Maharashtra Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 2 Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 2 Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements

5th Std EVS 2 Digest Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Tools Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following question in one sentence.

Question a.
Which animals did the Homo sapiens mainly hunt?
Answer:
The Homo sapiens mainly hunted small animals like the wild bear, deer, mountain goat and sheep.

Question b.
What is the characteristic of the New Stone Age?
Answer:
The beginning of cultivation is a characteristic of the New Stone Age culture.

2. Give reasons for the following.

Question a.
The diet of Homo sapiens underwent a change.
Answer:
The climate underwent change and became warmer.
Big animals like mammals were on the way to extinction. Therefore, the diet of the Homo sapiens underwent a change.

Question b.
Homo sapiens needed to stay in one place over longer periods of time.
Answer:

1. It was no longer necessary to wander from place to place in search of food.
2. They moved their camps to different places according to seasonal changes in climate. Thus, the Homo sapiens stayed in one place over a longer period of time.

3. Observe the reconstructed picture of a Middle Stone Age seasonal camp and answer the following.

Question a.
Describe the structure of the houses in the picture.
Answer:
The roof is inclining and is of thatched grass.

Question b.
What materials are used to construct the houses?
Answer:
Grass and wood have been used to construct the houses.

Question c.
What kind of jobs could the people in the seasonal camps have been doing?
Answer:
The people at the seasonal camp were engaged in fishing, agriculture, hunting, and making small boats.

4. Write about the effects on your life, of the seasonal changes in weather.

Question 1.
Write about the effects on your life, of the seasonal changes in weather.
Answer:
The seasonal changes in weather result in changes in my clothing. I wear warm clothes during winter and light cotton clothes in summer.
The seasonal changes in climate make me sick sometimes and I am forced to take medicines.
I cannot go out and play games with my friends in the rainy season.

5. Compare the New Stone Age village with a modern village.

Question 1.
Compare the New Stone Age village with a modern village.
Answer:

New Stone Age village	Modern village
1. New Stone Age village was primitive as it was an early village-settlement.	1. Modern village is much developed as it underwent many changes over a period of time.
2. New Stone Age village was in remote areas and had no contact with the outside world.	2. Modern villages are well-connected with the outside world with the means of transport and communication.
3. Human beings lived in huts.	3. Human beings live in constructed houses.
4. Agriculture, animal husbandry, and fishing were the main activities of the villagers.	4. Besides agriculture, animal husbandry, and fishing, many other activities are undertaken by the villagers with the help of machines.

Activities :

a. Construct models of different types of houses.
b. Visit agricultural farms and collect information of the various agricultural tasks that farmers have to do.
c. Visit five different types of houses in your locality and collect information about the materials used in the construction of those houses.
d. With your teacher’s help, observe the continents shown on a world map or a globe and write short notes about them.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 7 From Shelters to Village-settlements Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.

1. The Neanderthals could protect themselves from the freezing temperatures because they wore ……… clothing and made
2. They used animal hides to erect ………. inside the caves for warmth
3. They also built………………… in the open.
4. In the Middle Stone Age groups of Homo sapiens established …………… all over the world.
5. At that time, the climate was getting …………….
6. With the change in environment, the ……….. of the Homo sapiens also changed.
7. Big animals like mammoth were on the way to…………….. .
8. The ………………… were hunted on a large scale.
9. Homo sapiens had largely turned to …………………… with hunting.
10. Homo sapiens hunted. ……… animals like boar, deer, mountain goat and sheep.
11. The changed diet pattern enabled the groups of Homo sapiens to………………. to faraway regions.
12. They moved their camps to different places according to ……………………. changes.
13. The Homo sapiens harvested seasonal wild grains and gathered seasonal and ………
14. They would find out the best seasons for ……………
15. By observation, they discovered the best ……………. grounds.
16. They ……………… in one place for longer periods.
17. They cleared jungles by felling trees and set up their ……… camps in the clearings.
18. The ways of life of …………………….. in the New Stone Age was completely different from that of humans in the Old Stone Age.
19. In the New Stone Age, humans became …………… of foodgrains.
20. The beginning of ……………….. is a characteristic of the culture of the New Stone Age.
21. In the ……………. way of life, it is necessary to keep moving all the time.
22. Agriculture made it possible to ………………… food and use it over a long period.
23. ………….. made it necessary to stay in one place.
24. People established …………. settlements and lived in them generation after generation.
25. In the Middle Stone Age, the climate was getting ………….
26. The Neanderthals used animal…………… to erect tents inside the caves for warmth.

Answer:

1. leather, fire
2. tents
3. huts
4. camps
5. warmer
6. diet
7. extinction
8. mammoth
9. fishing
10. smaller
11. oam
12. seasonal
13. fruits, roots
14. fishing
15. hunting
16. stayed
17. seasonal
18. humans
19. producers
20. cultivation
21. hunting, gathering
22. store
23. agriculture
24. permanent
25. warmer
26. hides

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence:

Question 1.
Why did the Neanderthals live in caves?
Answer:
The Neanderthals lived in caves because at that time the climate in Europe was extremely cold.

Question 2.
How did the Neanderthals protect themselves from the extreme cold climate?
Answer:
To protect themselves from the freezing temperature, the Neanderthals made fire for warmth and wore leather clothing.

Question 3.
What did the Neanderthals do to their caves to protect themselves from the freezing temperature?
Answer:
To protect themselves from the freezing temperature, they used animal hides to erect tents inside the caves for warmth.

Question 4.
Where did they live when it was warm?
Answer:
They built huts in the open to live when it was warm.

Question 5.
Where did the Middle Stone Age man establish their camps?
Answer:
The Middle Stone Age man established their camps all over the world.

Question 6.
Why did they establish their camps all over the world?
Answer:
As the climate was getting warmer and the environment was changing their lifestyle and diet were also changing and this enabled them establish their camps all over the world.

Question 7.
How did a huge animal like the mammoth get extinct?
Answer:
A huge animal like the mammoth got extinct because mammoths were hunted on a large scale.

Question 8.
Which smaller animals did the Middle Stone Age man hunt?
Answer:
The Middle Stone Age man hunted smaller animals like boar, deer, mountain goat and sheep.

Question 9.
What enabled the Homo sapiens to travel to faraway regions?
Answer:
Their changed diet pattern enabled groups of Homo sapiens to roam to faraway regions.

Question 10.
Why did the Homo sapiens move their camps to different places?
Answer:
The Homo sapiens moved their camps to different places according to the seasonal changes.

Question 11.
Other than hunting, how did the Homo sapiens acquire their food?
Answer:
Other than hunting, the Homo sapiens harvested seasonal wild grains and gathered seasonal fruits and roots.

Question 12.
Why did the Homo sapiens begin to fell trees?
Answer:
The Homo sapiens felled trees to clear the jungles and set up their seasonal camps in the clearings

Question 13.
What enabled the New Stone Age man to establish permanent village-settlements?
Answer:
The nature of agricultural work made it possible for the New Stone Age man to establish permanent village-settlements.

Question 14.
In which way of life is it necessary to keep moving?
Answer:
In the hunting and gathering way of life, it is necessary to keep moving all the time.

Question 15.
According to the climate, what work was done by the Homo sapiens?
Answer:
According to the climate, fishing and hunting was the work done by Homo sapiens.

Give reasons for the following :

Question 1.
Homo sapiens had largely turned to fishing.
Answer:
As the mammoths became extinct due to hunting, the Homo sapiens turned to fishing.

Question 2.
Homo sapiens needed to stay in one place over a longer period of time.
Answer:
i. By observation of nature, the Homo sapiens discovered and learnt about the best seasons for fishing and the best hunting ground.
ii. For this reason, they needed to stay in one place for a longer period of time.

Question 3.
People established permanent village settlements.
Answer:
i. The nature of agricultural work made it necessary to stay in one place.
ii. Therefore people established permanent village-settlements to live in them generation after generation

Question 4.
By the time of the Middle Stone Age, big animals like mammoths were on the way to extinction.
Answer:
Due to the changing environment and also because they were hunted on a very large scale, big animals like mammoths were on the way to extinction by the time of the Middle Stone Age.

Answer each of the questions in brief :

Question 1.
Why did the hunting pattern of the Homo sapiens change with time?
Answer:

1. With the mammoth becoming extinct, the Homo sapiens had to turn to fishing.
2. He also hunted smaller animals like wild boar, deer, mountain goat and sheep.
3. Thus, the hunting pattern of the Homo sapiens changed with time.

Question 2.
How did the Homo sapiens discover the best hunting grounds and fishing seasons?
Answer:
By observation of nature and using this knowledge to their advantage, the Homo sapiens discovered the best season for fishing and also the best hunting grounds.

Question 3.
How and why did the Homo sapiens clear the jungle?
Answer:
i. For fishing and hunting in one particular region, the Homo sapiens needed to stay in one place for longer periods.
ii. So they cleared the jungles by felling trees and set up their seasonal camps in the clearings.

Question 4.
Why did the people of the New Stone Age establish permanent village-settlements and lived in them generation after generation?
Answer:

1. In hunting and gathering way of life, it is necessary to keep moving all the time.
2. However, agriculture made it possible to store food and use it over a longer period. Hence, their need to move constantly diminished.
3. The nature of agricultural work was such that they had to stay in one place.
4. Therefore people established permanent village-settlements and lived in them generation after generation.

Question 5.
How did the Neanderthals protect themselves from the cold?
Answer:

1. The Neanderthals mainly lived in caves.
2. They protected themselves from the cold by wearing leather clothes and making use of fire.
3. They also used animal hides to erect tents inside the caves for warmth.
4. This is how the Neanderthals protected themselves from the cold.

Question 6.
Why was there no need to keep moving constantly in the New Stone Age?
Answer:

1. The way of human life in the New Stone Age was completely different as compared to the life in the Old Stone Age and Middle Stone Age.
2. Humans became producers of food and started cultivating the land.
3. Agriculture made it possible to store food and use it over a longer period.
4. Therefore, there was no need for humans in the New Stone Age to constantly move from one place to another.

Glossary :

1. dietary : related to food
2. warmth : the quality or sensation of being warm.
3. extremely : very severe
4. faraway : distant in space and time.
5. felling : cutting down
6. scorching : burning
7. concrete : a building material made from a mixture of gravel, sand, cement and water
8. subsidiary : less important than but related to something
9. progre
10. ssive : proceeding gradually or in stages.