Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.
Maharashtra State Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India
Class 8 English Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India Textbook Questions and Answers
1. Read the Preamble of the Constitution of India given in your textbook. Pick out words that refer to the following.
- Brotherhood
- Freedom
- Earnestly and seriously
- Fair and impartial treatment
- Having supreme authority
- Unity and oneness
- A promise made to oneself
Answer:
- Brotherhood: fraternity
- Freedom: liberty
- Earnestly and seriously: solemnly
- Fair and impartial treatment: equality
- Having supreme authority: sovereign
- Unity and oneness: integrity
- A promise made to oneself: resolve
2. Finite and Non- finite Verbs:
Verbs are action words. They can be Finite or Non-finite.
Read the sentences below, focusing on the verbs.
(a) I play football.
(b) He plays football.
(c) They play football.
(d) Manish plays football.
We notice that the verb ‘play’ as we change the person (First I Second /Third) or Number (Singular/Plural) of the Subject.
When the use of a verb is limited by the Person or Number of the Noun/Pronoun in the Subject, we call it a Finite Verb.
Now read the sentences below.
(a) I like to play football.
(b) He likes to play football.
(c) They like playing football.
(d) Manish likes to play football.
In the sentences above the verb ‘to play’ or ‘playing’ does not change or take ‘-s’ or ‘-es’ after them, even when we change the Person or Number of the Subject.
to + verb, I verb + ing/verb + en I ed/having + verb + en I ed are not limited by their Subject. Such verbs are called Non-finite Verbs.
1. Complete Dr APJ Abdul Kolum’s profile with information picked from the lesson:
Profile – Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
a. Title: …….
b. Profession: ………
c. Branch of science: ……..
d. Important position in Government held: ………..
e. His three visions for India: ……..
Answer:
a. Title: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
b. Profession: Missile scientist.
c. Branch of Science: Physics and Aerospace Engineering.
d. An important position in government-held: 11th President of India.
e. His three visions for India: Freedom, Development, and Standing Up to the rest of the World.
2. Using a dictionary/internet note down the main differences between:
Question a.
a developing nation and a developed nation
Answer:
(i) a developing nation: a country that is poor and whose citizens are mostly agricultural workers, and the average income is very low.
(ii) a developed nation: a country with a lot of industrial activity, high economic growth and where people have high incomes.
Question b.
self-reliant and self-assured
Answer:
(i) self-reliant: not needing help or support from other peoples
(ii) self-assured-having confidence in yourself.
Question c.
our strengths and our achievements
Answer:
(i) our strengths – the qualities and abilities that we have which are an advantage to us, or which make us successful.
(ii) our achievements – our successes or accomplishments.
Question d.
farm and granary
Answer:
(i) farm – a large area used for growing crops/flowers, etc.
(ii) granary – a storehouse for grain
Question e.
a remote-sensing satellite and a natural satellite
Answer:
(i) a remote-sensing satellite – artificial (man-made) satellites with remote sensors which have been launched into space to measure various things.
(ii) a natural satellite – any celestial body in space that orbits around a larger body.
3. Find evidence from the lesson and write in your own words:
Question a.
Indians respect the freedom of others.
Answer:
India has not tried to conquer anyone, or grab their land, culture and history. We have not tried to force our way of life on anyone. This is because Indians respect the freedom of others.
Question b.
It is time to see ourselves as a developed nation.
Answer:
We have been a developing nation ‘ for 50 years. Now we are among the top five nations of the world in terms of GDP we have ten percent growth rate in most areas. Our poverty levels are falling and our achievements are being recognized globally. It is time to see ourselves as a developed nation.
Question c.
We Indians are obsessed with foreign things.
Answer:
We Indians are obsessed with foreign things and we want to have things like foreign TVs, foreign shirts and foreign l technology.
Question d.
In Israel, the media have a positive outlook and self-respect.
Answer:
In Israel, it was the day after Hamas had struck and a lot of attacks, bombardments and deaths had taken place. However, the front page of the newspaper had an inspiring picture of a Jewish gentleman who in five years had transformed his desert land into an orchid farm and granary. The gory details of the killings, bombardments, deaths, etc. were inside the newspaper, buried among other news. This showed that in Israel the media have a positive outlook and self-respect.
Question e.
India has many amazing success stories.
Answer:
India has many amazing success stories. We are not only the second largest producer of wheat in the world, but also the second largest producer of rice. We are the first in milk production and are number one in remote sensing satellites. We have great personalities like Dr. Sudarshan, who has transformed a tribal village into a self-sustaining, self-driving unit.
4. Pick out some sentences from (he Iesson that coney u general truth.
(i) If we are not free, no one will respect us.
(ii) …………
Answer:
(i) If we are not free, no one will respect us.
(ii) We must stand up to the world or no one will respect us.
(iii) Only strength respects strength.
(iv) Military power and economic power-both must go hand in hand.
5. Find out from the Internet the poem Song of Youth’ by Dr APJ Abdul Kulam.
(A) Copy it down in your notebook and write its theme in your own words.
(B) Using information from our school library or the Internet, prepare a
Profile of any great Indian Scientist. (Refer to Activity 1 for points.)
6. Say whether each of the verbs, underlined below, is Finite or Non-finite.
Question a.
We lack the confidence to see ourselves as a developed nation.
Answer:
lack – Finite
to see – Non-finite
developed – Non-finite
Question b.
We stand first in producing milk.
Answer:
stand – Finite
producing – Non-finite
Question c.
I want to live in a developed India.
Answer:
want – Finite
to live – Non-finite
Question d.
We prefer buying imported things.
Answer:
prefer – Finite
buying – Non-finite
Question e.
Indians never try to force their way of life on others.
Answer:
to force – Non-finite
Question f.
Having invaded India, they captured our land.
Answer:
captured – Finite
7. Phrases and Clauses:
Study the underlined groups of words.
(i)
(a) He wore a shirt made of cotton.
(b) He wore a shirt which was made of cotton.
(ii)
(a) Are you sure of your innocence?
(b) Are you sure that you are innocent?
(iii)
(a) This is the exact reason for his failure.
(b) This is exactly why he has failed.
(iv)
(a) Pay careful attention to my words.
(b) Pay careful attention to what I say.
(v)
(a) After finishing his work, he went home.
(b) He finished his work and he went home.
You will notice that all underlined groups of words in sentences marked (a) merely
refer to a concept or expression. They do not contain a Subject or a Main or Principal
Verb. Such a group of words or unit of a sentence is called a PHRASE
Each of the underlined groups of words in sentences marked (bi convey a thought/concept and have a Subject and a Principal or Main Verb.
This unit /part of a sentence is called a CLAUSE.
Say whether the underlined parts of the following sentences are Phrases or Clauses:
(i)
People from all over the world have invaded us.
Answer:
Phrase
(ii)
I believe that Indio had its first vision of freedom in 1857.
Answer:
Clauses
(iii)
It is this freedom that we must respect.
Answer:
Clauses
(iv)
We are a great nation.
Answer:
Phrase
(v)
I want to live in a developed India.
Answer:
Phrase
(vi)
We have so many amazing success stories but we refuse to acknowledge them.
Answer:
Clauses
(vii)
We have a 10 percent growth rate in most areas.
Answer:
Phrase
Replace the underlined Phrases with Clauses:
Question a.
Do you know his place of birth?
Answer:
Do you know where he was born?
Question b.
In his absence, the thieves looted his house.
Answer:
When he was absent, the thieves looted his house.
Question c.
I am a citizen of India. I am a citizen.
Answer:
I am a citizen who belongs to India.
Class 8 English Chapter 2.4 Three Visions for India Additional Important Questions and Answers
Complete the webs:
Question 1.
Answer:
Question 2.
Answer:
Simple Factual Activities:
Question 1.
Pick out a sentence from the extract that conveys a general truth.
Answer:
If we are not free, no one will respect us.
Question 2.
What helped Dr. Kalam fix the three visions for India?
Answer:
Dr. Kalam fixed the three visions for India based on the achievements and progress he had witnessed in the history of the nation and during his own career as a missile scientist.
Question 3.
How should we handle our freedom?
Answer:
We should protect and nurture our freedom and build on it.
Write the past tense forms of the following words:
- grab
- build
- conquer
- try
Answer:
- grabbed
- built
- conquered
- tried
Rewrite the following sentences as affirmative sentences:
Question 1.
We have not done this to any other nation.
Answer:
We have refused to do this to any other nation.
Question 2.
If we are not free, no one will respect us.
Answer:
We will be respected only if we are free.
Personal Response:
Question 1.
What, do you think, will happen if everyone in the world respected the freedom of others?
Answer:
If everyone in the world respected the freedom of others, there would be complete peace and harmony in the world. There would be no wars and no bloodshed. Everyone would be happy and free to develop his full potential
Question 2.
Pick out two compound words from the passage.
Answer:
self-reliant, self-assured
Question 3.
Do you agree that ‘our media is obsessed only with bad news, failures and disasters’?
Answer:
Yes, I agree. The front pages of all leading newspapers carries only bad news. The good news is carried in very fine print somewhere deep in the paper. It can be very depressing. Only when we read detailed articles or actually visit places can we see the amazing success stories and the development.
Complete the following:
Question 1.
The prerequisite of self-respect is _______.
Answer:
self-reliance.
Question 2.
The foreign stuff we Indians are crazy about is foreign TVs, ______.
Answer:
foreign shirts and foreign technology.
Question 3.
The dream of the fourteen-year-old girl in Hyderabad is _____.
Answer:
to live in a developed India.
Question 4.
Pick out a sentence from the extract that conveys a general truth.
Answer:
Self-respect comes with self-reliance.
Write the antonyms of the following words using prefixes:
- respect
- developed
- inspiring
- imported
Answer:
- respect x disrespect
- developed x undeveloped
- inspiring x uninspiring
- imported x exported
Pick out the relative pronouns from the following sentences:
Question 1.
The front page had the picture of a gentleman who had transformed his desert land into an orchid farm.
Answer:
who
Question 2.
It was this inspiring picture that everyone woke up to.
Answer:
that
Personal Response:
Question 1.
Would you too like to live in a developed India? What will be the advantages?
Answer:
Yes, I too would like to live in a developed India. Then there will be no crowds, no queues, admissions to schools and colleges will be easy, there will be no dearth of natural resources, and everyone will be able to live in luxury.
Do as directed:
Question 1.
Write the root words of the following words : achievement, inspiring
Answer:
achieve, inspire
Question 2.
Use the following phrase in your own sentence : stand up to
Answer:
We must have the courage to stand up to any injustice that we see around us.
Question 3.
Spot the error and rewrite correctly : potentail, self-sustenning
Answer:
potential, self-sustaining
Question 4.
Find out four hidden words from the given word : (Each word should have at least 3 letters.) satellite
Answer:
satellite – state, late, least, steal
Question 5.
Write the anagrams of the following words :
(i) bleats
(ii) asleep
Answer:
(i) bleats – stable, tables
(ii) asleep – elapse, please
Question 6.
Replace the underlined phrase with a clause : After finishing her studies, she ran off to play.
Answer:
After she had finished her studies, she ran off to play.She finished her studies 1 and ran off to play.
Question 7.
Pick out the non-finite verb from the following sentence :
Why are we so embarrassed to recognize our own strength?
Answer:
to recognize
Question 8.
Pick out the pronouns from the sentence :
She replied, “I want to live in a developed India.”
Answer:
She replied, “I want to live in a developed India.”
Question 9.
Rewrite as a negative sentence :
Our media is obsessed with only bad news and failures.
Answer:
Our media is obsessed with nothing but bad news and failures.
Question 10.
Use the following word as a noun and a verb in two separate sentences :
attack
Answer:
(i) The attack came when Aurangzeb had least expected it. (norm)
(ii) Aurangzeb was attacked when he least expected it. (verb)