकार कला में अभिरूचि होने से जीवन का आनंद बढ़ता है।

आसपास:

प्रश्न 1.
कलाक्षेत्र में ‘भारतरत्न’ उपाधि से अलंकृत महान विभूतियों के नाम, क्षेत्र, वर्षानुसार सूची बनाइए।

मौलिक सृजन:

प्रश्न 1.
‘समाज के जरूरतमंद लोगों की मैं सहायता करूँगा।’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार प्रकट कीजिए।
उत्तरः
मानव होने का सही अर्थ यही है कि मनुष्य को अपने जीवन में दूसरों की सेवा करनी चाहिए। मानव का जन्म लोगों की सेवा करने के लिए हुआ है। सेवा ऐसा भाव है जिससे सेवा करने वाला भी सुख पाता है और जिसकी सेवा की जाती है वह भी सुख पाता है। जो मनुष्य दूसरों के दुख दूर करने के लिए प्रयास करता है, ऐसा ही मनुष्य सच्चा मनुष्य कहलाने का अधिकारी होता है। कवि गुप्त जी ने लिखा ही है

वही मनुष्य है कि जो मनुष्य के लिए मरे।

मैं भी समाज के जरुरतमंदों की सहायता करना चाहता हूँ। समाज में सर्वत्र दीन-दुखी, पीड़ित एवं व्यथित लोग हैं। उनकी सहायता करने से मुझे आत्मिक तृप्ति मिलेगी। आखिर मानव सेवा ही ईश्वर की पूजा के समान होती है।

आज हमारे समाज में ऊँच-नीच का भेदभाव दिखाई दे रहा है। कई ऐसे गरीब बच्चे हैं जो फुटपाथ पर ही रहते हैं। वे स्कूल नहीं जाते हैं। मैं ऐसे बच्चों को पढ़ाने के लिए आगे आऊँगा। उन्हें सही राह दिखाने का प्रयास करूंगा। मैं अनाथ आश्रम में जाकर वहाँ रहने वाले बच्चों के लिए खेल एवं शैक्षिक गतिविधियों का आयोजन करूंगा; ताकि उन्हें आनंद की प्राप्ति हो।

समाजसेवा के इस पुनीत कार्य में मैं अपने मित्रों को भी सम्मिलित करवाऊँगा क्योंकि मिल-जुलकर अच्छा काम करने में जो मजा है वह अन्य किसी काम में नहीं। अपने मित्रों के साथ मिलकर मैं गरीब बच्चों एवं लोगों के लिए चंदा इकट्ठा करूँगा। उनके लिए कपड़े व अनाज आदि सामग्री का संग्रह करूँगा। मुझे आशा है कि मेरे इन कार्यों से प्रेरणा लेकर अन्य लोग मेरा अनुकरण करेंगे। उस वक्त मेरी खुशी का ठिकाना नहीं रहेगा। अंत में सिर्फ इतना ही कहूँगा:

चाह यही, आस यही, कामना यही, भावना यही; कर सकूँ अपनी जिंदगी में जरूरतमंदों की सेवा यही।

पाठ से आगे:

प्रश्न 1.
दिव्यांग महिला खिलाड़ियों के बारे में जानकारी प्राप्त करके टिपणी तैयार कीजिए।

पाठ के आँगन में……..

1. सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

प्रश्न (क)
केवल एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखिए।

1. जिनमें चलने-फिरने की क्षमता का अभाव हो:
2. जिनमें सुनने की क्षमता का अभाव हो:
3. जिनमें बोलने की क्षमता का अभाव हो:
4. स्वस्थ शरीर में किसी भी एक क्षमता का अभाव होना:

उत्तरः

1. अपाहिज, अपंग
2. बधिर
3. गूंगा
4. दिव्यांग

प्रश्न 2.
‘हीन’ शब्द का प्रयोग करके कोई तीन अर्थपूर्ण शब्द तैयार करके लिखिए।

उत्तरः
जैसे: आत्म + हीन = आत्महीन

1. संवेदन + हीन = संवेदनहीन
2. चरित्र + हीन = चरित्रहीन
3. स्नेह + हीन = स्नेहहीन

प्रश्न 3.
परिस्थिति के सामने हार न मानकर उसे सहर्ष स्वीकार करने में ही जीवन की सार्थकता है। स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तरः
कृति (ख) की स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति देखिए।

प्रश्न (ख)
पाठ में प्रयुक्त वाक्य पढ़कर व्यक्ति में निहित भाव लिखिए।
1. ‘टाँग ही तो काटनी है, तो काट दो।’
2. ‘मैं जानता हूँ कि जीवन का विकास पुरुषार्थ में है, आत्महीनता में नहीं।’
उत्तर:
1. हास्य व सहज भाव, निडरता, सकारात्मकता, दृढ़ निश्चय
2. शांत भाव, संघर्ष शीलता, दृढ़ निश्चय

Hindi Lokbharti 9th Answers Chapter 10 अपराजेय Additional Important Questions and Answers

(क) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
समझकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:

कारण लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
सभी के चेहरे पर अकुलाहट थीं।
उत्तरः
दुर्घटना में अमरनाथ घायल हो गए थे। उनके बचने की कोई उम्मीद नहीं थी। इसीलिए सभी के चेहरे पर अकुलाहट थीं।

प्रश्न 2.
अमरनाथ के परिवार वाले रात को एक बजे पुलिस स्टेशन गए थे।
उत्तरः
अमरनाथ शाम तक घर पहुँचने वाले थे लेकिन रात के नौ बज गए फिर भी वे घर नहीं पहुंचे। उनके मोबाइल की घंटी बज रही थी लेकिन वे मोबाइल उठा नहीं रहे थे। इसीलिए अमरनाथ के परिवार वाले रात को एक बजे पुलिस स्टेशन गए थे।

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

किसने, किससे कहा?

प्रश्न 1.
‘पर हुआ कैसे?’
उत्तरः
यह वाक्य चोपड़ा ने अनिल से पूछा।

प्रश्न 2.
‘ट्रकवाला जरूर पिया होगा।’
उत्तर:
यह वाक्य अनिल ने चोपड़ा से कहा।

प्रश्न 3.
समझकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ गद्यांश से ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।

1. सर्जरी
2. डरावना
3. निशा
4. संध्या

उत्तर:

1. ऑपरेशन
2. भयावह
3. रात
4. शाम

प्रश्न 2.
गद्यांश में प्रयुक्त ऐसे अंग्रेजी शब्द लिखिए जिनका हिंदी में प्रयोग होने लगा है।
उत्तर:

1. ऑपरेशन
2. मोबाइल
3. स्ट्रेचर
4. नर्स

प्रश्न 3.
गद्यांश से ऐसे दो शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए कि जिनके वचन परिवर्तित नहीं होते हैं।
उत्तर:
1. फोन
2. पुलिस

प्रश्न 4.
‘अकुलाहट’ इस शब्द में प्रयुक्त प्रत्यय पहचानकर लिखिए और उस संबंधित प्रत्यय से अन्य दो शब्द तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:
‘आहट’ प्रत्यय; अन्य शब्द:
1. कड़वाहट
2. घबराहट

कृति (4) स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘अपनी देखी हुई एक दुर्घटना।’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तरः
ग्रीष्मावकाश में हम सब नैनिताल जा रहे थे। दोनों ओर पहाड़ियाँ ही पहाड़ियाँ थीं। रास्ते के दोनों ओर से गाडियाँ आ-जा रही थीं। अचानक सामने से एक बड़ा ट्रक आया और उसने हमारी गाड़ी के आगे जो एक गाड़ी थी उसे जोर से धक्का दे दिया। जिस कारण आगे वाली गाड़ी दुर्घटनाग्रस्त हो गई। हमारे ड्राइवर ने तुरंत गाड़ी को ब्रेक लगा दिया। हम तुरंत अपनी गाड़ी से बाहर आकर दुर्घटनाग्रस्त गाड़ी के पास पहुँचे।

ट्रकवाले के पास भी इंसानियत थी। उसने भी बाहर आकर घायल लोगों की सेवा करना अपना धर्म समझा। गाड़ी में दो लोग थे जिनमें से एक को हल्की चोट आई थी परंतु दूसरे के सिर से रक्तस्राव हो रहा था। हमने आव देखा न ताव, उसे अपनी गाड़ी में बिठाकर नज़दीकी अस्पताल लेकर गए। तुरंत किए गए उपचारों के कारण वह स्वस्थ हो गया। उसकी जान बचाकर हमें बहुत खुशी हुई।

(ख) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

सही विकल्प चुनकर वाक्य फिर से लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
अगर अमरनाथ बेहोश न हुए होते तो …………….
उत्तरः
(क) अपनी टाँग को कटने से जरूर बचा लेते।
(ख) ड्राइवर को जरूर बचा लेते।
(ग) ट्रक वाले को भागने नहीं देते।

प्रश्न 2.
यदि अमरनाथ की टाँग काटी न गई तो ……………
(क) उनके शरीर में जहर फैल जाएगा।
(ख) उनकी मृत्यु हो जाएगी।
(ग) उनके लिए चलना मुश्किल हो जाएगा।
उत्तर:
1. अगर अमरनाथ बेहोश न हुए होते तो ड्राइवर को जरूर बचा लेते।
2. यदि अमरनाथ की टाँग काँटी न गई तो उनके शरीर में जहर फैल जाएगा।

प्रश्न 3.
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों।
1. ड्राइवर
2. अमरनाथ
उत्तर:
1. दुर्घटना में किसकी मृत्यु हो गई थी?
2. दुर्घटना में कौन बच गए थे?

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों में उचित प्रत्यय लगाकर नए शब्द तैयार कीजिए।

1. जहर
2. हिम्मत
3. परिवार
4. समझ

उत्तर:

1. जहर + ईला = जहरीला
2. हिम्मत + वान = हिम्मतवान
3. परिवार + इक = पारिवारिक
4. समझ + दार = समझदार

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखिए।
1. जहर × …………
2. भाग्यशाली × …………..
उत्तर:
1. अमृत
2. दुर्भाग्यशाली

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में विरामचिह्नों का उचित प्रयोग कीजिए।
1. डॉक्टर ने कहा अमरनाथ जी आप दुर्घटना से बच गए हैं यह एक चमत्कार है
2. कितना भाग्यशाली हूँ मैं आखिर दुर्घटना से बच गया
उत्तरः
1. डॉक्टर ने कहा, “अमरनाथ जी, आप दुर्घटना से बच गए हैं, यह एक चमत्कार है।”
2. ‘कितना भाग्यशाली हूँ मैं! आखिर दुर्घटना से बच गया।’

कृति (4) स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘परिस्थिति के सामने हार न मानकर उसे सहर्ष स्वीकार करने में ही जीवन की सार्थकता है।’ स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तरः
इंसान के जीवन में परिस्थितियाँ आती ही रहती हैं। उसे जीवन में आने वाली प्रत्येक परिस्थिति का सामना करना चाहिए। उनसे डरना नहीं चाहिए। जब व्यक्ति परिस्थितियों को सहर्ष स्वीकार कर लेगा; तब उसका हौंसला दुगुना हो जाएगा और इससे परिस्थितियों से लड़ने की ताकत उसमें अपने आप निर्माण हो जाएगी। यदि व्यक्ति परिस्थितियों के सामने अपनी हार स्वीकार कर लेगा; तो परिस्थितियाँ उस पर हावी हो जाएगी, जिससे इंसान का जीवन नरक-सा बन जाएगा। अत: जीवन को सुंदर एवं जिंदादिल बनाए रखने के लिए व्यक्ति को परिस्थिति के सामने हार न मानकर उसे सहर्ष स्वीकार करना चाहिए। आखिर इसी में जीवन की सार्थकता है।

(ग) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित वाक्य गद्यांश के क्रम के अनुसार लिखिए।

1. घर में कैनवस, रंग, ब्रश और ईजल, सब सामान आ गया था।
2. अनिल पिता के गले लग गया।
3. अमरनाथ के लिए एक स्वचालित व्हीलचेयर आ गई थी।
4. डॉक्टर ने चैन की साँस ली।

उत्तरः

1. डॉक्टर ने चैन की साँस ली।
2. अनिल पिता के गले लग गया।
3. अमरनाथ के लिए एक स्वचालित व्हीलचेयर आ गई थी।
4. घर में कैनवस, रंग, ब्रश और ईजल, सब सामान आ गया था।

प्रश्न 2.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तरः

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित विधान सत्य है या असत्य लिखिए।
1. अमरनाथ के लिए उनका जीवन तीन फीट की टाँग से छोटा न था।
2. अमरनाथ के अनुसार जीवन जीने के लिए टाँगों की जरूरत होती है।
उत्तर:
1. सत्य
2. असत्य

प्रश्न 2.
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों।
1. साठ
2. मूर्तिशिल्प
उत्तर:
1. अमरनाथ अपने जीवन के कितने वर्षों तक टाँगों के साथ जिए हैं?
2. मानव आकृतियों के चित्रों में किसका समन्वय था?

प्रश्न 3.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
वचन बदलिए।

1. अस्थियाँ
2. मूर्ति
3. रेखा
4. साँस

उत्तर:

1. अस्थि
2. मूर्तियाँ
3. रेखाएँ
4. साँसें

प्रश्न 2.
गद्यांश में से शब्द-युग्म ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
1. चुस्ती-फुर्ती
2. रंग-रेखा

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।
1. विश्व
2. शरीर
उत्तर:
1. संसार
2. देह, तन

प्रश्न 4.
गद्यांश में प्रयुक्त एक उपसर्ग युक्त शब्द व एक प्रत्यय युक्त शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
1. उपसर्गयुक्त शब्दः परिदृश्य – ‘परि’ उपसर्ग
2. प्रत्यय युक्त शब्दः जीवंतता – ‘ता’ प्रत्यय

प्रश्न 5.
‘राहत मिलना।’ इस अर्थ के लिए गद्यांश में प्रयुक्त मुहावरा लिखिए।
उत्तरः
चैन की साँस लेना।

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के शुद्ध रूप लिखिए।
1. व्हीलचेअर
2. रेगिस्थान
उत्तर:
1. व्हीलचेयर
2. रेगिस्तान

कृति (4) स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘कला की साधना जीवन के दुखमय क्षणों को भुला देती है।’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तरः
कला मनुष्य जीवन का आधार है। व्यक्ति को जिस कला में रूचि होती है; उस कला में व्यस्त हो जाना उसे अच्छा लगता है। व्यक्ति अपनी कला की साधना के लिए अपने जीवन के दुखमय क्षणों को भूल जाता है। अपनी सारी यातना एवं पीड़ा सब कुछ भूल जाता है। यहाँ तक कि उसे खाने-पीने का भी होश नहीं रहता। कब उठना है या कब सोना है, इसके बारे में भी उसे पता नहीं रहता।

वह सिर्फ अपनी कला के बारे में ही सोचता रहता है। अपनी मनचाही कला में निपुण होने के लिए वह दिन रात एक कर देता है। उसके जीवन का सिर्फ एक ही लक्ष्य बन जाता है। वह है कला की साधना। इसके आगे उसे किसी से भी किसी भी प्रकार का सरोकार नहीं रहता। सिर्फ जीवन जीने के लिए कला और उसका आनंद लेना यही उसके जीवन का ध्येय हो जाता है।

(घ) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों।
1. बगीचा
2. क्यारियों
उत्तर:
1. घर के सामने की जमीन में क्या बनाया था?
2. रंग-बिरंगे मौसम के फूल किसमें लगाए थे?

प्रश्न 2.
समझकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
लिंग बदलिए।
1. माली
2. घर
उत्तरः
1. मालिन
2. घर

प्रश्न 2.
परिच्छेद से विलोम शब्द की जोड़ी ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
भीतर × बाहर

(ङ) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

कारण लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
डॉक्टर परेशान हो गया।
उत्तरः
डॉक्टर ने खून की जाँच फिर से करवाई तो उसे पता चला कि अमरनाथ जी के शरीर में बीमारी दुबारा फैल रही है। इसलिए वह परेशान हो गया।

प्रश्न 2.
घर के लोग सन्न हो गए।
उत्तर:
अमरनाथ जी के शरीर में जहर फैल जाने के कारण उनकी बाँह काटनी पड़ेगी ऐसा डॉक्टर के कहने पर घर के लोग सन्न हो गए।

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित विधान सत्य है या असत्य लिखिए।
1. अमरनाथ के बाईं बाँह में खून की गर्दिश बंद हो गई थी।
2. अमरनाथ के लिए खुले कमीज सिलवाए गए।
उत्तर:
1. असत्य
2. सत्य

प्रश्न 2.
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों।
1. शास्त्री जी
2. काठ-सी
उत्तर:
1. अमरनाथ जी किससे शास्त्रीय संगीत सीखना चाहते थे?
2. बाँह निर्जीव होकर कैसी हो गई थी?

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।
1. सात दिनों का समूह
2. ऐसा संगीत जो भाव व रागों का खूबसूरत सरगम हो
उत्तर:
1. सप्ताह
2. शास्त्रीय संगीत

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।
1. बचपन
2. नर्स
उत्तर:
1. बाल्यकाल
2. परिचारिका

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित वाक्य सूचना के आधार पर परिवर्तित कीजिए।
1. खून की जाँच की रिपोर्ट आई तो वह परेशान हो गया।
2. दाईं बाँह में खून की गर्दिश बंद हो जाने पर उसे हिलाना भी मुश्किल हो गया। (मिश्र वाक्य)
उत्तर:
1. खून की जाँच की रिपोर्ट आने पर वह परेशान हो गया।
2. जैसे ही दाईं बाँह में खून की गर्दिश बंद हो गई; वैसे ही उसे हिलाना भी मुश्किल हो गया।

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित रेखांकित शब्दों के भेद लिखिए।
1. बीमारी फिर से पसर रही है।
2. उनकी दाईं बाँह काट दी गई थी।
उत्तर:
1. अकर्मक क्रिया
2. गुणवाचक विशेषण

कृति (4) स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘प्रतिकूल परिस्थितियों में भी जिंदादिल रहने वाले कभी दुखी नहीं होते।’ कथन के संदर्भ में अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तर:
“जिंदगी जिंदादिली का नाम है। मुर्दादिल क्या खाक जिया करते है?” ऐसा ही कहा गया है। यह सत प्रतिशत सच है। चार दिन की जिंदगी होती है। इस छोटी-सी जिंदगी में इंसान को हर पल खुश रहना चाहिए। परिस्थिति अनुकूल हो या प्रतिकूल उसे हमेशा प्रसन्न रहना चाहिए। जो व्यक्ति इस तथ्य को जान लेता है; वह अपने जीवन में कभी-भी दुखी नहीं होता। वह प्रतिकूल परिस्थिति में भी अपना दैनिक जीवन सुचारू रूप से शुरू रखता है। उसे खंडित नहीं होने देता। वह अपने मनचाहे कार्य एवं शौक में मशगुल हो जाता है। यदि वह किसी कला का उपासक है तो वह अपना समय उसकी साधना में लगा देता है। अपने सारे दुख-दर्द एवं प्रतिकूल परिस्थितियों को भूलकर वह अपने जीवन में हमेशा प्रसन्न रहता है।

(च) परिच्छेद पढ़कर दी गई सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

सही विकल्प चुनकर वाक्य फिर से लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
घर के लोग दुख से व्याकुल हो गए थे, क्योंकि ……….
(क) अमरनाथ फिर से बीमार पड़े थे और फिर से तेज बुखार आ गया था।
(ख) अमरनाथ अब कोई नई कला सीखना चाहते थे।
(ग) अमरनाथ दुख एवं दर्द के कारण व्यथित हो गए थे।
उत्तर:
घर के लोग दुख से व्याकुल हो गए थे क्योंकि अमरनाथ फिर से बीमार पड़े थे और फिर से तेज बुखार आ गया था।

प्रश्न 2.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 2.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3) शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
गद्यांश से विलोम शब्द की जोड़ी ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
लौकिक × अलौकिक

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची लिखिए।
1. रियाज
2. आँख
उत्तर:
1. अभ्यास
2. नयन

प्रश्न 3.
गद्यांश में से कोई भी दो ऐसे शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए कि जो बहुवचन में प्रयुक्त हुए हों।
उत्तरः
1. रेखाएँ
2. लहरियाँ

प्रश्न 4.
अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।
1. आत्मा से संबंधित
2. सांसारिक पदार्थों एवं वस्तुओं से संबंधित
उत्तर:
1. आत्मिक
2. भौतिक

प्रश्न 5.
गद्यांश में से ‘इक’ प्रत्यय वाले शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:

1. लौकिक
2. अलौकिक
3. भौतिक
4. आत्मिक

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित वाक्य शुद्ध करके फिर से लिखिए।
1. वे अस्पताल ले जाया गए।
2. उनकी आँख हँस रही थी।
उत्तर:
1. उन्हें अस्पताल ले जाया गया।
2. उनकी आँखें हँस रही थीं।

कृति (4) स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘शास्त्रीय संगीत इंसान के जीवन में आनंद की अनुभूति कराने में प्रभावी साधन होता है।’ इस कथन पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तरः
शास्त्रीय संगीत भावों और रागों का खूबसूरत सरगम होता है। कहा जाता है कि ध्वनि ही ईश्वर का दूसरा रूप है और इसी ध्वनि से शास्त्रीय संगीत का जन्म हुआ है। मानव शरीर और मन को शास्त्रीय संगीत प्रभावित करता है। शास्त्रीय संगीत सुनते समय अगर आप अपने भीतर-ही-भीतर एक खास अवस्था में पहुँच जाए तो पूरा जगत आपके लिए ध्वनि हो जाता है। शास्त्रीय संगीत एक प्रकार की आध्यात्मिक प्रक्रिया है और आध्यात्मिक प्रक्रिया से मनुष्य को आनंद एवं सुख की प्राप्ति होती है। इसीलिए शास्त्रीय संगीत इंसान के जीवन में आनंद की अनुभूति कराने में प्रभावी साधन होता है।

(छ) परिच्छेद पढ़कर सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति (1) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
समझकर लिखिए।
उत्तरः

प्रश्न 2.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तरः

कृति (2) आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों।
1. कालिगुला
2. कजरी
उत्तर:
1. गद्यांश में कौन से नाटक का जिक्र किया गया है?
2. अमरनाथ आँखें बंद करके किसकी तान सुनते थे?

प्रश्न 2.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति (3): शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्द के अनेकार्थी शब्द लिखिए।
उत्तरः
जीवन – पानी, जिंदगी

प्रश्न 2.
गद्यांश में से उपसर्गयुक्त व प्रत्यययुक्त शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए और उनके उपसर्ग व प्रत्यय भी अलग करके लिखिए।
उत्तरः

शब्द	उपसर्ग	प्रत्यय
अनुकूलता	–	ता
आत्महीनता	–	ता
अद्वितीय	अ	–
अपराजेय	अ	–

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

1. जिसे संगीत की जानकारी हो:
2. जिसकी कभी पराजय नहीं होती:
3. जिसके समान अन्य कोई न हो:

उत्तरः

1. संगीतज्ञ
2. अपराजेय
3. अद्वितीय

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के शुद्ध रूप लिखिए।
1. कॅसेट
2. अन्तिम
उत्तरः
1. कैसेट
2. अंतिम

कृति (4): स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘जीवन का विकास पुरुषार्थ में हैं, आत्महीनता में नहीं।’ स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तरः
पुरुषार्थ का तात्पर्य मनुष्य के लक्ष्य या उद्देश्य को प्राप्त करने से है और आत्महीनता का तात्पर्य मनुष्य की मानसिक कमज़ोरी से है। यदि मनुष्य अपने जीवन में अपना विकास करना चाहता है तो उसे अपने लक्ष्य की ओर अग्रसर होना पड़ेगा। उसे अपने मन में आने वाले विकार एवं मानसिक दुर्बल भावों को दूर भगाना होगा।

भले ही जीवन में कितनी भी बड़ी संकट की स्थिति निर्माण हो जाए फिर भी मनुष्य को अपनी आत्मिक शक्ति को नहीं खोना चाहिए। उसकी आत्मिक शक्तियाँ इतनी सशक्त होनी चाहिए कि वह जीवन में निर्माण होने वाली स्थितियों का सामना कर सके। यदि व्यक्ति के मन में दृढ़ संकल्प एवं दैदीप्यमान इच्छाशक्ति है, तो वह असंभव को भी संभव बना सकता है। इससे व्यक्ति का विकास होता है। इसीलिए कहा गया है कि जीवन का विकास पुरुषार्थ में हैं, आत्महीनता में नहीं।

भाषाई कौशल पर आधारित पाठगत कृतियाँ।

भाषा बिंदू

प्रश्न 1.
काल परिवर्तन कीजिए।

1. आसपास कई जगह फोन किया। (अपूर्ण वर्तमानकाल)
2. सुबह पाँच बजे फोन आया था। (सामान्य भविष्यकाल)
3. शास्त्री जी आ गए थे। (सामान्य भविष्यकाल)
4. दिन में शास्त्री जी आते थे। (सामान्य वर्तमानकाल)
5. मैं जीवन का व्याकरण बना रहा हूँ। (पूर्ण भूतकाल)
6. उन्होंने सामने की जमीन में बगीचा बनाया था। (सामान्य वर्तमानकाल)

उत्तर:

1. आसपास कई जगह फोन कर रहे हैं।
2. सुबह पाँच बजे फोन आएगा।
3. शास्त्री जी आएँगे।
4. दिन में शास्त्री जी आते हैं।
5. मैंने जीवन का व्याकरण बनाया था।
6. वे सामने की जमीन में बगीचा बनवाते हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित रेखांकित विकारी शब्दों के भेद पहचानिए।
1. दुर्घटनास्थल पर भयावह दृश्य था।
2. रात के एक बजे हम पुलिस स्टेशन पहुंचे।
उत्तर:
1. गुणवाचक विशेषण
2. उत्तम पुरूषवाचक सर्वनाम

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में से रेखांकित अव्ययों के भेद पहचानिए।
1. मुझे अभी मरना ही नहीं था।
2. अनिल ने डॉक्टर की तरफ देखकर कहा था।
उत्तर:
1. क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय
2. संबंधसूचक अव्यय

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों के रचना की दृष्टि से प्रकार पहचनाकर लिखिए।
1. आपकी टाँग काटनी पड़ेगी।
2. अगर मैं उस वक्त बेहोश न हुआ होता तो उसे बचा लेता कभी भी मरने न देता।
उत्तर:
1. साधारण वाक्य
2. मिश्र वाक्य

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों के अर्थ की दृष्टि से प्रकार पहचानकर लिखिए।

1. इसमें ऐसा क्या है?
2. चित्र निकालने की मुझे फुरसत ही नहीं मिली।
3. आपको अस्पताल में जाना ही पड़ेगा।
4. ‘अब क्या होगा डॉक्टर?’

उत्तर:

1. प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य
2. निषेधार्थक वाक्य
3. आज्ञार्थक वाक्य
4. प्रश्नार्थक वाक्य

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित अव्यय शब्दों का वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजिए।

1. साथ
2. और
3. तो
4. के बिना

उत्तर:

1. मैं राम के साथ घूमने जाऊँगा।
2. राधा और मीना बाज़ार जा रही हैं।
3. तुम मेरे साथ चलो नहीं तो मैं अकेला नहीं जाऊँगा।
4. ईश्वर के बिना जीवन की कल्पना करना व्यर्थ है।

संभाषणीय:

प्रश्न 1.
विद्यालय में आते समय आपको रास्ते में दुर्घटनाग्रस्त महिला दिखी। आपने उसकी सहायता की। इस घटना का वर्णन कीजिए।
उत्तर:

1. अध्यापक – विजय, आज स्कूल आने में तुम्हें देर हो गई। क्या कारण है?
2. विजय – जी हाँ, अध्यापक महोदय। मैं जब स्कूल आ रहा था तब गांधी रोड हाइवे पर एक दुर्घटना हुई। एक महिला दुर्घटना में घायल हो गई।
3. अध्यापक – क्या कह रहे हो तुम? दुर्घटना हुई! महिला कैसे घायल हुई?
4. विजय – हमारी गाड़ी महिला की गाड़ी से बिल्कुल पीछे थी। सामने से एक बड़ा ट्रक आ गया और वह महिला की गाड़ी से टकरा गया। जिस कारण महिला घायल हो गई। मैंने अपने माता-पिता के साथ मिलकर उस महिला को गाड़ी से बाहर निकाला और उसे तुरंत अस्पताल की ओर लेकर चले गए। ट्रक वाले ने अपनी गलती स्वीकार कर ली। वह भी हमारे साथ अस्पताल पहुंचा।
5. अध्यापक – पर तुमने अब तक यह नहीं बताया कि अब उस महिला की हालत कैसी है और उसे कहाँ चोट आई?
6. विजय – महिला के दाहिने हाथ को चोट आई है। डॉक्टर ने उसके घावों पर मरहम पट्टी लगा दी। उसके बाद हमने उस महिला से उसके घर वालों का फोन नंबर लेकर उन्हें सूचित भी कर दिया। उसके घर वाले अब उसके पास अस्पताल में हैं। परिस्थिति अनुकूल होने के पश्चात ही हम वहाँ से निकले और मेरे माता-पिता मुझे सीधे स्कूल लेकर आए। इसी कारण मुझे स्कूल आने में लगभग एक घंटे की देरी हो गई है।
7. अध्यापक – विजय तुमने बहुत ही बड़ा मानवता का कार्य किया है। इसके लिए मैं तुम्हें धन्यवाद देता हूँ।

अपराजेय Summary in Hindi

लेखिका-परिचय:

जीवन-परिचय: लेखिका कमल कुमार आधुनिक युग की प्रमुख कहानीकार हैं। इनका जन्म हरियाणा के अंबाला जिले में हुआ था। उपन्यास के क्षेत्र में इन्होंने अपना अमूल्य योगदान दिया है। इन्होंने व्यक्ति के जीवन अनुभवों को अपनी कहानी के द्वारा अभिव्यक्त करने का कार्य किया है। इन्होंने आसक्ति, आशा, आस्था एवं जीवन के स्पंदन को अपनी कहानियों के द्वारा चित्रित किया है।

प्रमुख कृतियाँ: कहानी संग्रह – ‘पहचान’, ‘क्रमशः’, ‘फिर से शुरू’ आदि उपन्यास – ‘अपार्थ’, ‘आवर्तन’, ‘हैमबरगर’, ‘पासवर्ड’ आदि।

गद्य-परिचय:

वर्णनात्मक कहानी: वर्णनात्मक कहानी हिंदी साहित्य विधा का एक प्रमुख अंग है। जीवन की किसी घटना का रोचक़, सुंदर एवं प्रवाही वर्णन ही ‘वर्णनात्मक कहानी’ कहलाता है।

प्रस्तावना: प्रस्तुत कहानी के माध्यम से लेखिका कहना चाहती हैं कि व्यक्ति को अपने जीवन में प्रत्येक परिस्थितियों का सामना करने के लिए सदैव तत्पर रहना चाहिए क्योंकि परिस्थितियाँ निमंत्रण देकर नहीं आती हैं। वे कभी-भी व्यक्ति के जीवन में निर्माण हो सकती हैं। व्यक्ति को सिर्फ उनसे लड़ने के लिए तैयार रहना चाहिए।

सारांश:

अमरनाथ कहानी के प्रमुख पात्र हैं। वे दूसरे शहर में कुछ काम के सिलसिले में गए थे। वहाँ से लौटते समय अलवर के रास्ते में उनकी गाड़ी दुर्घटनाग्रस्त हो जाती है। जिस कारण उनके ड्राइवर की मृत्यु हो जाती है। चार घंटे तक वे बेहोशी के हालत में दुर्घटनास्थल पर घायल होकर पड़े रहते है। इस कारण उनके शरीर में जहर फैल जाता है और डॉक्टर को उनकी एक टाँग काटनी पड़ती है। वे सहर्ष अपनी टाँग कटवाने के लिए तैयार हो जाते हैं। टाँग कट जाने का उन्हें तनिक भी दुख नहीं होता है। इसके बाद वह स्वचालित व्हीलचेयर पर विराजमान हो जाते हैं और अपनी चित्रकारी को पूरा कराने के लिए कैनवस रंग, ब्रश और ईजल मँगवाते हैं। कुछ दिनों के पश्चात डॉक्टर फिर से उनके खून की जाँच करते हैं।

तब उन्हें पता चलता है कि बीमारी फिर से फैल रही है। जिस कारण उनकी दाईं बाँह डॉक्टर को काटनी पड़ती है। फिर भी अमरनाथ प्रसन्न रहते हैं। उन्हें अपनी बाँह कटने का रत्ती भर भी दुख नहीं होता है। अस्पताल से घर आने के पश्चात वह शास्त्रीय संगीत सीखना शुरू कर देते हैं। वे दिन-रात संगीत साधना में व्यस्त रहते हैं। वे स्वयं दिव्यांग हैं; इस बात को भी वे भूल जाते हैं। फिर से डॉक्टर उनके खून की जाँच करते हैं। अबकी बार उनकी आवाज चली जाती है। फिर भी अमरनाथ परिस्थितियों से हार मानने वाले नहीं थे।

अस्पताल से घर आकर संगीतज्ञों की कैसेट डिस्क म्यूजिक सिस्टम उनके कमरे में साइन बोर्ड पर रख दिया जाता है। संगीत सुनना पक्षियों का कलरव सुनना, सूखे पत्ते व कलियों की आवाज सुनने का उनका शौक बढ़ता ही जाता है। वे जानते हैं कि ईश्वर उनके एक-एक अंग को उनसे अलग कर रहा है। फिर भी वे टससे-मस नहीं होते हैं। वे ईश्वर के विरुद्ध शांत संघर्ष करते हैं। वे हार मानने वालों में से नहीं हैं। वे हमेशा अपराजेय ही रहेंगे। जीवन के हर पल, हर स्थिति एवं हर वस्तु में अद्वितीय ही रहेंगे। आखिर वे मानते हैं कि मनुष्य के जीवन का विकास पुरूषार्थ में हैं, आत्महीनता में नहीं।

शब्दार्थ:

1. अकुलाहट – व्याकुलता, बेचैनी
2. घुमक्कड़ी – घूमने की क्रिया
3. परिदृश्य – चारों ओर के दृश्य
4. उजास – प्रकाश, उजाला
5. दुर्घटना – हादसा
6. रक्तस्राव – रक्त का शरीर से बहना।
7. स्वचालित – स्वयं चलने वाली
8. अलवैर काम् – एक पाश्चात्य नाटककार
9. अद्वितीय – जिसके समान कोई न हो।
10. अपराजेय – जिसकी कभी पराजय न हो।

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 1.3 Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 1.3 Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard

Class 6 English Chapter 1.3 Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Read the passage aloud.

World Heritage English Workshop Question 1.
Read the passage aloud.

2. You are going to meet a Great Indian Bustard very soon. Prepare at least 10 questions to interview him.

World Heritage Question And Answer 10th Class Question 1.
You are going to meet a Great Indian Bustard very soon. Prepare at least 10 questions to interview him.
Answer:
Hello! It is nice to meet you! Please answer a few questions:

1. What can you tell us about yourself?
2. Where are you and your friends found in India?
3. When are you the most happiest?
4. Why are your numbers on a decline across the globe?
5. Which are the organisations which are supporting you in your struggle for survival?
6. How can the government play a role to help birds and animals on the verge of extinction?
7. Whose initiatives have led to increased awareness about the plight of the Great Indian Bustard?
8. How can media help you in creating awareness about the problems faced by you?
9. What would you like the children to do to support you in order to survive?
10. Do you have any message for human beings?

3. Play the roles of an interviewer and a Great Indian Bustard and write the interview.

World Heritage Class 10 Question 1.
Play the roles of an interviewer and a Great Indian Bustard and write the interview.
Answer:
(Students to attempt)

4. Write u letter to your friend about the Great Indian Bustard. You may use the following points:
Why we need to protect the bird.
What you plan to do to help the bird.

World Heritage 10th Class Lesson Question 1.
Write u letter to your friend about the Great Indian Bustard. You may use the following points:
Why we need to protect the bird.
What you plan to do to help the bird.
Answer:

A/18 Deep Mahal,
Sahar Road,
Vile Parle (E),
Mumbai – 400 057,
15th August, 2016.

Dear Rajani,
Hi! Hope this letter finds you in good health and happiness. I am writing this . letter to express my concern about the fact that only the last 200 of the Great Indian Bustards are left in this world.

The animals, birds, insects, trees, rivers, seas and other elements of nature including man are all the part of a link which binds us together, and which keeps us going. It is high time we protect the Great Indian Bustard and other species which are on the verge of extinction.

How right are the words, “Let’s preserve nature, if not for anything else, For the beauty and strength it inspires!”
We can protect the birds by creating awareness through our school magazine. We can write letters to the government officials too. We can discuss this issue with the elders. We can ask our teacher to take us to sanctuaries to have a better understanding of the life of the Great Indian Bustard.

Let us remember: ‘The future lies in our hands. Let us conserve, preserve and protect all the elements of nature.’
Please think about the issue I shared with you.

Yours lovingly,
XYZ

5. Form pairs and decide whether the following statements are those of a Great Indian Bustard or not.

World Heritage Question And Answer Question 1.
Form pairs and decide whether the following statements are those of a Great Indian Bustard or not.

Answer:

Statements	Great Indian Bustard	Some Other Bird
a. I am the heaviest flying bird in India.	✓
b. I am known as Maldhok or Hoom in Marathi.	✓
c. I live in mountainous regions.		✓
d. I don’t like grasshoppers or beetles.		✓
e. We don’t believe in building nests.	✓
f. Our chick stays with the mother for a period of nearly one year.	✓
g. I am the State Bird of Maharashtra.		✓
h. We have been pushed away from more than 90 per cent of our home regions.	✓

6. With the help of the internet and other sources, obtain more information about the critically endangered birds and animals in India. Find the names of their sanctuaries.

Some critically endangered birds and animals in India:
‘CR’ or critically endangered birds or animals are those that are likely to become extinct in the wild. We may never see them again.

• Forest Owlet
• Indian Vulture
• Siberian Crane
• Deoluli Minnow (fish)
• Asiatic Cheetah
• Himalayan Wolf
• Amboli Toad

7. Prepare a poster on the need for the conservation of the Great Indian Bustard.

World Heritage English Workshop 10th Standard Question 1.
Maharashtra Board Class 6 English Solutions Chapter 1.3 Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard
Answer:

8. Write a short autobiography of any bird or animal of your choice.

English Workshop Of World Heritage Question 1.
Write a short autobiography of any bird or animal of your choice.
Answer:
Hello friends! I reside in a dense jungle. I love rains and I express my joy by dancing in the rain. People say watching me dance is indeed a beautiful sight. Yes, I am a peacock. I long to fly in the high blue sky like the pigeon. I wish I could fly above the clouds and beyond. Alas! It is not possible.

But I count my blessings. My beauty and the fact that I am the National Bird of India gives me reasons to rejoice and celebrate. Next time you see a graceful bird with a bright shining tail, dancing to its heart’s content in the rainy seasons, you can be rest assured, it’s me.

I have a humble request. Please preserve and protect us. Many of us – my fellow beings are on the verge of extinction. Please save us else we will soon become a part of history.
Remember: Harmony between man and wild life is the only way to solve all the problems faced by the world.
Come, together let us co-exist.

9. Make a list of the channels available on your TV under the following categories:
News, entertainment, sports, movies, music, etc.
Which are the channels on which you can watch programmes on animals, wildlife, conservation of environment, etc.?

10. Ask your parents to show you TV programmes on animals, wildlife and conservation of environment on channels like the following:
DD National, National Geographic, Discovery and Animal Planet.

11. You have won a prize to visit a wildlife sanctuary or National Park in Africa or Australia. Choose a location, read about it. Imagine that you are visiting it and write a letter to your friend about it.

12. Language Study: Identify the following from the list given in the box below :
4 nouns, 4 verbs, 4 adjectives, 4 adverbs, 4 pronouns.

Question 1.
Identify the following from the list given in the box below :

Answer:

Nouns	Verbs	Adjectives	Adverbs	Pronouns
1. bird	1. gather	1. wonderful	1. directly	1. we
2. friends	2. helps	2. healthy	2. together	2. I
3. humans	3. protect	3. happy	3. away	3. you
4. grasslands	4. arrive	4. afraid	4. slowly	4. us

Class 6 English Chapter 1.3 Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard Additional Important Questions and Answers

Answer in one sentence.

4.3 World Heritage Question 1.
Which is the heaviest flying bird in India?
Answer:
The Great Indian Bustard is the heaviest flying bird in India.

World Heritage 10th Class Lesson Workshop Question 2.
How is the female Indian Bustard different from the male one?
Answer:
The female Indian Bustards are smaller and slimmer than their male counterparts, and their neck is not white.

10th Class World Heritage English Workshop Question 3.
Where do the Great Indian Bustards live?
Answer:
The Great Indian Bustards live on grasslands and deserts.

Question 4.
Name any two things which are favourite food items of a Great Indian Bustards.
Answer:
Grasshoppers and beetles.

Question 5.
Rains usher happiness into the lives of the Great Indian Bustards. Pick out proof from the lesson for this statement.
Answer:
“I dance in joy with puffed feathers and cocked up tail and dropped down wings.”

Question 6.
Who are the enemies of the Great Indian Bustard’s eggs and chicks?
Answer:
Monitor lizards, foxes, dogs, pigs, snakes and eagles are the enemies of the Great Indian Bustard’s eggs and chicks.

Question 7.
What is the difference between the young ones of other birds and the Great Indian Bustards?
Answer:
The difference between the young ones of other birds and the young ones of Great Indian Bustards is that unlike the young ones of other birds which soon fly away from the nest, the Great Indian Bustard’s mother and chick stay together for nearly a year.

Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar

Read the following extract and complete the activities that follow.

Question 1.
Complete the list of things we can do to extend our love and support to help the Great Indian Bustard survive.
Answer:

1. Write letters to our leaders and make appeals.
2. Make drawings and submit it to your teacher.
3. Discuss with your parents.
4. Visit a sanctuary.

Question 2.
Which environmental problem is highlighted in the extract?
Answer:
The decline of the population of the Great Indian Bustard, driving them to the verge of extinction is highlighted in the passage.

Question 3.
Who suggested that the Great Indian Bustard should be given the status of the ‘National Bird?
Answer:
Dr. Salim Ali, a friend of Great Indian Bustards suggested that the Great Indian Bustard should be given the status of the ‘National Bird’.

Question 4.
What is the consequence of the growing population of man on the Great Indian Bustard?
Answer:
The growing population of man has pushed the Great Indian Bustard from more than 90 per cent of their home regions.

Question 5.
Two causes which has led to the decline in the number of the Great Indian Bustard.
Answer:
Hunting, Electric power-line

Question 6.
We used to live in all parts of India. (State the word class of the underlined part.)
Answer:
all – adjective

Question 7.
We are losing our homes. (Add a question tag.)
Answer:
We are losing our homes, aren’t we?

Question 8.
We need your support and love in order to survive. (Use not only … but also.)
Answer:
We need not only your support but also love in order to survive.

Question 9.
Give the verb forms of:
Answer:
population: populate electric: electrify/electrocute

Question 10.
Why should we save animals from extinction?
Answer:
Animals are also an important element of the food chain. Many species of animals have become extinct. The animals are invaluable. Our existence depends on them, so to stop the links of food chains from breaking, we should save the animals from extinction.

Language Study

Do as directed.

Question 1.
I have got a long white neck, brown wings, tall yellow legs and a black cap on my head.
Fill in the chart with Nouns and Adjectives.
Answer:

Nouns	Adjectives
necks	long
wings	white
legs	brown
cap	tall
head	yellow
	black

Question 2.
Mrs. Bustard is smaller and slimmer than I am. (Pick out the adjectives and state the degree of comparison used.)
Answer:
Adjective: Smaller
Slimmer: Degree of comparison: Comparative

Question 3.
That’s a very healthy habit! (Pick out the adverb.)
Answer:
Adverb: very

Question 4.
It helps me to impress my soulmate. (Rewrite the sentence using the underlined word as noun.)
Answer:
It helps me create an impression on my soulmate.

Question 5.
I dance in joy. (Make it exclamatory.)
Answer:
How I dance in joy!

Question 6.
The egg looks like a stone. (Pick out the articles.)
Answer:
Articles: The, a

Question 7.
We need your support and love in order to survive. (Pick out the noun and state their kind.)
Answer:
support and love: Abstract Noun

Question 8.
You can discuss this with your parents. (Pick out the modal and state its function.)
Answer:
can: possibility

Question 9.
Come to see us at a sanctuary. (Pick out the preposition.)
Answer:
at: preposition

Question 10.
You will only see us in pictures. (Pick out the adverb.)
Answer:
only – Adverb

Word building.

Complete the table:

Noun	Adjective	Verb
impression	impressive	impress
health	healthy	heal
speciality	special	specialise
beauty	beautiful	beautify
electricity	electric	electrify/electrocute
picture	pictorial	picture

Do you know?

Penguins arrive in Mumbai Zoo. Three male and four female humboldt penguins have been brought in from Seoul, Korea. They have been kept in the quarantine section of the Veermata Jijabhai Bhosale Zoo. While the penguins need to be kept in a temperature between 4° and 25° Celsius, the temperature in the quarantine is between 16° and 18° Celsius. The humboldt penguins are between one and three years of age and have a life expectancy of around 20-25 years.

Autobiography of a Great Indian Bustard Summary in English

In this lesson, the author acquaints us with the different physical characteristics of the Great Indian Bustard. He also talks about their habitat, their eating habits and other details, apart from providing information about their young ones.

He further elaborates that though it is the State Bird of Rajasthan and despite having ten sanctuaries for their protection, their number is on a decline.

Due to uncontrolled population explosion created by man, the Indian Bustards were being pushed away from more than 90 percent of their home regions.

There are other reasons for their decline in number like hunting, electric shock, loss of habitat etc. With the last 200 of the birds left in the world, the lesson reminds us that the birds need our love and support for their survival. The lesson also enlists various ways in which we can do our part to stop the birds from becoming extinct.

Introduction:

Autobiography is a history of a person’s life as narrated by that person, which could be written or oral. Dr. Pramod Patil has used this method of writing to drive home the plight of the Great Indian Bustards who are on the verge of extinction.

Glossary:

1. impressive (adj) – one which evokes admiration
2. grasslands (n) – open area in a region covered with grass
3. deserts (n) – a large, dry, barren region
4. gulp (v) – swallow quickly
5. pouch (n) – a sac-like structure in animals, a pocket-like space (here)
6. resonating (y) – producing a loud, deep sound
7. swarming (v) – moving in large numbers
8. sanctuaries (n) – a reserved area for birds and animals to provide them protection
9. power-lines (n) – used for electric power transmission
10. predators (n) – animals that hunt, kill and eat other animals

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.5 The Happy Prince Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.5 The Happy Prince

Class 8 English Chapter 2.5 The Happy Prince Textbook Questions and Answers

2.5 The Happy Prince Warming Up:

1. There are different types of short stories. Use a dictionary/the Internet and find out what each of the following types refers to:

(a) fable :
(b) anecdote :
(c) fairy tale :
(d) parable :
(e) tragedy :
(f) humorous story :
(g) detective story :
(h) myth :
Answer:
(a) fable: moral bearing story with animal characters.
(b) anecdote: short amusing account of an incident.
(c) fairy tale: having supernatural characters/a moral for children.
(d) parable: having religious base and a message or moral.
(e) tragedy: serious and ends in a tragedy.
(f) humorous story: causing laughter and amusement; comic.
(g) detective story: the plot revolves around the investigation and solving of a crime/s.
(h) myth: originated in ancient times, authorship unknown.

2. Have you heard of birds that fly from one part of the world to another in small or large flocks?
They are called Migratory birds. Discuss and write down two reasons why they migrate and return.
Answer:
Migratory birds’ migrate for food and for warmth. They return when the food supplies in their home area stabilize and winter changes to summer again.

3. Speech or dialogues can be reported in two ways Direct and Indirect.
When the exact words of the speaker are reported we call it Direct Speech. When the exact words of the speaker are not reported, but just its contents we call it Indirect Speech.
Direct Speech: Amar said, “I shall come to meet you, tomorrow, Sanket.”
Indirect Speech: Amar told Sanket that he would go to meet him, the next day.
Note down the changes you observe in the Indirect Speech.
Answer:

• There are no inverted commas in j Indirect Speech.
• The verb changes in Indirect ) Speech.
• There is a change in the adverb in Indirect Speech.
• The word‘that’is added in Indirect Speech.

1. Say whether these sentences are true or false and correct the false ones.

Question a.
The writer of the story is Wiiliam Blake.
Answer:
False
The writer of the story is Oscar wilde

Question b.
Everyone admired the statue of the Happy Prince.
Answer:
True

Question c.
The mother was working, when the Swallow brought the yellow jewel.
Answer:
False
The mother was sleeping when the Swallow brought the yellow jewel.

Question d.
The two best things the servants brought to God were gold and jewel stones.
Answer:
False
The two best things the servants brought to God were broken heart and dead bird.

2. Find from the story the Homophones of the following words:
(Words that sound, the same, but differ in spellings and meanings.)
a. weak
b. their
c. blew
d. seo
e. read
f. waste
g. know
h. knot
i. threw
j. right
Answer:
a. weak – week
b. their – there
c. blew – blue
d. sea – see
e. read – – red
f. waste – waist
g. know – no
h. knot – not
i. threw – through
j. right – write

3. Answer the given questions in your own words:

Question a.
Where was the Happy Prince’s statue located?
Answer:
The Happy Prince statue located high above the city.

Question b.
Why did the swallow decide to stay under the statue of the Happy Prince at night?
Answer:
The Swallow decided to stay under the statue of the Happy Prince at night because it was high up, and so there was plenty of fresh air.

Question c.
Why was the Prince sad?
Answer:
The Prince was sad to see all unhappiess of the city.

Question d.
What was the first task given to the Swallow?
Answer:
The Happy Prince asked the Swallow to take the great red jewel from his waist and give it to a poor woman whose son was ill and hungry. This was the Swallow’s first task.

Question e.
To whom did the Prince gift the two gemstones of his eyes?
Answer:
The prince gave one of the two gemstones of his eyes to a Door little girl whose eggs had fallen to the ground and broken.

Question f.
What decision did the Swallow finally make? Was it a wise one? Comment.
Answer:
The Swallow finally decided not to go to Egypt but to remain with the Happy Prince, whom he loved very much. It may not have been a wise decision because it led to the death of the Swallow, but it was a decision made from the heart and was an emotional decision that was rewarded in heaven.

Question g.
Why did the Swallow finally decide not to leave the Prince?
Answer:
The Swallow finally decided not to leave the prince because he loved him very much.

Question h.
What message do you get from this story?
Answer:
The message that we get from this story is that we should be loyal, generous, and compassionate. We will not only get peace when on earth but will also get appreciation and reward in heaven.

4. inflnitives, Participles, Gerunds:

(a) Infinitives
In the sentences ‘1 have to study’ and ‘ I must study’, ‘study’ is in the infinitive form, because it does not take -s, -es or -cd aller it even if the number or person of the Subject changes.
Infinitives are generally preceded by ‘to’ or sometimes by a modal auxiliary.

(b) Participles
In the sentences ‘She dived into the swimming pool’ and ‘The writing table is in a mess’ ‘Swimming’ and ‘writing’ are in the verb + ing form and function as Adjectives. These are Present Pcirticiples. In the sentences, ‘The police recovered the stolen jewels’ and ‘He bandaged his
bruised arm’, stolen and bruised are in the verb + en I ed form and function as Adjectives.

(c) Gerunds
In the sentences, ‘I love swimming’ and ‘Reading is a good habit’, the verb + ing form fuction as Nouns (as the Subject or Object). These are called Verbal Nouns or Gerunds.

Say whether the underlined are Infinitives/Participles (Present or Past) Gerunds.

2.5 The Happy Prince 8 Question 1.
I wish to go to Egypt.
Answer:
Infinitive

The Happy Prince Question Answer Question 2.
They liked his written stories.
Answer:
Participle(past)

The Happy Prince Class 8 Question Answer Question 3.
He is trying to finish a story.
Answer:
Infinitive

The Happy Prince Questions And Answers Class 8 Question 4.
Suffering is stranger than anything.
Answer:
Gerund

The Happy Prince Story Questions And Answers Question 5.
The dying swallow fell at his feet.
Answer:
Participle(Present)

The Happy Prince Class 8 Solutions Question 6.
He began to cry.
Answer:
Infinitive

Happy Prince Question And Answer Question 7.
He watched the working seamen
Answer:
Participle(Present)

5. Write the following dialogues from the story in the Indirect Speech:

(a) ‘Who are you?’ asked the bird. ‘I am the Happy Prince.’
‘Then why are you crying? I am wet with your tears.’

(b) The Happy Prince looked very sad, and the little Swallow was sorry for him. ‘It is very cold here,’ he said ‘but I will stay with you for one night. Tomorrow I will take the jewel.’
‘Thank you, little bird,’ said the prince.

(c) ‘Little bird, little bird,’ said the prince, ‘please will you stay with me for one more night?’
‘My friends arc waiting for me.’ answered the bird.

(d) Under a bridge, two little boys were lying close together to keep warm.
‘We are so hungry!’ they said. ‘You cannot lie there!’ shouted a guard.

(e) ‘Goodbye, dear prince!’ he said.
‘I urn glad that you are going to Egypt,’ said the prince. ‘You have stayed too long.’I am not going to Egypt,’ said the Swallow. ‘I am going to the House of God’

6. Divide the story into parts. Make 4 groups in your class. Each group should take one of the 4 parts to convert the story into a play and enact your part.

7. If you could change the end of the story i.e. after the Swallow refused to fly to Egypt. how would you change it? Summarise your idea in 10 to 12 lines.
Answer:

Summary of the idea : A MIRACLE

The Swallow, battling the bitter cold, refuses to fly to Egypt and continues to live with the prince to support him in his time of need. God sees this love and friendship among the two and decides to do something. He restores the prince to his glory. The Happy Prince becomes golden and beautiful once again and is admired by all. The little Swallow develops extra layers of feathers to protect him from the cold, and the two continue to live with each other. The prince continues to be generous, but his wealth never diminishes. The Swallow is his messenger and informant. They become immortal. The two realize that these miracles are the work of God and they look towards heaven to thank God.

8. Think of one of your favorite stories. Fill in the following facts about the story:

• Name of the story:
• Type of story:
• Setting (time and place):
• ImportQnt characters:
• Theme/Plot:
  Conflict/Dilemmu:
• Solution:
• End:

Answer:

• Name of the story: Pride and Prejudice
• Type of story: Romantic/Social
• Setting (time and place): the early 1800s in England
• Important characters: Elizabeth and Jane Bennet, Mrs. Bennet, Darcy.
• Theme/Plot: The emotional development of the main characters.
• Conflict/Dilemma: Darcy is rich and proud Elizabeth is strongly prejudiced against him. Their status and
• lifestyles differ. However, they are attracted to each other.
• Solution: How they overcome their prejudices and come together forms the main story of the novel.
• End: Darcy and Elizabeth overcome their prejudices and their true emotions come through. The end is a happy one with everything ending well.

Class 8 English Chapter 2.5 The Happy Prince Additional Important Questions and Answers

Say whether the following sentences are True or False and correct the false ones:

Question 1.
One night a little swallow flew over the city with his friends.
Answer:
False
Corrected Sentence: One night a little l swallow flew alone over the city

Question 2.
The Happy Prince saw that the Swallow was crying.
Answer:
False
Corrected Sentence: The Swallow saw that the Happy Prince was crying.

Question 3.
The Swallow felt sorry for the Happy Prince.
Answer:
True

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The Happy Prince’s statue was located ______.
Answer:
high above the city

Question 2.
The drops that fell on the swallow were ______.
Answer:
the tears from the eyes of the Happy Prince

Question 3.
The Swallow decided to stay under the statue of the Happy Prince at night ; because ______.
Answer:
it was high up, and so there was ; plenty of fresh air

Question 4.
The Prince was sad _________.
Answer:
to see all the unhappiness of the city

Question 5.
The first gift from the Happy Prince was _______.
Answer:
a great red jewel from his waist

Question 6.
he Swallow felt warm because ______.
Answer:
he had done a good thing

Question 7.
The clever man was surprised _____.
Answer:
to see a swallow in the city in winter

Question 8.
The prince gave a _____ one of the two gemstones of his eyes.
Answer:
poor writer

Question 9.
The writer was trying hard ________.
Answer:
to complete the story

Question 10.
It was easy to get into the young man’s room because __________.
Answer:
there was a hole in the roof

Question 11.
The Swallow refused to take off the other eye because _______.
Answer:
then the prince would not be able to see

Question 11.
The prince gave one of the two gemstones of his eyes to _______.
Answer:
a poor little girl whose eggs had fallen to the ground and broken

Question 13.
Use the word ‘see’ and its ’ homophones in a single sentence of your own.
Answer:
sea-see: The children went all the way from Indore to Mumbai to see the sea.

Pick out the finite and non-finite verbs in the following sentence:

And he decided to fly away.
Answer:
decided-finite verb;
to fly-non- finite verb.

Personal Response:

Have you ever observed statues and admired them? Name some.
Answer:
I admire statues which Eire artistic or tell us a story. For example, some of the statues of Shivaji are very well carved, with all the details. However, most of the time j statues in India are neglected, and only ! serve as resting places for birds.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
The mother was forced to ignore her ailing son.
Answer:
The mother was forced to ignore her ailing son as she did not have money to buy food, and could only give him water from the river. She was busy making a ; dress for one of the queen’s ladies. After doing this, she was so tired that she fell asleep.

Question 2.
What was the first task given to the Swallow?
Answer:
The Happy Prince asked the Swallow to take the great red jewel from his waist and give it to a poor woman whose son was ill and hungry. This was the Swallow’s first task.

Question 3.
The Swallow wished to go to Egypt.
Answer:
It was winter, and it would soon begin snowing. The Swallow would not be able to bear this cold weather. So, he wished to go to Egypt where the sun was warm and the leaves were green.

Find from the passage the Homophones of the following words:

1. read
2. threw

Answer:

1. read-red
2. threw-through

Write the noun forms of the following words:

1. poor
2. flew
3. warm
4. ill

Answer:

1. poverty
2. flight
3. warmth
4. illness

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Why was the writer unable to complete his story?
Answer:
The writer was very cold, weak and hungry. There was no fire in his room. Due to all these reasons, he was unable to complete his story.

Question 2.
What did the writer conclude when he saw the blue jewel?
Answer:
When the writer saw the blue jewel, he concluded that it was a gift from someone who had read and liked his books.

Rewrite as an affirmative sentence:

But he is very cold and he cannot write.
Answer:
But he is very cold and he is unable to write.

Personal Response:

Have you seen birds migrating/flying in groups or information?
Answer:
Yes, I have. I did not realize what it meant in the beginning, but later I saw a documentary film about migratory birds. I like the way they fly in a formation, all of them flying at the same speed. I often wonder how they know where to go and what to do.

Complete the table and write who said the given words and to whom:

Question 1.

The words	Who said them	To whom
(1) You cannot see now
(2) She has no money to take home.
(3) This is a beautiful piece of glass!
(4) You must go to Egypt

Answer:

The words	Who said them	To whom
(1) You cannot see now	The Swallow	The prince
(2) She has no money to take home.	The prince	The Swallow
(3) This is a beautiful piece of glass!	The little girl	The Swallow
(4) You must go to Egypt	The prince	The Swallow

Complete the table:

Question 1.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
strange
beautiful
dear
wonderful

Answer:

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
strange	stranger	strangest
beautiful	more beautiful	most beautiful
dear	dearer	dearest
wonderful	more wonderful	most wonderful

Underline the pronouns in the following sentences:

Question 1.
She is selling eggs. her eggs have fallen on the ground and they are broken.
Answer:
She is selling eggs. Her eggs have fallen on the ground and they are broken.

Question 2.
“I will stay with you,” repeated the Swallow, and he slept at the Prince’s feet.
Answer:
“I will stay with you,” repeated the Swallow, and he slept at the Prince’s feet.

Personal Response:

How does the suffering of other people affect you?
Answer:
I feel very bad when I see someone suffering. I don’t like to see even animals suffer, and I often have fights with boys who are cruel to animals. If I see someone suffering, I try to help them if it is possible. I plan to become a doctor when I grow up so that I can help those who are in pain.

Complete the table and write who said the given words to whom:

Question 1.

The words	Who said them	To whom
(1) You cannot lie there!
(2) Yes, you have brought the right things.

Answer:

The words	Who said them	To whom
(1) You cannot lie there!	A guard	Two little boys
(2) Yes, you have brought the right things.	God	His servants

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Describe the sufferings that the Swallow discovered and reported to the prince.
Answer:
The Swallow saw poor people sitting at the gate. He flew into the dark streets, where he saw hungry and sad children. Many children were cold and were treated badly by the guards in the city. These were the sufferings that the Swallow discovered and reported to the prince.

Question 2.
In what state did the important man in the city find the statue?
Answer:
The important man in the city found the statue looking dull. The red stone and the gemstones of the eyes had disappeared. The statue was not golden any longer, and looked like that of a beggar. There was also a dead swallow at the feet of the statue.

Question 3.
Why did the servants of God take the broken heart and the dead bird to God?
Answer:
The servants of God took the broken heart and the dead bird to God because they were the two best things in the city.

Question 4.
Why did the Swallow finally decide not to leave the prince?
Answer:
The Swallow finally decided not to leave the prince because he loved him very much.

Question 5.
What decision did the Swallow ; finally make? Was it a wise one? Comment.
Answer:
The Swallow finally decided not to go to Egypt but to remain with the Happy Prince, whom he loved very much. It may not have been a wise decision because it led to the death of the Swallow but it was a decision made from the heart, and was an emotional decision which was rewarded in heaven.

Question 6.
What, do you think, was the part of the statue which did not melt?
Answer:
The part of the statue which did not melt was the heart of the Happy Prince.

Question 7.
What message do you get from this story?
Answer:
The message that we get from this story is that we should be loyal,generous and compassionate. We will not only get peace when on earth but will also get appreciation and reward in heaven.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Pick out two compound words from the lesson.
Answer:
bedroom, daytime

Question 2.
Use the following phrase in your own sentence : to get in
Answer:
The thief found it difficult to get in through the narrow opening.

Question 3.
Underline the non-finite verb and say what type it is :
The boy is crying and his mother is so unhappy.
Answer:
The boy is crying and his mother is so unhappy.
crying – present participle

Question 4.
Find out four hidden words from the given word : (Each word should have at least 3 letters.)
flower
Answer:
flower: lower, flow, wolf, wore

Question 5.
Use the following word and its homophone in a single sentence : heard
Answer:
The lion heard the herd of buffaloes chasing him.

Question 6.
Rewrite using a clause in place of | the underlined phrase :
I played with my friends in a very beautiful garden.
Answer:
I played with my friends in a garden which was very beautiful.

Question 7.
Rewrite as an affirmative \ sentence :
I did not know what lay on the other l side.
Answer:
I was unaware of what lay on the j other side.

Question 8. Punctuate :
I will stay here he thought it is high up so there is plenty of fresh air :
Answer:
“I will stay here,” he thought. “It is high up, so there is plenty of fresh air.”

Question 9.
Pick out the modal auxiliary and state its function :
I  must find another place.
Answer:
I must find another place, (must- indicates compulsion.)

Question 10.
Identify the type of sentence:
Tell me what you see there.
Answer:
Imperative sentence

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 Vocation Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.1 Vocation

Class 8 English Chapter 2.1 Vocation Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up

1. Pick out the words that refer to ‘means of living’ and fill them in the web:
(profession / recreation / occupation /job / pastime / employment / hobby / career / entertainment /mission/ trade / business / sports / retirement / placement)

Answer:

2. Using a good dictionary. find the shades of difference in the following:

2.1 Vocation Questions And Answers Question 1.
Profession
Answer:
‘Profession’ refers to a paid occupation, especially one that involves pro-longed training and a formal qualification.

Vocation Poem Class 8 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board Question 2.
Vocation
Answer:
‘Vocation’ refers to an occupation for which a person is specially drawn or suited.

Vocation Poem Class 8 Questions And Answers Question 3.
Business
Answer:
‘Business’ refers to the activity of buying or selling goods or services; a commercial activity done by a person at his own risk.

Vocation Poem Class 8 Question 4.
Occupation
Answer:
‘Occupation’ refers to a person’s usual or principal work or business, especially as a means of earning a living.

3. When a word is formed from a sound associated with it, it is called an Onomatopoetic Word.

For example : bang, tap, tinkle. crash, whistle etc.
If an Onomatopoetic word occurs in the lines of a poem, the Figure of Speech in that line is Onomatopoeia.
Write down eight to ten Onomatopoetic words on your own.
Answer:

1. buzz
2. whoosh
3. clang
4. chirp
5. clap
6. howl
7. hiss
8. grunt
9. purr
10. quack

1. Which of the following words / phrases match in meaning to the underlined ones?
(a) deserted
(b) exposed to heat
(c) dirties the clothings
(d) no particular route
(e) following imaginary goals
(f) scolds and corrects

Vocation Poem Class 8 Questions And Answers State Board Question 1.
nobody takes him to task ………..
Answer:
scolds and corrects

Vocation Question Answer Class 8 Question 2.
………. if he gets baked in the sun …………..
Answer:
exposed to heat

Vocation Chapter 2.1 Question Answer Question 3.
………….chasing the shadows with my lantern ……………..
Answer:
following imaginary goals

Class 6 English Vocation Questions And Answers Question 4.
The lane is dark and lonely ……………..
Answer:
deserted

Class 6 English Vocation Question Answer Question 5.
………….. he soils his clothes with dust ………….
Answer:
dirties the clothings

Question 6.
…………. There is no road he must take ………….
Answer:
no particular route

2. Read the poem and fill in the table.

Time of the day	Location	Poet’s Activity	Hawker’s Activities	Gardener’s Activities	Watchman’s Activities
Morning
Afternoon
Night

Answer:

Time of the day	Location	Poet’s Activity	Hawker’s Activities	Gardener’s Activities	Watchman’s Activities
Morning	In the lane	Walking to school	Selling Bangles
Afternoon	Near the poet’s house	Walking home from school		Digging the ground
Night	The poet’s home	Watching thr watchman from his bed.			Walking up and down the street.Swinging his latern.

3. Think and answer in your own words:

Question a.
What could be the age group of the speaker in the poem?
Answer:
The speaker in the poem is a young school-going boy.

Question b.
What is the difference between a hawker and a shopkeeper?
Answer:
The difference between a hawker and a shopkeeper is that a hawker does not have a fixed shop. He goes from street to street selling his wares. A shopkeeper has a fixed shop and people who want to buy his goods must go to his shop.

Question c.
How do parents react when they see children soil their clothes in dust and heat?
Answer:
When parents see their children exposed to heat or soil their clothes in the dust, they scold them and stop them from doing it.

Question d.
Why is the street light compared to a one-red-eyed-giant?
Answer:
The street light is very tall and has a single red light at the top. Hence it is compared to a giant with one red eye.

Question e.
What exactly does the speaker in the poem crave for?
Answer:
The speaker in the poem, who is a young school-going boy, craves for complete freedom to do whatever he wants and whenever he wants. He wants freedom from authority. He wants to lead a carefree life.

Question f.
Does the poet really wish to become a hawker/gardener/watchman? Justify your response.
Answer:
The poet does not really wish to become a hawker/gardener/watchman. He is childish and sees only what he thinks is their ‘carefree’ life. He does not see the difficulties. He actually only craves for complete freedom from authority.

4. Say why the speaker of the poem wishes to be:

Question a.
Hawker:
Answer:
The speaker in the poem feels that there is nothing to hurry the hawker. There is no fixed road he must travel by, no place that he must go to and no time when he must get back home. The speaker feels he is lucky and hence he wishes to be a hawker. It means that the speaker wants to be free to do what he wants and go where he wants to, without any restrictions.

Question b.
Gardener:
Answer:
The speaker in the poem sees that the gardener in the nearby house is digging the ground. He does what he likes with his spade. He is free to get his clothes soiled with mud, get baked in the sun or get wet. No one scolds him. Hence the speaker wishes to be a gardener so that he is able to enjoy freedom in the open without any restrictions.

Question c.
Watchman:
Answer:
The speaker is in his bed Through the open window, he can see the watchman walking up and down the dark and lonely street with a lantern in his hand. The speaker is resentful that he has to go to bed. He thinks that the watchman never goes to bed in his life. Hence he wishes to become a watchman and walk up and down in the dark street at night, having fun chasing the shadows with his lantern

5. Pick outlines that contain Alliteration. Simile, Repetition, Onomatopoeia:

(a) Alliteration:
(i) ‘I can see through the gate the gardener digging the ground.’ Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘t’ and ‘g’.
(ii) ‘He does what he likes with his spade, he soils his clothes…’ Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘h’.
(iii) ‘nobody takes him to task’ Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘t’.

(b) Simile:
‘The street lamp stands like a giant with one red eye in its head.’ The street lamp is directly compared to a giant, using the word ‘like’.

(c) Repetition:
(i) The words ‘Bangles, crystal bangles’ are repeated to create images in our mind of the hawker.
(ii) The words ‘no’ and ‘nobody’ are repeated for emphasis.

(d) Onomatopoeia:
‘the gong sounds ten’ : the word ‘gong’ is an onomatopoeic word formed from the sound associated with it.

6. Some poets do not use uniformity in rhyming words, nor a steady rhythm. Such poems with no uniformity in rhyme, rhythm, length of lines, or stanzas are called Free Verse. Walt Whitman, Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Rabindranath Tagore are some famous poets who have composed poems in Free Verse.
A quick glance at the poem Vocution’ reveals that the style used by Tagore is Free Verse.
Now turn the pages of your textbook and see if you can find other poems in Free Verse.

7. ‘occupation/profession/business would you like to take up in the future?
Prepare a fact file for the same using the following points.

1. Name of the vocation / profession / business ……….
2. Educational qualifications required ………..
3. Work profile/description………..
4. Opportunities for advancement …………..
5. our personal skills/talents for the choice …………..

Answer:

1. Name of the vocation/profession/business: Engineering
2. Educational qualifications required: B.E/B.Tech
3. Work profile/description: Setting up of projects/setting up plants/inventing new instruments and machines
4. Opportunities for advancement: Excellent in a developing country like India
5. Your personal skills/talents for the choice: My interest in seeing how various machines work and my talent in repairing simple instruments.

8. Read and understand the following poem paper Boats’ and write its paraphrase in your own simple language. (You may take the help of a dictionary or the internet.) The first line is done for you.
(Day after day. one after another. I sail paper boats on the stream of flowing water.)
Answer:

Paper Boats

Day after day, one after another, I sail paper boats on the stream of flowing water. I write my name and the name of my village on the boats in big black letters. I hope that someone in some strange land will find them and know who I am. I fill my little boats with ‘shiuli’ flowers and hope that these flowers which I have picked at dawn will be carried safely to land in the night.

I set my paper boats in motion and look up at the sky. The little clouds have white bulging tails behind them that look like the sails of a boat. I do not know if there is a young child like me up in the sky, who wants to play with me, and sends his boats down through the air to race with my boats.
When it is night, I bury my face in my arms and dream that my paper boats are floating in the air under the stars at midnight. The fairies who bring sleep are sailing in them, and they are filling their baskets with dreams.

Class 8 English Chapter 2.1 Vocation Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the complete sentence:

Vocation Question Answer Question 1.
The hawker is advertising aloud for selling metal bangles/crystal bangles.
Answer:
The hawker is advertising aloud for selling crystal bangles.

Vocation Poem Class 6 Question 2.
The narrator/The gardener is scolded if he gets dirty.
Answer:
The narrator is scolded if he gets dirty.

Vocation Std 8 Questions And Answers Question 3.
The speaker in the poem is a young school-going boy/an adult going to work.
Answer:
The speaker in the poem is a young school-going boy.

Complete the following:

Question 1.
The difference between a hawker and a shopkeeper is _____.
Answer:
that a hawker does not have a fixed shop. He goes from street to street selling his wares. A shopkeeper has a fixed shop and people who want to buy his goods must go to his shop

Question 2.
When parents see their children exposed to heat or soil their clothes in the dust, they ________.
Answer:
scold them and stop them from doing it.

Question 3.
The watchman is accompanied by _______.
Answer:
his lantern and his shadow.

Question 4.
The street lamp appears to be _______.
Answer:
a giant with one red eye in its head.

Question 5.
Analysis/Appreciation Of The Poem
Answer:

1. Poem and poet: ‘Vocation’ by Rabindranath Tagore
2. Theme: The longing of a young boy for freedom.
3. Tone: direct; full of craving
4. Structure and stanzas: Stanzas of unequal length; the number and length of lines vary.
5. Rhyme and Rhythm: No rhymes or rhythm; the poem is in Free Verse.
6. Language and Imagery: Simple and direct; vivid images of the hawker, the j gardener and the watchman.
7. Figures of Speech: Alliteration, Simile, Repetition, Onomatopoeia.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Arrange in chornological order:

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Answers Question 1.
(i) Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj
(ii) Raid on Lai Mahal
(iii) Escape from Agra
(iv) Coronation
(v) Treaty of Purandar
(vi) Shaistakhan’s invasion
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan’s invasion
(ii) Raid on Lai Mahal
(iii) Treaty of Purandar
(iv) Escape from Agra
(v) Coronation
(vi) Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj

2. Find the names from the chapter:

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Question Answer Question 1.
A dictionary containing Sanskrit alternatives.
Answer: Rajya – vyavahara – kosha

Conflict With The Mughals Std 7 Question 2.
He won Trimbakgad.
Answer:
Moropant Pingale

Class 7 History Chapter Question 3.
This Sardar was defeated at Vani-Dindori.
Answer:
Sardar Daudkhan

Conflict With The Mughals Questions And Answers Question 4.
A place where the British, Dutch and French had their factories.
Answer:
Surat

3. Write about these in your own words:

Conflict With Mughals Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj’s preparation for the > coronation.
Answer:
(i) The famous learned Pandit Gagabhatt was invited to conduct the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj.

(ii) Invitations were sent to learned Brahmans of all parts of India.

(iii) Shivaji visited the famous temples in Maharashtra and distributed clothes and other things among the Brahmans.

(iv) A gold plated steel/stool was prepared with precious ornaments was brought for Shivaji Maharaj.

(v) Holy water from seven sacred rivers Yamuna, Indus, Ganga, Godavari, Kaveri and Krishna was brought and kept in a gold vessel.

(vi) A special royal umbrella of cloth with gold fringes and pearls was prepared.

(vii) Special scarlet robes for Shivaji Maharaj was prepared.

Question 2.
The Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj felt that it was necessary to entitle himself as a king.

(ii) A formal coronation ceremony was organized.

(iii) Many learned Brahmans from all parts of India came. Even Ambassadors from all over India came to witness the ceremony.

(iv) On 6th June, 1674, Shivaji got up early in the morning, worshipped the gods and took blessing from the priests.

(v) He was dressed up in a special scarlet robe and precious ornaments

(vi) The Brahmans chanted Mantras and blessed Shivaji.

(vii) Gagabhatt held the royal umbrella over the Maharaj’s head, and poured the holy water from seven rivers.

(viii) Special coins were minted-a gold coin called Hon and a copper coin called Shivrai.

(ix) A dictionary showing Sanskrit meaning for Persian words was prepared. It is called Rajya- vyavahara-kosha.

Question 3.
Escape from Agra.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj pretended to be ill.

(ii) He complained of severe pain in the stomach. Doctors were called. They started treating the patient, Shivaji.

(iii) He started sending out huge baskets of sweets to Sadhus and Maulavis for his quick recovery. In the beginning, the guard outside would examine the baskets.

(iv) In the course of time, they got tired of this daily routine and stopped it.

(v) One evening, Shivaji made Hiroji sleep in his bed and asked Madari to manage his feat.

(vi) Then Shivaji Maharaj and Sambhaji Raje hid themselves in two of the many baskets that were going out.

(vii) The baskets were supposed to contain sweets and allowed to pass unchecked.

(viii) At a place previously fixed, Shivaji Maharaj and Sambhaji Raje got out of the baskets and adroitly escaped from Agra and reached Maharashtra safely after a few days.

Question 4.
Shivaji Maharaj’s Campaign of the South.
Answer:
(i) After the coronation ceremony, Shivaji went to the South at Golconda.
(ii) He made friendship with Qutubshah.
(iii) He captured the forts like Bangalore, Hoskote, Jinji, Vellore, etc. and some territories of Adilshah.
(iv) He appointed Raghunath Narayan Hanamante the chief officer to look after these territories.

4. Give reasons:

Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj entered into the ‘Treaty of Purandar’.
Answer:
(i) Aurangzeb sent a powerful Sardar, Jaisingh to defeat Shivaji Maharaj.
(ii) He started a naval campaign against Maharaj.
(iii) Jaisingh and Dilerkhan siege the fort of Purandar.
(iv) The Mughals siege the Fort of Purandar.
(v) Murarbaji Deshpande fought with courage but died a hero’s death.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Mughals.
Answer:
(i) The Treaty of Purandar meant a great loss of wealth and humiliation for the Marathas.
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj wanted to recapture the forts and territories given to the Mughals as per the Purandar treaty.
(iii) In order to earn the reputation, Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Mughals.

Activities:

How do you prepare for the special programmes on Independence Day/ Republic Day ? Make a list with help of your teacher.
Visit a historical place in your neighbourhood and write a report on your visit.

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals InText Questions and Answers

Do you remember?

Question 1.
Which Indian king started a new calendar?
Answer:
King Vikramaditya started the Vikrama Sam vat Era after defeating the Shakas in 57-58 BC and Shivaji Maharaj also started Rajyabhisheka Shaka (the coronation era in 1674).

Gather information:

Question 1.
Find out how Shivaji Maharaj escaped from his house arrest at Agra.
Answer:
(i) In 1666, Aurangzeb invited Shivaji to Agra, along with his nine-year-old son Sambhaji and a few of his trusted people.

(ii) Aurangzeb’s plan was to send Shivaji to Kandahar, now in Afghanistan, to consolidate the Mughal empire’s north-western frontier.

(iii) However, in the court, on 12th May 1666, Aurangzeb made Shivaji stand behind military commanders of his court.

(iv) Shivaji took offence and stormed out of court, and was promptly placed under house arrest under the watch of Faulad Khan, Kotwal of Agra.

(v) Shivaji pretended severe illness and requested to send most of his group back to the Deccan and conveyed his wish to distribute some sweets to the poor as offerings for getting well.

(vi) Thereafter, on his request, he was allowed to send daily shipments of sweets and gifts to saints, fakirs, and temples in Agra as offerings for his health.

(vii) The Kotwal was requested that the boxes of sweets should be touched by Maharaj himself as a custom and hence all the boxes were strictly checked.

(viii) According to the Mughal documents, after several days and weeks of sending out boxes containing sweets, Shivaji, disguised as labourer carrying sweet basket escaped on 17 August 1666.

(ix) Sambhaji, being a child had no restrictions and was sent out of the prison camp before Shivaji escaped.

(x) After escaping Shivaji and his son fled to the Deccan disguised as sadhus.

Class 7 History Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate words from the options given below:

Question 1.
The Killedar of the fort of Chakan was ____ (Vyankoji, Firangoji Narsala, Murarbaji Deshpande)
Answer:
Firangoji Narsala

Question 2.
Shaistakhan set up his camp at Lalmahal in ________ (Pune, Satara, Agra)
Answer:
Pune

Question 3.
The treaty of ______ was signed between Jaisingh and Shivaji. (Pune, Bengal, Purandar)
Answer:
Purandar

Question 4.
Shivaji helped Jaisingh against _______ (Adilshah, Aurangzeb, Qutubshah)
Answer:
Adilshah

Question 5.
The Mughals captured the fort of _________ (Jinji, Chakan, Raigad)
Answer:
Chakan

Question 6.
In the raid, ________ lost his fingers (Shaistakhan, Jaisingh, Afzalkhan)
Answer:
Shaistakhan

Question 7.
_______ was the Subhedar of Surat. (Dilerkhan, Inayat Khan, Shaistakhan)
Answer:
Inayat Khan

Question 8.
______died a heroic death, while defending the Purandar fort. (Firangoji Narsala, Raghunath Narayan, Murarbaji Deshpande)
Answer:
Murarbaji

Question 9.
Shivaji Maharaj passed away at Fort ______ on 3rd April, 1680. (Purandar, Chakan, Raigad)
Answer:
Raigad

Question 10.
______, a learned Pandit crowned Shivaji Maharaj on his first coronation. (Pandit Gagabhatt, Nischalpuri Gosavi, Firangoji Narsala)
Answer:
Gagabhatt

Question 11.
Shivaji Maharaj had his second coronation performed under the guidance of ______. (Krishnaji Anant Sabhasad, Nischalpuri Gosavi, Pandit Gagabhatt)
Answer:
Nischalpuri Gosavi

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Treaty of Purandar (2) Shivaji’s coronation (3) Karnataka campaign (4) Shivaji raided Lai Mahal	(a) April 1663 (b)  October 1677 (c) June, 1674 (d)  June 1651

Answer:
1 – d
2 – c
3 – b
4 – a

Question 2.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Mann	(a) A monument
(2) Hon	(b) Unit of measurement
(3) Shivrai	(c) a gold coin
(4) Samadhi	(d) a copper coin

Answer:
1 – b
2 – c
3 – d
4 – a

Arrange in chronological order:

Question 1.
(i) Shivaji Maharaj’s campaign to the South
(ii) The treaty of Purandar
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj’s death in Raigad
(iv) Shivaji Maharaj’s coronation
Answer:
(i) The treaty of Purandar
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj’s coronation
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj’s campaign to the South
(iv) Shivaji Maharaj’s death in Raigad

Find the names from the chapter:

Question 1.
A learned Pandit who crowned Shivaji Maharaj at Raigad.
Answer:
Gagabhatt

Question 2.
This treaty was signed between Jaisingh and Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:
The Treaty of Purandar

Question 3.
It was a rich city. Shivaji Maharaj raided it and obtained plenty of wealth.
Answer:
Surat

Question 4.
He took shelter in the southern part of Jinji.
Answer:
Chhatrapati Rajaram Maharaj.

Question 5.
It is a world famous library.
Answer:
The Saraswati Mahal

Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
Whom did Aurangzeb send to curb Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Aurangzeb sent Jaisingh, an experienced and powerful Rajput Sardar against Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 2.
What were the terms of the ‘Treaty of Purandar’?
Answer:
According to the terms of the treaty, Shivaji Maharaj gave twenty-three of his forts along with adjoining territories yielding an annual revenue of four lakh hons. He also assured the Mughals, of help against Adilshah.

Question 3.
How did Aurangzeb treat Shivaji Maharaj at his Darbar in Agra?
Answer:
Aurangzeb did not treat Shivaji Maharaj with due honour at his court and gave vent to his anger.

Question 4.
When and where was Shivaji Maharaj coronated? Who crowned him?
Answer:
On 6th June, 1674, Gagabhatt a learned Pandit crowned Shivaji Maharaj at Raigad.

Question 5.
What was inscribed on the special coins minted on the occasion of the coronation?
Answer:
Shri Raja Shiva Chhatrapati was inscribed on . the special coins minted on the occasion of the coronation.

Question 6.
Which dictionary was prepared on the special occasion of coronation?
Answer:
A dictionary showing Sanskrit alternatives for Persian words was prepared. It is called ‘Rajya- vyavahara-kosha’.

Question 7.
What did Sabhasad, a chronicler, write about Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Sabhasad wrote “It was no mean achievement for a Maratha King to become such a great Chhatrapati”.

Question 8.
What was the objective of Jaisingh’s invasion?
Answer:
The objective of Jaisingh’s invasion was to curb the increasing activities of Shivaji Maharaj and then to turn to Adilshahi.

Question 9.
Under whose guidance was the second coronation performed?
Answer:
Shivaji Maharaj’s second coronation was performed under the guidance of Nischalpuri Gosavi.

Question 10.
What was encouraged by rulers of Tanjavur?
Answer:
Rulers of Tanjavur encouraged art and learning.
The Saraswati Mahal Library in Tanjavur is world famous.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Shaistakhan suffered great humiliation.
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan invaded Pune and set up his camp at Lai Mahal in Pune, where Shivaji Maharaj lived in his childhood.
(ii) His forces looted the people.
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj decided to raid Lai Mahal.
(iv) On the night of 5th April, 1663, along with his band of soldiers, Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai Mahal.
(v) In this raid, Shaistakhan lost his fingers hence suffered great humiliation.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj decided to attack/raid Surat.
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj wanted to teach the Mughals a lesson as Shaistakhan had ravaged large territories of the Swaraj.
(ii) Surat was a big trade centre and a port under Mughal control.
(iii) The British, Dutch and French laid their factories in Surat.
(iv) Maximum revenue was being generated by this city for the emperor.
(v) It was a rich city.
(vi) Maharaj marched to Surat.
(vii) The Subhedar of Surat could not put up any resistance.
(viii) Maharaj obtained plenty of wealth from Surat without bothering the common people.
(ix) This campaign was a stunning blow to Emperor Aurangzeb’s prestige.
(x) This campaign of Surat was completely successful.

Question 3.
Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai MahaL
Answer:
(i) Shaistakhan had set up his camp at Lai Mahal ,in Pune where Shivaji Maharaj had lived in his childhood.
(ii) Shaistakhan’s army looted the people in the Pune region for two years.
(iii) This had an adverse effect on the morale of people.
(iv) Therefore Shivaji Maharaj raided Lai Mahal.

Complete the following:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 History Solutions Chapter 13 Fulfillment of Struggle for Independence Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 8 History Solutions Chapter 13 Fulfillment of Struggle for Independence

Class 8 History Chapter 13 Fulfillment of Struggle for Independence Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options:

Fulfillment Of Struggle For Independence Question 1.
There were more than six hundred small and big …………….. in India.
(a) states
(b) villages
(c) princely states
(d) cities
Answer:
(c) princely states

Fulfillment Of Struggle For Independence Class 8 Question 2.
All the princely states merged with India except the states of Junagad, ……………. and Kashmir.
(a) Aundh
(b) Jhansi
(c) Vadodara
(d) Hyderabad
Answer:
(d) Hyderabad

2. Explain the following statements with reasons :

Struggle Chapter 13 Question 1.
Junagad merged with India.
Answer:

1. Junagad was a princely state in Saurashtra.
2. The Nawab of Junagad wanted to merge the state with Pakistan.
3. It was opposed by the people vigorously as they wanted the merger with India.
4. Due to this, the Nawab fled to Pakistan and Junagad was merged with India in February, 1948.

13 Fulfillment Of Struggle For Independence Question 2.
The Indian government started police action against the Nizam.
Answer:

1. Hyderabad State Congress passed a resolution for a merger of Hyderabad state with India in July 1947.
2. The Nizam took an anti-India stand and tried for a merger with Pakistan.
3. The Razakar organisation of Kasim Rizvi committed atrocities on Hindus as well as Muslims who supported the democratic movement.
4. The Nizam did not respond to the appeal of the Government of India for peaceful negotiations.
5. At last, the Government of India started police action on 13 September, 1948 and the state of Hyderabad was merged with India.

Class 8 History Chapter 13 Questions And Answers Question 3.
Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession with India.
Answer:

1. Hari Singh the ruler of Kashmir, had decided to retain the independence of Kashmir.
2. Pakistan was keen to secure the merger of Kashmir with itself.
3. So, Pakistan began to put pressure on Hari Singh for this purpose.
4. At the instigation of Pakistan, the armed intruders attacked Kashmir in October, 1947.

Therefore, Hari Singh signed the ‘Instrument of Accession’ with India.

3. Answer the following in Brief:

Question 1.
Explain the contribution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in the integration of the Princely States in India.
Answer:

1. The problem of the merger of the princely states was very tactfully handled by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the then Home Minister of India.
2. He convinced the Princes that the merger of their states with India was in their interest.
3. He prepared the ‘Instrument of Accession’, acceptable to all.
4. The Princes accepted the proposal and all the states except Junagad, Kashmir and Hyderabad were merged with India.
5. These three states, too, were merged with India subsequently.
6. Thus, he took a firm stand and solved the issue of merger of princely states.

Question 2.
Explain the contribution of Swami Ramananda Tirth in the struggle for liberation of Hyderabad.
Answer:

1. Hyderabad was the largest princely state in India.
2. The autocratic ruler, Nizam had denied civil and political rights to the people.?
3. In 1938, Swami Ramananda Tirth formed Hyderabad State Congress.
4. As Nizam banned his organisation, a struggle began for getting recognition to Hyderabad State Congress and democratic rights.
5. In July, 1947 a resolution was passed by the Hyderabad State Congress for its merger with India.
6. Swami Ramananda Tirth was assisted by Narayan Reddy and Siraj-ul-Hasan Tirmiji in his efforts.

Project:

Gather information and pictures related to the struggle for liberation of Hyderabad. Organise a Poster Exhibition based on it in the history department.

Class 8 History Chapter 13 Fulfillment of Struggle for Independence Additional Important Questions and Answers

Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options:

Question 1.
Due to the influence of …………….., there was beginning of political awakening among the princely states.
(a) Champaranya Satyagraha
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Non-Co-operation Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
Answer:
(c) Non-Co-operation Movement

Question 2.
Junagadh was a princely state in ……………… .
(a) Kutch
(b) Saurashtra
(c) South Gujarat
(d) East Gujarat
Answer:
(b) Saurashtra

Question 3.
Through ‘Vande Mataram’ movement ……………… participated in the struggle for liberation of Hyderabad.
(a) farmers
(b) workers
(c) students
(d) Nizam’s army
Answer:
(c) students

Question 4.
……………… is celebrated as ‘Marathwada Mukti Din’.
(a) 13 September
(b) 19 December
(c) 2 August
(d) 17 September
Answer:
(d) 17 September

Question 5.
There was significant contribution of ……………… Samaj in the Hyderabad Mukti Sangram.
(a) Arya
(b) Satyashodhak
(c) Brahmo
(d) Prarthana
Answer:
(a) Arya

Question 6.
The youth of Azad Gomantak Dal made an armed attack and liberated the territories of ……………… from Portuguese rule.
(a) Diu and Daman
(b) Goa
(c) Dadra and Nagar Haveli
(d) Chandianagai and Mahe
Answer:
(c) Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Question 7.
In 1949, France held a plebiscite in ………………
(a) Mahe
(b) Karaikal
(c) Puducheri
(d) Chandranagar
Answer:
(d) Chandranaga

Question 8.
……………… was an aggressive leader in this struggle for liberation of Goa.
(a) Swami Ramananda Tilth
(b) Govindbhai Shioff
(c) Mohan Ranade
(d) Babasaheb Paianjpe
Answer:
(c) Mohan Ranade

Name the following:

Question 1.
Founder of ‘Razakar’ in Princely state of Hyderabad.
Answer:
Kasim Rizvi

Question 2.
Founder of Hyderabad State Congress.
Answer:
Swami Ramananda Tirth

Question 3
Founder of Goa Congress Committee.
Answer:
Dr. T.B. Cunha

Question 4.
Took a firm stand in solving the issue of Princely States.
Answer:
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Answer the following questions in one sentence :

Question 1.
Which European powers had control over some parts of India after Independence?
Answer:
The Portuguese and French powers had control over some parts of India after Independence.

Question 2.
What are Praja Mandals?
Answer:
People formed organisations like Prajamandals which worked for people’s interests in the princely states and for securing political rights for them.

Question 3.
Which languages were spoken in the princely state of Hyderabad?
Answer:
Telugu, Kannada and Marathi were the languages spoken in the princely state of Hyderabad.

Question 4.
What is ‘Operation Polo’?
Answer:
Indian government started the police action against the Nizam to merge the princely state of Hyderabad with India. It was symbolically called ‘Operation Polo’.

Question 5.
Which organisations were formed by people to secure civil and political rights in princely state of Hyderabad?
Answer:
To secure civil and political rights in Hyderabad princely state, people formed organisations such as Andhra Parishad in Telangana region, Maharashtra Parishad in the Marathwada region and Karnataka Parishad in the Karnataka region.

Do as Directed :

Complete the concept map :

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Show the events during merger of Hyderabad princely states on timeline:

Question 1.

Answer:

Answer the following in Brief :

Question 1.
Write about contribution of Marathwada in the struggle for liberation of Hyderabad.
Answer:
The contribution of Marathwada in the liberation of Hyderabad is as follows :

1. To secure civil and political rights of the people in the region, MaharashtraParishad was formed.
2. Many eminent leaders like Ved Prakash, Govind Pansare, etc. from Marathwada led the Hyderabad liberation struggle.
3. Through ‘Vande Mataram’ Movement many students participated in the movement.
4. Many sacrificed their lives in this historical struggle.
5. The people and leaders of Marathwada had a lion’s share in Hyderabad liberation struggle.

Question 2.
Why was the struggle for independence not over in spite of India gaining independence?
Answer:

1. When India got independence, there were more than six hundred princely states.
2. The French and Portuguese powers too controlled some parts of India.
3. It was essential to merge these regions with India.

Therefore, the struggle for independence continued in spite of India gaining independence.

Question 3.
Write about the contribution of Dr. T. B. Kunha for the liberation of Goa.
Answer:

1. Dr. T. B. Kunha was in the forefront of the struggle to liberate Goa from the Portuguese rule.
2. He worked to bring about awakening among the people against the Portuguese Government.
3. With an objective of carrying out the struggle, he founded the Goa Congress Committee.
4. He founded the Goa Youth League in Mumbai in 1945.
5. He entered Goa in 1946 and was sentenced to eight years imprisonment for the violation of the ban on public speeches.

Explain the following statements with reasons :

Question 1.
Merger of the Princely States was essential.
Answer:

1. When India got independence there were more than six hundred princely states in India.
2. If the princely states had remained independent, India would have been split into hundreds of territorial fragments.
3. The dream of Indian National Congress of undivided India would have remained incomplete.
4. Moreover, the organisations in the princely states had started movements to secure rights.
5. It was necessary to free the people from the autocratic rule in the princely states.
6. Some princely states started carrying out movements for merging with Pakistan.

Question 2.
All India States People’s Conference was formed in 1927.
Answer:

1. There was political awakening among the people of princely states due to influence of non-co-operation movement.
2. Praja Mandals were formed to secure the political rights for the people in the Princely states and to work for their interest.
3. All the Praja Mandals came together and formed an “All India States People’s Conference, in 1927 which gave an impetus to the freedom movement.

Question 3.
Many organisations were formed in the Hyderabad Princely State.
Answer:

1. There were Telugu, Kannada and Marathi speaking regions in princely state of Hyderabad.
2. There was absence of civil and political rights under the autocratic rule of the Nizam.
3. To secure these rights organisations were formed in the princely states of Hyderabad.

Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
Give information about Goa Liberation Movement.
Answer:

1. Portuguese refused to hand over territories under its possession to India.
2. Dr. T. B. Kunha was in the forefront to lead the struggle.
3. He formed the organisation like ‘Goa Congress Committee’ and ‘Goa Youth League’.
4. He worked to bring about an awakening of the people against the Portuguese government.
5. He was arrested and imprisoned in 1946 for violating a ban on public speeches.
6. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia started a Satyagraha for liberation of Goa.
7. He was deported by the Portuguese as he violated a ban and delivered a public speech at Madgaon in Goa in 1946.
8. The youths of the Azad Gomantak Dal liberated Dadra and Nagar Haveli from the Portuguese rule on 2 August, 1954.
9. The Portuguese rulers committed unlimited tyranny and atrocities on the Satyagrahis sent by Goa Mukti Samiti from Maharashtra in 1954.
10. As the negotiations between the Government and the Portuguese did not succeed, the Indian government unwillingly took the decision of using military force.
11. On 19 December, 1961, Goa was finally liberated from the dominion of the Portuguese.

Question 2.
How was the integration of the French occupied territories brought about?
Answer:

1. Even after the independence of India, the regions of Chandranagar, Puduchcheri, Karaikal, Mahe and Yaman were in the possession of the French.
2. People were keen to merge with India.
3. The Indian Government demanded that these territories should be handed over to it.
4. In 1949, the French-occupied territory of Chandranagar was transferred to India in view of the result of the plebiscite undertaken there.
5. Thereafter, the remaining territories in the French possession were also handed over to India without any problem.

Question 3.
What would have happened if the Princely States would not have merged with India?
Answer:
Had the Princely States remained independent, the following could have been the result :

1. The people in the princely states would never have got freedom and they would have faced injustice.
2. The feeling of unity would have never developed among Indians due to the independent princely states.
3. They would have created trouble in the development of India.
4. Even the boundaries of India would not have remained safe.
5. Injustice on the population, encroachment by the princely states and many other issues would have risen.
6. Thus, It would have threatened the peace and security of India.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Solutions Hindi Lokvani Chapter 7 दो लघुकथाएँ Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Lokvani Solutions Chapter 7 दो लघुकथाएँ

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Digest Chapter 7 दो लघुकथाएँ Textbook Questions and Answers

स्वाध्याय :

सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए :

प्रश्न 1.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।

उत्तर:

2. घटनाक्रम के अनुसार वाक्य लिखिए। .

प्रश्न 1.
घटनाक्रम के अनुसार वाक्य लिखिए। .

1. बचपन में बाबू जी से की फरमाइशों का पुलिंदा था।
2. आज शाम वह बचपन के अपने कमरे में घुसा।
3. झटपट कागज की एक पर्ची बनाई।
4. वह एक-एक इबारत पढ़ने लगा।

उत्तर:

1. आज शाम वह बचपन के अपने कमरे में घुसा।
2. बचपन में बाबू जी से की फरमाइशों का पुलिंदा था।
3. वह एक-एक इबारत पढ़ने लगा।
4. झटपट कागज की एक पर्ची बनाई।

3. कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

प्रश्न 1.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

उत्तर:

4. रिश्ते लिखिए। काका

प्रश्न 1.
रिश्ते लिखिए। काका

1. अनिता – राघवेंद्र = …………………..
2. अम्मा – अनिता = …………………..
3. बच्चे – बाबूजी = …………………..
4. बाबू जी – अनिता = …………………..

उत्तर:

1. पली-पति
2. सास व बहू
3. पोते व दादा जी
4. ससुर व बहू गद्यांश:

5. पाठ में प्रयुक्त एकवचन और बहुवचन शब्दों की सूची बनाइए। 

प्रश्न 1.
पाठ में प्रयुक्त एकवचन और बहुवचन शब्दों की सूची बनाइए।

उत्तर:

एकवचन	बहुवचन
1. वर्ष	1. लघुकथाएँ
2. कस्बा	2. महीने
3. एलबम	3. कोने
4. बॉक्स	4. पर्चियाँ
5. जलेबी	5. आँखों
6. पेंसिल	6. परिजनों
7. शूज	7. बुजुर्गों
8. वस्तु	8. बच्चों
9. पर्ची	9. फरमाइशों
10. जेब	10. किताबें

अभिव्यक्ति :

प्रश्न 1.
‘व्यवहार से संस्कार झलकते हैं।’ इस विधान को सोदाहरण स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर:
हम संसार में जो कुछ करते हैं वह व्यवहार है। व्यवहार हमारे व्यक्तित्व को दर्शाता है। संस्कार सनातन होता है। व्यक्ति के हर रोज के व्यवहार में संस्कार के दर्शन होने चाहिए। जिस व्यक्ति के व्यवहार से संस्कार झलकते हैं, उसे सभी याद करते हैं। ऐसा व्यक्ति मृत्यु के बाद भी अमर हो जाता है। भारत के भूतपूर्व राष्ट्रपति एवं महान वैज्ञानिक डॉ. अब्दुल कलाम जी का भी सभी के साथ बहुत ही अच्छा व्यवहार था। उनके व्यवहार से सादगी एवं माधुर्य था। उनका जीवन व्यवहार एवं संस्कारों का ऐसा अद्वितीय मिश्रण था जिससे संपूर्ण दुनिया में वे प्रसिद्ध हुए। सभी के साथ प्रेम व शांति से पेश आना, दूसरों की मदद करने के लिए सदैव तत्पर रहना व दूसरों के दुख व दर्द को समझना; यह सबसे अच्छा व्यवहार है और इसी व्यवहार से व्यक्ति के संस्कार झलकते हैं।

उपयोजित लेखन :

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित परिच्छेद पढ़कर इस पर आधारित ऐसे चार प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए जिनके उत्तर एक-एक वाक्य में हों।

उत्तरः

1. कोढ़ियों की सेवा कौन करती थी?
2. परदुखकातर व निर्मल हृदय वाले लोगों के नाम बताइए।
3. गद्यांश में कौन-सी संस्था का उल्लेख हुआ है?
4. लेखक के शब्दकोश में कौन-से शब्द नहीं है?

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Textbook Solutions Chapter 7 दो लघुकथाएँ Additional Important Questions and Answers

(अ) निम्नलिखित गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति अ (1): आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 2.
ऐसे प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए जिनके उत्तर निम्नलिखित शब्द हों
i. पाँच
ii. मुंबई
उत्तर:
i. राघवेंद्र ने कितने कमरों का फ्लैट खरीदा है?
ii. राघवेंद्र का फ्लैट कौन से शहर में है?

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित असत्य विधान को सत्य करके लिखिए।)
i. मुंबई ही बाबू जी के लिए जन्म और कर्मभूमि रही है।
उत्तर :
पैतृक कस्बा ही बाबू जी के लिए जन्म और कर्मभूमि रही है।

प्रश्न 4.
किसने, किससे कहा?
i. “हमें वहाँ के अलावा और कहीं ज्यादा अच्छा नहीं लगता।”
उत्तर :
बाबू जी ने राघवेंद्र से कहा।

प्रश्न 5.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

कृति अ (2) : शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ लिखिए।
i. पैतृक
ii. कस्बा
उत्तर:
i. पुश्तैनी
ii. छोटा शहर या नगर

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

1. पिता संबंधी या पुरखों का –
2. जुड़ा या मिला हुआ –
3. बड़ा नगर –

उत्तरः

1. पैतृक
2. संयुक्त
3. महानगर

प्रश्न 3.
विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. जन्म × ……….
2. कम × ………….
3. इच्छा × ……….
4. प्यार × ………..

उत्तर :

1. मरण
2. ज्यादा
3. अनिच्छा
4. नफरत

प्रश्न 4.
गद्यांश में से विदेशी शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर :
i. फ्लैट

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों में उचित प्रत्यय लगाकर नए शब्द तैयार कीजिए।
i. दिन
ii. वर्ष
उत्तर :
i. दिन + इक = दैनिक
ii. वर्ष + इक = वार्षिक

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के समोच्चारित भिन्नार्थक शब्द लिखिए।

1. कम
2. दिन
3. दस

उत्तर:

1. काम
2. दीन
3. दास

कृति अ (3) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘संयुक्त परिवार के लाभ’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तर :
एक परिवार में जब सभी परिवार के सदस्य दूसरी पीढ़ी के सदस्यों के साथ मिल-जुलकर रहते हैं तब हम उसे संयुक्त परिवार कहते हैं। संयुक्त परिवार समस्याओं में हमारा सहायक बनता है। विपत्ति के समय सभी एक-दूसरे की सहायता करने के लिए आगे आते हैं। इस प्रकार संयुक्त परिवार में भावनात्मक सहयोग होता है। जब परिवार एक साथ रहता है तब त्योहार मनाने की खुशी कुछ अलग ही होती है। संयुक्त परिवार में आपसी समायोजन होता है।

संयुक्त परिवार में प्रत्येक व्यक्ति अपने विचार साझा करता है और एक सही निर्णय लिया जाता है जिससे सबका भला हो । संयुक्त परिवार में बुजुर्ग का मार्गदर्शन बहुत ही महत्त्वपूर्ण होता है। संयुक्त परिवार में रहने से बच्चे अधिक आज्ञाकारी एवं संस्कारी होते हैं। संयुक्त परिवार में रहने से कुल-व्यय बहुत ही कम होता है।

(आ) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ

कृति आ (1) : आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।
उत्तर:

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित गलत विधान सही करके लिखिए।
i. राघव ने पर्ची पर लिखा कि बाबू जी और अम्मा उसके 4. साथ पैतृक कस्बे में आकर रहें।
उत्तर:
राधव ने पर्ची पर लिखा कि बाबू जी और अम्मा उसके साथ मुंबई में आकर रहें।

ii. राघव को विश्वास था कि बाबू जी उसकी अर्जी को अस्वीकार कर देंगे।
उत्तरः
राघव को विश्वास था कि बाबू जी उसकी अर्जी को स्वीकार कर देंगे।

कृति आ (2) : शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची लिखिए।
i. खारिज
ii. बक्सा
iii. अर्जी
उत्तर:
i. अस्वीकृत
ii. डिब्बा
iii. प्रार्थनापत्र, निवेदन

प्रश्न 2.
अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

1. कागज, कपड़े आदि की बँधी बड़ी गठरी –
2. वाक्य की बनावट या रचना –
3. निवेदन अथवा प्रार्थना करने के लिए लिखा गया पत्र –
4. जिसे आश्वासन मिला हो –

उत्तर:

1. पुलिंदा
2. इबारत
3. अर्जी
4. आश्वत

प्रश्न 3.
विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. पुरानी × ……………….
2. अंदर ×…………………
3. खारिज × ……………….

उत्तर:

1. नई
2. बाहर
3. स्वीकृत

प्रश्न 4.
गद्यांश में से विदेशी शब्द छाँटकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:

1. पॉलीथिन
2. कोर्स
3. फुटबॉल
4. बॉक्स
5. एक्स्ट्रा
6. ड्रेस
7. शूज

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक शब्द लिखिए।

1. जेब
2. कम
3. डाल
4. लकड़ी

उत्तर:

1. जब
2. काम
3. दाल
4. लड़की

कृति आ (3) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 1.
‘बचपन के वे दिन सुहावने’ विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तर:
बचपन के दिन बहुत प्यारे होते हैं। वे कभी भुलाए नहीं जा सकते। जैसे-जैसे हम बड़े होते जाते हैं, वैसे-वैसे बचपन के दिन पीछे छुट जाते हैं। फिर भी हम बचपन के उन यादगार पलों को नहीं भूल सकते हैं। बार-बार हमें उनकी याद आती रहती है। बचपन की अपनी मधुर यादों में माता-पिता, भाई-बहन, यारदोस्त, स्कूल के दिन, मौज-मस्ती आदि सब कुछ याद आता रहता है।

बचपन में दिन भर गुल्ली-डंडा खेलना, दोस्तों के साथ धूम मचाना, आम के पेड़ पर चढ़ना आदि के स्मरण से ‘कोई लौटा दे मेरे वे बीते हुए दिन’ इस गीत की याद आ जाती है। बचपन में सभी चिंतामुक्त जीवन जीते हैं। बचपन में खेलने व उछलने-कूदने में बड़ा आनंद आता है। यही कारण है कि सबको बचपन के दिन सुहावने लगते हैं।

(इ) गद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति इ (1): आकलन कृति

प्रश्न 1.
ऐसे प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए जिनके उत्तर निम्नलिखित शब्द हों –
i. सुरेश
ii. बुजुर्गों
उत्तर:
i. अशोक के पारिवारिक मित्र का नाम बताइए?
ii. सुरेश ने बचपन में अपने परिजनों को किसकी सेवा करते देखा है?

कृति इ (2) : शब्द संपदा

प्रश्न 1.
गद्यांश में से शब्द-युग्म ढूँढकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
i. बुरा-भला
ii. दिन-रात

प्रश्न 2.
वचन बदलिए।
i. बात
ii. पैसा
उत्तर:
i. बातें
ii. पैसे

प्रश्न 3.
गद्यांश में से विदेशी शब्द छाँटकर लिखिए।
उत्तर :
i. इन्वेस्टमेंट
ii. सेंटर

प्रश्न 4.
गद्यांश में से विलोम शब्द ढूँढकर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
i. बुरा × भला
ii. दिन × रात

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों में उचित प्रत्यय लगाकर नए शब्द तैयार कीजिए।

1. ईमानदार
2. परिवार
3. भारत

उत्तर:

1. ईमानदार + ई = ईमानदारी
2. परिवार + इक = पारिवारिक उत्तर. शापवर्गीय
3. भारत + ईय = भारतीय

प्रश्न 6.
‘परिजन’ इस शब्द में से उचित उपसर्ग पहचानिए और संबंधित उपसर्ग से दो नए शब्द बनाइए।
उत्तरः
i. परिजन : उपसर्ग : परि
ii. नए शब्द : परिसंवाद, परिवर्तन

प्रश्न 7.
पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।
i. अचरज
ii. फीकी
उत्तर:
i. आश्चर्य
ii. नौरस

प्रश्न 8.
निम्नलिखित शब्द का अनेकार्थी शब्द लिखिए। प्रत्यय
i. फीकी
उत्तरः
नीरस, स्वादहीन, धुंधला, दुर्बल, सामान्य

दो लघुकथाएँ Summary in Hindi

लेखिक-परिचय :

जीवन-परिचय : संतोष सुपेकर जी का जन्म 1967 में मध्य प्रदेश के उज्जैन शहर में हुआ। ये एक आधुनिक हिंदी साहित्यकार हैं। इन्होंने पत्रकारिता एवं जनसंचार क्षेत्र में उल्लेखनीय कार्य किया है। पत्र, कविता, लघुकथा, कहानी, समीक्षा, व्यंग्यलेख आदि साहित्य की विधाओं में इन्होंने लेखन कार्य किया है। इनके द्वारा लिखे गए लेख विविध पत्र-पत्रिकाओं में प्रकाशित होते रहते हैं।
प्रमुख कृतियाँ : ‘साथ चलते हुए’, ‘हाशिए का आदमी’, ‘बंद आँखों का समाज’, ‘हँसी की चीखें” (लघुकथा संग्रह), ‘चेहरों के आरपार’, ‘यथार्थ के यक्ष प्रश्न’ (काव्य संग्रह) आदि।

गद्य-परिचय :

लघुकथा : लघुकथा कहानी से लघु होती है। भले ही वह आकार से लघु होती है, पर वह गागर में सागर भरने का काम करती है। वह पाठकों को चिंतन करने के लिए प्रेरित करती है।
प्रस्तावना : अर्जी : इस लघुकथा में बेटे का अपने माता-पिता के प्रति अपनापन, माता-पिता का अपने बच्चे के प्रति स्नेह तथा उनका
अपनी जन्मभूमि के प्रति जुड़ाव को अभिव्यक्त किया गया है। इन्वेस्टमेंट : इस लघुकथा में जीवन में संस्कारों का होना बहुत ही महत्त्वपूर्ण होता है, संस्कारों के बिना जीवन परिपूर्ण नहीं बन सकता और व्यक्ति के व्यवहार से संस्कार झलकने चाहिए, इसे उदाहरण के द्वारा स्पष्ट किया है।

सारांश :

अर्जी : ‘अर्जी’ का अर्थ है – निवेदन अथवा प्रार्थना। प्रस्तुत लघुकथा का नायक राघव अपनी पत्नी व बच्चों के साथ मुंबई में रहता है। वह अपने बच्चों को दादा-दादी का प्यार देना चाहता है। इसी कारण उसने मुंबई में पाँच कमरों का फ्लैट खरीदा है। लेकिन राधव के माता-पिता को अपने पैतृक कस्बे में ही रहना अच्छा लगता है।

वे महानगर में चार-आठ दिनों से ज्यादा नहीं रह सकते हैं। हर वर्ष की तरह राघव अपनी पत्नी व बच्चों के साथ पैतृक कस्बे में आया हुआ है। वह बचपन में जिस कमरे में रहता था उस कमरे में जाकर अपना बक्सा खोलता है जिसमें उसकी पुरानी किताबें, पुरानी फोटो एलबम आदि हैं।

उसमें एक पॉलीथिन की एक थैली में कुछ पर्चियाँ भी हैं। उन पर्चियों को देखकर उसकी बचपन की यादें तरोताजा हो जाती हैं। बचपन में उसे जो भी कुछ चाहिए होता था, उसे वह पर्ची पर लिखकर अपने पिता की जेब में डाल देता था। उन पर्थियों को पढ़ते समय उसकी आँखों से आँसू आने लगते हैं। उसके बाबू जी भी उसकी माँगों को पूरा करते थे।

अब राघव बड़ा हो गया है। अब वह चाहता है कि उसके माता-पिता साल में कम से कम दो-तीन महीने तक उसके पास मुंबई में आकर रहें। वह झटपट कागज की एक पर्ची पर अपनी चाह को लिखकर अपने अम्मा-बाबू को मुंबई में साथ रहने के लिए कहता है और उस पर्ची को अपने बाबूजी के कुर्ते की जेब में डाल देता है।

उसे आशा है कि इस बार भी उसके बाबूजी उसे निराश नहीं करेंगे और वे उसकी अर्जी जरूर मान जाएंगे। इन्वेस्टमेंट : इस लघुकथा में सुरेश के व्यवहार एवं उसके कार्य के बारे में जानकर हमें उसके संस्कारी होने का पता चलता है। उसकी सौतेली माँ है। वह हमेशा उसे बुरा-भला कहती थी। फिर भी वह उसकी दिन-रात सेवा करता है। वह इन्वेस्टमेंट सेंटर चलाता है।

बाहर पैसे का इन्वेस्टमेंट करना उसका कार्य है। ठीक उसी प्रकार वह अपने घर में भी संस्कारों का इन्वेस्टमेंट करता है। उसने बचपन से सीखा है कि बुजुर्गों की सेवा करनी चाहिए। इसी कारण वह भी अपनी माँ की सेवा करता है। उसे आशा है कि उसे सेवा करते देखकर उसके बच्चों में भी भारतीय संस्कार विकसित होंगे।

शब्दार्थ :

1. पतृक – पुश्तैनी
2. कस्बा – छोटा शहर
3. खारिज – अस्वीकृत, बहिष्कृत
4. बक्सा – डिब्बा
5. अर्जी – प्रार्थनापत्र
6. अचरज – आश्चर्य
7. फीकी – नीरस
8. सब्र – धीरज, सहन
9. आश्वस्त – जिसे आश्वासन मिला हो, जिसे तसल्ली दी गई हो।

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 3.1 Tartary Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 English Solutions Chapter 3.1 Tartary

Class 7 English Chapter 3.1 Tartary Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Find the words that mean the following, from the first stanza.

3.1 Tartary Question And Answer Question 1.
Gold hammered into a flat, thin shape : ………………..
Answer:
beaten gold

Tartary Poem Std 7 Question Answer Question 2.
Show off proudly : ………………..
Answer:
flaunt

Tartary Poem 7th Standard Question 3.
Tilt, move at an angle : ………………..
Answer:
slant

3.1 Tartary Answer Question 4.
Across, especially in a slanting direction : ………………..
Answer:
athwart

2. Find the names of the exotic musical instruments and animals mentioned in the poem.

Tartary Poem Std 7 Questions And Answers Question 1.
Find the names of the exotic musical instruments and animals mentioned in the poem.
Answer:
Exotic musical instruments mentioned in the poem are harp, flute and mandoline. Animals mentioned are fishes, zebras, tigers and peacock.

3. In the last stanza, there are three-four letter words that refer to a beautiful valley.

3.1 Tartary Question 1.
In the last stanza, there are three-four letter words that refer to a beautiful valley. They are:
1. ………………
2. ………………
3. ………………
Answer:
1. dale,
2. vale,
3. glen.

4. From the poem, find three lines that use comparisons.

Tartary Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
From the poem, find three lines that use comparisons.
1. …………….
2. …………….
3. …………….
Answer:
1. Her trembling lake like foamless seas.
2. Yellow as honey, red as wine.
3. And, clustered thick as seeds.

5. Colour, sound and images from nature add to the beauty of a poem.

Tartary Poem Std 7 Question 1.
Colour, sound and images from nature add to the beauty of a poem: ‘Tartary’ is a perfect example of the above. Pick out lines that contain:
1. colour,
2. sound,
3. images of native:
Answer:
1. Colour:

• her rivers silver pale!
• In every purple vale!
• And in the evening lamp would shine. Yellow as honey red as wine
• I’d wear a robe of beads & gold

2. Sound:

• Trumpeters everyday. To every meal would summon me.
• While harp and flute and mandoline made music sweet and gay

3. Images from the nature:

• Her flashing stars, her scented breeze.
• Her river silver pale!
• And in my pools great fishes slant.
• Her bird-delighting citron trees.
• Glen, thicket, wood and dale.

6. Complete the following phrases with the help of the poem.

Tartary Question And Answers Question 1.
Complete the following phrases with the help of the poem.

1. ……………. music
2. ……………. rivers
3. ……………. breeze
4. ……………. lake
5. ……………. citron-trees

Answer:

1. sweet and gay music
2. silver-pale river
3. scented breeze
4. trembling lake
5. bird-delighting citron-trees

7. Write about the daily routine of the ‘Lord of Tartary’ in 8-10 lines.

7th Std English Poem Tartary Question 1.
Write about the daily routine of the ‘Lord of Tartary’ in 8-10 lines.
Answer:
The Lord of Tartary would get up very early in the morning. He would wear a dress of green, white and gold beads. These beads would be placed very close to each other just like seeds. And before the waning of the morning star he would wear his robe, take his sword, and then go out in the valley in his carriage drawn by seven zebras. At meal time, be summoned by trumpeters. In the evening, he would enjoy the shining lamps and sweet music played by musicians. At night he would enjoy the flashing stars and the scented breeze by the lakeside lined with citron-trees.

8. Using your imagination write about a beautiful region – its landforms, water bodies, flora and fauna, night sky, people etc.

Question 1.
Using your imagination write about a beautiful region – its landforms, water bodies, flora and fauna, night sky, people etc.
Answer:
My mind races to a beautiful mountain range full of huge tall trees with winding creepers. A few monkeys could be seen jumping from the branches across trees as if engaged in a game. The crisp chirping of birds could be heard. The setting sun cast a reddish-yellow glow on the horizon and I could see the gurgling stream flowing down the slopes of the mountain as if to reach a destination.

Through the winding paths, one could see villages with loads of household goods trekking up the way to their homes nestled in the slopes of the mountain. As the night grew, the dim lights from the modest homes seemed to complete with the bright shining stars, far away in the sky. The occasional cool breeze, faithfully carried the fragrance of the trees, leaves and the blooms with if it was a blissful feeling – away from the din and noise of the crowded city life.

9. Language Study.

Question 1.
Consonance: Consonance is repetition of one or more consonant sounds especially at the end of words. Consonance is usually pleasant lo the ear.
Examples:

• Piller-patter, pitter-patter
• Rivers silver-pale
• The lint was sent with the tent.
• All’s well that ends well.

Find at least two examples of consonance from poems that you study in this book.
Answer:
e.g.
1. pitter-patter
2. gold and green
Give Similar examples.

Class 7 English Chapter 3.1 Tartary Additional Important Questions and Answers

Match the Columns.

Question 1.

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
1. Zebras	a. delight the birds
2. Lakes	b. summon the Lord to every meal
3. Citron trees	c. draw carriage
4. Trumpeters	d. flaunt their feathers
5. Peacocks	e. tremble like a sea
6. Tigers	f. beat gold
	g. haunt the forests

Answer:

Columns ‘A’	Columns ‘B’
1. Zebras	c. draw carriage
2. Lakes	e. tremble like a sea
3. Citron trees	a. delight the birds
4. Trumpeters	b. summon the Lord to every meal
5. Peacocks	d. flaunt their feathers
6. Tigers	g. haunt the forests

Reading Skills and Poetic Device.

Question 1.
Complete the sentences.

1. My bed should be
2. And in my forests
3. Yellow as honey,

Answer:

1. of ivory
2. tigers haunt
3. red as wine

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
How does the poet begin the poem?
Answer:
The poet begins the poem on the assumption that if he were the Lord of Tartary and wants all things beautiful for himself like a little child “myself and me alone.”

Question 2.
The poet expresses his desire for certain things specifically. According what do you what do the following signify?

1. Ivory
2. peacocks
3. tigers
4. shining lamps
5. harp and flute

Answer:

1. luxury
2. beauty and majesty
3. strength / power
4. decor aesthetics brightness beauty
5. ear for music.

Question 3.
Who will summon the Lord to every meal?
Answer:
The trumpeters will summon the Lord to every meal.

Poetic Device.

State and explain the figures of speech in the given lines.

Question 1.
of beaten gold my throne
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘my throne of beaten gold’.

Question 2.
And in my court should peacocks flaunt.
Answer:
Inversion: The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘And in my court peacock should flaunt’.

Question 3.
Yellow as honey, red as wine.
Answer:
Simile – Lamp’s yellow shine is directly compared to honey and its red shine is compared to wine.

Question 4.
White harp and flute and mandolin
Answer:
Repetition – The word ‘and is repeated for poetic effect.

Question 5.
Made music sweet and gay.
Answer:
Alliteration – The sound of’m’ in words made and music is used to add beauty to the poem.

Simple Factual Questions.

Complete the sentences.
1. The lake of Tartary trembles like
2. The purple dale has
Answer:
1. foamless seas
2. bird-delighting citron trees

Complex Factual Questions.

Question 1.
How does the poet want his robe to be?
Answer:
The poet wants his robe to be made of white, golden and green coloured beads placed quite close to one another.

Question 2.
What does he want to do before the morning star is out of sight?
Answer:
Before the morning star is out of sight, the poet wants to wear his robe and ride through the dark open spaces in the forests. He hopes to travel in his car drawn by seven zebras.

Question 3.
How does the poet portray the natural beauty of Tartary.
Answer:
The poet imagines a variety of fruits, silver pale rivers, valleys of dense forests and bushes, flashing stars, scented breeze, shining stars in the sky and citron trees habited by delightful birds in his Kingdom of Tartary.

Poetic Device.

Question 1.
And clustered thick as seeds
Answer:
Simile – There is a direct comparison between the beads in the robe to a cluster of seeds to add to the poetic effect.

Question 2.
And zebras seven should draw my car
Answer:
Inversion – The prose order is changed for poetic effect.

Question 3.
Glen, thicket, wood, and dale
Answer:
Tautology – The words ‘glen’ and ‘dale’ which mean the same are used in the same line for a better poetic effect.

Question 4.
Her trembling lake like foamless sea.
Answer:
Simile: The lake is directly compared to a sea for a better poetic effect.
Personification: Inanimate object ‘lake’ is given the human quality of trembling for a better poetic effect.
Alliteration: The sound of T is repeated in words ‘lake’ and ‘like’ for a better poetic effect.

Question 5.
Her rivers silver-pale!
Answer:
Exclamation – A strong emotion is expressed for a better poetic effect.

Question 6.
And ere should wane the morning star.
Answer:
Inversion – The word order has been changed. The correct word order is ‘and ere the morning- star should wane’.

Question 7.
Pick out two pairs of rhyming words from the poem.
Answer:

1. pale-dale
2. beads-seeds

Tartary Summary in English

The poet says that if he were the Lord of the imaginary kingdom called ‘Tartary’, he would be the sole ruler of this great land. He would sleep on bed made of ivory, sit on a throne made of gold. All types of birds and animals would visit his court. The peacocks would proudly show off its beautiful form and the well-built tigers would take a walk in the forests. The fishes would tilt and swim with their fins shining in the pools.

Further ahead, the poet says that as the Lord of Tartary, he would be treated royally. With trumpeters calling him for every meal, shining lamps displaying yellow and red colours. Musicians would entertain him by playing exotic musical instruments such as harp, flute and mandoline.

He wishes to wear a robe of beads of white gold & green. Before the morning stars wane, he would wear his robe and with a sword in his hand, go around the valley in a carriage drawn by seven zebras.
As the lord of Tartary, he would own all the juicy fruits the silver-pale rivers, hills full of bushes and trees. In the night, he would enjoy the beauty of the shining stars and the sweet fragrance of the breeze. The purple valley with citron-trees that delight the birds would add to the beauty of Tartary.

Introduction:

The poet Walter de la Mare paints a vivid picture of an imaginary kingdom, ‘Tartary’ and takes us on a journey as the Lord of the mighty kingdom.

Glossary:

1. Tartary – an imaginary land
2. ivory (n) – tusk teeth of an elephant which is hard and creamy white in colour
3. beaten gold (adj) – gold hammered into flat thin shape
4. throne (n) – chair for a king or queen metal strings
5. flaunt (v) – show off proudly
6. haunt (v) – come frequently
7. slant (v) – tilt, at an angle which is not straight (here) move at an angle.
8. athwart (prep) – across, from side to side in a slanting direction
9. summon (v) – call
10. bray (v) – make a loud harsh cry
11. harp (n) – a musical instrument with strings
12. mandoline (n) – a musical instrument with metal strings
13. gay (adj) – happy, light-hearted
14. robe (n) – a loose garment reaching the ankles
15. clustered (v)- similar things grouped together and placed closely
16. ere (prep) – before (in time) – old usage
17. wane (v) – disappear
18. don (v) – put on clothing
19. scimitar (n) – short sword with a curved blade
20. glades (n) – open spaces in a forest
21. glen (n) – a narrow valley
22. thicket (n) – dense group of bushes or trees
23. dale (n) – a valley
24. flashing (v) – shine with bright, irregular light
25. vale (n) – a valley